116 results about "Stable equilibrium" patented technology

Magnetic levitation methods and apparatus use arrays of vehicle magnets to provide three forces: suspension, guidance and propulsion. The magnets, which can be permanent magnets or superconducting magnets operating in the persistent current mode, have associated control coils that allow the magnets to provide a controllable attractive force to a laminated steel rail. The control coils adjust the gap between the magnets and the rails so as to be in stable equilibrium without requiring significant power dissipation in the control coils. These same magnets and steel rails also provide lateral guidance to keep the vehicle on the track and steer the vehicle on turns. The suspension control coils can provide lateral damping by means of offset magnets in the suspension arrays. Windings in transverse slots in the steel rails are excited with currents that react against the field produced by the vehicle magnets to create vehicle propulsion. The magnet size is adjusted to provide negligible cogging force even when there are as few as three winding slots per wavelength along the rail. Means are used to mitigate end effects so that a multiplicity of magnet pods can be used to support the vehicle.

Efficient updates of connections in artificial neuron networks may be implemented. A framework may be used to describe the connections using a linear synaptic dynamic process, characterized by stable equilibrium. The state of neurons and synapses within the network may be updated, based on inputs and outputs to / from neurons. In some implementations, the updates may be implemented at regular time intervals. In one or more implementations, the updates may be implemented on-demand, based on the network activity (e.g., neuron output and / or input) so as to further reduce computational load associated with the synaptic updates. The connection updates may be decomposed into multiple event-dependent connection change components that may be used to describe connection plasticity change due to neuron input. Using event-dependent connection change components, connection updates may be executed on per neuron basis, as opposed to per-connection basis.

The invention relates to a motor vehicle bumper which comprises a shield and a spoiler hinged between two positions of stable equilibrium, namely a high position in which at least a part of the spoiler projects from the shield, and a low position in which the spoiler extends the bumper in a downward direction. The spoiler is suitable for adopting a third position of stable equilibrium, in which it is completely retracted behind the shield.

The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for the characterization and / or the counting of particles by means of non uniform, time variable force fields and integrated optical or impedance meter sensors. The force fields can be of positive or negative dielectrophoresis, electrophoresis or electro-hydrodynamic motions, characterized by a set of stable equilibrium points for the particles (solid, liquid or gaseous); the same method is suitable for the manipulation of droplets (liquid particles) by exploiting effects known to the international scientific community with the name of Electro-wetting on dielectric. The aim of the present invention is to act on the control of the position of each particle which is present in the sample, for the purpose of displacing such particles in a deterministic or statistical way, in order to detect their presence with the integrated optical or impedance meter sensors and / or characterize their type, for the purpose of counting or manipulating them in an efficient way.

An improved design for maintaining separation between electrodes in tunneling, diode, thermionic, and other devices is disclosed. At least one electrode is made from flexible material. A magnetic field is present to combine with the current flowing in the flexible electrode and generate a force that counterbalances the electrostatic force between the electrodes. The balancing of forces allows the separation and parallelism between the electrodes to be maintained at a very small spacing without requiring the use of multiple control systems, actuators, or other manipulating means, or spacers. The shape of one or both electrodes is designed to maintain a constant separation over the entire overlapping area of the electrodes. The end result is an electronic device that maintains two closely spaced parallel electrodes in stable equilibrium with a uniform gap therebetween over a large area in a simple configuration for simplified manufacturability and use to convert heat to electricity or electricity to cooling.

An improved design for maintaining nanometer separation between electrodes in tunneling, thermo-tunneling, diode, thermionic, thermoelectric, thermo-photovoltaic and other devices is disclosed. At least one electrode is of a curved shape. All embodiments reduce the thermal conduction between the two electrodes when compared to the prior art. Some embodiments provide a large tunneling area surrounding a small contact area. Other embodiments remove the contact area completely. The end result is an electronic device that maintains two closely spaced parallel electrodes in stable equilibrium with a nanometer gap there-between over a large area in a simple configuration for simplified manufacturability and use to convert heat to electricity or electricity to cooling.

The invention relates to a motor vehicle bumper which comprises a shield and a spoiler hinged between two positions of stable equilibrium, namely a high position in which at least a part of the spoiler projects from the shield, and a low position in which the spoiler extends the shield downwards. The spoiler is suitable for adopting a third position of stable equilibrium, in which it is completely retracted behind the shield.

