The invention relates to a drum with a function of quickly opening a side cover. The drum comprises a body, the side cover and a damping structure. The damping structure further comprises a damping seat, a seat with magnetic blocks, a damping disc and an adjusting button, the damping disc is matched with the magnetic blocks. The drum is characterized by further comprising a resistance fine adjustment assembly and a rough adjustment assembly, the seat is supported on the damping seat, the fine adjustment assembly and the adjusting button are mounted on the damping seat, and the damping seat isclamped on the inner wall of the body; a mounting hole is formed in the side cover, the adjusting button can penetrate the mounting hole, an elastic clamp leg which axially extends is mounted on the inner wall of the side cover, a clamp seat is arranged on the damping seat, a bayonet which is clamped with the elastic clamp leg is arranged on the clamp seat, a button which is butted to a first spring is radially mounted on the body and corresponds to the bayonet, the tail of the button corresponds to the elastic clamp leg, and the elastic clamp leg can be driven to be separated from the bayonetalong with internal compression actions on the button. The drum has the advantages that the side cover can be quickly opened by means of operation by people with bare hands, and the drum is simple inintegral structure and convenient to operate.