179 results about "Inorganic electrolyte" patented technology

The invention relates to a microemulsion-type fracture acidizing cleanup additive, and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of petrochemical industry. The microemulsion-type fracture acidizing cleanup additive is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight:5-10% of surfactant, 2-8% of cosurfactant, 35-45% of oil phase, 35-45% of water phase and 3-10% of inorganic electrolyte. The microemulsion-type fracture acidizing cleanup additive provided by the invention has a function of restoring reservoir permeability; and compared with the existing cleanup additive system, the microemulsion-type fracture acidizing cleanup additive provided by the invention can reduce the degree of reservoir damage, which is caused by incompatibility of water locks, residues and formation fluids in the wellbore area of an oil well in the fracture acidizing process of an oil and gas well, by more than 50%.

The invention discloses a high voltage-resistant multi-stage structure composite solid-state electrolyte and its preparation method and use in a solid-state lithium battery. The lithium battery utilizes a multi-stage structure solid-state electrolyte containing different components. A polymer electrolyte with excellent electrode interface compatibility is used as an electrolyte in the negative electrode side. A high voltage-resistant polymer electrolyte is used as an electrolyte in the positive electrode side. A polymer electrolyte or an inorganic electrolyte with high ionic conductivity is used as a middle layer. The multi-stage structure solid-state electrolyte has advantages such as high mechanical properties, high ionic conductivity, a wide electrochemical window, excellent electrode interfacial compatibility and lithium dendrite growth inhibition of different components. Compared with the traditional liquid lithium ion battery, the battery with the multi-stage composite solid-state electrolyte has higher safety and higher energy density.

Solid-state batteries, battery components, and related processes for their production are provided. The battery electrodes or separators contain sintered electrochemically active material, inorganic solid particulate electrolyte having large particle size, and low melting point solid inorganic electrolyte which acts as a binder and/or a sintering aid in the electrode.

The invention relates to a method for separating rare earth ions by extraction of a liquid-liquid-liquid three-phase system, and belongs to the technical field of rare earth extraction and separation. The method comprises the following steps of: adding a chemical complexing agent into an aqueous solution containing the rare earth ions, regulating the acidity of the solution, adding a water-soluble high polymer and an inorganic electrolyte salt, oscillating and mixing at room temperature, and obtaining a liquid phase system of upper and lower layers; adding a hydrophobic ionic liquid, fully mixing the solution at room temperature, and obtaining an insoluble three-liquid phase coexistence system of upper, middle and lower layers; and respectively taking the upper, middle and lower phases ofthe three-liquid phase system, and reclaiming the rare earth ions by using an electro-deposition method. According to the method, a volatile organic solvent is not used, so that the phase forming behavior and the phase separation process of the three-phase system are easily artificially controlled; and light, medium and heavy rare earth ions are selectively enriched or grouped and separated in three different liquid phases respectively. Compared with conventional oil-water two-phase separation, the method has the advantages that: the process flow is greatly simplified, the method is quick in phase separation and avoids emulsifying, and the hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties of the ionic liquid three-phase system are easily controlled.

The invention discloses an organic/inorganic composite electrolyte and a preparation method thereof. The organic/inorganic composite electrolyte is obtained by dispersing a lithium salt and a modified inorganic solid electrolyte into a polymer in a mixing manner, wherein the polymer contains an ethylene oxide repeating unit. The modification of the inorganic solid electrolyte is carried out for the first time; a polymer electrolyte and the inorganic electrolyte are effectively and evenly composited, so that the organic/inorganic composite electrolyte material is obtained. The dispersion of the inorganic solid electrolyte in the polymer is improved by the modification of the inorganic solid electrolyte, so that the adverse effect that the inorganic solid electrolyte is automatically gathered is avoided. The organic/inorganic composite electrolyte material obtained according to the preparation method has the advantages of the polymer electrolyte and the inorganic electrolyte, so that the comprehensive performance of the organic/inorganic composite electrolyte material is obviously improved. The organic/inorganic composite electrolyte material has practical value and can be popularized in lithium ion secondary batteries.