Magnetic levitation methods and apparatus use arrays of vehicle magnets to provide three forces: suspension, guidance and propulsion. The magnets, which can be permanent magnets or superconducting magnets operating in the persistent current mode, have associated control coils that allow the magnets to provide a controllable attractive force to a laminated steel rail. The control coils adjust the gap between the magnets and the rails so as to be in stable equilibrium without requiring significant power dissipation in the control coils. These same magnets and steel rails also provide lateral guidance to keep the vehicle on the track and steer the vehicle on turns. The suspension control coils can provide lateral damping by means of offset magnets in the suspension arrays. Windings in transverse slots in the steel rails are excited with currents that react against the field produced by the vehicle magnets to create vehicle propulsion. The magnet size is adjusted to provide negligible cogging force even when there are as few as three winding slots per wavelength along the rail. Means are used to mitigate end effects so that a multiplicity of magnet pods can be used to support the vehicle.

The invention discloses a method for simulating and predicting a transient thermoforming limit of ultra-high strength steel. The method comprises the steps as follows: a material constitutive model under a stable equilibrium condition is determined; a thermoforming limit model is determined on the basis of a localized instability theory of a material uneven groove hypothesis under a stable condition, wherein the material constitutive model determined under the stable equilibrium condition is adopted in the thermoforming limit model under the stable condition; and the thermoforming limit model is utilized to predict and simulate the thermoforming limit under a transient technological condition.

The present invention relates to a wind turbine structure comprising a wind turbine tower with a nacelle arranged on the top to which a rotor hub with one or more rotatable mounted wind turbine blades are mounted which form a rotor plane. A floating foundation is mounted to the bottom of the wind turbine tower and the pitch and / or yaw system are used to regulate the position of the wind turbine structure. A control unit detects the relative movement of the wind turbine structure in two axial directions and activates the pitch or yaw system to move the wind turbine structure into an equilibrium position. This reduces the directional movement of the wind turbine structure so that it remains in a stable equilibrium position. This also reduces the oscillating movement and tension forces in the anchor chains.

The invention belongs to the technical field of network security and particularly relates to a network optimal defense strategy selection method and device based on a bounded rational game theory. Themethod comprises the following steps: constructing an offensive and defensive game model in a bounded rational situation according to the bounded rationality of the actual offensive and defensive sides; a random optimal reaction dynamic differential equation of a participant selection strategy is established by setting a participant rationality degree parameter in combination with an offensive and defensive game strategy set and according to historical data; the two simultaneous offensive and defensive parties are treated as the random optimal reaction dynamic differential equation of the participant; and an optimal defense strategy is determined and output by solving and screening a stable equilibrium point. Compared with the method of only giving an equilibrium solution and not analyzing the Nash equilibrium formation process, the network optimal defense strategy selection method and device based on bounded rational game theory in the present invention analyze the dynamic evolutionprocess of the bounded rational evolution game equilibrium, and the utility and the guiding significance are stronger when being applied to network defense decision; the dynamic analysis efficiency ofstrategy selection can be improved; and the network security performance is further improved.

A method for obtaining a global optimal solution of general nonlinear programming problems includes the steps of first finding, in a deterministic manner, all stable equilibrium points of a nonlinear dynamical system that satisfies conditions (C1) and (C2), and then finding from said points a global optimal solution. A practical numerical method for reliably computing a dynamical decomposition point for large-scale systems comprises the steps of moving along a search path φt(xs)≡{xs+ t×ŝ, tε+} starting from xs and detecting an exit point, xex, at which the search path φt(xs) exits a stability boundary of a stable equilibrium point xs using the exit point xex as an initial condition and integrating a nonlinear system to an equilibrium point xd, and computing said dynamical decomposition point with respect to a local optimal solution xs wherein the search path is xd.

A support for tilting or synchronized chair is provided. The device includes a supporting frame, a mobile frame, an elastic member, a stiffness adjustment mechanism coupled with the elastic member, a locking mechanism for engaging the mobile frame with the supporting frame, and an actuation device for engaging and disengaging the locking mechanism. The actuation device includes a rocker arm and a return arm. The return arm is connected to the end of the rocker arm that the locking mechanism is attached. The rocker arm has at least two positions of stable equilibrium that are determined by the engagement or disengagement of the locking mechanism. An alternative embodiment includes an outer shell having first and second pins that are coupled with the backrest frame. The second pin may be positioned within a slot formed in the shell so that the backrest frame may move between upright and reclined positions.

The invention discloses a transient control method for controlling the synchronous stability of a virtual synchronous control inverter. At present, the research on the stability of an inverter mainly focuses on the small-disturbance stability of an inverter in a micro grid. There is relatively less research on the transient stability under large disturbance, and the stability mechanism is unclear. In view of the virtual power angle instability caused by inverter current saturation, reactive power plus transient control are introduced into virtual synchronous control, so that an inverter has a reachable stable equilibrium point in the transient process of current saturation, and the synchronous stability of the inverter under large disturbance is ensured. The technical problem that there may be no stable equilibrium point in the transient process for the system due to saturation of the inner current loop of an inverter is solved. Transient instability of virtual power angle after an inverter goes to a current source mode is prevented.

