89 results about "Phase separation process" patented technology

The present application relates to a composite diaphragm, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The composite diaphragm comprises a three-dimensional porous support layer and a membrane material, wherein pores of the three-dimensional porous support layer are filled with the membrane material; the three-dimensional porous support layer comprises fiber filaments and / or a fiber cloth, and the fiber filaments and / or fiber filaments constituting the fiber cloth are hydrophilic fiber filaments and / or roughened fiber filaments. The composite diaphragm forms an elastic collapse-resistant support framework by means of multi-layer stacking, interweaving and winding of the fiber filaments, which improves the compression strength of the diaphragm; the treated fiber filaments can increase their contact with a casting solution, and the casting solution and the fiber network are interactively filled, which increases the contact volume between a liquid membrane and a phase separation non-solvent and delays the phase separation process during solidification so as to form a uniform sponge microporous dense structure, such that the formation of large finger-shaped through holes is inhibited, thereby facilitating the blocking of gas passage and improvement to the chemical stability. The casting solution is uniformly distributed in the fiber framework, and the membrane material is firmly anchored by the three-dimensional fiber network after solidification, such that the mechanical stability of the diaphragm is improved.

The invention discloses thermally induced phase separation normal-pressure special engineering plastic powder and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials, and the method comprises the following steps: mixing special engineering plastic granules, a diluent and a functional additive, and heating and dissolving in stages to form a homogeneous solution; then cooling at the speed of 10-300 DEG C / min to induce solid-liquid phase separation, and solidifying and separating out powder particles; after the diluent is removed through an extracting agent, powder is obtained through reduced-pressure suction filtration, solvent cleaning and vacuum drying. The method is operated under normal pressure, the limitation of a traditional high-pressure method is broken through, the phase separation process is synergistically optimized by regulating and controlling the solubility parameter and the cooling rate of a compound diluent and a functional additive, accurate control over the morphology and the particle size of the powder is achieved, and the obtained powder is high in sphericity degree and narrow in particle size distribution and has excellent fluidity and melting performance; the method is suitable for high-end fields such as laser sintering and electrostatic spraying, and the process is green and environment-friendly.

The invention discloses a polyether-ether-ketone bicontinuous porous coating or membrane based on non-solvent induced phase separation and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the following steps that polyether-ether-ketone is dissolved in a mixed solution of methanesulfonic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, a solution A is obtained, hydroxide, oxide or salt of metal is added into the solution A, uniform mixing is conducted, and mixed slurry is obtained; the mass ratio of the polyether-ether-ketone to the hydroxide, oxide or salt of the metal is (0.5-4): 1; and coating the surface of a substrate with the mixed slurry, placing the substrate in wet air or water for a set time, carrying out induced phase separation, and cleaning after complete curing. Alkali or metal salt is used as an additive, the starting point and path of components in the phase separation process can be regulated and controlled, then the formation and size of a bicontinuous structure are controlled, and a highly-controllable coating structure is achieved.

The invention discloses a green preparation method for realizing a high-performance chitosan film through pH regulation and control of a citric acid buffering agent, and belongs to the field of food packaging and high polymer materials. According to the method, a water phase separation method is adopted, a citric acid buffering agent serves as a water phase environment, and a chitosan solution is induced to be subjected to phase separation and gelation by regulating and controlling the pH value (preferably 5.0-5.5) of the citric acid buffering agent. The preparation method comprises the following specific steps: dissolving chitosan powder in an alkali urea solvent (KOH: urea: water = 7: 12: 81), inducing gelation through a citric acid buffer agent, carrying out solvent replacement through an ethanol solution, and drying and curing. According to the method, a chemical cross-linking agent does not need to be used, and the core is that a buffer system is used for regulating and controlling the phase separation process to promote aggregation among chitosan molecular chains, so that a compact physical structure network is constructed. The prepared chitosan film has excellent mechanical strength, water resistance, gas barrier property, biocompatibility and degradability, and is suitable for the fields of food, medicine packaging and the like.

