The invention discloses a Pleurotus eryngii medium and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of mushroom cultivation. The medium comprises, by mass, stalks, bean dregs, coal ash, lime, ammonium ferrous sulfate, cottonseed shells, sawdust, cinnamyl acetate, orange peel powder, biogas residues and water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, selecting the stalks, the bean dregs, the sawdust, the orange peel powder and the biogas residues, adding the stalks, the bean dregs, the sawdust, the orange peel powder and the biogas residues to water, stirring obtained water, and standing the obtained water to obtain a mixed solution; 2, adding the coal ash, the cottonseed shells, cinnamyl acetate and ammonium ferrous sulfate to the mixed solution obtained in step 1, and stirring the obtained solution to form a paste; and 3, processing the paste obtained in step 2 to form cylinders, and drying the cylinders at 100-120DEG C to obtain the Pleurotus eryngii medium. Composition components of the Pleurotus eryngii medium have wide sources, and are cheap and easily available, and Pleurotus eryngii cultured by using the medium has good growth vigor and obviously shortened cultivation period, so the medium is suitable for large-scale production.