A support for tilting or synchronized chair is provided. The device includes a supporting frame, a mobile frame, an elastic member, a stiffness adjustment mechanism coupled with the elastic member, a locking mechanism for engaging the mobile frame with the supporting frame, and an actuation device for engaging and disengaging the locking mechanism. The actuation device includes a rocker arm and a return arm. The return arm is connected to the end of the rocker arm that the locking mechanism is attached. The rocker arm has at least two positions of stable equilibrium that are determined by the engagement or disengagement of the locking mechanism. An alternative embodiment includes an outer shell having first and second pins that are coupled with the backrest frame. The second pin may be positioned within a slot formed in the shell so that the backrest frame may move between upright and reclined positions.

The invention relates to a passive radial supporting mechanism for a primary mirror of an optical telescope based on kinetic equilibrium. One end of a first-stage connecting rod of the mechanism is hinged with the rim of a primary mirror chamber, and the other end of the first-stage connecting rod is hinged with a second-stage connecting rod and a third-stage connecting rod at the same time; the other end of the second-stage connecting rod and the other end of the third-stage connecting rod are hinged with the rim of the primary mirror; and an included angle theta is formed between the second-stage connecting rod and the third-stage connecting rod. By a kinetic equilibrium system, the radial direction of the primary mirror is not restrained by an over-restraining characteristic, so that a stable equilibrium state is realized; when temperature is changed, the whole radial supporting system does micro motion in accord with a kinetic rule by using the change of the geometric size caused by thermal deformation of a connecting rod mechanism, so that stress caused by the thermal deformation among the primary mirror, the radial supporting mechanism and the primary mirror chamber is counteracted; therefore, the passive radial supporting mechanism is suitable for supporting primary mirrors made of materials with large thermal expansion coefficients and primary mirrors working under a relatively severe working environment.

The invention belongs to the field of automobile active safety, and relates to an automatic driving vehicle entrance and exit ramp driving decision-making method based on a dynamic game. The method comprises the following steps that: 1: utilizing a DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) method to identify a target vehicle; 2: judging whether two vehicles have a conflict or not, and applying aconflict time difference [Delta]T to judge the conflict between two vehicles; 3: establishing a game model, and applying a subgame perfect Nash equilibrium dynamic game theory to decide a vehicle intersection behavior; 4: calculating an equilibrium point, according to determined respective expected revenue, calculating a replicator dynamics equation, and constantly regulating the own passage probability of two vehicles through the opposite-side replicator dynamics equation; 5: judging the stability of the equilibrium point to select an optimal decision; and 6: driving according to the strategy of the stable equilibrium point. By use of the method, through the probability expectation of the game thought and a concept of loss in revenue, the game equilibrium point is combined to make an optimal passage decision in real time, and an efficient and simple method and thought can be opened up for a vehicle interaction decision.

The present invention provides a dual riding and driving tricycle in juxtaposing link, particularly for one that can be pedaled by two drivers in side-by-side coordination manner so that the drivers and tricycle will incline integrally without tumbling or overturning possibility; The main feature is that at least one articulation mechanism and a resilient tension mechanism are disposed between the primary bicycle body and auxiliary cycle body, wherein, said articulation mechanism serves in synergy an articulation parallelogram while said resilient tension mechanism counteract the deformation of the articulation mechanism to resume the stable equilibrium so that the integral of the primary bicycle body and auxiliary cycle body can automatically maintain harmonic coordination and stability when driving over bumpy road or corner turn.

A magnetic element comprises a closed loop of ferromagnetic material having an even number of magnetic domains of opposite sense. The magnetisation within the domains is in a circumferential direction, and the domains have leading and trailing walls extending from the inside to the outside of the loop. The magnetic element has a geometry such that there are at least two stable equilibrium domain configurations in which the domain walls are confined in predetermined portions of the loop and wherein the element is switchable between the stable configurations upon the application of a external magnetic field.

A submerged wave energy conversion apparatus and pressurized fluid or electricity production system are provided that harvests energy from a motive force derived from pressure differentials created by the interaction of the system with ocean water. The system is capable of capturing energy from up to six different modes of motion of the absorber body in response to the energy of incident waves. The apparatus has an absorber body that is attached to one or more damping mechanisms like a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic circuit that can create useful mechanical torque, a restoring mechanism such as an air spring to restore the absorber system to stable equilibrium, and a buoyant artificial floor to create an opposing reaction force. The apparatus may also have a controller for system monitoring and control, to maintain optimized energy extraction, and for load management to avoid damaging loads.

