The invention discloses a three-dimensional multi-seismic-source mixed collection seismic data rapid
separation method based on
prior information constraint, and the method comprises the steps: dividing three-dimensional seismic data into a series of slices along an x axis or a y axis, carrying out the multi-scale and multi-direction two-dimensional
curvelet transformation of the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a
curvelet domain coefficient, and introducing a conventional iterative shrinkage threshold
algorithm for separation; then, according to the characteristic that
curvelet coefficient support sets of two adjacent slices have a large intersection, a priori information constraint condition is established in a curvelet domain by using a priori support set provided by a previous slice of which
aliasing noise is removed, the constraint condition is fused into an iterative shrinkage threshold
algorithm, and an
estimation precision factor formula is proposed; and a novel index threshold parameter formula is adopted to perform multi-seismic source mixed collection seismic
data separation. According to the method, the
signal-to-
noise ratio of the separated seismic data is increased, the calculation speed is increased, the requirement for a
computer memory is lowered, weak effective wave signals are recovered, and the single-shot reflected wave event is more continuous and clearer.