Low-combustion-temperature oxygen-deficient high-pressure-index fuel-rich gas generating agent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-combustion-temperature oxygen-deficient high-pressure-index rich-combustion fuel gas generating agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50-70% of an oxidizing agent; 12%-30% of hydrocarbon solid fuel; 0-2.5% of a combustion rate regulator; 9%-17% of an adhesive; 0-3.5% of a plasticizer; and 0.7-1.3% of a curing agent. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the fuel gas generating agent. According to the low-combustion-temperature oxygen-poor type high-pressure-index rich-combustion gas generating agent, the gas temperature ranges from 1100 K to 1600 K, the pressure index ranges from 0.5 to 0.8, the oxygen coefficient ranges from 0.3 to 0.45, the total molar ratio of rich-combustion gas ranges from 60% to 84.8%, rich-combustion gas is provided for a rotary detonation engine, and a power source is provided for a solid attitude and orbit control engine.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a low-burning temperature lean oxygen type high pressure index rich fuel gas generating agent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of solid propellant formula design. BACKGROUND

[0002] The rotating detonation engine is a power device that uses one or more rotating detonation waves to produce thrust in a continuous rotating propagation in an annular combustion chamber. Compared with conventional engines, it has the characteristics of high-efficiency thermodynamic cycle, and can theoretically achieve greater specific impulse. It has the characteristics of fast combustion speed, which can greatly shorten the engine structure length, continuous and stable thrust, and wide application scenarios. Based on the above characteristics, the rotating detonation technology is expected to provide more efficient and reliable power source for spacecraft, and has broad application prospects.

[0003] In order to support the high-frequency continuous propagation of the rotating detonation wave and the accurate and rapid response of the attitude control engine, it is required that the solid gas generating agent has the characteristics of large gas production, low burning temperature, high molar ratio of rich fuel gas, high pressure index, lean oxygen, etc. At present, there is no public report on high pressure index lean oxygen type high molar ratio rich fuel gas solid gas generating agent in China. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to overcome the above-mentioned defects, provide a low-burning temperature lean oxygen type high pressure index rich fuel gas generating agent and a preparation method thereof, and solve the technical problem of the lack of existing pressure index lean oxygen type high molar ratio rich fuel gas solid gas generating agent. The gas temperature of the low-burning temperature lean oxygen type high pressure index rich fuel gas generating agent is 1100K-1600K, the pressure index is 0.5-0.8, the oxygen coefficient is 0.3-0.45, and the total molar ratio of active rich fuel gas is 60%-84.8%. It provides rich fuel gas for rotating detonation engine and power source for solid attitude control engine.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned application purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme:

[0006] A low-burning temperature lean oxygen type high pressure index rich fuel gas generating agent, comprising the following components by mass percentage:

[0007]

[0008] Further, the oxidizing agent is composed of different particle sizes, specifically including 1 μm ultra-fine oxidizing agent, 5 μm fine oxidizing agent, 100 mesh oxidizing agent or 80 mesh oxidizing agent, 2-4 kinds of which are selected;

[0009] The oxidizing agent is one or more of ammonium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate or ammonium nitrate.

[0010] Further, the hydrocarbon solid fuel is one or more of naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, melamine, octogold or hexogen.

[0011] Further, the burning rate modifier is one or more of ferric oxide, n-octyl ferrocene or 2,2-bis(ethyl ferrocene) propane;

[0012] When the burning rate modifier is n-octyl ferrocene or 2,2-bis(ethyl ferrocene) propane, the mass percentage is 0-2.5%;

[0013] When the burning rate modifier is ferric oxide, the mass percentage is 0-2%.

[0014] Further, the binder is hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene;

[0015] The plasticizer is one or more of diisooctyl sebacate or dibutyl phthalate.

[0016] Further, the curing agent is one or more of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate or polyfunctional aliphatic diisocyanate.

