Hydrogenation method for coal tar suspension bed of heterogeneous catalyst

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogenation method for a coal tar suspension bed of a heterogeneous catalyst. The method comprises processes of coal tar raw material pretreatment and distillatory separation, coal tar heavy fraction suspension bed hydrogenation cracking and conventional light fraction oil extraction, wherein the suspension bed hydrogenation reaction temperature is between 320 and 480DEG C, the reaction pressure is 8 to 19MPa, the volume air speed is 0.3 to 3.0h<-1>, the hydrogen oil volume ratio is 500 to 2,000, the catalyst is a powdery granular coal tar suspension bed hydrogenation catalyst of a single metal active ingredient containing molybdenum, nickel, cobalt, tungsten or iron or a composite multi-metal active ingredient, the adding amount of the catalyst is based on the ratio of the metal quantity of the active ingredient to the weight of the coal tar raw materials of 0.1: 100-4: 100, most of tail oil containing the catalyst after lightweight oil is separated froma hydrogenation reaction product is directly circulated to a hydrogenation bed reactor, a small part of tail oil is subjected to catalyst removal treatment and then circulated to the hydrogenation bed reactor to be subjected to further lightweight treatment, and the heavy oil is totally or furthest circulated. The method fulfills the purposes of maximum production of the lightweight oil in the coal tar and cyclic utilization of the catalyst, and greatly improves the utilization efficiency of the raw materials and the catalyst.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of coal chemical industry, and in particular relates to a coal tar suspended bed hydrogenation method using coal tar as a raw material for maximum production of engine fuel and chemical raw materials with a heterogeneous catalyst. Background technique [0002] Coal tar is an important by-product in the process of coal pyrolysis and carbonization process. It is a complex mixture. According to the temperature and process method of coal pyrolysis and carbonization, coal tar can be divided into low-temperature coal tar, medium-temperature coal tar and high-temperature coal tar. Tar, its composition varies greatly. [0003] At present, the conventional processing process of coal tar in my country is to cut various fractions concentrated in components through pretreatment distillation, and then use physical or chemical methods (such as acid-base washing, distillation, polymerization, and crystallization methods) to process ...

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Problems solved by technology

The disadvantage of these methods is that the coal tar raw material is not fully utilized

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