The invention discloses a functional
ionic liquid that has high electrochemical stability and a preparation method thereof. Positive
ion of the
ionic liquid is selected from
nitrile-functionalized
quaternary ammonium positive
ion and negative
ion thereof from one of
chlorine,
bromine,
iodine, fluoborate, fluorophosphates,
sulfate radical,
nitrate radical, trifluoroacetic radical, trifluorochloromethane
sulfonic acid group, bi (perfluoroalkyl group
sulfonyl) imino negative ion, dinitrile amic radical and
saccharin acid radical.
Nitrile functional
ionic liquid, the negative ion of which is
halogen negative ion, is firstly prepared through reaction of pentagons or hexatomic
tertiary amine with the
alkyl halide that has
nitrile functional groups, then ionic liquid that contains different negative ions is prepared by exchange of the negative ions. The ionic liquid has very low
melting temperature, can bear the high temperature of 150 DEG C and be stable to water, hardly has
vapor pressure but has good electrochemical stability, thereby the invention can be taken as
solvent, catalyst ligand, electrochemical
electrolyte, etc. that are applied in the fields of
organic synthesis, catalytic reaction and
lithium-ion battery, etc.