281 results about "Pyrotechnic composition" patented technology

A method for extinguishing fire, wherein a gas an aerosol mixture is fed into a space includes steps of igniting a pyrotechnic composition that ensures a predetermined temperature profile during burning and a predetermined composition of the gas and aerosol mixture completely oxidizing the combustion products of incomplete combustion of the pyrotechnic composition by causing them to pass through a bed of catalytically active substances, which is located in the zone of the maximum temperature of the temperature profile of combustion of the pyrotechnic composition, with the temperature remaining constant by redistribution of said profile; cooling the combustion products and completely oxidizing them by reacting with substances having high heat absorbing capacity, concurrently with the filtering of the combustion products according to composition of the gas phase and particle size of the aerosol phase. An apparatus for extinguishing fire, having a casing (1) that has a discharge port (2), a combustion chamber (3) that is accommodated in the casing (1) and heat insulated from the walls of the casing (1), a pyrotechnic composition (4) and an igniter (5) that are received in the combustion chamber, a cooling section (9) and a complete catalytic oxidation section (6) that has a pair of spaced metal gratings (8a, 8b) between which a catalytically active substance is placed and that is located at a fixed distance from the pyrotechnic composition (4). A compensation device (10) is provided for maintaining the above-mentioned fixed distance during the burning of the pyrotechnic composition (4).

The invention discloses a preparation method for fluororubber cladding nanometer aluminum powder composite particles. The preparation method comprises the following steps that the silane coupling agent with the mass being 5-15% that of nanometer aluminum powder is used for modifying the nanometer aluminum powder; fluororubber with the mass being 5-20% that of the modified nanometer aluminum powder is selected and used, a solvent-nonsolvent method is used for conveying cladding modifying on the nanometer aluminum powder modified by the coupling agent, nanometer aluminum powder / fluororubber composite particles are prepared, and the composite particles are of a core-shell structure; the cladding layer fluororubber can postpone the normal temperature oxidation of the nanometer aluminum powder, and the high temperature oxidation rate and heat release rate of the nanometer aluminum powder are significantly improved. The preparation method for the fluororubber cladding nanometer aluminum powder composite particles can effectively prevent the oxidation of the nanometer aluminum powder, keep the activity of the nanometer aluminum powder, overcome the influence of non-formula composition or inert composition cladding nanometer aluminum powder on the comprehensive performance of pyrotechnic composition and propellant, and improve the compatibility between the nanometer aluminum powder and pyrotechnic composition, propellant and the like.

A material for a pyrotechnic composition and related pyrotechnic compositions are provided in which the material includes a substituted basic metal nitrate including a reaction product of an acidic organic compound and a basic metal nitrate. A method for enhancing a burn rate of a gas generant composition and a burn rate enhanced gas generant composition including a reaction product of basic metal nitrate and tetrazoles, tetrazole derivatives, and combinations thereof, and a nitrogen-containing co-fuel such as guanidine nitrate are also disclosed. The burn rate enhance gas generant composition may optionally include an additional oxidizer such as basic copper nitrate.

The present invention is directed to a lead-free, nontoxic pyrotechnic composition, comprising: 30-80 wt % of bismuth subnitrate; and 10-50 wt % of a fuel, wherein all weight percents are based on the total weight of the composition. The present invention is also directed to a lead-free, nontoxic priming composition, comprising: 20-80 wt % of the above nontoxic pyrotechnic composition; 20-50 wt % of an initiator explosive; and 2-10 wt % of a sensitizer, wherein all weight percents are based on the total weight of the composition.

A portable fire extinguishing device capable of suppressing a fire in a room or other enclosed area comprises a housing containing a pyrotechnic composition and a delay fuze. Upon initiation, the pyrotechnic composition burns and generates combustion byproducts that include an inorganic halogen compound that is dispersed as a aerosol of fine particles, or a gas that rapidly condenses into an aerosol of fine particles, the particle size of which is so small that the free-fall velocity of the particles is less than the average air currents in the room. Accordingly, the fire suppression aerosol remains suspended for several hours to act as a fire suppressant and because of its persistence will seek out and suppress even hidden fires.