The invention provides a lithium ion battery and a preparation method thereof. The lithium ion battery comprises a battery shell body and an electrical core located in the battery shell body; the electrical core includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the electrolyte is characterized in that the electrolyte comprises a first solid electrolyte layer located on the positive electrode surface and a second solid electrolyte layer located on the negative electrode surface, and the first solid electrolyte layer makes contact with the second solid electrolyte layer; the first solid electrolyte layer comprises a first binder and first inorganic electrolyte particles, the first inorganic electrolyte particles are an NASICON type inorganic electrolyte and/or a perovskite type inorganic electrolyte; the second solid electrolyte layer comprises a second binder and second inorganic electrolyte particles, and the second inorganic electrolyte particles are an sulfide based solid electrolyte. The lithium ion battery prepared by the method has the advantages of high safety, relatively high capacity and good cycle performance.

The application arises from studies that have shown that electrochemical cells containing SPEs including: (i) a non-volatile organic ionic salt; and (ii) an inorganic electrolyte salt have an improved conductivity across a range of temperatures, and are more stable to water compared to electrochemical cells containing SPEs including either an IL or an inorganic electrolyte salt.

An inorganic solid electrolytic rechargeable battery capable of offering excellent battery characteristics is disclosed. The battery has positive and negative electrodes and an inorganic electrolyte interposed therebetween. The positive and negative electrodes are each made up of an active material layer and a current collector layer. The positive electrode collector layer or the negative electrode collector layer is a conductive metal oxide layer. The negative electrode active material layer is made of lithium metals or lithium alloys. This negative active layer may alternatively be made of a material which causes an operation voltage potential of the negative electrode to become more noble than 1.0 V with respect to the potential of a metallic lithium. A complexity-reduced fabrication method of the rechargeable battery is also disclosed.

The invention relates to a composite solid electrolyte membrane with a multilayer structure, a preparation method thereof and a solid-state battery. The composite solid electrolyte membrane comprisesan inorganic electrolyte layer and a polymer electrolyte layer, and further comprises a support framework layer, wherein the inorganic electrolyte layer is compounded on the positive electrode side surface of the support framework layer, the polymer electrolyte layer is compounded on the negative electrode side surface of the support framework layer, the support framework layer comprises a poroussupport framework, and the pore structure of the porous support framework is filled with an electrolyte material. According to the composite solid electrolyte membrane, the mechanical strength of theelectrolyte membrane is enhanced while positive and negative electrode electrolyte functional layers are provided, and the rate performance, the cycle performance and the safety of the battery are facilitated to be improved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing hydrocarbon through electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide. An electrolytic tank is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity through a proton exchange membrane, the left cavity and the right cavity are not communicated with each other, and the two cavities serve as a cathode chamber and an anode chamber respectively; and the cathode chamber is filled with an electrolyte solution, the electrolyte solution is an inorganic electrolyte aqueous solution where the carbon dioxide is dissolved, and an organic solvent is further added into the electrolyte solution. The method of combining inorganic salts and the organic solvent is adopted, and metal Cu electrodes in different shapes and forms serve as cathodes, anodes are formed by Pt pieces or Pt wire electrodes and the like, and therefore the conversion rate of the carbon dioxide and the energy cycle utilization rate are greatly increased.

For overcoming the problem of degradation of lithium battery performance caused by high probability of oxidization of an electrolyte of a high voltage lithium battery in the prior art, the invention provides a high voltage lithium battery cell. The high voltage lithium battery cell comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte positioned between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the electrolyte comprises an inorganic electrolyte layer and a polymer electrolyte layer positioned on the surface of the inorganic electrolyte layer; the inorganic electrolyte layer is positioned on the surface of the positive electrode; and the polymer electrolyte layer is positioned on the surface of the negative electrode. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a preparation method for the high voltage lithium battery cell and a lithium ion battery adopting the high voltage lithium battery cell. The high voltage lithium battery cell provided by the invention can overcome a large amount of negative problems caused by oxidization of the electrolyte, and the safety performance and the cycling performance of the lithium battery can be improved.

