LEACH protocol improvement method capable of lowering energy consumption

Abstract

The invention provides an LEACH protocol improvement method capable of lowering energy consumption. A basic system comprises normal nodes, cluster header nodes, forwarding nodes and a base station. The specific cycle operation steps comprise network topology determination, initialization, selection of the cluster header nodes, cluster forming, data transmission, selection of the cluster header nodes and cluster forming. According to the defects of an LEACH protocol, improvement is conducted from the aspects of selection of cluster heads, cluster forming and a data transmission mode. In selection of the cluster heads, the comprehensive influences of the energy of the nodes, the distance to the base station and density are considered, the burdens of the cluster heads are balanced, and distribution and energy consumption of the selected cluster header nodes are made balanced in a network. In cluster forming, the mode of grid clustering is used, the nodes calculate the two-dimensional values of grids where the nodes are placed by themselves, and the effectiveness of node energy is guaranteed. In data transmission mode, a routing mode with single-hop and multi-hop combined is used according to the distance of the cluster header nodes and the base station, the energy consumption of network nodes is lowered by the purpose that the energy utilization rate is highest.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of wireless sensor networks, in particular to an improved method of LEACH protocol for reducing power consumption. Background technique [0002] Wireless sensor network is a new network model, which consists of a large number of micro-sensor nodes with communication and computing capabilities densely arranged in unattended monitoring areas. These sensor nodes are powered by independent batteries and are networked in the form of self-organization. Through coordinated operation among nodes, the information of the monitored objects in the network coverage area is collected and sent to the observer in time to complete the expected network tasks. [0003] At present, domestic wireless sensor networks are mostly used for regional environment monitoring. Since network nodes are often arranged in harsh environments that are difficult for humans to reach, and are powered by batteries, it is difficult to replenish and replace n...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the LEACH protocol, the data transmission between the cluster head and the base station is a single-hop method. When the distance is greater than the distance threshold of the sensor communication module, the energy consumption is calculated using the multi-path attenuation model, and the energy consumption will increase sharply, and the remote cluster head will easily fail prematurely.

Moreover, the generation of cluster heads depends entirely on random numbers and has nothing to do with the factors of the nodes themselves, resulting in unbalanced distribution and energy consumption of cluster heads in the network. Some cluster heads will fail prematurely due to excessive cluster size and heavy tasks.

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