413 results about "Organic liquids" patented technology

A composite solid electrolyte include a monolithic solid electrolyte base component that is a continuous matrix of an inorganic active metal ion conductor and a filler component used to eliminate through porosity in the solid electrolyte. In this way a solid electrolyte produced by any process that yields residual through porosity can be modified by the incorporation of a filler to form a substantially impervious composite solid electrolyte and eliminate through porosity in the base component. Methods of making the composites is also disclosed. The composites are generally useful in electrochemical cell structures such as battery cells and in particular protected active metal anodes, particularly lithium anodes, that are protected with a protective membrane architecture incorporating the composite solid electrolyte. The protective architecture prevents the active metal of the anode from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the architecture, which may include aqueous, air and organic liquid electrolytes and/or electrochemically active materials.

A rechargeable lithium cell comprising a cathode having a cathode active material, an anode having an anode active material, a porous separator electronically separating the anode and the cathode, a non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte in contact with the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte contains a lithium salt dissolved in a first organic liquid solvent with a concentration sufficiently high so that the electrolyte exhibits a vapor pressure less than 0.01 kPa when measured at 20° C., a flash point at least 20 degrees Celsius higher than the flash point of the first organic liquid solvent alone, a flash point higher than 150° C., or no flash point. This battery cell is non-flammable and safe, has a long cycle life, high capacity, and high energy density.

Active metal electrochemical structure, in particular an active metal negative electrode (anode) protected with an ionically conductive protective architecture incorporating a glassy, ceramic or glass-ceramic solid electrolyte material based on lithium hafnium phosphate, and associated electrochemical devices and methods, provides advantages over conventional structures. The protective architecture prevents the active metal from deleterious reaction with the environment on the other (cathode) side of the architecture, which may include aqueous, air or organic liquid electrolytes and/or electrochemically active materials.

A system and method for non-invasively inspecting one or more vessels capable of transmitting IR light containing liquid is provided, which uses a near-infrared (NIR) imaging device in combination with one or two NIR light sources, a diffuser plate, and an optical wavelength selecting means is provided for selecting one or more wavelength bands. In addition, the system may further comprise a computer processing means, a computer database containing known absorbance values, and a computer application, such that the system may compare the collected spectroscopic data to known spectroscopic data, and identify the liquid contained within the inspected vessel. The inspection method of the present invention measures a transmission or reflection image of one or more vessels being inspected at one or more narrow wavelength intervals in the NIR spectral range that corresponds to a peak absorbance wavelength of water, organic liquids, and explosive compositions.

Aqueous dispersion compositions of polydioxythiophene, polymeric acid colloids, and water-miscible organic liquid and methods of making such compositions. The compositions are useful in organic electronic devices.

Reversible acid-gas binding organic liquid systems that permit separation and capture of one or more of several acid gases from a mixed gas stream, transport of the liquid, release of the acid gases from the ionic liquid and reuse of the liquid to bind more acid gas with significant energy savings compared to current aqueous systems. These systems utilize acid gas capture compounds made up of strong bases and weak acids that form salts when reacted with a selected acid gas, and which release these gases when a preselected triggering event occurs. The various new materials that make up this system can also be included in various other applications such as chemical sensors, chemical reactants, scrubbers, and separators that allow for the specific and separate removal of desired materials from a gas stream such as flue gas.

Intercalates formed by contacting a layered material, e.g., a phyllosilicate, with an intercalant surface modifier selected from the group consisting of a compound having an alkyl radical containing at least 6 carbon atoms, a compound containing an aromatic ring, and mixtures thereof, said surface modifier including a matrix material-reactive functional group, to sorb or intercalate the intercalant surface modifier between adjacent platelets of the layered material. Sufficient intercalant surface modifier is sorbed between adjacent platelets to expand the adjacent platelets to at least about 10 ANGSTROM , up to about 100 ANGSTROM . The intercalated complex can be combined with an organic liquid into a viscous carrier material, for delivery of the carrier material, or for delivery of an active compound; or the intercalated complex can be combined with a matrix polymer to form a strong, filled polymer matrix.