The present invention generally relates to gas generant compositions for inflators of occupant restraint systems, for example. An extrudable pyrotechnic composition includes polyvinylazoles for use within an airbag gas generator. The fuel may be selected from exemplary polyvinylazoles including 5-amino-1-vinyltetrazole, poly(5-vinyltetrazole), poly(2-methyl-5-vinyl) tetrazole, poly(1-vinyl) tetrazole, poly(3-vinyl) 1,2,5 oxadiazole, and poly(3-vinyl) 1,2,4-triazole. An oxidizer is combined with the fuel and preferably contains phase stabilized ammonium nitrate. A novel method of forming the compositions is also presented wherein the various constituents are wetted and / or dissolved, and then cured within the polyvinylazole matrix thereby forming a more intimate combination within the gas generant composition. A vehicle occupant protection system 180, and other gas generating systems, incorporate the compositions of the present invention.

The invention discloses an automatic pyrotechnic composition charging system. Through reasonable layout of the procedures of the pyrotechnic composition charging process according to the characteristics of automation and mechanization, and in combination with the manufacturing practice of initiators and pyrotechnics, the design method of the automatic pyrotechnic composition charging system is explored out, the utility system composition with sound functions is planned, a series of single procedure equipment and test method and equipment suitable for automatic pyrotechnic composition charging process are developed, and the single procedure mechanical equipment is assembled to form an automatic flow production line. The burdensome manual work is replaced by automatic production, so as to greatly improve the safety and efficiency of fireworks production, and highly promote the updating and upgrading of the traditional fireworks industry.

The invention discloses a sulfur-free and pearlite-free firecracker reagent and a preparation method thereof. The reagent comprises the following mass components: 35-65 percent of A component and 35-65 percent of B component, wherein the A component comprises the mass compositions: a mixture formed by 20-50 percent of potassium perchlorate, 0-30 percent of potassium nitrate and 30-50 percent of barium nitrate and a complexing agent occupying 1-5 percent of the mixture, and the B component comprises the mass compositions: 50-80 percent of aluminum powder, 10-25 percent of charcoal powder and 10-25 percent of organic foaming powder. The burning rate of a firecracker prepared from the reagent is more than 98 percent, the sound level value is no less than 100dB and is no more than 140dB, the time the gas product pressure rises from 0.69MPa to 2.07MPa is 1.74ms, a pH value of the pyrotechnic composition is 5-9, the moisture is no more than 1.5 percent, the hygroscopicity is no more than 2.0 percent, the thermal stability is 75 DEG C plus / minus 2 DEG C, the firecracker has no decomposition phenomenon under the condition of 48h, the friction sensitivity is no more than 40 percent, and the impact sensitivity of the pyrotechnic composition is no more than 0 percent. The key is that the reagent reduces the environmental pollution without harm to human bodies and has great application prospect.

The invention discloses a low-combustion-temperature-carrier-based pyrotechnic composition preparation method. According to the present invention, the oxidizing agent, the combustible agent and the binder in the existing pyrotechnic composition formula are subjected to separate and mixing granulation to form a large number of prefabricated high temperature combustion mass points, the functional additive is dispersed among the high temperature combustion mass points after the functional additive is cladded or embedded by an energetic material, the energetic material cladded functional additive can rapidly transfer fire during combustion, and can rapidly separate from the combustion interface and enter the flame during the intense combustion of the high temperature combustion mass points so as to form the low combustion temperature flame carrier; and with the preparation method, the functional additive can be directly carried to the flame zone, such that the flame temperature can be easily and ideally controlled.

A safe environment-friendly novel pyrotechnic composition is used as a powdery colorful flower-forming spray composition, and comprises the compositions in parts by weight: 20-50 parts of a high-energy oxidizing agent, 30-60 parts of nitrocellulose, 1-15 parts of a colouring agent, 1-15 parts of a combustible effect agent, 1-10 parts of an adhesive, and 1-10 parts of a stabilizing agent. A preparation technology for the novel pyrotechnic composition is simple, the pyrotechnic composition prepared by employing the above formula is relatively low in friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity, far higher in chemical stability and safety than those of other pyrotechnic compositions, slightly smoky and environment-friendly after being combusted, and is widely applicable to various pyrotechnic composition products.