[0017] Further, the oxygen coefficient of the gas generating agent formula is 0.3-0.45;

[0018] The gas production of the fuel-rich gas generating agent is 905L / kg-1148L / kg, and the gas production increases first and then decreases with the increase of the mass percentage of the hydrocarbon solid fuel;

[0019] In the gas generated by the fuel-rich gas generating agent, the molar percentage of active fuel-rich gas is 60%-84.8%;

[0020] The composition of the active fuel-rich gas includes CO, H2 and CH4;

[0021] The gas temperature generated by the gas generating agent is 1100K-1600K, and the gas temperature decreases with the increase of the mass percentage of the hydrocarbon solid fuel;

[0022] The pressure index of the gas generating agent is 0.5-0.8.

[0023] Further, when the gas temperature requirement of the gas generating agent is 1100K-1400K, the oxidizing agent is ammonium nitrate, and the hydrocarbon solid fuel is melamine or anthracene;

[0024] When the gas temperature requirement of the gas generating agent is 1400K-1600K, the oxidizing agent is ammonium perchlorate, and the hydrocarbon solid fuel is melamine or anthracene.

[0025] Further, when the linear burning rate of the gas generating agent is less than 20mm / s, the burning rate modifier is n-octyl ferrocene;

[0026] When the linear combustion rate of the gas generating agent is greater than 20 mm / s and less than 45 mm / s, the burning rate regulator is a mixture of n-octyl ferrocene and iron oxide.

[0027] The preparation method of the low-burning-temperature lean-oxygen high-pressure-index rich-burning gas generating agent described above comprises:

[0028] S1 mixing the oxidizing agent, the hydrocarbon solid fuel, the burning rate regulator, the binder, the plasticizer and the curing agent at 45 DEG C to 60 DEG C for 90 min to 120 min to obtain a thin slurry;

[0029] S2 pouring the thin slurry into a mold or an engine through vacuum spraying and curing at 50 DEG C to 60 DEG C for 5 to 8 days;

[0030] S3 removing the mold or the engine core mold and mechanically shaping the obtained product to obtain the gas generating agent;

[0031] The types and mass ratios of the oxidizing agent and the hydrocarbon solid fuel are determined according to the gas temperature requirement, and the type and amount of the burning rate regulator are determined according to the mass flow requirement of the generated gas.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present application has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0033] (1) The present application selects appropriate types of oxidizing agent and solid hydrocarbon fuel, and controls the ratio of the oxidizing agent and the solid hydrocarbon fuel, which is beneficial to reduce the temperature of the gas and the molar ratio of the active rich-burning gas;

[0034] (2) The present application gives the optimal type and mass percentage of the burning rate regulator, controls the mass percentage of the burning rate regulator to meet the requirement of different gas generation rates, and realizes accurate control;

[0035] (4) The preparation method of the present application has the advantages of simplicity, high gas production, low development cost, etc., and is suitable for engineering development;

[0036] (5) The low-burning-temperature lean-oxygen high-pressure-index rich-burning gas generating agent of the present application has the advantages of low gas temperature, high total molar ratio of active rich-burning gas and clean gas, etc.

[0037] (6) The low-burning-temperature lean-oxygen high-pressure-index rich-burning gas generating agent of the present application has a high pressure index and can be self-adaptively adjusted with the pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a photo of the ground static test of the Φ165 engine of the low-burning-temperature lean-oxygen high-pressure-index rich-burning gas generating agent obtained in Example 1 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2The burning rate diagram of the low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure index, and high-mole-ratio fuel-rich gas generating agent obtained from the low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure index, and high-mole-ratio fuel-rich gas generating agent of Example 1 under different pressures;

[0040] Figure 3 The burning temperature of the low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure index, and high-mole-ratio fuel-rich gas generating agent with different melamine contents obtained by using the formula of Example 1;

[0041] Figure 4 The gas production of the low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure index, and high-mole-ratio fuel-rich gas generating agent with different melamine contents obtained by using the formula of Example 1;

[0042] Figure 5 The mole ratio of active small molecule gases under different solid carbon and hydrogen fuel conditions of the low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure index, and high-mole-ratio fuel-rich gas generating agent of Example 1 and Example 3, wherein Figure 5 (a) the mole ratio of active small molecule gases in the gas obtained by using the formula of Example 1 with different melamine contents; Figure 5 (b) the mole ratio of active small molecule gases in the gas obtained by using the formula of Example 3 with different anthracene contents. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The characteristics and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the application.

