449 results about "Electrode interface" patented technology

A system for transferring spinal cord signals comprises a superior electrode and an inferior electrode. The superior electrode interfaces with a first portion of a spinal cord of a human body; and the inferior electrode interfaces with a second portion of the spinal cord. The superior electrode has at least one superior contact for receiving signals from the first portion of the spinal cord to transmit to the inferior electrode; and the inferior electrode has at least one inferior contact for transmitting signals received from the superior electrode to the second portion of the spinal cord.

This method of determining an intracochlea tissue impedance comprises using at least two stimulating electrodes to apply an electrical stimulus to intracochlea tissue. A voltage caused by the stimulus is measured between two measuring electrodes distinct from the stimulating electrodes. From the voltage a stimulus-response characteristic of tissue between the two measuring electrodes is determined. This allows the tissue / electrode interface impedance and potential and the tissue impedance and potential to be uniquely determined. In turn, modiolus currents can be estimated in monopolar stimulation mode. Also provided is automated initiation of re-mapping of the device when tissue characteristics change

A battery model unit includes an electrode reaction model unit based on the Butler_Volmer equation, an electrolyte lithium concentration distribution model unit analyzing a lithium ion concentration distribution in an electrolyte solution by a diffusion equation, an active material lithium concentration distribution model unit analyzing an ion concentration distribution in a solid state of an active material by a diffusion equation, a current / potential distribution model unit for obtaining a potential distribution according to the charge conservation law, a thermal diffusion model unit and a boundary condition setting unit. The boundary condition setting unit (66) sets a boundary condition at an electrode interface such that a reacting weight at the electrode interface is not determined by a difference in material concentration between positions but a deviation from an electrochemically balanced state causes a change with time in lithium concentration at the interface and thus a (time-based) drive power for material transportation. Thereby, an appropriate charge / discharge control can be performed based on the battery model having the appropriately set battery condition.

Airway disorders in a horse are relieved by electrical stimulation of the airway tissue. Particular disorders and techniques include electrical stimulation to relieve laryngeal hemiplegia. A pacemaker processor generates an electrical treatment signal to be applied to upper airway tissue of the horse for treating the upper airway disorder. One or more stimulation electrodes interfaces with the upper airway tissue for delivering the treatment signal to the upper airway tissue.

The concept of the present invention describes configurations to provide uniform heat distribution of resistive heaters. This configuration allows successful anti-icing and deicing with relatively low applied power. One aspect involves the use of a thin film heater applied just underneath the topcoat to efficiently direct all heat to the surface, allowing anti-icing and de-icing with minimal power. This can be accomplished by employing a hybrid electrode interface, using a metal foil or metal braid that is attached to the aircraft surface with a structural adhesive that has been smoothed along the edges with metal-filled adhesive. Another aspect of the present invention uses an array of heater cells created as a single sheet and a heat spreading material, provided underneath or overtop of the heater cells.

Apparatus for assessing the electrical properties of patient-electrode interfaces has a carrier signal source injecting two carrier signals comprising an AC signal with a DC offset to the electrodes. The carrier signals are out of phase. The outputs from the electrodes are formed into electrocardiographic lead signals in a pre-amplifier circuit. Signal processing circuit is coupled to the pre-amplifier circuit and provides a first signal comprising the AC carrier signal contained in an ECG lead signal and a second signal containing a DC offset signal. The first and second signals are provided to a microprocessor to obtain an output indicative of the electrical properties of electrode interfaces for the ECG lead signal.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium-ion batteries, in particular to an electrolyte of the lithium-ion battery and the lithium-ion battery containing the electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive comprises a film-forming additive A and a stabilizing additive B; the stabilizing additive B is a chainlike disulfonic acid ester compound as shown in a formula I and / or a formula II; and the film-forming additive A forms an SEI film on a negative electrode surface of the battery and the side reaction of a negative electrode interface and the electrolyte is reduced, so that the film-forming additive A is an necessary precondition that the battery has relatively good cycle performance. The stabilizing additive B can form a CEI film on a positive electrode surface, the activity of a positive electrode interface and the electrolyte is inhibited, direct contact oxidation of a positive electrode and the electrolyte is reduced, meanwhile, the structure stability of a positive electrode material is improved and the structure is not easy to collapse and crush due to generation of the stress, so that the electrolyte has excellent high-temperature storage performance and high-temperature cycle performance through combination of the additive A and the additive B.