The invention discloses a compound oil displacement agent containing double-long-chain-alkyl sulphobetaine and an application thereof, which belong to the technical field of oil displacement in oil exploitation. The double-long-chain-alkyl sulphobetaine in the compound oil displacement agent disclosed by the invention is an ampholytic surfactant which is prepared by reacting double-long-chain-alkyl methyltertiary amine with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl sodium sulfonate or 1,3-phenylacetophenone, and the carbon atom number of each long-chain alkyl is 8-18. The surfactant has good oil solubility, is insoluble in water, and incapable of reducing the interfacial tension of Daqing crude oil/formation water to an order of magnitude of 10<-3>mN/m when used alone. The surfactant is compounded with a specific hydrophilic surfactant serving as solubilizer, wherein the molar fraction of the double-long-chain-alkyl sulphobetaine is 0.1-0.7, the addition of polyacrylamide in a water phase is 1000 mg/L, no alkali or inorganic electrolyte is added, and the interfacial tension of Daqing crude oil/formation water can be reduced to the order of magnitude of 10<-3> mN/m under a condition of total surfactant concentration of 0.25-12.5 mM (the mass fraction is about 0.015-0.75%).

The invention relates to an electrolytic extraction and determination method for nonmetallic inclusions in steel, and belongs to the field of physical research methods of metal. Aiming at the defects of an existing electrolytic method for observing the nonmetallic inclusions in the steel, and by improvement and innovation from the aspects such as specimen preparation, electrolyte, an electrolyzer and an extraction method, the invention provides a method, comprising the steps of for dissolving a specimen in the specially-made electrolyzer by adopting novel inorganic electrolyte with a simple formula, carrying out filtering, magnetic separation and sampling, and then directly observing the nonmetallic inclusions in the steel on filter paper; the method has the advantages of accurate determination and wide application range.

The invention belongs to the technical field of a lithium metal battery, and particularly relates to an inorganic/organic composite thin film solid-state electrolyte for the lithium metal battery. The inorganic/organic composite thin film solid-state electrolyte comprises a ceramic nanowire network framework, an inorganic electrolyte and a polymer electrolyte, wherein the inorganic electrolyte is combined with the ceramic nanowire network framework by a magnetron sputtering method, and the polymer electrolyte is combined with the inorganic electrolyte and the ceramic nanowire network framework in an in-situ way. Compared with the prior art, the ceramic nanowire network framework with a unique structure is used, and the multi-layer network-structure inorganic/organic composite thin film solid-state electrolyte is prepared on the basis; and moreover, by optimizing and improving the interface compatibility and stability of the inorganic/organic composite thin film solid-state electrolyte and a metal lithium electrode, rapid ion transmission is achieved, the growth of lithium dendrites is suppressed, the penetrating of the lithium dendrites is prevented, and the cycle stability and the safety of the lithium metal battery are improved.

The invention specifically relates to a method for extracting and separating platinum, palladium and rhodium by using an ionic liquid-based three-liquid phase system, which belongs to the technical field of solvent extraction and separation of metallic ions. The method comprises the following steps: 1) dissolving compounds of platinum, palladium and rhodium with hydrochloric acid having a concentration of 0.1 mol/L to 10 mol/L so as to obtain an aqueous solution containing platinum, palladium and rhodium ions, adding the aqueous solution into hydrophobic ionic liquid or hydrophilic ionic liquid containing an inorganic electrolyte salt, and carrying out mixing and centrifugation so as to obtain a coexisting two-liquid phase system; 2) adding an organic extracting agent into the two-liquid phase system obtained in step 1) so as to obtain a three liquid phase coexisting system with three incompatible phases, i.e., an upper phase, a middle phase and a lower phase, wherein, the upper phaseis an organic phase containing palladium, the middle phase is an aqueous phase containing rhodium, and the lower phase is an ionic liquid phase containing platinum. The advantages of the invention are as follows: simultaneous three-phase separation of platinum, palladium and rhodium is realized in the process of one-step extraction; high separation selectivity is obtained; lengthy flow in conventional liquid-liquid two-phase extraction and separation for platinum, palladium and rhodium can be effectively simplified.