A passive structural system includes a structural element which may be subjected to energy which gives rise to vibration in the element. At least one bi-stable sub-structure is coupled to the element. Each bi-stable sub-structure has two stable equilibrium states between which the sub-structure can physically transition when subjected to a sufficient amount of energy which gives rise to vibration in the element, with each bi-stable sub-structure arranged to dissipate at least a portion of the energy and thereby damp the vibration in the structural element when it transitions from one equilibrium state to the other. The passive structural system may also be intentionally mistuned such that when subjected to energy which gives rise to vibration, the vibration energy is substantially confined to localized regions within the system. The bi-stable structures are then located in the localized regions and arranged to dissipate the localized vibration energy.

The present invention provides a concealed attractor chaotic circuit with stable equilibrium points. The circuit comprises a first channel, a second channel and a third channel. The first channel output signals are fed back to the input terminal of the third channel, are taken as the input signals of the third channel and are connected with the input pin of a multiplier A2 in the third channel; the second channel output signals are fed back to the input end of the third channel, are taken as the input signal of the third channel, and are connected with the input pin of the multiplier A2 in the third channel, and the prior level signals of the second channel output signals are connected with two input pins of the multiplier A1 in the third channel; and the third channel output signals are fed back to the input end of the third channel and are taken as the input signals of the third channel. The structure is simple, the generated chaotic signal attraction region is small, the attractor has good concealing, and the concealed attractor chaotic circuit with stable equilibrium points has good reference values and application prospects in the fields such as the non-linear (chaotic) signal generation, secret communication and character and image encryption.

The invention relates to a back module (2) for an exoskeleton structure, comprising a spinal column segment (21) designed to extend along a spinal column of a user, the spinal column segment (21) comprising a plurality of vertebral elements (211), stacked on one another, and a flexible connecting element (212) connecting the vertebral elements (211) to one another, the spinal column segment (21) having a stable equilibrium position in which the flexible connecting element (212) holds the vertebral elements (211) supported against one another, and the flexible connecting element (212) being elastic so that, during a movement of the back of the user, the flexible connecting element (212) allows a movement of the vertebral elements (211) with respect to one another, while exerting a return force tending to return the spinal column segment (21) the stable equilibrium position.

The invention discloses an air conditioner oil return control method and system, a storage medium and an air conditioner. The method includes the steps that the oil level change speed in an oil separator is detected in real time; and the opening degree of an oil return expansion valve is adjusted according to the oil level change speed. The system oil quantity requirement can be judged according to the oil level change speed in the oil separator, the oil return amount is controlled by adjusting the opening degree of the oil return expansion valve of the oil separator, and it is ensured that the system oil quantity is in the stable equilibrium state all the time.

A magnetic bearing assembly utilizes repulsive magnetic forces between components, having magnetic sources, of the bearing at two or more gaps which are angled with respect to an axis of the inner component. Each gap provides force vectors in two directions, while allowing for relative movement of the components in a third direction. The gaps collectively provide a stable equilibrium in the first two directions, meaning that, in response to relative movement of the components in the first or second direction causing a decreased gap width, magnetic repulsive forces at the decreased gap width urge the components away from each other to return to equilibrium. The components of a radial magnetic bearing according to the invention move relative to one another rotationally, and the components of a linear magnetic bearing according to the invention move relative to one another longitudinally.

The invention provides a flexible ac transmission system (FACTS) interactive influence degree evaluation method based on a modal series method, which comprises the following steps: a step A of providing system running conditions in a power system containing a FACTS device; a step B of inputting basic data of the system under each system running condition; a step C of performing load flow calculation to obtain a stable equilibrium point of the system; a step D of calculating nonlinear degree indexes; a step E of performing a step F if the calculation of the nonlinear degree indexes of all the system running conditions are finished, or else returning to the step B; and a step F of comparing the sizes of all the nonlinear degree indexes. The FACTS interactive influence degree evaluation method based on the modal series method has the advantages of being strong in application and definite in physical significance, can provide accurate guide for coordinated running of a plurality of FACTS, and can serve as measuring indexes for the nonlinear degree of the system to provide research methods for the work of power system analysis, stability study and the like.

A vertical actuator has a stationary part that includes an upper part made of magnetic material which is magnetically separated from a yoke which bears a coil. The upper magnetic part generates an overall reluctance force on the movable part of the actuator which, over the entire functional range of the actuator, is slightly greater than the gravitational force. When the coil is not energized, the movable part has a position of stable equilibrium which is in the upper section of this functional range.

The invention relates to the field of double-foot travelling robots, in particular to a full-form simulated ostrich high-speed running-jumping robot. The overall structure is composed of a first wing assembly, a second wing assembly, a first leg assembly, a second leg assembly, a neck assembly, a trunk assembly and a tail assembly. The structure of the full-form simulated ostrich high-speed running-jumping robot is simple, has a complete biological trunk integral structure, and through the sensing design of the two-degree-of-freedom head, the stable equilibrium steering design of the two-degree-of-freedom tail and wings and the three-degree-of-freedom design of the limbs, the high-speed running-jumping movement of the all-form simulated ostrich robot can be realized.