[0044] The term "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. Although various aspects of an implementation can be described herein as being a preferred aspect or preferred implementation, no aspect or implementation described herein is required unless specifically recited by the appended claims.

[0045] The present application provides a low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure index, and high-mole-ratio fuel-rich gas generating agent, which can be applied to a solid rotary detonation engine and a solid attitude control engine. The low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure index, and high-mole-ratio fuel-rich gas generating agent is a high-pressure index, high-mole-ratio active small molecule fuel-rich gas generating agent. The total mole ratio of active fuel-rich gas in the gas generated by the fuel gas generating agent prepared by the method reaches 60% to 84.8%, and the fuel gas generating agent has a self-adaptive ability of pressure control adjustment and can be implemented in engineering applications.

[0046] The present application can provide fuel-rich gas for a rotary detonation engine and a power source for a solid attitude control engine. The combustion products of the fuel gas generating agent have high gas production, and the total mole ratio of active fuel-rich gas in the products is high, which can support the detonation of the rotary detonation engine. The fuel gas generating agent has high pressure index and clean gas, can quickly respond to the self-adaptive adjustment technology of the attitude control engine, and can achieve the quality flow rate control adjustment of the gas.

[0047] Based on the application scenarios and specific requirements of the research and development task, this invention, through theoretical calculations, clarifies the types and amounts of oxidizer and solid hydrocarbon fuel in the gas generator formulation. The oxidizer is selected from one or more combinations of ammonium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, and ammonium nitrate; the solid hydrocarbon fuel is a high-heat sink fuel, selected from one or more combinations of naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, melamine, octogen, and RDX. The components of the low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-intensity-index fuel-rich gas generator formulation also include binder: 9%–17%, curing agent: 0.7%–1.3%, plasticizer: 0%–3.5%, etc. The components are weighed according to the proportions and added sequentially to a vertical mixer according to the manufacturing process to obtain a slurry. The slurry is poured into a specific mold or combustion chamber, cured, and then shaped to obtain an engine product or sample with a predetermined combustion surface, which can then be used for specific applications.

[0048] This invention prepares oxygen-deficient gas generators with different combustion temperatures and molar ratios by selecting the types of oxidant and hydrocarbon fuels and adjusting the mass ratio of hydrocarbon fuels to oxidant and the mass percentage of combustion rate regulator, which can be applied to engineering installations.

[0049] A method for preparing a low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator, comprising:

[0050] S1 selects the type and mass ratio of oxidant and hydrocarbon solid fuel according to the gas temperature requirements in the research and development task book;

[0051] S2 selects the type and amount of combustion rate regulator in the formula according to the mass flow rate requirements of the gas produced;

[0052] S3 weighs the determined components, such as oxidant, hydrocarbon solid fuel, combustion rate modifier, binder, plasticizer and curing agent, according to a specific ratio;

[0053] S4 adds the weighed materials to the vertical mixer according to the manufacturing process and mixes them at a temperature of 45℃~60℃ for about 90min~120min to obtain a slurry.

[0054] S5 pours the slurry into the mold or engine through vacuum spraying, and then places it in an oil bath oven at about 50℃~60℃ to cure for 5~8 days;

[0055] S6 removes the mold or engine core mold, and then obtains the engine product or sample with the predetermined combustion surface through mechanical shaping.

[0056] S7 will mechanically shape engine products or samples to obtain a predetermined combustion surface for engine operation in specific scenarios.

[0057] Furthermore, in step S1, the oxidant in the formulation is composed of 2 to 4 different particle size gradations, including 1 μm ultrafine oxidant, 5 μm fine oxidant, 100 mesh oxidant, and 80 mesh oxidant, with a mass percentage of 50% to 70%, and is one or more of ammonium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, and ammonium nitrate.

[0058] Furthermore, in step S1, the solid hydrocarbon fuel in the formulation has a mass percentage of 12% to 30%, and is one or more of naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, melamine, octogen and rDX.