The invention provides a hollow ultrafiltration membrane and a preparation method and application thereof.In the preparation method, a non-water-soluble ether compound is adopted as a pore opening agent, in the non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) process, a membrane casting solution enters a coagulating bath for phase separation after being extruded, the ether compound is migrated due to the fact that mass transfer cannot be conducted between the ether compound and water, and the membrane casting solution enters the coagulating bath for phase separation; the ether compound is dissolved out through post-treatment, and the composite structure hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane with nano-scale open pores in both the inner surface and the outer surface and a sponge body structure in the interior is prepared. In an actual filtering process, pollutants are intercepted for multiple times by virtue of nano-scale open pore channels on the surface of the membrane and an internal sponge body structure, so that the use requirements of high pure water flux and high interception efficiency are met. The retention rate of the obtained hollow ultrafiltration membrane on 50nm silicon dioxide particles is not less than 99%, and the pure water flux is not less than 600L / (m < 2 > hbar) (25 DEG C). And efficient and stable terminal filtering guarantee can be provided for an ultrapure water system.

The invention relates to the technical field of tetrafluoroethane production, and discloses a tetrafluoroethane phase separation system which comprises a main phase separator, the main phase separator is connected with a preheater, the preheater is connected with a cooler, the cooler is connected with a circulating pump, and the circulating pump is connected with a buffer tank; the main phase separator is connected with a light phase storage tank, and the light phase storage tank is connected with a light phase delivery pump I and a light phase delivery pump II; the main phase separator is connected with a heavy phase storage tank, and the heavy phase storage tank is connected with a heavy phase delivery pump I and a heavy phase delivery pump II; and the main phase separator is also connected with an online component analyzer, and the online component analyzer can detect the component proportion of each phase of tetrafluoroethane in the phase separator in real time so as to accurately regulate and control the phase separation process according to the detection result. Through a plurality of innovative assemblies and connection modes, the phase separation device has remarkable beneficial effects in the aspects of precise regulation and control of the phase separation process, product purity improvement, impurity removal, energy recycling, heavy phase treatment and the like.

Compositions and methods for three-dimensional (3D) printing of a variety of products are described. The composition comprises (i) a photoredox component comprising an electron donor and a redox shuttle, and (ii) one or more photoinert materials. The disclosed compositions and methods related to 3D nanoprinting techniques mainly utilize physical processes of phase separation induced by molecular aggregation from light energy input. The driving force of molecular aggregation comes from a photoredox active component in the vicinity of one or more photoinert materials (e.g., molecules to undergo molecular aggregation). Preferably, the collision between the photoredox active component and one or more photoinert materials provides a general phase separation process. The photoredox active component acts as an active bath, allowing any submerged inert reagent to inherit the active properties of the photosensitizer.

The invention discloses a self-supporting metal organic framework polymer composite interface modification membrane and a preparation method thereof. According to the membrane, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is used as a flexible substrate, a self-supporting structure is formed through a phase separation process, and a ZIF-8 nanosheet array with a Sodalite type topological structure grows on the surface in situ. Relates to the technical field of lithium metal battery diaphragms and interface modification. The composite membrane prepared by the invention has high specific surface area, uniform pore size distribution and excellent mechanical stability and cycling stability, can provide a uniform lithium ion transmission channel while ensuring the wettability of an electrolyte, effectively inhibits dendritic crystal generation and reduces interface impedance. The preparation method provided by the invention is mild in condition and simple and convenient in process, can be compatible with an existing battery production process, and is suitable for large-area preparation. The composite membrane is not only suitable for a lithium metal battery, but also can be expanded to a sodium metal battery, a solid-state battery and a lithium-sulfur battery, and a new material scheme is provided for realizing safe and long-life operation of a high-energy-density energy storage system.

