The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a ternary cathode material lithium ion battery and an electrolyte thereof. The electrolyte comprises a non-water-based organic solvent, lithium salt and an additive. The additive comprises 1,3-propane sultone, a compound with the structural formula I or II, and a compound containing an M-O-Si functional group. M is any one of B, C, N, P, S and Al. Compared with the prior art, the ternary cathode material lithium ion battery with the electrolyte can normally work within the range of high voltage of 4.4 V or above, rise of internal resistance of the battery is restrained when the battery is used in high-pressure and low-temperature environments, the high-temperature storage performance and a low-temperature discharging platform of the battery are effectively improved, and excellent circulation performance and storage performance can be achieved within the wide temperature range.