Set forth herein are electrochemical cells which include a negative electrode current collector, a lithium metal negative electrode, an oxide electrolyte membrane, a bonding agent layer, a positive electrode, and a positive electrode current collector. The bonding agent layer advantageously lowers the interfacial impedance of the oxide electrolyte at least at the positive electrode interface and also optionally acts as an adhesive between the solid electrolyte separator and the positive electrode interface. Also set forth herein are methods of making these bonding agent layers including, but not limited to, methods of preparing and depositing precursor solutions which form these bonding agent layers. Set forth herein, additionally, are methods of using these electrochemical cells.

The invention discloses a high voltage-resistant multi-stage structure composite solid-state electrolyte and its preparation method and use in a solid-state lithium battery. The lithium battery utilizes a multi-stage structure solid-state electrolyte containing different components. A polymer electrolyte with excellent electrode interface compatibility is used as an electrolyte in the negative electrode side. A high voltage-resistant polymer electrolyte is used as an electrolyte in the positive electrode side. A polymer electrolyte or an inorganic electrolyte with high ionic conductivity is used as a middle layer. The multi-stage structure solid-state electrolyte has advantages such as high mechanical properties, high ionic conductivity, a wide electrochemical window, excellent electrode interfacial compatibility and lithium dendrite growth inhibition of different components. Compared with the traditional liquid lithium ion battery, the battery with the multi-stage composite solid-state electrolyte has higher safety and higher energy density.

The present invention discloses an inorganic-organic nano composite solid electrolyte membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite solid electrolyte is a novel inorganic-organic nanocomposite combining the respective advantages of inorganic ceramic solid electrolyte and organic polymer electrolyte and is composed of a negative electrode protective layer, a support layerand a positive electrode interface layer. The support layer plays a supporting role, and the main component of the negative electrode protective layer is the inorganic solid electrolyte with good mechanical properties, which can effectively inhibit the growth of lithium dendrite; and the positive electrode interface layer is mainly composed of organic polymer electrolyte with good flexibility, ensures good contact with active materials and provides a continuous ion transport channel. In the present invention, the composite solid electrolyte with good interface compatibility is prepared by coating on both sides of the support layer, and the process is simple and efficient. The composite solid electrolyte can effectively inhibit dendritic crystal and reduces interface resistance so that a solid lithium metal battery has higher energy density and longer cycle life.

The invention relates to the technical field of a lithium ion battery, in particular to a lithium ion battery electrolyte for improving a battery pole piece interface. The lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt and an additive, wherein the non-aqueous organic solvent comprises at least one of carboxylic ester, halogenated carbonic ester, aromatic hydrocarbon and halogenated aromatics thereof, and the additive comprises at least one of a lithium salt additive, fluoro carbonic ester, fluoro-ether, phosphonitrile and derivatives thereof. Compared with the prior art, the lithium ion battery electrolyte has the advantages that the solvent and the additive are used in a combination way to generate a synergic effect, the electrolyte has a favorable negative electrode interface in a low-temperature and rapid charging / discharging environments, no lithium is precipitated, thus, the requirements of low-temperature charging and discharging, rapid charging and discharging and high compaction density of a negative electrode pole plate can be simultaneously met, and meanwhile, the potential risk caused by lithium precipitation during the charging of the battery is reduced.

The present invention relates to a system for measuring the input impedance of a skin / electrode interface and selectively modifying the input impedance of the monitoring circuit to match the measured input impedance. More particularly, a simplified method for correcting for input impedance mismatch between electronic monitoring circuitry and the skin / electrode interface. In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, an input impedance measuring circuit will interface with a microprocessor and a reconfigurable switch network to select the input impedance of the electronic monitoring circuitry, thus eliminating the impedance sensitivity of EMG or EKG instruments.