A pyrotechnic display device configured to ignite solid pyrotechnic compositions or aerial shells within a launch tube prior to propelling them on a desired arc. A smokeless pyrotechnic propelling charge is disposed within the launch tube below the solid pyrotechnic compositions, and separated therefrom. An ignition source is disposed in operative relationship to the pyrotechnic compositions or aerial shells, which are ignited prior to ignition of the smokeless pyrotechnic propelling charge.

The invention discloses a nano-composite energetic material. The nano-composite energetic material is prepared through the steps that CL-20 and NC are taken as raw materials and then dissolved in weak-polar solvent according to the mass ratio (0.1-3):1 of the CL-20 to the NC to be prepared into a transparent solution, an isocyanate curing agent and a composite catalyst of T-12 and TEDA are added to form wet gel, the solvent is removed through supercritical drying after the wet gel is aged, and then the aerogel-state nano-composite energetic material is obtained. The prepared composite energetic material has the nano-structure, is higher in energy and activity and lower in sensitivity, has the good prospect on the aspects of improving the security feature and energy releasing efficiency of energetic components and the like and can be applied to the fields of high-energy density materials such as solid propellants, explosives and powders and pyrotechnic compositions.

Methods of making and resultant compositions thereof, which include a gas generant having a coating including an inorganic combustion inhibitor. Such coated gas generants are useful in pyrotechnic compositions and ignition materials, and may be employed, for example, in inflatable restraint systems. The ratio of coated and uncoated gas generant bodies within an airbag inflator may be tailored to provide S-curve inflation performance. Spray application of aqueous mixture including the combustion inhibitor onto the gas generant body provides a rapid way to achieve a thin but robust coating.

This invention is for an improved sparkler which has the feature of being self-igniting. The sparkler comprises a rod 12 having one end which functions as a handle 14. Adjacent to the handle 14 on the rod 12 and extending generally along the remaining length of the rod 12 is a pyrotechnic composition coating 16. Bonded to the pyrotechnic composition coating 16 at a point furthest from the handle 14 is a self-igniting match head tip 18. When the match head tip 18 is struck against a suitable surface, ignition occurs and the sparkler's display begins. This self-ignition feature distinguishes the invention from the sparklers currently available which require heat or flame from an external source to be applied to the sparkler to cause ignition.

The invention discloses a flower-spraying pyrotechnic composition with composite effects. The flower-spraying pyrotechnic composition comprises the following components in weight portion: 30 to 60 portions of potassium perchlorate, 8 to 20 portions of magnalium, 5 to 25 portions of strontium carbonate, 5 to 15 portions of polyvinyl chloride, hexachlorobenzene or chlorinated paraffin, 2 to 15 portions of phenolic resin and 10 to 20 portions of 40 to 60 mesh aluminum dross. A flower-spraying product manufactured according to the formulation of the invention can simultaneously and compositely reveal the effects of slowly burning, landing, flowering and showing red light, and is stable in performance and suitable for industrialized batch production.

The invention discloses an application of a flame retardant dicyandiamide in a pyrotechnic composition. 5-30% of 100 mesh or above powdery dicyandiamide obtained by crushing is added to the pyrotechnic composition, water is used as a dilution solvent, a colored luminescent aster capable of reducing the combustion rate and prolonging the flashing time is prepared through a routine bright bead processing method, and the pattern of the bursting flower of the colored luminescent aster in air can be changed; and the pyrotechnic composition obtained by using the dicyandiamide as a flame retardant without changing the composition compatibility and the processing technology of existing pyrotechnic composition mixtures has the advantages of low sensitivity, high safety coefficient, no moisture absorption and good stability, and can be widely used in photochromic pyrotechnic compositions of various firework products.

