908results about "Distillation" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of pervaporation membrane preparation and application, and relates to a covalent organic framework pervaporation hybrid membrane with a combination sequence regulation interlayer structure, in particular to preparation of the pervaporation membrane and application of the pervaporation membrane in water / butanol separation. Adding the aldehyde monomer solution into the amino monomer solution, and standing for reaction; taking a water phase, and carrying out dialysis treatment; diluting the covalent organic framework nanosheet dispersion liquid to obtain dispersion liquid A; adjusting the pH of a polyelectrolyte aqueous solution to obtain a solution B; adjusting the pH value of the metal ion dispersion liquid to obtain a solution C; uniformly mixing the dispersion liquid A and the solution C at normal temperature, adding the solution B, and heating for reaction to obtain a membrane casting liquid; and carrying out suction filtration on the membrane casting solution to a base membrane, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the pervaporation membrane. At 70 DEG C, the separation flux of a 10wt% / 90wt% water / butanol mixture is 7.52 g / (m < 2 > h), and the separation factor reaches 13709.

The invention discloses a graphdiyne multilayer composite membrane and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of membrane separation. A porous base membrane with an alkynyl layer is obtained by adopting a two-step modification method, then the porous base membrane is soaked in a solution containing a graphdiyne monomer and a catalyst, and a reaction is performed at a certain temperature, so that a graphdiyne material fully grows on the surface of the porous base membrane. Adding a membrane casting solution formed by mixing an organic polymer, a cross-linking agent, a catalyst and an organic solvent to the surface of the graphdiyne-loaded porous base membrane, volatilizing the organic solvent, and curing at 80 DEG C to form the membrane. The ethanol permselective membrane has a three-layer membrane structure, namely the organic polymer layer, the ultrathin graphdiyne transition layer and the porous support layer, so that the problems of agglomeration and pore permeation of a nano material are effectively avoided, and the adsorption process of ethanol is further enhanced. The membrane prepared by the invention has higher pervaporation alcohol permeation performance, can efficiently and stably recover alcohols, and provides reference for the development of a novel pervaporation membrane structure with preferential alcohol permeation.

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of an organosilicon / MOF-303 mixed matrix membrane, a silicon source precursor is uniformly dissolved in an ethanol solvent, then a mixture of water and hydrochloric acid is added according to a certain proportion, a water bath heating reaction is carried out for a period of time to obtain an organosilicon sol, prepared MOF-303 powder is added into the organosilicon sol according to a certain proportion, and the organosilicon / MOF-303 mixed matrix membrane is obtained. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials through ultrasound to obtain a separation layer sol, coating the prepared separation layer sol on a ceramic support body through a hot coating method, and calcining in an air atmosphere for a period of time to obtain the MOF-303 / mixed matrix membrane. An organic silicon substance BTESA with a rigid acetylene bridge structure is preferably selected as a precursor, an MOF-303 material with a high specific surface area is doped into the precursor, the pore channel structure of the membrane is modified, more adsorption sites are provided for water molecules, and the composite membrane material with the optimal separation performance is obtained by optimizing the composite proportion.

The invention relates to a preparation method for improving a sodium alginate pervaporation membrane by using a two-dimensional leaf-shaped zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF-L) material, and particularly relates to a preparation method for improving a sodium alginate pervaporation membrane by using a two-dimensional leaf-shaped zeolite imidazole framework (ZIF-L) material. The pervaporation mixed matrix membrane comprises a base membrane and a separation layer membrane, the base membrane adopts a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane, and the separation layer is composed of ZIF-L and sodium alginate. According to the invention, the distribution of ZIF-L in the membrane is improved, directional arrangement is formed, and the separation effect and selectivity of the composite membrane are improved. A novel process is adopted, the defect problem of the ZIF-L-SA membrane is eliminated, the continuous ultrathin ZIF-L membrane is prepared through a secondary seed growth method, and the performance of the two-dimensional ZIF-L membrane is improved. The ZIF-L synthesis conditions are mild, the method is simple, hydrophilic modification of the membrane surface is achieved, an internal water molecule transmission channel is constructed, and the separation factor and stability of the membrane are improved. The prepared high-flux pervaporation membrane has a wide application prospect.

