83results about "Ammonium perchlorate explosive compositions" patented technology

The invention discloses a two-dimensional metal oxide composite reduced graphene oxide burning rate catalyst, which is prepared by the following steps: uniformly grinding glucose, ammonium nitrate and transition metal nitrate, calcining at high temperature to generate a two-dimensional metal oxide nanosheet, mixing the two-dimensional metal oxide nanosheet with surfactant modified reduced graphene oxide powder, and sintering at high temperature to obtain the two-dimensional metal oxide composite reduced graphene oxide burning rate catalyst. And transferring into a high-pressure hydrothermal kettle for solvothermal reaction, so that the reduced graphene oxide and the two-dimensional metal oxide nanosheet are compounded to form the composite burning rate catalyst with a 2D-2D structure. Two two-dimensional materials are compounded through a solvothermal method, the defects of accumulation of reduced graphene oxide and aggregation of the two-dimensional metal oxide due to high surface energy are effectively avoided, meanwhile, the high conductivity of the reduced graphene oxide is utilized, the synergistic catalysis effect of the metal oxide and the carbon material is enhanced, and the performance of the composite material is improved. The composite material has a good catalytic effect on the thermal decomposition process of ammonium perchlorate.

The invention discloses a preparation method of ammonium perchlorate with a hollow spherical structure, which comprises the following steps: firstly, dissolving ammonium perchlorate in a high-temperature N, N-dimethylformamide solvent to form a high-temperature ammonium perchlorate saturated solution; then, adding a high-temperature saturated ammonium perchlorate solution into a low-temperature carbon tetrachloride anti-solvent at a slow feeding rate, and recrystallizing; and finally, completely crystallizing, standing, separating, washing and drying the product to obtain the ammonium perchlorate with the hollow spherical structure. The particle size of the obtained ammonium perchlorate with the hollow spherical structure is 50-100 microns, and the ammonium perchlorate is high in sphericity degree and good in dispersity. The ammonium perchlorate with the hollow spherical structure is applied to the fields of propellants, pyrotechnic compounds, thermite and the like.

The invention discloses a method for carrying out moisture absorption prevention treatment on superfine AP by using modified silicon dioxide, which comprises the following steps of: introducing a functional group structure on the surface of nano silicon dioxide by using a silane coupling agent to carry out low surface energy modification, and preparing modified nano silicon dioxide with super-hydrophobic performance; and adding the modified nano silicon dioxide particles into a superfine AP organic solvent, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment and stirring for a certain time to obtain superfine AP particles coated with the modified nano silicon dioxide. As the particle size of the AP particles is reduced, the specific surface area is increased, and the binding sites with the nano silicon dioxide particles are increased, so that the AP particles are relatively firmly coated on the surface of the AP. The nano silicon dioxide particles coated on the superfine AP can bring certain steric hindrance and simultaneously endow the superfine AP with certain hydrophobic performance, so that the superfine AP particles are prevented from moisture absorption, agglomeration and caking. The method is simple to operate, safe and efficient, the superfine AP is uniformly coated, and the hygroscopicity of the AP is obviously reduced.

The present invention discloses a copper-containing hydrogen-bond organic framework material, a preparation method, and an application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: mixing trimesic acid, melamine, and a copper salt and dispersing them in a solvent to obtain a mixed suspension; transferring the mixed suspension to a reactor for reaction to obtain a copper-containing hydrogen-bond organic framework material solution; cooling the copper-containing hydrogen-bond organic framework material solution, centrifuging it, and then post-treating the copper-containing hydrogen-bond organic framework material solid obtained by centrifugation to obtain a copper-containing hydrogen-bond organic framework material with a one-dimensional rod-shaped structure. When used in the thermal decomposition catalysis of ammonium perchlorate, the copper-containing hydrogen-bond organic framework material prepared by the present invention can exhibit high catalytic activity and stability, thereby concentrating the exothermic temperature range and heat release of ammonium perchlorate.

A method for recovering ammonium perchlorate from a solid composite propellant, the method being carried out at a temperature of less than 50° C. involving maceration of solid composite propellant fragments in the form of an aqueous suspension, the method being terminated when the ionic conductivity in the aqueous suspension reaches a stabilized value, of less than 60 mS / cm.