The present invention generally relates to gas generant compositions for inflators of occupant restraint systems, for example. An extrudable pyrotechnic composition includes polyvinylazoles for use within an airbag gas generator. The fuel may be selected from exemplary polyvinylazoles including 5-amino-1-vinyltetrazole, poly(5-vinyltetrazole), poly(2-methyl-5-vinyl)tetrazole, poly(1-vinyl)tetrazole, poly(3-vinyl)1,2,5 oxadiazole, and poly(3-vinyl)1,2,4-triazole. An oxidizer is combined with the fuel and preferably contains phase stabilized ammonium nitrate.

The invention relates to a pyrotechnic composition, and especially relates to a sulfur-free firework propellant. The sulfur-free firework propellant is composed of 60-75 parts of potassium perchlorate, 10-20 parts of charcoal, 10-20 parts of potassium biphthalate and 5-10 parts of resin. Compared with the prior art, the sulfur-free firework propellant has the following advantages that 1)while combusting, the combustion products is potassium chloride, carbon dioxide and water, nitrogen, sulfur and harmful forbidden drugs are not contained, atmosphere pollution is greatly reduced, and environmental protection performance is provided; 2)safety performance can satisfy the national standard requirement; 3)moisture resistance is good, the medicament is stable, long-term (in five years) storage performance is normal; and 4) economy is good, and the popularization and application are easy.

Methods for making a pressed monolithic gas generant for an inflatable restraint device (for example, an airbag system for a vehicle) are provided. The methods include admixing a gas generant material with a ballistic performance modifier to form a mixture. The mixture is granulated. Then, a pressed monolithic gas generant grain is formed by applying pressure to the granulated mixture, where the grain has an actual density of at least about 95% of the maximum theoretical density. The pressure may be applied in a controlled manner to both side of the gas generant material in a die cavity, and removing formed grain from die cavity while maintaining some pressure to both sides of the grain, thereby further improving various pyrotechnic properties. The methods of the disclosure provide pyrotechnic compositions that are economical to manufacture, have improved burn rate, combustion profile, effluent quality, strength, durability, and integrity of the grain, while having a consistent shape between different production lots.

An impact initiated pyrotechnic target is shown in the form of a thin metal disc. The disc is manufactured using a shell casing in the form of a metal disk having a flat, round exposed disc surface and a circumscribing cylindrical lip. The lip extends upwardly past the exposed disc surface and is turned in on a radius. The exposed surface of the disk inside the periphery of the cylindrical lip is coated with a pyrotechnic composition coating layer which can be initiated by the impact of an inert projectile. A cardboard lid is snapped into place over the exposed disc surface and is held in place by the turned-in periphery of the cylindrical lip of the disc.

The invention provides a pyrotechnic agent of thermal pipe cutter and its producing technique. It is basically composed of thermite and gas-forming agent in weight percents of 70%-90% and 5%-30%, respectively. The thermite is composed of Al and Fe2O3, and the gas-forming agent is mixture of potassium permanganate and activated carbon, teflon or nitrocotton. The thermite reacts and produces high temperature and the gas-forming agent is decomposed into gas stage product all with this, thus forming the inner pressure for spraying fused metal flow. Its producing technique: firstly mix the thermite and gas-forming agent uniformly; then putting the mixture in a mould for compression molding to make a columnar body with a hole in the center, namely the outer layer of the pyrotechnic agent; finally, placing the mixture of thermite and gas-forming agent in the central hole, which is the inner layer, and making the inner-layer density less than the outer-layer density. Its advantages: use safety and transporting convenience.

The invention relates to a high pressure gas impact-loading safety performance test method for an energetic material in the field of technical detection of explosives and powders, a pyrotechnic composition and a solid-liquid propellant. The method comprises the following test steps: sample preparation, condition selection, detection implementation and data processing. During sample preparation, dosage of liquid and powder samples is 100 mg, and a solid sample is made into a tablet of phi 10 mm*3 mm. Selected equipment includes a high pressure gas generator, a high pressure gas release device and a gas pressure detector. According to the high pressure gas generator, a low-temperature gas generant is adopted for fast combustion so as to provide high pressure gas for the test. The maximum pressure deviation of gas generated by the testing device is + / - 0.25 Mpa. During detection implementation, gas pressure value of a tested sample with 50% explosive probability or the minimum explosive gas pressure value of the tested sample is measured. During data processing, critical explosive gas pressure value is calculated according to the mathematical statistics method. The invention has advantages of simple method, reliable data and good test reproducibility.

