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Method for extracting and separating platinum, palladium and rhodium by using ionic liquid-based three-liquid phase system

A technology of ionic liquid and three liquid phases, which can be applied to the improvement of process efficiency, photographic technology, instruments, etc., can solve the problem of low separation selectivity and achieve the effects of high separation selectivity, easy hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, and simplified process flow

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-04-18
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The development of ionic liquid two-phase aqueous system for the separation of metal ions has been reported in the literature, but its separation selectivity is still low when dealing with mixed solutions of metal ions with similar properties.

Method used

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  • Method for extracting and separating platinum, palladium and rhodium by using ionic liquid-based three-liquid phase system
  • Method for extracting and separating platinum, palladium and rhodium by using ionic liquid-based three-liquid phase system

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] Dissolve platinum, palladium and rhodium chloride in 5 mL of 0.1 mol / L aqueous hydrochloric acid solution to prepare a metal mixed solution containing platinum, palladium and rhodium ions. The concentrations of the three metal ions are all 100 mg / L. Add 2.5 mL of ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim][PF 6 ]). After fully shaking and mixing at room temperature, centrifugation is carried out to obtain a two-liquid phase system in which upper and lower layers coexist. Then 5 mL of diisoamyl sulfide (S201)-dodecane organic mixed solution was added, and the weight percent concentration of S201 in dodecane was 30 wt%. After fully shaking and mixing at room temperature, the mixture is subjected to centrifugation to obtain a three-liquid-phase coexistence system of upper, middle and lower layers that are mutually immiscible and clear and separated. Get upper, middle and lower three phases and measure palladium, rhodium, platinum concentration r...

Embodiment 2

[0029] Dissolve platinum, palladium and rhodium chlorides with 5mL of hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 3mol / L to prepare a metal mixed solution containing platinum, palladium and rhodium ions. The concentrations of the three metal ions are all 100mg / L. Add 5 mL of ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim][PF 6 ]). After fully shaking and mixing at room temperature, centrifugation is carried out to obtain a two-liquid phase system in which upper and lower layers coexist. Then 5 mL of diisoamyl sulfide (S201)-nonane organic mixed solution was added, and the weight percent concentration of S201 in nonane was 50 wt%. After fully shaking and mixing at room temperature, the mixture is subjected to centrifugation to obtain a three-liquid-phase coexistence system of upper, middle and lower layers that are mutually immiscible and clear and separated. Get upper, middle and lower three phases and measure palladium, rhodium, platinum...

Embodiment 3

[0031] Dissolve platinum, palladium and rhodium chloride with 5 mL of 1mol / L aqueous hydrochloric acid solution to prepare a mixed metal solution containing platinum, palladium and rhodium ions. The concentrations of the three metal ions are all 300 mg / L. Add 10 mL of ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4mim][PF 6 ]). After fully shaking and mixing at room temperature, centrifugation is carried out to obtain a two-liquid phase system in which upper and lower layers coexist. Then 10 mL of di-n-octyl sulfide (DOS)-dodecane organic mixed solution was added, and the weight percent concentration of DOS in dodecane was 30 wt%. After fully shaking and mixing at room temperature, the mixture is subjected to centrifugation to obtain a three-liquid-phase coexistence system of upper, middle and lower layers that are mutually immiscible and clear and separated. Get upper, middle and lower three phases and measure palladium, rhodium, platinum concentration res...

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Abstract

The invention specifically relates to a method for extracting and separating platinum, palladium and rhodium by using an ionic liquid-based three-liquid phase system, which belongs to the technical field of solvent extraction and separation of metallic ions. The method comprises the following steps: 1) dissolving compounds of platinum, palladium and rhodium with hydrochloric acid having a concentration of 0.1 mol / L to 10 mol / L so as to obtain an aqueous solution containing platinum, palladium and rhodium ions, adding the aqueous solution into hydrophobic ionic liquid or hydrophilic ionic liquid containing an inorganic electrolyte salt, and carrying out mixing and centrifugation so as to obtain a coexisting two-liquid phase system; 2) adding an organic extracting agent into the two-liquid phase system obtained in step 1) so as to obtain a three liquid phase coexisting system with three incompatible phases, i.e., an upper phase, a middle phase and a lower phase, wherein, the upper phaseis an organic phase containing palladium, the middle phase is an aqueous phase containing rhodium, and the lower phase is an ionic liquid phase containing platinum. The advantages of the invention are as follows: simultaneous three-phase separation of platinum, palladium and rhodium is realized in the process of one-step extraction; high separation selectivity is obtained; lengthy flow in conventional liquid-liquid two-phase extraction and separation for platinum, palladium and rhodium can be effectively simplified.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solvent extraction and separation of metal ions. Specifically, the invention relates to a method for extraction and separation of platinum, palladium and rhodium in an ionic liquid-based three-liquid phase system. Background technique [0002] Solvent extraction is the most effective method for separation and purification of platinum, palladium and rhodium. The traditional method generally uses a two-liquid phase system consisting of an organic phase and an aqueous phase to extract and separate platinum, palladium, and rhodium. The separation principle is to use the difference in the chemical reactivity of platinum, palladium, and rhodium chloride ions. Determine the best process conditions, and formulate a suitable extraction and separation process according to the order of difficulty in the extraction reactions of the three metal ions. For example, the Acton refinery of International Nickel Corporation...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B3/34C22B11/00C25C1/20
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 黄焜张超刘会洲
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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