[0059] The oxygen coefficient of the gas generator formulation is 0.3 to 0.45.

[0060] Furthermore, in step S2, the combustion rate regulators iron oxide, n-octylferrocene, and 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane in the formulation are used in combination with one or more of these.

[0061] The amount of n-octylferrocene or 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane is 0-2.5%, and the amount of iron oxide is 0-2%.

[0062] Furthermore, in step S3, the adhesive in the formulation has a mass percentage of 9% to 17% and is hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene.

[0063] Furthermore, in step S3, the curing agent in the formulation has a mass percentage of 0.7-1.3%, and is one or more of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and polyfunctional aliphatic diisocyanate.

[0064] Furthermore, in step S3, the plasticizer in the formulation is one or more of diisooctyl sebacate and dibutyl phthalate.

[0065] Furthermore, in step S1, the total molar ratio of active gas in the fuel-rich gas produced in one operation of the formula is 60% to 84.8%, and the active fuel-rich gas mainly consists of CO, H2 and CH4, etc., with a total gas production of 905 L / kg to 1148 L / kg.

[0066] Furthermore, in step S7, the product or sample obtained in step S6 can be used for a specific application scenario to achieve the design objective.

[0067] S7.1 The use of fuel-rich gas generated by the gas generator can achieve high-efficiency kinetic energy output of the solid rotary detonation engine, forming a high-efficiency power form;

[0068] S7.2 utilizes the low combustion temperature and clean combustion gas of the gas generator to enable the operation of solid attitude control engines, forming a highly efficient power form.

[0069] A low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator is obtained using the method described above. The low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator has a burning temperature of 1100K–1600K, a pressure index of 0.5–0.8, a gas production rate of 905L / kg–1148L / kg, and a total molar proportion of active fuel-rich gas of 60%–84.8%. It provides fuel-rich gas for rotary detonation engines and a power source for solid rocket motors.

[0070] Example:

[0071] This invention addresses the application requirements of solid rotary detonation engines and solid attitude control engines by providing a low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-intensity-index fuel-rich gas generator. This gas generator is inexpensive, easy to manufacture, produces a high molar number of fuel-rich gases, and produces clean gases. Furthermore, it can adaptively adjust with pressure to meet the needs of different application scenarios.

[0072] The technical solution of this invention involves first conducting theoretical calculations on the gas generator formulation to address the technical requirements of gas temperature, gas production rate, and the molar mass ratio of active rich gas, thus clarifying the types and mass fractions of oxidizer and solid hydrocarbon fuel, and determining the total mass fraction of solid filler. Secondly, based on the requirements of gas mass flow rate, gas production rate, and operating pressure, the type and content of the combustion rate regulator, as well as the particle size distribution of the oxidizer, are further clarified. Finally, following the preparation process, the gas generator is manufactured into an engine product or sample with a predetermined shape. The specific design method is as follows:

[0073] A. Based on the requirements of gas temperature and active rich gas, select the type and mass percentage of oxidant and solid hydrocarbon fuel in the gas generator. The mass percentage of oxidant is 50% to 70%, and the mass percentage of solid hydrocarbon fuel is 12% to 30%. In this step, controlling the mass ratio of oxidant to solid hydrocarbon fuel is beneficial to reducing the temperature of the gas and the molar ratio of active rich gas.

[0074] B. Based on the requirements of gas production rate and mass flow rate, select the type and mass percentage of the combustion rate regulator in the gas generator. The amount of n-octylferrocene or 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane is 0-2.5%, and the amount of iron oxide is 0-2%. In this step, the mass percentage of the combustion rate regulator is controlled to meet the requirements of different gas production rates, so as to achieve precise control.

[0075] C. The adhesive comprises 9%–17% by weight, the curing agent comprises 0.7%–1.3% by weight, and the plasticizer comprises 0%–3.5% by weight.

[0076] D. Weigh the above components according to the proportions and add them sequentially to a vertical mixer according to the manufacturing process. Mix at a temperature of 45℃~60℃ for about 90min~120min to obtain a slurry.

