The invention discloses a water system lithium-ion hybrid battery, and belongs to the technical field of hybrid batteries. The water system lithium-ion hybrid battery comprises a positive plate and a negative plate, the positive plate is composed of a positive current collector and a positive active substance, the negative plate is composed of a negative current collector and a negative active substance, and the positive current collector is plated with terne metal; the negative active substance is prepared from, by mass, 80-90% of lead sulfate, 0.05-0.15% of barium sulfate, 2-10% of binder, 1-10% of conducting agent and 0.1-0.5% of organic expanding agent. A positive pole of the hybrid battery is made of a lithium-ion battery positive pole material, a negative pole is made of a negative pole material of a lead storage battery, the energy density of the battery reaches 70 Wh/kg or more and is about twice that of the lead storage battery, the cycle life is larger than 1000 times, the cost is about 0.6 yuan/Wh and is slightly higher than that of the lead storage battery while remarkably lower than that of the traditional lithium-ion battery, and safety is excellent.