The invention relates to a method for removing metal ion purity of rare earth solution aqueous solution aqueous solution extraction, and belongs to the metallurgy filed of rare earth extraction. The method comprises the following steps: hydroxylamine hydrochloride or ascorbic acid taken as a deoxidizer and a hydrosoluble chemical complexing agent are added to an aqueous solution containing various kinds of rare earth ions and purity metal ions of aluminum, iron and/or silicon; the pH value of the aqueous solution is regulated; a hydrosoluble high polymer and an inorganic electrolyte salt are sequentially added into the aqueous solution, and are vibrated and mixed at the room temperature, so that a polymer dual-phase aqueous system is obtained; an organic solution not dissolving in water is added, and a liquid-liquid-liquid three-layer liquid phase coexistence system is obtained. Purity metal ions of aluminum, iron and silicon can gather in a three-phase system polymer while rare earth ion selectively gather in the organic upper phase and/or brine lower phase of a three-phase system. The method can extract and separate rare earth ions, and extract and remove purity metal ions of the aluminum, silicon, iron and the like, and is simple in process flow and high in separation efficiency.

The invention discloses a lithium/air battery which belongs to the chemical power source field and is designed for solving the technical problem anode metallic lithium corrosion, high possibility of power failure and bad cycle performance of the existing lithium air battery. A shell is divided into an anode room, a buffer room and a cathode room by a solid inorganic electrolyte membrane and a diaphragm. The lithium/air battery uses a hydrophobic ionic liquid as an anode electrolyte, which has the advantages of non-volatile, high conductivity, wide electrochemical window, low melting point and moderate viscosity, and can prevent the metallic lithium from being corroded by water and oxygen. The cathode uses a water base-weak acid-buffer solution with the Ph of not less than 4 and not more than 5 as the electrolyte; compared with a neutral or alkaline electrolyte, the water base-weak acid-buffer solution ensures that the average discharge voltage (0.1-0.2V) can be improved, a discharge plateau can be prolonged, and the corrosion of the strongly alkaline electrolyte to the solid inorganic electrolyte membrane is reduced; and a cathode discharge product is a water-soluble LiOH which cannot deposit on the surface or in the duct of the cathode to cause power failure, and is good in cycle performance.

The invention relates to a preparation of a double-long-chain non-ionic oil-removing surfactant and applications, belonging to colloid and interface chemistry fields. In the invention, by reacting fatty alcohol with chloropropylene oxide and ethylene oxide, a novel non-ionic surfactant-double-long-chain alkyl glyceryl ether ethoxy compound is prepared. The surfactant has excellent chemical stability, acid and alkali resistance and inorganic electrolyte, wherein the hydrophile lipophile balance can be regulated by controlling alkyl chain length of the raw material fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide number of added on each molecule. The surfactant has big saturation adsorption quantity on a water/air and oil/water interface, thereby high efficiency reducing a tensile force of a crude oil/water interface. The surfactant can be matched to other surfactants, wherein a mol fraction of the surfactant is 0.1-0.5, and a total mass fraction of the surfactant is in a range of 0.05-0.5%, under an oil reservoir temperature 45 DEG C, the interface tension force of Daqing crude oil/stratum water is reduced to 10-3mN/m order of magnitude, without addition of any acid salt, basic salt, neutral electrolyte and cosurfactant. Therefore, the surfactant is suitable for being used as an alkali-free oil displacement agent.