The invention provides a material microstructure digital design method based on a non-local model. The material microstructure digital design method can be used for controlling the microstructure and performance of a material. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a fractional order Cahn-Hilliard equation model for describing diffusion and phase separation processes of components in a material; selecting non-local parameters to control the phase distribution characteristics of the material; the fractional order equation is solved through numerical values, and material component space distribution under different non-local parameter values is obtained; constructing a material atom model based on the obtained component distribution; and analyzing the performance of the constructed model in combination with molecular dynamics simulation. By regulating and controlling non-local parameters, materials with different microstructures can be obtained under the same component proportion, accurate control of the microstructures and collaborative optimization of multiple properties such as strength, toughness and conductivity are achieved, and the method is suitable for material design in the fields of electronic packaging, high-performance conductors, aerospace and the like.

The present invention discloses an iron single-atom catalyst and its preparation method and application, belonging to the field of catalyst preparation technology. The present invention combines gelation, non-solvent to phase separation process and amidoximation reaction to prepare porous amidoximated polyacrylonitrile from polyacrylonitrile powder, and then obtains porous amidoximated polyacrylonitrile chelated with iron ions and zinc ions by immersion in a metal salt solution, and finally performs a high-temperature pyrolysis process to convert the porous metal chelate precursor into a porous iron single-atom catalyst. The prepared catalyst has a high specific surface area and a rich three-dimensional continuous hierarchical porous structure, contains a rich number of Fe-N2O2 catalytic active sites, and can efficiently catalyze the cathode oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cells and metal-air batteries.

The invention relates to the technical field of adsorbent preparation, and discloses a preparation method of an efficient separation adsorbent for indium and germanium in a zinc solution, which comprises the following steps: in a porous inorganic mineral substrate, dipping a mixed solution containing an organic functional agent, a monomer, a cross-linking agent, a pore-foaming agent and an organic solvent under ultrasonic treatment; the in-situ polymerization reaction and the polymerization-induced phase separation process are carried out concurrently through cooperative regulation and control of multiple chemical and physical processes, physical embedding of the functional agent on the mineral substrate is achieved to solve the loss problem, and meanwhile the in-situ polymerization reaction and the polymerization-induced phase separation process are carried out at the same time. And an internal microporous structure of a polymer network is synchronously constructed, and the chemical activity of the functional agent is guaranteed, so that the adsorbent has high stability and high-speed mass transfer kinetics.

This invention provides a high-performance, high-precision gradient pore ultrafiltration membrane and its preparation method, belonging to the field of membrane preparation technology. Lithium chloride can alter the thermodynamic properties of the casting solution, affecting the aggregation state of polymer molecules and the phase separation process. CTAB has multiple functions in the phase inversion membrane preparation process; as a non-solvent additive, it regulates the phase separation behavior of the polymer PVDF, promoting the formation of more uniform nanoscale channels. DOP has a unique molecular structure and physicochemical properties, playing a multifaceted role in improving membrane performance; by inserting itself between PVDF molecular chains, it weakens the intermolecular forces, making the molecular chains more loosely arranged, thereby forming more interconnected channels and increasing flux. Simultaneously, it helps to form a narrow pore size distribution, reducing macropore defects and improving retention accuracy. This invention, through the mixing of the above substances, effectively achieves a high-porosity, nanoscale pore structure, realizing a high-performance, high-precision gradient pore ultrafiltration membrane preparation method.

The present application provides an extractant and a method for purifying alkaline gold-containing wastewater, belonging to the field of wastewater purification. The extractant uses a rigid bisphenol fluorene ring to replace the traditional aliphatic long-chain skeleton. Its unique V-shaped spatial configuration forms a molecular pre-organized cavity through phenolic bond bridging, accurately matching the linear / planar geometric configuration of the gold-cyanide complex, and significantly enhancing the coordination binding ability. Through the molecular structure, the π electron system of the bisphenol fluorene skeleton works synergistically with the thioamide group, weakening the Au-CN bond through π-d electron coupling, while constructing a sulfur-oxygen dual active site to hierarchically capture Au. + / Au 3+ , achieving directional dissociation of the complex and adaptive chelation of the valence state. This application optimizes interface regulation, forms a gradient interfacial tension layer through the hydrophobic segments connected by phenolic bonds, greatly accelerates the phase separation process, achieves a gold recovery rate of >95%, overcomes the synergistic problem of highly selective extraction and deep purification, and achieves the purpose of purifying alkaline cyanide gold-containing wastewater.

