186results about "Sulfate preparation" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for efficiently hydrolyzing lignocellulosic biomass and synchronously preparing multi-component liquid glucose and lignin. The method comprises the steps that: the lignocellulosic biomass through physical crushing is added with phosphoric acid to perform acid hydrolysis; then organic solvent is added to extract the lignin, the layering and the phase separation are performed, then the lignin is extracted out while the organic solvent is reclaimed under the condition of pressure reduction and distillation; phosphoric acid can be reclaimed through steps such as neutralization, filtration, acidification and so on, hemicellulose hydrolyzed liquid glucose is obtained at the same time; and the remained cellulose undergoes the zymohydrolysis to prepare cellulosic hydrolyzed liquid glucose. The method can separate lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose, remarkably decreases the degree of crystallinity of the cellulose hydrolyzed by phosphoric acid, and remarkably improves the zymohydrolysis efficiency; and the prepared hydrolyzed liquid glucose does not contain fermentation inhibitors. The method has mild treatment conditions, simple process and less side reactions; the phosphoric acid and the organic solvent can both be reclaimed and circularly used; and the method is environment-friendly, and has broad social and economic benefits.

This invention relates to processes for selective removal of contaminants from effluent gases. A sulfur dioxide absorption/desorption process for selective removal and recovery of sulfur dioxide from effluent gases utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution comprising weak inorganic or organic acids or salts thereof, to selectively absorb sulfur dioxide from the effluent gas. Absorbed sulfur dioxide is subsequently stripped to regenerate the absorption solution and produce a sulfur dioxide-enriched gas. A process for simultaneous removal of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides (NO_x) from effluent gases and recovery of sulfur dioxide utilizes a buffered aqueous absorption solution including a metal chelate to absorb sulfur dioxide and NO_x from the gas and subsequently reducing absorbed NO_x to form nitrogen. A process to control sulfate salt contaminant concentration in the absorption solution involves partial crystallization and removal of sulfate salt crystals.

The invention relates to a method for preparing thiocyanate and sulfate by utilizing desulfuration waste liquor in a coking plant, which comprises the following steps of: preparing saturated solution of copper sulfate, mixing the saturated solution with desulfuration waste liquor, and heating and stirring; performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid and sulfate liquid; adding aqueous alkali into the solid, heating at the temperature of between 50 and 98 DEG C, and stirring and reacting for 10 to 120 minutes; performing solid-liquid separation on slurry obtained by heating; concentrating the obtained liquid, and freezing for crystallizing and drying to obtain a high-purity thiocyanate product; calcining the obtained solid, adding solution of sulfuric acid, and stirring to produce the copper sulfate for circular use; adding activated carbon into the sulfate liquid, and aerating and oxidizing to purify sulfate; and concentrating the sulfate, and crystallizing and drying to obtain a high-purity sulfate product. The method solves the problem of pollution of the desulfuration waste liquor to the environment, and simultaneously, pollutants can become value products through the production of the high-purity thiocyanate product and the high-purity sulfate product.

In a flue gas treating system, an absorption tower (21), a reheating section (22) and a fan (23) are arranged in line on a vertical axis so as to function as at least a part of a stack for emitting the treated flue gas into the atmosphere. Moreover, in a flue gas treating process, the amount of ammonia injected in the denitration step (a denitrator (2)) and/or the amount of ammonia at a point downstream of the denitration step are determined so as to be on such an excessive level that ammonia or ammonium salt will remain in the flue gas introduced into the desulfurization step (absorption tower (21)). Thus, the size and cost of the equipment can be reduced.

A modified vanadium compound characterized in that vanadium sulfate (III), or a mixed vanadium compound of vanadium sulfate (III) and vanadyl sulfate (IV) contains excessive sulfuric acid other than sulfate group composing the vanadium sulfate (III) or the vanadyl sulfate (IV), and when the modified vanadium compound is used, a redox flow battery electrolyte can be prepared easily.

Sulfur composites and polymeric materials having a high sulfur content and prepared from elemental sulfur as the primary chemical feedstock. The sulfur copolymers are prepared by the polymerization of elemental sulfur with one or more monomers of amines, thiols, sulfides, alkynylly unsaturated monomers, nitrones, aldehydes, ketones, thiiranes, ethylenically unsaturated monomers, or epoxides. The sulfur copolymers may be further dispersed with metal or ceramic composites or copolymerized with elemental carbon, photoactive organic chromophores, or reactive and solubilizing/biocompatible moieties. The sulfur composites and polymeric materials feature the ability self-healing through thermal reformation. Applications utilizing the sulfur composites and polymeric materials may include electrochemical cells, optics, H₂S donors and antimicrobial materials.