The invention discloses application of ferrocenyl conjugated microporous polymers Fc-CMPs in a composite solid propellant and the composite solid propellant, the ferrocenyl conjugated microporous polymers Fc-CMPs are porous organic polymers which take ferrocenyl groups as conjugated functional units and are connected through covalent acetylenic bonds, and the ferrocenyl conjugated microporous polymers Fc-CMPs have excellent thermal stability and permanent porosity, and can be used for preparing the composite solid propellant. The material is solid powder, is insoluble in a traditional organic solvent and does not migrate, and a ferrocene unit serves as a constituent part of a polymer framework and an oxidation-reduction active site and is dispersed in a two-dimensional conjugated network structure of a composite solid propellant. When being used as a burning rate catalyst to be applied to AP decomposition, the ferrocene burning rate catalyst can obviously reduce the high-temperature decomposition peak temperature of AP, and solves the migration problem of a traditional ferrocene burning rate catalyst in a composite solid propellant system. The Fc-CMPs are applied to an AP decomposition catalysis scene for the first time, and a new direction is provided for development of a composite solid propellant burning rate catalyst.

The invention relates to a composite solid propellant comprising: - a crosslinked polyurethane binder, which is the reaction product of a polyol polymer and a polyisocyanate crosslinking agent, in the presence of a crosslinking catalyst; - ammonium perchlorate; - optionally aluminum; - optionally a ballistic catalyst; - at least one additive comprising a functionalized organic compound comprising 30 to 50 carbon atoms. Figure for the abstract: Fig. 1.

The present invention provides a gas-generating agent composition, a gas-generating agent, and a preparation method and the use, and belongs to the technical field of automobile airbags. The gas-generating agent composition comprises the following components, in percentages by mass: 30-70% of guanidine nitrate, 20-60% of basic copper nitrate, 0-10% of basic copper carbonate, 1-10% of ammonium perchlorate and 1-15% of a slag-forming agent, wherein the slag-forming agent comprises a first component and a second component, the first component being selected from aluminum hydroxide, and the second component being selected from at least one of a zirconate and a silicate. A tablet of the gas-generating agent composition provided above can maintain the form before combustion well after combustion, improve the hardness of residues, and avoid the situation whereby the tablet is molten and splashed after combustion to burn an air bag; and the synergistic effect thereof can reduce the combustion pressure index of the formulation, thereby rendering the combustion more stable.

The invention belongs to the technical field of ammonium perchlorate modification, and particularly relates to a low-sensitivity ammonium perchlorate composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps: (1) mixing diethanol amine and an insensitive material to obtain a coating material; (2) adding a part of ammonium perchlorate into a stirrer according to a sandwich type feeding method, spreading the bottom of the stirrer, adding a coating material, finally adding the rest ammonium perchlorate, lifting a stirrer material cylinder, and starting a stirring reaction when the bottom of a stirring paddle is about to touch the material; and (3) after the reaction is finished, stirring and cooling the reaction system to obtain the ammonium perchlorate composite material with low friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity. The process provided by the invention is suitable for preparing low-sensitivity ammonium perchlorate with various particle sizes, has the advantages of simple process flow, good reproducibility, easiness in amplification and almost no pollution to the environment, and does not influence the performance of ammonium perchlorate while reducing the sensitivity of ammonium perchlorate.

The invention discloses a low-combustion-temperature oxygen-deficient high-pressure-index rich-combustion fuel gas generating agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-70% of an oxidizing agent; 12%-30% of hydrocarbon solid fuel; 0-2.5% of a combustion rate regulator; 9%-17% of an adhesive; 0-3.5% of a plasticizer; and 0.7-1.3% of a curing agent. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the fuel gas generating agent. According to the low-combustion-temperature oxygen-poor type high-pressure-index rich-combustion gas generating agent, the gas temperature ranges from 1100 K to 1600 K, the pressure index ranges from 0.5 to 0.8, the oxygen coefficient ranges from 0.3 to 0.45, the total molar ratio of rich-combustion gas ranges from 60% to 84.8%, rich-combustion gas is provided for a rotary detonation engine, and a power source is provided for a solid attitude and orbit control engine.

The invention discloses a low-temperature micro-negative pressure flash evaporation preparation method of high-quality spherical superfine ammonium perchlorate, and belongs to the technical field of solid propellants. The invention aims to solve the problems of irregular morphology, low sphericity, hollow and porous particles, high sensitivity, high risk of a preparation process, low production efficiency and complex process of superfine AP prepared in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: 1, adding ammonium perchlorate into an organic solvent; 2, adding sodium hyaluronate into water; 3, dropwise adding the sodium hyaluronate solution into the ammonium perchlorate solution; and 4, flash evaporation. The method is used for low-temperature micro-negative-pressure flash evaporation preparation of high-quality spherical superfine ammonium perchlorate.