The invention belongs to the technical field of membrane materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a dumbbell-shaped polyethersulfone virus-removing membrane, which comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a membrane-forming polymer, an amphiphilic polymer, a non-solvent pore-foaming agent and an organic solvent, stirring, dissolving and defoaming to obtain a uniform and stable membrane casting solution; s2, blade-coating the membrane casting liquid on a support body to form a liquid membrane; s3, exposing the liquid film in humidity-controllable air for a period of time, and carrying out a steam-induced phase separation process; s4, immersing the cast film obtained in the step S3 into a coagulating bath to complete phase inversion so as to form a solid-state film; s5, the formed solid membrane is sequentially subjected to water washing, hole preserving treatment and drying, and the dumbbell-shaped polyethersulfone virus-removing membrane is obtained. The compact layer in the dumbbell-shaped structure ensures the high virus rejection rate, and the porous structure with the open interior reduces the transmission resistance of water to the minimum, so that the unification of the high virus rejection rate and the high water flux is realized, and the protein transmittance is ensured to be more than 98%.

The application discloses a hydrogel with a directional conical porous structure and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of atmospheric water collection.The directional conical porous structure hydrogel with atmospheric water collection capacity is prepared by first preparing a uniform sodium alginate solution and an acid solution respectively, then pouring the sodium alginate solution into a mold, adding the acid solution, and finally obtaining the hydrogel with the directional conical porous structure through an acid-induced phase separation process.Compared with traditional hydrogels, the hydrogel obtained by the application not only has a rapid moisture absorption-desorption efficiency, but also has excellent cycle stability.In a plurality of moisture absorption-desorption cycles, the hydrogel can maintain a high moisture absorption amount, reduce moisture absorption salt loss, and prolong the service life of the material; and the preparation process of the application is simple, the cost is low, the environmental friendliness is high, and industrial production can be realized.

Methods for recording grating structures and the resulting grating structures are disclosed herein. In one example, a method includes depositing a holographic mixture onto a first substrate, the holographic mixture containing a mixture of a monomer and an inert material; exposing the holographic mixture using a holographic exposure phase separation process to form a nanostructure comprising a polymer-rich region and an inert material-rich region; removing inert material from the inert material-rich region to form a grating comprising a polymer-rich region and a region containing a residual polymer network; applying an ashing process to the regions containing the residual polymer network to form an ashed grating comprising polymer-rich regions and air regions; a coating material is deposited onto the ashed grating to form a coated grating, wherein the coating material backfills the air regions and coats the polymer-rich regions.