The invention discloses a measurement method for the content of magnesium and the content of aluminium in a main component of pyrotechnic composition for fireworks and crackers. The measurement method comprises the following steps: (1) taking inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrometer as a detecting instrument, selecting 279.0nm as a characteristic spectral line for detecting Mg element, and selecting 256.7nm or 237.3nm as a characteristic spectral line for detecting Al element; respectively making a Mg-element calibration curve and a Al-element calibration curve; and (2) preparing pyrotechnic composition sample liquid, detecting on a computer, displaying the characteristic spectral intensity on a recording instrument, reading a mass concentration value corresponding to Mg or Al according to the determined calibration curve by the characteristic spectral intensity; and calculating the mass percent concentration of elementary magnesium or aluminium according to the specific formula. The measurement method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that method is simple and the detection period is short; and the characteristic spectral line is adopted for detection by combination with the sample treatment method, the recovery rate is high (99.85%-103.07%) and the precision is high,.

The invention provides a novel handle type hand-throwing ring-pulling percussion fire extinguishing bomb. The novel handle type hand-throwing ring-pulling percussion fire extinguishing bomb comprisesa central cylinder, a pull ring, a copper wire tension spring and a spare lead. The central cylinder is internally provided with a fire pulling cap, an ignition lead and a pyrotechnic composition, a copper core ignition agent is arranged in the fire pulling cap, a handle is formed in the upper end of the central cylinder, and a shell is arranged at the lower end of the central cylinder in a sleeving mode. Fire-extinguishing powders are arranged between the shell and the central cylinder, the pull ring is fixed to one end of the copper wire tension spring, and the other end of the copper wire tension spring passes through the top wall of the central cylinder and a friction part accommodated in the fire pulling cap is formed. One end of the ignition lead is close to the fire pulling cap, andthe other end of the ignition lead is connected with the pyrotechnic composition. One end of the spare lead is close to the ignition lead, and the other end of the spare lead is extended by attachingthe top wall of the central cylinder. According to the novel handle type hand-throwing ring-pulling percussion fire extinguishing bomb, the spare lead is arranged, the spare lead can be ignited by direct fire or ignited by a site high temperature burning method, the spare lead is matched with a pull ring percussion device to form double insurance to ensure the ignition blasting ratio, and non-explosive situations are reduced.

The present invention is directed to a lead-free, nontoxic pyrotechnic composition, comprising: 30-80 wt % of bismuth subnitrate; and 10-50 wt % of a fuel, wherein all weight percents are based on the total weight of the composition. The present invention is also directed to a lead-free, nontoxic priming composition, comprising: 20-80 wt % of the above nontoxic pyrotechnic composition; 20-50 wt % of an initiator explosive; and 2-10 wt % of a sensitizer, wherein all weight percents are based on the total weight of the composition.

The invention discloses a pyrotechnic composition drying system. The pyrotechnic composition drying system comprises an air source heat pump and a drying room, wherein an auxiliary evaporator is further arranged between a throttling device of the air source heat pump and a main evaporator; a heat exchanger is arranged between a fresh air supplementing channel and a dehumidification channel; humid and hot air in the dehumidification channel sequentially passes through the heat exchanger and the auxiliary evaporator and then enters a main evaporator chamber; an air inlet of the drying room is formed in the upper part of the drying room, and an air outlet of the drying room is formed in the lower part of the drying room; a top-to-bottom circulation mode of the hot air is formed in the drying room. The pyrotechnic composition drying system serves as a special drying system applicable to firework pyrotechnic compositions and has the advantages of better safety, energy conservation and environmental friendliness.