The application provides an oleic acid amide compound, a preparation method and a method for improving propellant performance, and the method for improving propellant performance comprises the following steps: adding the oleic acid amide compound into a solid propellant with a solid content greater than or equal to 90% as an additive for reducing the viscosity of a solid propellant slurry and improving the flow leveling property of the solid propellant slurry. The oleic acid amide compound of the application can significantly improve the wetting state of solid particles and a binder system of the propellant, so that the solid particles are easily dispersed, the structural strength hindering the flow in the slurry is reduced, the yield value and the viscosity of the slurry are reduced, and the flow leveling index of the slurry is improved. The application effect of the oleic acid amide compound in the solid propellant with a solid content greater than or equal to 90% is good.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid propellants, and particularly discloses a polyether amine type hydantoin bonding agent as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The basic structural unit of the polyether amine type hydantoin bonding agent is as follows: # imgabs0 # R1, R2, R3 and R4 comprise at least one ether bond and one amido, and further comprise hydrogen atoms and aliphatic linear alkanes or branched alkanes containing 1-20 carbon atoms; w, X, Y and Z are hydroxyl, hydantoin functional groups, hydrogen or methyl, and W, X, Y and Z at least comprise one hydroxyl and one hydantoin functional group; the polymerization degree is 800 to 10000. According to the polyetheramine type hydantoin bonding agent, a hydantoin functional group is introduced into a polyetheramine molecular chain through a simple amine-alkene addition reaction, a chemical adsorption effect on AP is formed, and the polyetheramine type hydantoin bonding agent is suitable for large-scale industrial production and can be applied to HTPB and NEPE systems at the same time, so that the interface performance between a nitramine explosive and a polyurethane adhesive matrix is effectively improved; the high-temperature mechanical property of the propellant is improved.

To provide a composite propellant having excellent manufacturability and physical properties.SOLUTION: A composite propellant containing binder having terminal hydroxyl group polybutadiene as a main component and oxidizer including ammonium perchlorate, in which the binder contains polytetramethylene ether glycol as a chain extender, tris[1-(2-methyl)-aziridinyl]phosphine oxide and N-methyldiethanolamine as a binding agent, and isophorone diisocyanate as a curing agent, in which the ratio of the polytetramethylene ether glycol in the binder is 10 to 20 mass%.SELECTED DRAWING: None

The application discloses a kind of nitrogen-rich oxygen three-component high-energy density materials and synthesis method thereof.By introducing high-energy or low-sense energetic anion and cation to regulate neutral compound performance is the most direct and effective way to alleviate the contradiction between energy and stability of energetic material,can fundamentally realize the dual promotion of energy and stability.Nitrogen-rich compound 4,5-diamino-3-aminomethyl-1,2,4-triazole is used as substrate,ionization reaction is carried out with perchloric acid,then hydroxylamine ion is introduced by intermolecular force,obtains nitrogen-rich oxygen three-component high-energy density material.The synthesis method has the characteristics of easy-to-obtain raw materials,operation is simple,high safety,high yield and the like.

The present invention relates to a solid composite propellant comprising: 5.0% to 20.0% by weight of a polyurethane crosslinked binder that is the reaction product of a polyester polyol and a polyisocyanate crosslinker in the presence of a crosslinking catalyst; 20.0% to 90.0% by weight of ammonium perchlorate; optionally, up to 25.0% by weight of aluminum; optionally, up to 5.0% by weight of a combustion catalyst; and optionally, up to 20.0% by weight of at least one additive.

The invention relates to the use of nanocatalysts with a high catalytic activity for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). To obtain these materials, magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) were functionalized with two different groups of amine derivatives, tertiary amine (Fe3O4 NPs-A1) and quaternary amine (Fe3O4 NPs-A2). These nanocatalysts allow a lower activation energy to be obtained, accelerating the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate.