The application discloses a preparation method of a PVDF-polydopamine blended ultrafiltration membrane based on NaClO induction, and comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving PVDF, polyvinylpyrrolidone and dopamine in an organic solvent, and gradually stirring and heating to form a homogeneous casting solution; (2) uniformly coating the homogeneous casting solution on the surface of a glass plate by using a scraper, and then standing at room temperature; and (3) immersing and standing the coated glass plate in a constant-temperature NaClO solution, and forming a film by phase separation oxidation to obtain the blended ultrafiltration membrane. According to the preparation method, the dopamine monomer is directly added in the casting solution, NaClO is only introduced in the gel bath in the membrane forming stage of the traditional phase separation method, and a redox reaction is induced on the membrane interface in the phase separation process, so that a homogeneous polydopamine coating layer can be formed on the membrane surface in the phase separation process; the operation method is simple, the polydopamine formation period is short, the applicability is strong, and the stability, hydrophilicity and permeability of the membrane are good.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium adsorbents, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a micro / nano fiber aerogel aluminum-based lithium adsorbent, which comprises the following steps: preparing an aluminum-based lithium adsorbent precursor by a coprecipitation method; mixing the obtained powder precursor with a viscous solution, then preparing the micro / nano fiber aerogel aluminum-based lithium adsorbent through a gel electrostatic spinning method, and forming a rough aerogel structure in the phase separation process of fibers, so as to ensure that the fibers have high specific surface area and a good pore structure; meanwhile, the problem of non-uniform dispersion of the powder adsorbent is effectively solved, and the adsorption performance of the adsorbent is improved; the method is easy to operate, low in cost and environmentally friendly, the prepared material is found to have excellent lithium ion adsorption performance through characterization, the wide application prospect is shown, especially in the field of water treatment, and the research result provides a new thought and method for forming preparation and application of the aluminum-based lithium adsorbent.

Disclosed herein are methods for recording grating structures and the resulting grating structures. In one example, the method includes depositing a holographic mixture containing a mixture of a monomer and an inert material on a first substrate, exposing the holographic mixture to form nanostructures containing polymer-rich regions and inert material-rich regions using a holographic exposure phase separation process, removing the inert material from the inert material-rich regions to form a grating containing polymer-rich regions and regions containing a residual polymer network, applying an ashing process to the regions containing the residual polymer network to form an ashed grating containing polymer-rich regions and air regions, and depositing a coating material on the ashed grating to form a coated grating, where the coating material backfills the air regions and covers the polymer-rich regions.

The invention discloses a preparation method of blended high-molecular polymer hollow fiber membrane spinning, which comprises the following steps: preparing a spinning solution: taking a membrane casting solution and a core solution, and uniformly mixing the membrane casting solution and the core solution respectively; the membrane casting solution comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 25-30% of polysulfone particles, 0.5-10% of polyimide A powder, 0.5-10% of polyimide B powder, 35-40% of a weakly volatile organic solvent, 20% of a volatile organic solvent and 10% of a non-solvent; the core liquid comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20% of pure water and 80% of a weakly volatile organic solvent; spinning: spinning the mixed solution by adopting a dry-wet phase separation process to obtain membrane filaments; the membrane filaments are placed in a water tank for three days to remove residual solution, water stored in the water tank is replaced every day, the membrane filaments are taken out of the water tank and dried at room temperature, and a finished product is obtained. According to the invention, a plurality of polymers are blended according to different proportions to prepare the membrane casting solution, and meanwhile, the operation process is accurately adjusted, so that the balance of the gas separation effect is finally achieved.

This invention belongs to the field of flexible strain sensor technology, and particularly relates to the preparation of a carbon nanotube coil flexible strain sensor based on the evaporation-induced phase separation method guided by Hansen's solubility parameter theory. The method involves screening the solvent-solute system based on Hansen's solubility parameter theory, first modifying the carbon nanotube coil with Fe-Sn bimetallic catalytic growth and acidification functionalization, then preparing a carbon nanotube coil / thermoplastic polyurethane composite porous membrane via a one-step evaporation-induced phase separation method, and finally encapsulating the membrane with electrodes to obtain the finished flexible strain sensor. The method includes three steps: formulation screening based on HSP theory, growth and functionalization modification of CNCs, and one-step sensor preparation. By controlling the precipitation behavior of the polymer phase and conductive filler phase during the evaporation-induced phase separation process, thermoplastic polyurethane is first precipitated to form a porous framework, and then CNCs are directionally enriched and deposited on the pore wall surface, thereby constructing a highly exposed three-dimensional conductive network and obtaining a monolithic integrated flexible strain sensor.