[0077] E. The slurry is poured into the mold or engine through vacuum spraying, and then placed in an oil bath oven at about 50℃~60℃ for 5~8 days to cure, thus obtaining a cured and shaped gas generator blank.

[0078] F. After removing the aforementioned molds or engine core molds, the engine product or sample with a predetermined shape is obtained through mechanical shaping.

[0079] The oxidant is preferably one or a mixture of ammonium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, and ammonium nitrate; the solid hydrocarbon fuel is preferably one or a mixture of naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, melamine, octogen, and RDX; the burn rate regulator in the formulation is one or a mixture of iron oxide, n-octylferrocene, and 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane; the binder is hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene; the curing agent is preferably one or a mixture of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and polyfunctional aliphatic diisocyanate; the plasticizer is one or a mixture of diisooctyl sebacate and dibutyl phthalate.

[0080] More preferably, when the required gas temperature is 1100K to 1400K, ammonium nitrate is selected as the oxidant, and melamine or anthracene is selected as the hydrocarbon fuel; the mass fraction of ammonium nitrate, melamine, and anthracene can be adjusted appropriately according to different combustion temperatures.

[0081] More preferably, when the required gas temperature is 1400K to 1600K, ammonium perchlorate is selected as the oxidant, and melamine or anthracene is selected as the hydrocarbon fuel; the mass fraction of ammonium perchlorate, melamine, and anthracene can be adjusted appropriately according to different combustion temperatures.

[0082] More preferably, when the linear combustion rate of the gas generator is less than 20 mm / s, the combustion rate regulator is n-octylferrocene; when the linear combustion rate of the gas generator is greater than 20 mm / s and less than 45 mm / s, the combustion rate regulator is a mixture of n-octylferrocene and iron oxide.

[0083] More preferably, toluene diisocyanate is selected as the curing agent and diisooctyl sebacate is selected as the plasticizer. The mass percentages of toluene diisocyanate and diisooctyl sebacate can be adjusted appropriately according to the mechanical and process performance requirements.

[0084] This invention also evaluated the working performance of a low-burning-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-strength fuel-rich propellant in a ground static test on a Φ165 standard test engine. The components, with determined mass percentages, were weighed in sequence and prepared according to the manufacturing process. The propellant was then poured into a Φ165 standard test engine for curing and shaping. Finally, the combustion characteristics of the propellant were assessed through a ground static test on a Φ165 standard test engine.

[0085] Optimizing the type and mass percentage of oxidant and hydrocarbon solid fuel in the gas generator is one of the key technologies for controlling the gas temperature and the total molar ratio of fuel-rich gas in the gas generator. Similarly, optimizing the type and dosage of the combustion rate regulator is one of the core technologies for controlling the gas generation rate and pressure index of the gas generator. Compared with existing technologies, the design method and preparation process of this invention are simple, cost-controllable, produce controllable gas temperature, high gas production, and clean gas, making it applicable to a wide range of scenarios and possessing engineering feasibility.

[0086] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the embodiments.

[0087] Example 1

[0088] Based on the requirements for gas production, gas temperature, and reactive, fuel-rich gas, the types of oxidizer and solid hydrocarbon fuel in the gas generator formulation were initially selected, a suitable combustion rate regulator was chosen, and the types of curing agent and plasticizer were determined. Next, theoretical calculations for formulation design were performed on the selected components to clarify the mass ratio of each component and obtain the composition of the corresponding gas generator formulation. Then, according to the mass ratio, different materials were weighed sequentially and manufactured according to the manufacturing process to obtain the gas generator product meeting the predetermined requirements. Finally, the product meeting the predetermined requirements was subjected to ground static tests to obtain the performance parameters of the gas generator.

[0089] The fuel gas generator has the following composition: 65% ammonium perchlorate, 18% melamine, 1.5% 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane, 11.36% hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, 1.14% toluene diisocyanate, and 3% diisooctyl sebacate. Calculations show that the fuel gas generator has a combustion temperature of 1490 K, an oxygen coefficient of 0.4262, a gas production rate of 1149 L / kg, a gas phase product molar number of 51.32 mol / kg, and a total fuel-rich gas molar fraction of 74%, with CH4, H2, and CO molar proportions of 5.4%, 35.7%, and 32.9%, respectively.