The invention discloses a display shell capable of generating a yellow smoke effect, which consists of a spherical shell body filled with explosives and effect powder and a paper cup seat loaded with propellant powder, and further comprises an ignition lead and a blasting fuse. According to the display shell provided by the invention, through the three-section synergistic effect of the effect powder, the explosive and the propellant powder, stable generation and high-altitude release of yellow smoke are realized. The effect drug takes 3, 6-diamino-10-methyl acridine hydrochloride as a color development core and is supplemented by a barium nitrate / strontium carbonate composite oxidant system; the explosive triggers the effect explosive to release through a high-heat reaction of aluminum powder-barium nitrate; the propellant ensures that the display shell is accurately lifted off through high-energy output of potassium perchlorate-magnesium aluminum alloy. The three formulas form synergy in three aspects of energy transfer, oxidant complementation and combustion regulation, so that the yellow smoke has the advantages of stable color development, uniform diffusion and long duration.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid rocket propellants, and particularly discloses a phosphoric acid modified cyclic borate bonding agent and a preparation method and application thereof.The bonding agent does not contain nitrogen atoms, contains a cyclic structure, further introduces high-polarity phosphorus-oxygen (P = O) groups and has multiple hydroxyl groups capable of participating in a curing reaction; the compatibility with nitrate in a high-energy propellant is good, and ammonia release caused by the adoption of a bonding agent containing amido is avoided; the catalyst has good hydrolytic stability, and can generate a bonding effect with a nitramine filler in a coordination bonding manner; by improving the surface and interface performance of the solid filler and increasing the infiltration speed of the adhesive to the solid filler, the pharmaceutical process performance of the propellant can be improved; and the polymer can also be used as a chain extender and a reinforcing agent to optimize and regulate a matrix network structure, so that the purposes of high strength and high elongation are achieved. The bonding agent can meet the development requirements of NEPE high-energy propellants on high mechanical properties and optimized process properties.

Provided are a gas generant composition, a preparation method, and a gas generator containing the composition. The gas generant composition includes components having the following contents, in percent by mass: 40% to 60% of guanidine nitrate, 25% to 50% of basic copper nitrate, 0% to 7% of ammonium perchlorate, 1% to 10% of a slag-forming agent, and 0.05% to 5% of a release agent / lubricant, the slag-forming agent is used as a form-retaining agent, so that the tablets can retain their form before combustion very well after combustion, thereby completely avoiding burning of an inflatable bag due to melting and splashing of the combusted tablets. Moreover, ammonium perchlorate is used as auxiliary oxidizers, thereby reducing the amount of basic cupric nitrate used and reducing molten copper residues. The gas generant composition is mainly used in a gas generator for vehicle airbag.

A gas generating composition according to various embodiments includes a fuel, an oxidant, and at least two combustion modifiers. The oxidant may be a metal nitrate, such as basic copper nitrate; the fuel may be a nitrogen-containing organic compound, such as melamine nitrate; the at least two combustion modifiers are ammonium perchlorate and potassium perchlorate. Ammonium perchlorate and potassium perchlorate are present in any ratio between 3: 1 and 1: 3, respectively, relative to each other. In some embodiments, the ratio is 1: 1. Optionally, the gas generating composition may include other ingredients, such as treatment lubricants, slagging agents, as well as other fuels, oxidants, and combustion modifiers.

The present invention discloses a burning rate catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The burning rate catalyst utilizes the principle that a spray drying process can obtain micro-nano spherical particles, and uses spray drying as a method for preparing MOFs materials to obtain hollow spherical shells with an average particle size of 2 to 4 μm. The catalyst includes a metal oxide skeleton with a pore structure, which greatly improves the catalytic performance of the calcined product.

The present invention provides an explosive composition comprising hydrogen peroxide, a fuel, and one or more density stabilizers. The present invention also provides methods of preparing and using the composition.

The invention relates to a solid composite propellant comprising: 5.0% to 20.0% by mass of a polyurethane crosslinked binder, which is the reaction product of a polyester polyol and a polyisocyanate crosslinking agent, in the presence of a crosslinking catalyst; 20.0% to 90.0% by mass of ammonium perchlorate; optionally up to 25.0% by mass of aluminum; optionally up to 5.0% by mass of a ballistic catalyst; optionally up to 20.0% by mass of at least one additive.

The invention discloses an AP-AO composite particle with a core-shell structure and a preparation method and application thereof, the composite particle takes AP as a core and AO as a shell, and the mass ratio of AP to AO is (99-95): (1-5) by percentage. Compared with a traditional physical mixing method, the AO can be uniformly dispersed on the surface of the AP, and the agglomeration phenomenon of the AO is reduced; in addition, close contact between AP and AO can be promoted through preparation of the AP-AO composite particles with the core-shell structures, and the effect of AO on restraining AP thermal decomposition and the effect of reducing the burning rate of the AP / HTPB composite propellant are fully exerted.