The invention discloses a polymer composite aerogel fiber and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a preparation method of a polymer composite aerogel fiber, which comprises the following steps: preparing graphene oxide and polyimide acid into a mixed solution, then carrying out mixed spinning, and carrying out auxiliary regulation and control on a phase separation process of polymer aerogel by utilizing the amphipathy and confinement effect of the graphene oxide, so as to obtain the aerogel fiber with a sponge hole structure. The aerogel fiber has a large-pore and small-pore composite structure which has an excellent effect on heat insulation and adsorption, and meanwhile, the structure also provides sufficient space, so that the polyimide composite aerogel fiber can be impregnated with phase-change materials such as paraffin and polyethylene glycol to be applied to the fields of heat management of heating devices and the like.

The application discloses a kind of oil-water two-phase microchannel separation method and microchannel separation device.The microchannel separator device of the application includes upper cover plate, lower cover plate and micro-separator-1, micro-separator-2 sealed and installed between upper cover plate, lower cover plate in sequence.The method of the application uses a kind of microchannel separation device, using the surface properties and size confinement effect of microchannel, oil-water two-phase can be separated quickly and efficiently in microchannel, the separation process is continuous and controllable, improves the separation efficiency of oil-water system, realizes 100% separation selectivity under high feed rate, can realize the intensification and equipment miniaturization of oil-water two-phase separation process in chemical separation technology field.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a porous stainless steel alloy hollow fiber membrane, in particular to a preparation method of a nano-pore stainless steel alloy hollow fiber membrane. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a spinning solution containing four components, namely 316L stainless steel powder, copper powder, a polymer adhesive and an organic solvent; 2, preparing the spinning solution into hollow fibers through a non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process by adopting a solution spinning method, and airing the hollow fibers in air to obtain a polymer hollow fiber precursor containing metal components; and step 3, putting the dried hollow fiber precursor into a tubular furnace, and calcining in a gas atmosphere by adopting a programmed heating method to obtain the nano-porous stainless steel / copper alloy hollow fiber membrane. The defects that an existing porous stainless steel hollow fiber membrane is large in apparent aperture and rough in surface are overcome.

The invention provides a high-solid-content polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of water reducing agent preparation.The preparation method comprises the steps that the pH value of a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent mother solution is adjusted to range from 4 to 5.2, inorganic salt is added under the constant-temperature stirring condition to achieve phase separation, standing layering and centrifugal treatment, an obtained enriched phase is subjected to vacuum evaporation concentration, and the high-solid-content polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the polycarboxylate superplasticizer with the required solid content is prepared by performing phase separation process treatment on the polycarboxylate superplasticizer with the low solid content. Effective separation of effective components and water is achieved, loss of product mass is reduced, energy consumption in the production process is reduced, and the method can be suitable for industrial large-scale production. In addition, the prepared polycarboxylic acid water reducer has good water reducing and slump retaining properties and the like.

The invention discloses an anti-calcification heart valve prosthesis and preparation thereof, and particularly relates to the field of heart valve prosthesis application. The preparation method comprises the following steps: soaking a bacterial nano cellulose membrane (BNC membrane) in a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution, and then carrying out freezing phase separation after-treatment, thereby obtaining the bacterial nano cellulose membrane. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a film-shaped BNC material; soaking the BNC membrane with the moisture removed in a polyvinyl alcohol solution; performing phase separation treatment on the BNC membrane containing the polyvinyl alcohol solution; removing residual impurities on the surface of the composite membrane; suturing the artificial heart valve prosthesis; according to the preparation method, the thickness of the BNC membrane can be reduced, so that the thickness of the composite membrane is reduced, the mechanical property, anticoagulation and anti-calcification properties of the composite membrane are improved, and the preparation method has great application potential in the field of artificial heart valves.