[0090] Ground static tests were conducted on the Φ165 standard test engine propellant product, which met the predetermined performance requirements, to obtain the internal ballistic performance of the propellant, such as... Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the obtained gas generator has a good gas production rate and good combustion performance.

[0091] The same procedure was used to obtain the combustion rate of the gas generator at different pressures, such as... Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the pressure index of the gas generator is 0.80 under pressures ranging from 1 MPa to 24 MPa.

[0092] For a given formulation system, by adjusting the mass percentages of melamine and ammonium perchlorate, a graph showing the change in gas temperature of the gas generator as a function of melamine content was obtained, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown in the figure, MA% represents the melamine content. The figure indicates that the gas temperature of the gas generator decreases with increasing melamine content.

[0093] For a given formulation system, by adjusting the mass percentages of melamine and ammonium perchlorate, a graph showing the change in gas production of the fuel as a function of melamine content was obtained, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the gas production of the gas generator first increases and then decreases with the increase of melamine content.

[0094] Using the same procedure, for a given formulation system, the mass percentages of melamine and ammonium perchlorate were adjusted to obtain graphs showing the changes in the reactivity of three types of fuel-rich gases (CH4, H2, and CO) in the fuel generator as a function of melamine content, as shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown in (a). By Figure 5 (a) It can be seen that the active fuel-rich gases of H2 and CO first increase and then decrease with the increase of melamine content, while the active fuel-rich gases of CH4 increase with the increase of melamine content.

[0095] Example 2

[0096] The gas generator formulation consists of: 69% ammonium perchlorate, 15% anthracene, 1.5% 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane, 10.7% hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, 0.8% toluene diisocyanate, and 3% diisooctyl sebacate. Calculations show that the gas generator has a combustion temperature of 1462 K, an oxygen coefficient of 0.381, a gas production rate of 1140 L / kg, a gas phase product molar number of 50.9 mol / kg, and a total fuel-rich gas molar fraction of 78%, with CH4, H2, and CO molar proportions of 1.9%, 35.2%, and 40.9%, respectively.

[0097] The combustion rate of the gas generator under different pressures was obtained. The pressure index of the gas generator was 0.65 at 1 MPa to 24 MPa and 6.73 mm / s at 7 MPa.

[0098] Example 3

[0099] The gas generator formulation consists of: 69% ammonium nitrate, 15% anthracene, 1.5% 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane, 10.8% hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, 0.7% toluene diisocyanate, and 3% diisooctyl sebacate. Calculations show that the gas generator has a combustion temperature of 1198 K, an oxygen coefficient of 0.346, a gas production rate of 1118 L / kg, a gas phase product molar number of 49.89 mol / kg, and a total fuel-rich gas molar fraction of 80.52%, with CH4, H2, and CO molar proportions of 0.02%, 44.2%, and 36.3%, respectively.

[0100] The combustion rate of the gas generator under different pressures was obtained. The pressure index of the gas generator was 0.57 at 1 MPa to 24 MPa and 3.19 mm / s at 7 MPa.

[0101] Using the same procedure, for a given formulation system, the mass percentages of melamine and ammonium perchlorate were adjusted to obtain graphs showing the changes in the reactivity of three types of fuel-rich gases (CH4, H2, and CO) in the fuel generator as a function of melamine content, as shown in the figure. Figure 5 As shown in (b). Figure 5 (b) It can be seen that the CO active fuel gas content increases with the increase of anthracene content, the H2 active fuel gas content decreases with the increase of anthracene content, and the CH4 active fuel gas content has no significant correlation with the anthracene content.