A membrane distillation module comprises a hollow fiber membrane bundle in a housing. A plurality of hydrophobic hollow fiber membranes is secured at each end in membrane boots by chemical bonding of the fiber membrane to a potting compound. The membrane bundle is supported by supporting rods secured to flanges attached to the membrane boots. Fiber packing density is selected to optimize passage of vapor away from the permeate side of the hollow fiber membranes. A center core spanning the length of the membrane bundle serves to conduct feedwater entering the bottom of the module to a bundle top cap where the feedwater is evenly distributed into the hollow fiber membranes. The housing is configured to accommodate expansion of liquid water to the vapor phase during vacuum membrane distillation and to facilitate exit of water vapor from the module via an outlet connected to a vacuum pump.

A pervaporation composite membrane belongs to the technical field of membrane separation. The pervaporation composite membrane comprises a porous substrate, a middle membrane layer and a separation membrane layer which are sequentially stacked, the average pore size of the porous substrate is greater than or equal to 250nm; the average pore size and porosity of the middle film layer are smaller than those of the porous substrate, and the middle film layer has the organic matter affinity characteristic; the separation membrane layer has the hydrophobic characteristic and the organic matter selective permeation characteristic. The middle membrane layer is beneficial to improving the problems of seepage holes, difficulty in spreading, uncontrollable thickness of the separation membrane layer and the like in the solid-liquid interface preparation process, ensures the defect-free preparation of the separation membrane layer, and is beneficial to improving the permeability of the pervaporation composite membrane to organic matters.

The invention discloses a crown ether grafted polyarylether sulfone ion separation membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of ion separation membranes, collaborative optimization is realized through crown ether accurate grafting and ultrathin ordered membrane formation: a main chain of polyarylether sulfone is grafted with 4 '-aminobenzo-12-crown-4 to form an inherent channel adapted to Li, and the specific surface area of the main chain is increased; the ultrathin film is prepared by a water surface spreading method, and the ion transmission path is shortened. Finally, in a LiCl / MgCl system, Liion flux has high selectivity, high permeation-high selectivity cooperation is preliminarily realized, the chemical synthesis step can be amplified to a kilogram level, and after a DPAES-g-CE / dichloromethane solution is dropwise added to the water surface, the DPAES-g-CE / dichloromethane solution is rapidly spread to form a film without precise equipment; the raw materials are industrial-grade monomers and have no toxic residues, the membrane can be recycled and reused through dichloromethane, the equipment cost is reduced by about 90%, and industrialization is easy; the main chain of the polyaryl ether sulfone is high in rigidity and resistant to high temperature and chemical corrosion; crown ether grafting avoids molecular chain agglomeration, and the swelling rate is far lower than that of a traditional sulfonated membrane.

The invention provides an optical transparency-optical confinement composite nanofiber membrane as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The optical transparency-optical confinement composite nanofiber membrane comprises a PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) / PS (Polystyrene) / TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) nanofiber membrane and a photothermal conversion material layer loaded on the PDMS / PS / TPU nanofiber membrane, the PDMS / PS / TPU nanofiber membrane is prepared by taking PDMS, PS and TPU as raw materials and adopting an electrostatic spinning technology; the photothermal conversion material layer comprises honeycomb porous carbon nanofibers and PDA (Personal Digital Assistant). The optical transparency-optical confinement composite nanofiber membrane and the PDMS / PS / TPU nanofiber membrane have excellent light transmittance and hydrophobicity, the photo-thermal conversion material layer has excellent light absorptivity and high photo-thermal conversion capacity, and the optical transparency-optical confinement composite nanofiber membrane has high membrane flux when being used for photo-thermal membrane distillation desalination. And the photo-thermal film is excellent in distillation performance stability.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-purity ultra-clean hydroxylamine aqueous solution. A four-stage purification process comprises the following steps: 1) low-temperature chelation-ceramic membrane metal removal; 2) molecular sieve membrane rectification decomposition prevention; 3) pulse electrodialysis reversal deep desalination; and 4) gradient filtration terminal refining. According to the preparation method of the high-purity ultra-clean hydroxylamine aqueous solution, a low-temperature molecular sieve membrane rectification technology is adopted, hydroxylamine liquid-phase thermal decomposition is avoided through a vapor phase separation mechanism, and the decomposition rate is reduced to 1t from 15% of a traditional process; the method comprises the following steps of: removing metal through chelation-electrodialysis synergistically, ensuring that Fe and Cu ion residues are less than or equal to 0.05 ppb through a thiosemicarbazide-bipolar membrane system, ensuring the nitrogen environment in the whole process, ensuring that the dissolved oxygen is less than or equal to 5ppb, replacing liquid phase distillation with molecular sieve membrane vapor phase separation, solving hydroxylamine liquid phase thermal decomposition, and breaking through the trace metal removal limit by combining thiosemicarbazide-bipolar membrane synergistically removing impurities. And then through nanoscale terminal filtration, the metal / particle control reaches ppb-level limit which is superior to the SEMI standard, and double spanning of quality and cost is realized.