The invention provides an energetic complex Cs-BTE and a continuous preparation method and application thereof.The continuous preparation method comprises the steps that 1, 2-bis (tetrazole-5-yl) ethane serves as an initial raw material, a ligand solution and a metal ion salt solution are continuously injected into a continuous flow reaction unit through an injection pump, and energetic complex crystals are obtained through filtering, washing and drying; a novel energetic complex preparation method which is simple and continuous in process and mild in reaction condition is developed, the energetic complex Cs-BTE which is novel in structure and excellent in comprehensive performance is prepared for the first time, and the energetic complex Cs-BTE has the characteristic of high thermal stability and also has the advantages of being simple and efficient in process method and safe and controllable in process; the thermal decomposition temperature of Cs-BTE is as high as 375.5 DEG C, the actually measured impact sensitivity is greater than 40J, the friction sensitivity is greater than 360N, and meanwhile, the C-BTE has a catalytic effect on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. Due to the excellent performance of the Cs-BTE, the Cs-BTE has huge application potential in the field of catalyzing the combustion efficiency of solid propellants as an energetic complex.

The present invention relates to propellant composition free from Activated Copper Chromite (ACR) having a high burn rate comprising only 0.1-0.25% of Iron oxide (Fe2O3) as burn rate catalyst. Particularly, it relates to the use of propellant composition for use in pyrogen igniters for large rocket motors. The propellant composition is devoid of Activated Copper Chromite catalyst, achieves a high burn rate, fulfils requirements of physical, mechanical and ballistic properties, has stable combustion and ensures reliable performance of the pyrogen igniters of large Rocket Motors.

The invention provides a preparation method of quaternary coated superfine ammonium perchlorate. Comprising the following steps: step 1, carrying out ball milling treatment on coarse-particle ammonium perchlorate to obtain superfine ammonium perchlorate powder; step 2, performing quaternary coating on the superfine ammonium perchlorate powder: (1) dissolving nitrocotton, fluororubber, 2, 4-dinitroanisole and octadecylamine in a mixed azeotropic solvent composed of acetone and ethyl acetate to obtain a solution A; (2) adding nano graphite and superfine ammonium perchlorate powder into the solution A, and performing ultrasonic treatment and stirring to obtain a muddy mixture; and (3) putting the muddy mixture into a culture dish, and drying in a water bath drying oven. The quaternary coating treatment method adopted by the invention is very effective for reducing the sensitivity of the superfine AP, and particularly, the friction sensitivity is greatly reduced; in addition, the quaternary coating treatment is also very effective for reducing the moisture absorption of the AP; but the energy performance and the inner ballistic performance of the propellant are hardly influenced.

The invention relates to the fields of chemical industry, pyrotechnic compositions, fireworks and crackers and the like, and relates to preparation of barium fumarate serving as a novel compound material with coloring agent and reducing agent effects, and preparation and application of the material in the fields of pyrotechnic compositions, fireworks and crackers and the like. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing fumaric acid and barium carbonate or barium oxide or barium hydroxide, and heating an aqueous solution to prepare barium fumarate; furthermore, the barium fumarate can be fully mixed with selected other substances to prepare a green pyrotechnic composition, and the green pyrotechnic composition is applied to fireworks and crackers and other fields; in addition, the barium fumarate is mixed with other selected substances, a small amount of perchlorate can be selectively added and fully mixed to prepare non-pyrotechnic composition or pyrotechnic composition substances in various geometrical shapes, and then the substances are placed in handheld, ground and air (including aircrafts) devices or equipment to be used for preparing the non-pyrotechnic composition or pyrotechnic composition. The non-pyrotechnic composition and the pyrotechnic composition substance can be ignited according to the electronic heating principle, and green light is emitted through combustion for color development.

The invention relates to the technical field of solid propellants, and particularly discloses a solid propellant containing liquid metal, which comprises the following components by mass: 10%-20% of an adhesive system; 10%-50% of an oxidizing agent; 20-70% of a cooling agent; 2%-8% of liquid metal; 0%-2% of a combustion regulator; and 0.5%-2% of a performance regulator. The solid propellant containing the liquid metal is obtained by bonding and loading the liquid metal particles on a three-dimensional network structure of an adhesive system, the liquid metal particles with metal embrittlement ability are released after the propellant is combusted, and a new way is expected to be provided for the solid propellant integrating a propelling function and a damage function.