The invention relates to a solidified composite electrolyte and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lithium secondary battery electrolytes. The electrolyte is a gel composite electrolyte, and is formed by compounding a porous inorganic electrolyte network with an ionic liquid; and the electrolyte is the in-situ gel composite electrolyte formed by limiting an ionic liquid by a porous inorganic electrolyte network in situ or an ex-situ adsorption-type gel composite electrolyte formed by limiting an ionic liquid by a porous inorganic electrolyte network ex situ. The method adopts an ionic liquid to assist a sol-gel method, and the in-situ gel composite electrolyte, an all-solid-state electrolyte or the ex-situ adsorption-type gel composite electrolyte can be prepared in the different steps of one method. The electrolyte is in a porous network structure and a nano-particle size, represents high ionic conductivity, wide electrochemical stability window, good heat stability, chemical stability and mechanical strength, good film-forming property, and is easy to process and form; and the method is simple, low in consumption, energy-saving, green and environment-friendly.

The organic electrolyte is composed of the inorganic electrolyte, the organic electrolyte, the organic solvent and the poly component additive. The organic electrolyte the the inorganic electrolyte are dissociated in the organic solvent to supply the cation and anion. The organic solvent is the dimethyl sulfoxide innocuous organic compound of higher decomposition voltage. The poly component additive decreases the viscosity and internal resistance of the organic solvent, and improves the electrochemical stability and safety of the organic electrolyte. Thus the density of energy and power of the super-capacitor is improved.

The invention discloses a composite electrolyte membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite electrolyte membrane comprises a porous membrane substrate which is filled withhot-melt polymer filling particles, an organic-inorganic electrolyte filling layer which is arranged on at least part of the surface of the porous membrane substrate and comprises organic-inorganic electrolyte of which at least part fills the porous membrane substrate, and a polymer electrolyte buffer layer which is arranged on at least part of the organic-inorganic electrolyte filling layer andcovers the porous membrane substrate as a surface in contact with electrodes. The composite electrolyte membrane has the advantages of high safety performance, excellent mechanical strength, high conductivity at room temperature and good interface compatibility with positive and negative electrodes.

The invention relates to a silicon oxide sphere particle, in particular to a method for preparing a hollow nano silicon oxide sphere. In a bionic system with room temperature approximately neutral, the three block copolymer F1127 is taken as a structure guiding agent, the mutual interactions between hydrolytic oil-soluble silica resources and the three block copolymer F1127 and inorganic electrolytes are controlled, the hollow spherical particle is obtained by steps of the preparation of polymer micelle, hydrolytic polymerization of silica resources, hydrothermal crystallization, drying and extraction of the structure guiding agent; the size of the spherical particle is continuously adjusted in the range of between 10 and 20nm, and the thickness of a shell wall is continuously adjusted in the range of between 4 and 10nm. The synthesized nano hollow sphere has the advantages of big specific surface, big hole capacity, uniform particle size and good dispersibility of the particle, a multi-level structure formed between nano hollow spheres and high mechanical stability and thermal stability, etc.

The present invention relates to an inorganic hybrid lithium ion super capacitor, which comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separating film between the electrodes, and inorganic electrolyte containing lithium ions; the super capacitor is characterized in: the positive electrode is made of one or more lithium ion embedded compounds; the negative electrode is made of one or several materials among active carbon, nanometer carbon tube, carbon fiber, resin carbon, and organic polymer pyrolytic carbon; in addition, the compatibility and mass percents of the materials for the positive and negative electrodes are optimized; moreover, a separating film with high compatibility and electrolyte material with high conductivity are used, so that the energy density of the super capacitor is greatly improved; in addition, the super capacitor has an extremely long cycle life, and can be used in a variety of environments that require high power and zero maintenance.