The invention discloses a passive radiation cooling super-hydrophobic composite film based on a bionic water strider leg structure and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional materials.The preparation method comprises the following steps that after a template with micron-sized taper holes is soaked in an alcoholic solution of silane, P (VDF-HFP) mixed colloid is evenly spread on the template, and a composite film is obtained; and carrying out phase separation and curing to obtain the passive radiation cooling super-hydrophobic composite film. The P (VDF-HFP) mixed colloid is prepared from 0.5 wt% of nano aluminum oxide powder and 0.5 wt% of nano hydroxyapatite powder. On the basis of a bionic water strider leg structure, a P (VDF-HFP) mixture containing nanometer aluminum oxide and nanometer hydroxyapatite is combined, and the composite film with the super-hydrophobic performance, the anti-icing performance and the passive refrigeration effect is obtained. The obtained composite film can be applied to the fields of passive radiation cooling, surface protection, surface self-cleaning, deicing and anti-icing and the like, the passive radiation refrigeration capacity in a polluted environment can be effectively improved, and the overall energy efficiency and sustainability of a system in a low-temperature environment are enhanced. And the energy-saving and cooling effects are achieved with lower cost and better effects.

The present application relates to a composite diaphragm, and a preparation method therefor and the use thereof. The composite diaphragm comprises a three-dimensional porous support layer and a membrane material, wherein pores of the three-dimensional porous support layer are filled with the membrane material; the three-dimensional porous support layer comprises fiber filaments and / or a fiber cloth, and the fiber filaments and / or fiber filaments constituting the fiber cloth are hydrophilic fiber filaments and / or roughened fiber filaments. The composite diaphragm forms an elastic collapse-resistant support framework by means of multi-layer stacking, interweaving and winding of the fiber filaments, which improves the compression strength of the diaphragm; the treated fiber filaments can increase their contact with a casting solution, and the casting solution and the fiber network are interactively filled, which increases the contact volume between a liquid membrane and a phase separation non-solvent and delays the phase separation process during solidification so as to form a uniform sponge microporous dense structure, such that the formation of large finger-shaped through holes is inhibited, thereby facilitating the blocking of gas passage and improvement to the chemical stability. The casting solution is uniformly distributed in the fiber framework, and the membrane material is firmly anchored by the three-dimensional fiber network after solidification, such that the mechanical stability of the diaphragm is improved.

The invention provides brown milk skin layered yoghurt and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of yoghurt, the brown milk skin layered yoghurt comprises 80-90 parts of raw milk, 1-10 parts of cream, 0.6-1.2 parts of a compound stabilizer, 4-10 parts of sugar, and 0.01-0.05 part of a strain, the brown milk skin layered yoghurt is finally prepared through the processes of primary burdening of raw milk and sugar, high-temperature cooking, secondary burdening of residual raw materials, high-speed shearing, homogenization, sterilization, rapid cooling, inoculation, re-heating, fermentation, refrigeration and after-ripening. In the preparation process, Maillard reaction is promoted through high-temperature cooking, and controllable browning is realized; cream is fully emulsified through high-speed shearing, emulsified particles are dispersed through low-pressure homogenization, and the cream particles can be gathered and solidified at a proper speed in the fermentation process; and the subsequent rapid cooling and re-heating steps after pasteurization effectively control the protein solidification and phase separation process, finally form a layered structure with stable layers and fine texture, and improve the appetite and interestingness at the same time.

The present application refers to an ultrasonic oxidative desulfurization method for gasoline or diesel, comprising: Step 1, mixing an oxidant solution with an organic acid catalyst solution to obtain a mixture solution, wherein the oxidant reacts with the organic acid catalyst to obtain a peroxy acid; Step 2, mixing the mixture solution with gasoline or diesel and heating to 50 to 70° C., and performing an ultrasonic oxidative reaction under ultrasonic waves at 15 to 25 kHz to obtain a pre-prepared oil; wherein a mass flow ratio of the oxidant solution, the organic acid catalyst solution and the gasoline or diesel is (0.03-0.08):(0.01-0.03):1; Step 3, performing a phase separation process to the pre-prepared oil; and Step 4, recycling the organic acid catalyst and performing a countercurrent extraction for the gasoline or diesel to obtain a desulfurized gasoline or diesel.