Devices, systems and methods are disclosed for electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve to treat or prevent disorders in a patient. The devices comprise a handheld device having one or more electrode interfaces for contacting the outer skin surface of a patient, a power source and a signal generator coupled to the electrode / interfaces for applying one or more electrical impulses to a deep nerve within the patient, such as the vagus nerve. The device further comprises a filter situated in series between the signal generator and the electrode / interfaces for filtering out undesired high frequency components of the electrical impulses to create a cleaner, smoother signal. The filter may comprise an electrically conductive medium and / or a low-pass filter between the signal generator and the electrode / interface.

The present invention relates to a system for measuring the impedance of a skin / electrode interface and selectively modifying the system gain of the monitoring circuit to compensate for errors introduced by variations in the skin / electrode impedance. More particularly, a simplified, low-cost method for measuring and compensating for skin / electrode impedance variations is provided. The skin / electrode impedance measuring circuit and determines a system gain correction factor which may be applied to the measured signal using a software algorithm, thereby eliminating the need to change the circuit topology with a programmable gain amplifier or programmable resistor network.

A zinc / air depolarized cell wherein the anode comprises zinc particles, aqueous alkaline electrolyte, and aqueous alkaline electrolyte within said anode casing; a cathode within said cathode casing; and an electrolyte permeable separator between said cathode and anode; and a glue comprising crosslinked polyvinylalcohol, preferably crosslinked with a boron containing compound, said glue located between the separator and a side of said cathode to adhesively bond the separator to the cathode. The cell may be in the form of a button cell. The glue provides a strong adhesive bond between the separator, desirably of microporous polypropylene, and the cathode. The glue promotes ionic conductivity at the separator / electrode interface even when the zinc / electrolyte ratio within the anode is elevated.

The invention discloses a high-performance all-solid-state lithium-ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the all-solid-state lithium-ion battery solves the problem of hard contact between an electrolyte and an electrode interface, improves the activation degree of the electrolyte and an electrode material, reduces electrochemical polarization and obviously reduces the internal resistance of the battery. A lithium superionic conductor-modified polymer electrolyte penetrates through an overall all-solid-state lithium-ion battery system, improves the transmission rate of lithium ions and improves the high-rate charge-discharge capability of the all-solid-state lithium-ion battery. A high-molecular polymer which is the same as the electrolyte is utilized for coating a positive plate and a negative plate as a binder, so that the diffusion path of the lithium ions is shortened; capacity development of active materials is facilitated; the specific energy of the battery is significantly improved and reaches 763Wh / Kg; meanwhile, uneven charging and discharging of a negative lithium metal are alleviated by the high-molecular polymer; growth of lithium crystal is inhibited; the service lifetime is prolonged; and the high-performance all-solid-state lithium-ion battery can be recycled over 1,000 times.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-ion batteries, in particular to a lithium-ion battery electrolyte and a lithium-ion battery. Three additives, namely an additive A, an additiveB and an additive C, are added in the in the electrolyte, wherein the additive A can improve the cycle performance of a high-nickel material battery and inhibit the battery from increasing internal resistance in high-temperature storage and cyclic processes, the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery in charging and discharging processes can be improved, and self-discharging is reduced; the additive B can form a thin and compact SEI membrane on a negative electrode interface, so that a high-nickel material has relatively low interface impedance when matching with a high-volume high-compaction negative electrode material, and lithium-ions are favorably diffused; the additive C can inhibit a high-nickel battery from producing too much gas so that a battery explosion-proof valveis sprung in the long-term storage process at high temperature, and meanwhile has positive influence on the cycle life of the battery; therefore, the electrolyte guarantees that the battery has a relatively good cyclic life, the internal resistance of the battery in the use process is reduced, and when the battery is used at high temperature, potential safety hazards, which appear as the explosion-proof valve is sprung, are avoided.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly discloses a high-temperature high-voltage safety lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery. Thelithium ion battery electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, a non-aqueous organic solvent and an additive, wherein the additive includes an isocyanate additive, a film forming additive and a fluorinatedflame-retardant additive. According to the lithium ion battery electrolyte, by adding the first type of the isocyanate additive and the second type of the film forming additive, a stable SEI film canbe formed on the surface of an electrode material, so that the ion conduction can be facilitated, and the decomposition of the electrolyte can be inhibited; and by adding the third type of the fluorinated flame-retardant additive, F atoms can form a film on an electrode interface, so that the intermolecular force can be reduced, the viscosity of the electrolyte can be reduced, and the conductivity of the electrolyte can be improved. All the components cooperate, so that the battery has good high-temperature storage performance, normal temperature cycling performance and high-temperature cycling performance under a high voltage, and does not have potential safety hazards.