The invention belongs to the field of membrane pollution control, and particularly relates to a modification method for prolonging the service life and performance of a pervaporation membrane in seawater. According to the method, the pervaporation membrane is soaked in deionized water for treatment, so that anticorrosive substances on the surface of the membrane are stripped, the soaked pervaporation membrane is pasted in a membrane assembly, then the membrane assembly is soaked in a tannic acid solution for 60 s, and after soaking is finished, the membrane assembly is taken out. The membrane assembly is taken out, the surface of the membrane is washed with deionized water and then moved into a ferric chloride solution to be soaked for 60 s, finally, the surface of the membrane is washed with deionized water, so that the polyphenol coating is successfully attached to the surface of the membrane, and the unique property of the polyphenol coating becomes the key for prolonging the service life of the membrane; when the PH is lower than 3, most-OH groups in the tannic acid are protonated, so that the polyphenol coating is disintegrated and separated from the pervaporation membrane, and pollutants accumulated on the surface of the membrane are removed at the same time. And subsequently. The surface of the pervaporation membrane is coated with a new polyphenol coating again, so that the service life of the pervaporation membrane is prolonged, and the method also has important significance in reducing the treatment cost of desalinated seawater.

The present invention discloses a method for synergistically preparing a superhydrophobic membrane by spray-induced nonsolvent phase inversion and click chemistry. The method uses a polymer with a polyvinylidene fluoride as the main structure as a raw material, constructs a micro-nano hierarchical structure in bulk by the spray-induced nonsolvent phase inversion method, and covalently bonds a low surface energy substance to the membrane surface with the assistance of click chemistry technology to achieve the superhydrophobicity of the membrane. The superhydrophobic membrane of the present invention can resist the wetting of liquids with different surface tensions, has good anti-wetting and anti-inorganic fouling properties as well as excellent wastewater treatment capabilities, and can be applied to fields such as membrane distillation seawater desalination, deep treatment of shale gas wastewater and clean water regeneration, etc., broadening the types and application ranges of MD membrane materials.

The invention relates to the technical field of membrane separation materials, in particular to a mixed matrix membrane and a preparation method and application thereof. The mixed matrix membrane comprises: (1) a polymer functional membrane; (2) a base film for supporting the polymer functional film; a polymer in the polymer functional film comprises a polymer with a structure as shown in a formula (a), in the formula (a), R0 is an alkylene chain, R1 is a polysiloxane group, R2 is alkyl or hydrogen, and m is equal to 1-20. According to the present invention, the functional membrane prepared from the polymer having the structure (a) is used, and the structure of the polysiloxane is designed and optimized, such that the mixed matrix membrane has excellent organic solvent tolerance and organic solvent pervaporation separation property, and the interfacial compatibility between the polymer and the porous filler can be improved.

The invention discloses a membrane assembly with flexible turbulent flow fins for a membrane distillation seawater desalination system, which is characterized by comprising an upper wall, a lower wall, a distillation membrane and flexible fin plates, a hot material liquid channel is formed in the upper wall; a cold material liquid channel is formed in the lower wall; the distillation film is arranged between the upper wall and the lower wall, and two sides of the distillation film are respectively communicated with the hot feed liquid channel and the cold feed liquid channel; a plurality of flexible fins are arranged on the side, facing the distillation film, of the flexible fin plate, and the flexible fin plate is arranged in the hot material liquid channel. The membrane module can effectively weaken the polarization phenomenon and improve the heat and mass transfer capacity and the anti-pollution capacity.

The invention relates to a lignin-based polymer pervaporation membrane, a preparation method thereof and a method for separating and purifying cyclohexane-KA oil. The invention aims to provide a pervaporation membrane which is high in permselectivity, high in stability and good in mechanical property. The pervaporation membrane is used for cyclohexane-KA oil separation and has the advantages of high separation efficiency, low energy consumption and simple process. The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding the surfactant, the polymer and the solvent into a reactor, and stirring at 50-70 DEG C for 4-6 hours to obtain a mixed solution; the method comprises the following steps: adding lignin and a solvent into a reactor, and stirring at room temperature for 4-6 hours to obtain a lignin solution; dropwise adding the lignin solution into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring at constant temperature for 12-24 hours to obtain a membrane casting solution; transferring the membrane casting solution to a centrifugal tube, performing centrifugal separation, and uniformly coating the membrane casting solution on an ultrafiltration membrane material with the membrane thickness of 100-200mm to form a uniform liquid membrane; and drying the liquid membrane to obtain the lignin-based polymer pervaporation membrane. Belongs to the technical field of membrane separation.