[0102] Example 4

[0103] The gas generator formulation consists of: 64% ammonium nitrate, 15% anthracene, 5% melamine, 1.5% 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane, 10.8% hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, 0.7% toluene diisocyanate, and 3% diisooctyl sebacate. Calculations show that the gas generator has a combustion temperature of 1185 K, an oxygen coefficient of 0.3117, a gas production rate of 1087 L / kg, a gas phase product molar number of 48.55 mol / kg, and a total fuel-rich gas molar fraction of 84.8%, with CH4, H2, and CO molar proportions of 1.8%, 45.5%, and 37.5%, respectively.

[0104] The combustion rate of the gas generator under different pressures was obtained. The pressure index of the gas generator was 0.66 at 1 MPa to 24 MPa and 4.21 mm / s at 7 MPa.

[0105] On the one hand, this invention optimizes the types of oxidant and solid hydrocarbon fuels and, in conjunction with theoretical calculations, optimizes the mass percentage of each component. The design method is simple, produces high gas output, and has low development costs, making it suitable for engineering development in multiple application scenarios. On the other hand, the gas has a low temperature, a high proportion of total molar amounts of active, fuel-rich gas, is clean, and has a high pressure index, enabling adaptive adjustment with pressure.

[0106] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0107] As the standard.

[0108] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator, characterized in that, Includes the following components by mass percentage:

2. The low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxidant is composed of a gradation of different particle sizes, specifically including 2 to 4 types of ultrafine oxidant of 1 μm, fine oxidant of 5 μm, oxidant of 100 mesh or oxidant of 80 mesh; The oxidant is one or more of ammonium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, or ammonium nitrate.

3. The low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrocarbon solid fuel is one or more of naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, melamine, octogen or rDX.

4. The low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion rate regulator is one or more of iron oxide, n-octylferrocene or 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane; When the combustion rate regulator is n-octylferrocene or 2,2-bis(ethylferrocene)propane, the mass percentage is 0-2.5%; When the combustion rate regulator is iron oxide, the mass percentage is 0-2%.

5. The low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adhesive is hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene; The plasticizer is one or more of diisooctyl sebacate or dibutyl phthalate.

6. The low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curing agent is one or more of toluene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, or multifunctional aliphatic diisocyanate.

7. The low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen coefficient of the gas generator formulation is 0.3 to 0.45; The gas production of the rich gas generator is 905 L / kg to 1148 L / kg. The gas production first increases and then decreases with the increase of the mass percentage of hydrocarbon solid fuel. In the fuel gas produced by the fuel-rich gas generator, the molar percentage of active fuel-rich gas is 60% to 84.8%; The composition of active fuel-rich gas includes CO, H2 and CH4; The gas temperature generated by the gas generator is 1100K to 1600K, and the gas temperature decreases as the mass percentage of hydrocarbon solid fuel increases. The pressure index of the gas generator is 0.5 to 0.

8.

8. The low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to claim 7, characterized in that, When the required gas temperature of the gas generator is 1100K to 1400K, the oxidant is ammonium nitrate, and the hydrocarbon solid fuel is melamine or anthracene. When the required gas temperature of the gas generator is 1400K to 1600K, the oxidant is ammonium perchlorate, and the hydrocarbon solid fuel is melamine or anthracene.

9. A low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the linear combustion rate of the gas generator is less than 20 mm / s, the combustion rate regulator is n-octylferrocene; When the linear combustion rate of the fuel gas generator is greater than 20 mm / s and less than 45 mm / s, the combustion rate regulator is a mixture of n-octylferrocene and iron oxide.

10. A method for preparing a low-temperature, oxygen-deficient, high-pressure, high-index fuel-rich gas generator according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising: S1 mixes oxidant, hydrocarbon solid fuel, combustion rate modifier, binder, plasticizer and curing agent at 45℃~60℃ for 90min~120min to obtain a slurry; S2 involves pouring the slurry into a mold or engine via vacuum spraying, and then curing it at 50℃~60℃ for 5~8 days. S3 removes the mold or engine core mold, and mechanically shapes the resulting product to obtain the fuel gas generator; The types and mass ratios of oxidizers and hydrocarbon solid fuels are determined based on the gas temperature requirements, while the types and amounts of combustion rate regulators are determined based on the mass flow rate requirements of the produced gas.

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