A nanotip capacitor and associated fabrication method are provided. The method provides a bottom electrode and grows electrically conductive nanotips overlying the bottom electrode. An electrically insulating dielectric is deposited overlying the nanotips, and an electrically conductive top electrode is deposited overlying dielectric-covered nanotips. Typically, the dielectric is deposited by forming a thin layer of dielectric overlying the nanotips using an atomic layer deposition (ALD) process. In one aspect, the electrically insulating dielectric covering the nanotips forms a three-dimensional interface of dielectric-covered nanotips. Then, the electrically conductive top electrode overlying the dielectric-covered nanotips forms a three-dimensional top electrode interface, matching the first three-dimensional interface of the dielectric-covered nanotips.

An energy device having high input-output performance, in particular being excellent in low temperature performance. An energy device characterized by storing and discharging electric energy by both a faradaic reaction mechanism wherein mainly the oxidation state of an active material changes and electric charge transfers inside said active material and a non-faradaic reaction mechanism wherein mainly ions are physically absorbed and desorbed on the surface of an active material and resultantly electric charge is accumulated and discharged. Further, output performance at a low temperature is improved by providing an energy device characterized by storing and discharging electric energy by at least two kinds of reaction mechanisms that show low and high reaction rates respectively in faradaic reaction wherein mainly the oxidation state of an active material changes and electric charge transfers to said active material through an electrode interface. Furthermore, an energy device characterized by storing and discharging electric energy by at least two kinds of reaction mechanisms that show low and high reaction rates respectively in faradaic reaction wherein mainly the oxidation state of an active material changes and electric charge transfers to said active material through an electrode interface.

The invention discloses a novel high-precision data acquisition system for electrical impedance imaging. The system is constructed by a main control module, a programmable current source, an electrode interface module, a voltage measurement module, a current detection module, a digital demodulation module, a communication interface module and the like. Excitation currents in an imaging target region are accurately controlled through the current detection module and the programmable current source, distribution differences are effectively suppressed through an electrode selection switch system in the electrode interface module, external disturbance is effectively blocked through an electrode wire double-shielding system in the electrode interface module, and related demodulation of response signals and excitation signals is achieved through the digital demodulation module. By the adoption of the high-precision data acquisition system, the influence of distribution parameters and external disturbance in the data acquisition system for electrical impedance imaging can be effectively suppressed, nonlinear errors of a measurement result are reduced, the signal to noise ratio of measured data is increased, the key problem that in the electrical impedance imaging research, data acquisition accuracy is difficultly further improved is solved, and the high-precision data acquisition system has important application value.

The invention provides an electrolyte / electrode interface integrated construction technology of an all-solid-state lithium battery. According to the electrolyte / electrode interface integrated construction technology, a polymer electrolyte layer is prepared on a positive electrode material layer in situ; the interface contact between the positive electrode material layer and the electrolyte layer is improved and the interface impedance is reduced, so that the rate performance and the circulating performance of the battery are improved. A construction process of the all-solid-state lithium battery is extremely simplified, the cost is reduced and the interface contact is optimized; meanwhile, the electrical conductivity and the electrochemical stability of polymer electrolyte are improved.