The invention relates to the technical field of cefuroxime sodium medicines, and in particular provides a method for recycling a cefuroxime sodium mother liquor. On the basis of the prior art, a mother liquor nanofiltration impurity removal step and an organic solvent permeation steam recovery step are added, and cefuroxime acid and organic solvents acetone, ethyl acetate and dichloromethane in the cefuroxime sodium mother liquor can be effectively recycled and utilized, which not only solves the heavy environmental burden for production enterprises, but also brings potential considerable economic benefits to the production enterprises, and has great economic value and social value.

The invention belongs to the technical field of membrane separation, and relates to a self-repairing type polydimethylsiloxane pervaporation membrane based on disulfide dynamic covalent bonds, which is prepared by adding 4, 4 '-diaminodiphenylmethane into epoxy-terminated polydimethylsiloxane in a nitrogen atmosphere. Self-repairing type polydimethylsiloxane pervaporation membrane material prepared by curing interpenetrating network formed by physically blending disulfide dynamic covalent bond-based self-repairing type polydimethylsiloxane obtained by reflux reaction of dichloromethane solution of 4, 4 '-dithiodiphenylamine and methacrylate-based polydimethylsiloxane and coating polyvinylidene fluoride with self-repairing type polydimethylsiloxane pervaporation membrane material and an ethylene supporting layer. When the pervaporation membrane is subjected to external damage, especially when the pervaporation membrane is scratched by solid substances in the separation process, the pervaporation membrane does not need to be replaced, the repairing function can be achieved only through external heating, no additional solvent is needed in the repairing process, and the method can be used for separating butanol.

The invention discloses a method for intensifying mass transfer by electrolyzed water driven bilateral air-blowing membrane distillation, which comprises the following steps: a three-chamber device is sequentially provided with a positive chamber, a negative chamber and a concentration chamber, the positive chamber and the negative chamber are separated by a nylon diaphragm, and the negative chamber and the concentration chamber are separated by a composite membrane; the method comprises the following steps: preparing materials, wherein an alkaline solution is used as electrolyte of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber; water molecule mass transfer: liquid water molecules in the concentration chamber are driven by vapor pressure difference, and the liquid water molecules absorb heat, are vaporized, penetrate through the composite membrane, enter the cathode chamber and are condensed into a liquid state; uniformizing: uniformizing the concentration of the electrolyte in the cathode chamber by using hydrogen generated in the cathode chamber in the water electrolysis process; and air blowing operation: oxygen generated by the anode is blown into the concentration chamber after being subjected to gas-liquid separation. The problem of absorbent regeneration is solved through the electrolyte of alkaline electrolyzed water, low-value oxygen generated by the electrolyzed water is reasonably utilized, and continuous concentration of high-salinity wastewater at room temperature is realized by coupling absorption membrane distillation and bubbling membrane distillation.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of an MFI zeolite membrane.The preparation method comprises the steps that an MFI zeolite nanosheet serves as a seed crystal, a uniformly-distributed and compact seed crystal layer is prepared on a carrier through a vacuum filtration method, namely, a nucleation center crystallized into a membrane is loaded on the surface of the carrier, and directional growth and membrane forming of the zeolite nanosheet can be effectively controlled; the highly b-oriented MFI zeolite membrane can be prepared within several hours, the prepared b-oriented MFI zeolite membrane shows a continuous and compact microstructure and almost has no defects, and compared with a traditional hydrothermal method, the method overcomes the defects that the reaction process is too long in time consumption, uneven in heating is prone to occurring, and the like. And therefore, the time required by crystal growth is greatly shortened. The prepared MFI zeolite membrane can be applied to pervaporation separation of xylene isomers, shows good size screening separation performance, and has important industrial application value.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a double-layer photo-thermal membrane distillation material, and belongs to the technical field of membrane distillation. According to the double-layer film, a polyvinylidene fluoride super-hydrophobic film serves as a hydrophobic base layer, a carbon nano tube / nano semiconductor material composite nano film serves as a photo-thermal layer, and the photo-thermal layer is attached to the hydrophobic base layer through polyurethane. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) preparing an electrostatic spinning polyvinylidene fluoride super-hydrophobic membrane; and (2) preparing the electrostatic spinning carbon nano tube / nano semiconductor material composite nano film. Meanwhile, the invention provides a photo-thermal driving membrane distillation device. The double-layer photo-thermal membrane distillation material prepared by adopting the method has good photo-thermal conversion capacity, relatively high water vapor flux and long-term stability, and has a wide application prospect in the aspect of fresh water treatment.