The present invention relates to methods and apparatus for removing water and/or water-based compounds from organic liquids/fluids. In one embodiment, the present invention relates to methods and apparatus that utilize fibrous media that contains, is impregnated, or is formed from at least one super absorbent compound, where the fibrous media is formed from nanofibers.

The present invention relates to an octreotide sustained release delivery system for treatment of diseases relating to somatotropin and/or somatostatin. The sustained release delivery system of the invention includes a flowable composition containing an octreotide compound, and an implant containing the octreotide compound. The flowable composition may be injected into tissue whereupon it coagulates to become the solid or gel, monolithic implant. The flowable composition includes a biodegradable, thermoplastic polymer, an organic liquid and an octreotide compound.

The invention which belongs to the technical field of new materials relates to a synthetic method of ZIFs, and concretely discloses a method for synthesizing nanometer/micrometer scale ZIFs based on imidazole and its derivatives at room temperature in a concise, efficient and green manner. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving a single imidazole ligand or a mixture of two imidazole ligands in water or an organic liquid to form a solution, adding an alkaline substance to adjust the pH value of the solution, adding a metal salt to form a reaction system, and reacting to obtain the nanometer or micrometer scale ZIFs. The method which allows routine reactants to be utilized and the alkaline substance to be added to adjust the pH value of the system has the advantages of ligand application amount reduction, controllable product size, and high purity of the nanometer/micrometer scale ZIFs. The synthetic method has the characteristics of cheap and easily available raw materials and solvent, and no pollution, and has important meanings to the production and the application of the ZIFs.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an anti-creeping and anti-corrosive titanium or titanium alloy material with a super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic surface. The preparation method comprises the following steps: microprocessing the surface of metal titanium or titanium alloy through laser etching to obtain a roughened surface with a micron structure; then, forming a layer of titanium dioxide nanotube array film on the surface of the micron structure through anodic oxidation treatment; and finally, modifying by perfluorosilane or perfluorosiloxane to obtain the super-hydrophobic and super-oleophobic surface. The microstructure on the surface of the prepared metal titanium and titanium alloy is very stable and has good high temperature resistance; and after the chemical modification, the surface has super-hydrophobic (acid, base and salt solution) and super-oleophobic property, namely the contact angles to most of organic liquids and aqueous solutions are more than 150 degrees.

The invention discloses a method for electrochemically preparing graphene. The method comprises the following steps: 1, intercalating and expanding graphite paper by adopting graphite paper as a positive electrode and an aqueous intercalator solution as an electrolyte to obtain expanded graphite; 2, filtering and washing the expanded graphite, and carrying out ultrasonic peeling treatment on the expanded graphite to obtain a flocculent graphene slurry; and 3, filtering the graphene slurry, and drying the graphene slurry through adopting a microwave vacuum drier to obtain fluffy graphene powder. The electrochemical method solves the problem of use of heavy metal-containing reagents, strong acids, strong oxidants and expensive organic liquids in the graphene preparation process in the prior art, and has the advantages of simple preparation technology, low energy consumption and low cost.

A gas generating process, which is for the continuous production of energy and hydrogen for rocket and other propulsion and is also for the continuous production of hydrogen, utilizes the reaction of metallic materials, particularly aluminum, with organic materials, particularly hydrocarbons provided as jet fuel, and with water or an oxidizer which is predominantly water. In comparison with related reactions, the reaction produces hot gases containing more hydrogen and the products have a lower temperature for the same specific impulse. The process incorporates organic liquids with metallic powders to produce desirable, lower molecular weight exhaust gas products; and the increased hydrogen is desirable for use with a fuel cell and in connection with propulsion of a super-cavitating underwater device. The process is advantageous in that a metal, in powdered form, and a hydrocarbon liquid may be provided together as a slurry or gel for effective metering. The metallic material may also be provided with the organic material in the form of a binder as used in solid propellants, and the organic material and water may be provided together in the form of a water containing liquid monopropellant. The hydrogen containing product gases from the reaction may be further reacted with suitable oxidizers for production of additional energy or steam. The reaction is particularly useful for underwater vehicles where ambient water is available and the reaction products may be used for propulsion.