The invention relates to an electroencephalograph for determining the contact status between an electrode and a scalp and a method for determining the contact status between the electrode and the scalp. The electroencephalograph comprises an electroencephalogram signal detecting circuit and a scalp impedance detecting circuit, wherein the electroencephalogram signal detecting circuit is provided with at least one set of interfaces connected with a reference electrode and a plurality of electrodes to be detected, which are contacted with scalp, through lead wires; and the scalp impedance detecting circuit is independent from the electroencephalogram signal detecting circuit to be connected with the interfaces of the electrodes to be detected and the reference electrode. According to the invention, the electroencephalogram signal detecting circuit and the scalp impedance detecting circuit are respectively detected, the contact status is determined by a threshold value determining method, and the method is simple in circuit, high in circuit anti-interference performance and quick in speed; not only can the detection precision of the scalp impedance be improved, but also the acquiring and the process of the electroencephalogram signal can not be influenced; and the large information content electroencephalogram signal can be most accurately processed, and the scalp impedance information can be most timely processed, so that a product is better in performance.

A net basket type electrode catheter for the stable contact between electrode and endocardium has a handle unit and a net basket unit consisting of a near-end annular coupler, a far-end annular coupler with soft head, and multiple metallic wires between said both coupler and with coated insulating layer. Said metallic wires are electrically connected to the electrode interface on handle unit. The metallic electrodes are at the middle of said metallic wires. When a push rod is moving forward, said metallic wires are curved to form a spherical body.

The invention discloses an electrolyte and a lithium-ion battery using the same. The electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous solvent, a lithium salt and additives, wherein the additives comprise vinylenecarbonate, vinylethylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate, and further comprises sulfonate and / or sulfate compounds containing silane functional groups, wherein the alkyl groups in the silane functional groups are independently selected from alkanes or olefins of which the number of carbon atoms is 1-3, or the alkanes or olefins of which the number of halogen-substituted carbon atoms is 1-3.The sulfonate or sulfate compounds can generate a dense and tough passivation film on the surface of a positive electrode material, effectively suppress the oxidation reaction in the system, and playa positive electrode protection role. And meanwhile, the compounds can synergize with other additives to form a dense and stable SEI film on the surface of a negative electrode, effectively prevent the reduction reaction of the electrolyte on the surface of the negative electrode and the deposition of transition metal, improve the interface between the negative electrode and the electrolyte, slowdown the secondary reaction of the electrode interface in a storage or circulation process, and further improve the battery performance.

The invention relates to a lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery, and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The lithium ion battery electrode comprises an organic solvent, an electrolyte lithium salt, a low-impedance additive and a functional additive, wherein the low-impedance additive comprises lithium difluorophosphate and lithium difluoro bis(oxalato) phosphate, the functional additive is an arbitrary one or a combination of tris(trimethylsilyl) borate and tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate, and the functional additive accounts for 0.1-4% of the total mass of the lithium ion battery electrolyte. The lithium ion battery electrolyte can participate in negative electrode film formation, the interface impedance of the electrolyte is reduced, and the low-temperature performance of the electrolyte is improved; and a flexible and high-temperature stable electrode interface film also can be formed on a surface of a high-capacity silicon carbon composite negative electrode material, the breakage of an SEI film caused by silicon expansion during the circulation process is timely repaired, and the cycle property of the silicon carbon negative electrode lithium ion battery is improved.

Embodiments of the invention generally relate to nonvolatile memory devices, such as a ReRAM cells, and methods for manufacturing such memory devices, which includes optimized, atomic layer deposition (ALD) processes for forming metal oxide film stacks. The metal oxide film stacks contain a metal oxide coupling layer disposed on a metal oxide host layer, each layer having different grain structures / sizes. The interface disposed between the metal oxide layers facilitates oxygen vacancy movement. In many examples, the interface is a misaligned grain interface containing numerous grain boundaries extending parallel to the electrode interfaces, in contrast to the grains in the bulk film extending perpendicular to the electrode interfaces. As a result, oxygen vacancies are trapped and released during switching without significant loss of vacancies. Therefore, the metal oxide film stacks have improved switching performance and reliability during memory cell applications compared to traditional hafnium oxide based stacks of previous memory cells.

Disclosed is a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) positive electrolyte negative (PEN) comprising electrodes on the rear side thereof used for establishing contact between a flat interconnecting plate and a raised structure which is configured in such a way that it forms gas circulation channels with said plate. The PEN and interconnecting plates can have holes so as to create internal gas inlet and outlet tubes. The electrolyte / electrode interface can also be configured as a raised structure increasing the ratio of the extended area to the projected area.