The invention discloses a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) super-hydrophobic membrane and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that firstly, methyl sodium silicate, perfluorodecyl triethoxysilane (PFDTES) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) serve as catalysts / reactants, fluorinated hydrophobic modification is conducted on hydrophilic silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles, a nanoparticle non-solvent composite spraying synergistic phase inversion method is provided, and the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) super-hydrophobic membrane is prepared. F-SiO2 is successfully introduced into the surface of the membrane, a multi-scale micro-nano structure is formed on the surface of the membrane, and the hydrophobicity and the surface roughness of the membrane are greatly improved. The prepared membrane is applied to vacuum membrane distillation testing, the flux and the salt rejection rate are very excellent, the maximum salt rejection rate reaches 99.99%, the flux is kept at 18.21 kg.m <-2 >. H <-1 > or above, the performance of the super-hydrophobic membrane is superior to that of a base membrane and a membrane prepared through a traditional non-solvent induced phase separation method, and the super-hydrophobic membrane has good anti-pollution performance and is very good in recovery effect after being washed with water.

The invention discloses a PVA composite membrane based on a PMIA porous substrate and a preparation method and application of the PVA composite membrane based on the PMIA porous substrate, an SE / PMIA membrane is used as a supporting layer, a P (AA-AMPS) cross-linked PVA solution is used as a separation layer, and the PVA composite desalination membrane is successfully prepared through an optimized membrane preparation process. The supporting layer of the membrane has high hydrophilicity, a multi-surface crack pore structure and a proper pore size, so that the mass transfer resistance of water vapor molecules at a composite membrane interface and in a substrate pore channel can be effectively reduced, the transmission distance of the water vapor molecules is reduced, and the permeation efficiency of the water vapor molecules is improved; the ultra-thin compact PVA separation layer can enhance the mass transfer process, breakthrough is achieved from the separation layer and the supporting layer, then the pervaporation flux of the composite membrane is effectively improved, the membrane separation effect is optimized, and the composite membrane has wide application prospects in the saline water treatment fields such as brackish water desalination, seawater desalination and industrial wastewater resource treatment.

The invention discloses a thermal gradient temperature control type membrane distillation treatment device for industrial wastewater, relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and aims to solve the problems that the fluid resistance of a local area is increased in the membrane distillation process, and the separation and purification effect is poor as the temperature difference between the two sides of a membrane is smaller than the fluid temperature difference. The membrane distillation device specifically comprises a membrane shell and water distribution assemblies arranged in the membrane shell and is mainly applied to the membrane distillation treatment process of industrial wastewater, the water distribution assemblies are synchronously arranged on the water inlet side and the water outlet side of the wastewater, the flow direction of the wastewater is changed through tangential grooves and vertical grooves in the water distribution assemblies, and the fluid resistance of a local area in a concentration boundary layer is weakened; and secondary flow guide mixed hot working media and wastewater are adopted to jointly complete cyclic distillation, and based on reduction of membrane interface local area fluid resistance and damage of membrane interface temperature and concentration polarization phenomena, the driving force of the membrane distillation process is increased, and the separation and purification effect is improved.

It is provided a hydrophobic carbon molecular sieve membrane (CMSM) characterized by comprising pores with a pore size distribution in which at least 20 % of the pores have a pore size from 0.5 to 0.6 nm, measured by perm-porosimetry; and having a C / O ratio higher than 8 and a C / H ratio higher than 20; the membrane being obtainable by dip- coating a support with a dipping solution comprising a carbon precursor, a non-aqueous solvent, a curing agent, and a pore forming agent, wherein the pore forming agent is in an amount from 0.5 wt% to 8 wt% related to the weight of carbon precursor; followed by carbonization at a temperature higher than 700 ºC and lower than 1000 ºC; and wherein the carbon molecular sieve membrane has a higher hydrophobicity than a membrane prepared by the same process but without the addition of the pore forming agent. It is also provided a method for the preparation of the CMSM, and its use for the selective separation of propionic acid from a mixture with water and acetic acid and as a membrane reactor or part of a membrane reactor.