The invention discloses a method and device for preparing fertilizer from kitchen garbage. The method comprises crushing kitchen garbage, carrying out solid-liquid separation, carrying out pyrolysis carbonization on the separated solid kitchen garbage to obtain pyrolysis gas and carbon residue, washing the pyrolysis gas, carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the separated liquid to obtain a broth, biogas residue and biogas, carrying out aerobic fermentation on the broth, then preparing organic-inorganic composite liquid fertilizer from the obtained liquid, mixing the biogas residue and the biogas residue obtained by the pyrolysis carbonization, adding composite microbe engineering bacteria into the mixture, and carrying out solid state fermentation to obtain the organic carbon solid fertilizer. The method and device respectively carry out resourceful treatment on the solid kitchen garbage and the organic liquid, the organic liquid is treated by a biotechnology so that the organic-inorganic composite liquid fertilizer is produced, and solid kitchen garbage is subjected to pyrolysis carbonization so that energy and biochar are produced.

The present invention provides a method of making a fluoropolymer through emulsion polymerization of one or more fluorinated monomers in an aqueous phase in the presence of a fluorinated surfactant. At least part of the fluorinated surfactant is added to the aqueous phase as an aqueous mixture with at least one organic liquid that is not miscible with water and that is selected from halogenated and non-halogenated organic liquids, the mixture having droplets having an average droplet diameter of not more than 1000 nm and the mixture being added to the aqueous phase in such an amount that the total amount of the fluorinated surfactant is not more than 1% by weight based on the weight of the aqueous phase and the total amount of said organic liquid is not more than 1% by weight based on the weight of said aqueous phase. The invention allows for an improvement of the efficiency of an aqueous emulsion polymerization process. In particular, the polymerization time can be reduced and the polymer yield may be improved.

The invention relates to in-situ crosslinked alginate hydrogels with an active ingredient of disulfide bond disulfide bond alginate derivative. The preparation method thereof is as follows: the organic liquids of carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxysuccinimide eater are added into the alginate aqueous liquid of the alginate to activate the carboxyl of the alginate aqueous liquid; then the organic liquid of 4-aminothiolphenol is added under the conditions of keeping in dark place under 10 DEG C and nitrogen protection, so that the amino of the 4-aminothiolphenol and the carboxyl of the alginate aqueous liquid form an amido bond. The proportions of each matter adjusted and the pH value of muriatic acid is adjusted to 6.0, ethanol is deposited, frozen and dried to obtain sulfhydrylation alginates of different sulfydryl contents. The alginate aqueous liquid of the alginate oxidizes the sulfydryl thorugh the oxygen in the liquid under a room temperature to crosslink and form a disulfide bond, thus obtaining the crosslinked alginate hydrogels. The hydrogels prepared through the method has pH sensitivity and reduction responsiveness, and has potential application values in drug delivery field.

The invention discloses a chemical and physical double-cross-linking high-strength chitin gel material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding a cross-linking agent for partial chemical cross-linking at the gelatinization temperature lower than that of a chitin solution, subsequently soaking the chitin gel which is subjected to partial chemical cross-linking into a non-solvent for physical cross-linking, and washing with water, thereby obtaining double-cross-linking chitin hydrogel; replacing water in the double-cross-linking chitin hydrogel by an organic liquid, thereby obtaining chitin organic gel, and drying the double-cross-linking chitin hydrogel or the organic gel, thereby obtaining double-cross-linking chitin aerogel; and hot-rolling the double-cross-linking chitin hydrogel or the double-cross-linking chitin aerogel, thereby preparing double-cross-linking chitin biological plastic. The double-cross-linking chitin gel material disclosed by the invention is excellent in mechanical property, low density and high specific surface area, can be easily processed into finished products such as fiber, sheets, granules, films and columns, and is applicable to large-scale popularization and application.

In crude oil fractions, fossil fuels, and organic liquids in general in which it is desirable to reduce the levels of sulfur-containing and nitrogen-containing components, the process reduces the level of these compounds via the application of heat, an oxidizing agent and, preferably, sonic energy. The invention is performed either as a continuous process or a batch process, and may further include optional steps of centrifugation or hydrodesulfurization.