The application couples the pervaporation membrane process breaking the azeotropic system balance, the high-pressure rectification tower with high-efficiency separation and the reverse osmosis membrane process blocking the penetration of trace metal ions, so as to integrate a purification process for producing electronic-grade DMC. The method helps the membrane method to obtain practical industrial application in the electronic-grade DMC industry, and the NH2-PDMS composite membrane has organic solvent resistance, preferential selectivity for DMC organic matter, and blocking penetration effect on metal ions and micro-plastic particles with concentration of ppm or ppb.

The embodiment of the invention provides a tetrahydrofuran purification device and a tetrahydrofuran purification method, the tetrahydrofuran purification device comprises a normal pressure rectifying tower, pervaporation equipment and a pressurized rectifying tower, and the pervaporation equipment is connected between the normal pressure rectifying tower and the pressurized rectifying tower. Therefore, the use amount of the high-pressure steam can be reduced, the energy consumption of the high-pressure steam can be reduced, the operation cost can be reduced, the operation load of the pressurized rectifying tower can be reduced, and the load upper limit of the tetrahydrofuran purification device can be improved. In addition, the pervaporation equipment is positioned at the front end of the pressurized rectifying tower, so that the influence of the pressurized rectifying tower on the pervaporation equipment is reduced, the stability of the pervaporation equipment is improved, and the dehydration efficiency of the pervaporation equipment is improved.

A membrane distillation assembly for providing purified water, and to a membrane distiller including an evaporation chamber, a condensation chamber, and a membrane separating the evaporation chamber and the condensation chamber from each other. The membrane has a pore size equal to or less than 1000 nanometres. The membrane distiller wherein the membrane is a multi-layer polymer membrane including a nonwoven first layer having a pore size equal to or less than 1000 nanometres and a spunbonded second layer that is laminated to the first layer. The second layer is facing the condensation chamber.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a PVDF-Q-ZIF-67 / POTS membrane and application of the PVDF-Q-ZIF-67 / POTS membrane in treatment of radioactive waste liquid of a nuclear power plant, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, blending PVA (polyvinyl alcohol), Que (quercetin) and PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) for electrostatic spinning to obtain a PVDF-Q hydrophilic layer, then carrying out electrostatic spinning on the blended LiCl and PVDF to obtain a PVDF base membrane, and then carrying out electrostatic spinning on the PVDF base membrane by adopting ZIF-67, POTS (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H, 2H The method comprises the following steps of: coating a PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) base membrane with a ZIF-67 / POTS super-hydrophobic coating by using a PVDF-Q-ZIF-67 / POTS super-hydrophobic coating as a raw material, assembling to synthesize a PVDF-Q-ZIF-67 / POTS membrane, and finally introducing the radioactive waste liquid into a direct contact type membrane distillation device adopting the PVDF-Q-ZIF-67 / POTS membrane for treatment, so that the concentration of the radioactive waste liquid and the efficient separation of nuclides can be realized. The PVDF-Q-ZIF-67 / POTS membrane is applied to treatment of nuclear power station radioactive waste liquid, after direct contact type membrane distillation, the flux of the PVDF-Q-ZIF-67 / POTS membrane can be kept stable for a long time, the concentration multiple is high, the nuclide rejection rate is larger than or equal to 99.9%, and the PVDF-Q-ZIF-67 / POTS membrane is stable in chemical property, good in pollution resistance and good in application prospect in the fields of nuclear power stations, nuclear fuel plants and the like.

Devices, systems, and techniques can be provided for processing an oil-containing material with an alcohol-based solvent to extract oil from the material. In some examples, a system includes a pretreatment dehydration vessel that removes water from the oil-containing material prior to processing the oil-containing material in an extractor to extract oil from the material. An alcohol-based solvent may also be supplied to the dehydration vessel to remove water from the oil-containing material, thereby generating a dehydrated material that can be extracted in a downstream extractor.

A transient operation method for a separation device includes a separation membrane complex including: a separation membrane; and a substrate arranged on one side of the separation membrane, the separation device having a first flow path and a second flow path, the first flow path being positioned on a side closer to the separation membrane of the separation membrane complex, the second flow path being positioned on a side closer to the substrate of the separation membrane complex, the transient operation method including supplying gases to the first flow path and the second flow path, respectively, and heating the separation membrane complex. An average relative humidity of a gas A supplied to the first flow path is higher than an average relative humidity of a gas B supplied to the second flow path.