Regarding the scavenger for aldehyde(s) used at the time of manufacturing a woody panel using woody materials and formaldehyde-based binders, the scavenger for aldehyde(s) without lowering of trapping properly even when a surface of said woody panel is sanded and having an excellent trapping property of trapping formaldehyde is provided. Further, the method of manufacturing a woody panel using a scavenger for aldehyde(s) and a woody panel are provided.

At least one kind of compound for trapping aldehyde(s) being solid at a room temperature is included and said compound for trapping aldehyde(s) is defined to be a powdery scavenger for aldehyde(s) having a property of generating acidic gas, in particular, sulfurous acid gas by heating and said compound for trapping aldehyde(s) is added to a binder or woody materials followed by a hot press, thereby manufacturing a woody panel.

A novel integrated process for the recovery of sulphate of potash (SOP) from sulphate rich bittern is disclosed. The process requires only bittern and lime as raw materials. Kainite type mixed salt is obtained by fractional crystallization of the bittern, Kainite is converted to schoenite with simultaneous removal of NaCl by processing it with water and end liquor obtained from reaction of schoenite with MOP for its conversion to SOP. The end liquor from kainite to schoenite conversion (SEL) is used for the recovery of MOP. SEL is desulphated and supplemented with MgCl₂ using end bittern generated in the process of making carnallite. The carnallite is decomposed to get crude potash which in turn processed to get MOP. The carnallite decomposed liquor produced in the decomposition of carnallite is reacted with hydrated lime for preparing CaCl₂ solution and high purity Mg(OH)₂ having low boron content, The CaCl₂ solution is used for desulphatation of SEL producing high purity gypsum as a byproduct. It is shown that the liquid steams containing potash are recycled in the process, the recovery of potash in the form of SOP is quantitative.

Compositions and methods of producing composite materials for use as a cathode in electrochemical cells. Elemental sulfur is mixed with tungsten sulfide (WS₂) to form a composite mixture. Organic comonomers may be added to the composite mixture. The composite mixture is reacted to form the composite material. Electrochemical cells with cathodes containing the composite material demonstrated improved battery performance.

The invention discloses a method of sulfur recovery through sulfur dioxide flue gas cleaning and catalyzing and the application of a catalyst. The technical steps are shown as the following figure, and the method concretely comprises the following steps: absorbing sulfur dioxide flue gas through alkali liquor, adding elementary selenium powder catalyst into obtained absorption liquid containing hydrosulphite, adding the elementary selenium powder catalyst and the absorption liquid into a closed container to be conducted to catalyzing, so as to produce elementary sulfur precipitate, adding sulphuric acid into the liquid after the sulfur precipitate is filtered and separated, concentrating and crystallizing, and obtaining hydrosulfate crystal after filtering. The method overcomes the deficiency of low concentration sulfur dioxide flue gas treatment in the prior art, adopts the elementary selenium as the catalyst, provides an efficiently absorbed sulfur recovery, adopts the mode of recovering elementary sulfur through two-stage low temperature sulfur-containing absorption liquid catalyzing and converting, is simple and environmentally friendly and high in economic benefit, and belongs to the field of resource and environment protection.

A hydrogen storage material and process is provided in which alkali borohydride materials are created which contain effective amounts of catalyst(s) which include transition metal oxides, halides, and chlorides of titanium, zirconium, tin, and combinations of the various catalysts. When the catalysts are added to an alkali borodydride such as a lithium borohydride, the initial hydrogen release point of the resulting mixture is substantially lowered. Additionally, the hydrogen storage material may be rehydrided with weight percent values of hydrogen at least about 9 percent.

The present invention relates to a method for making pure salt comprises recapturing post-drilling flowback water from hydro-fracturing; removing oil from the flowback water; filtering the flowback water using an ultra filter with a pore size of about 0.1 microns or less to remove solid particulates and large organic molecules, such as benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, and xylene, from the water; concentrating the flowback water to produce a brine that contains from about 15 wt % to about 40 wt % of salt relative to the total weight of the flowback brine; performing one or more chemical precipitation process using an effective amount of reagents to precipitate out the desired high quality commercial products, such as, barium sulfate, strontium carbonate, calcium carbonate; and crystallizing the chemically treated and concentrated flowback brine to produce greater than 99.5% pure salt products, such as sodium and calcium chloride.

The invention provides a method for removing fluorine from a sulfate solution. The method comprises the following steps: enabling a fluorine-containing sulfate solution to be in contact with calciumsulfate; controlling the pH (Potential of Hydrogen) of the solution to be 1.5 to 9.5 and transforming the fluorine into calcium fluoride; carrying out liquid-solid separation to obtain a fluorine-removed solution and fluorine-containing filtering dreg; transforming the fluorine-containing filtering dreg to recycle a sodium fluoride crystal; utilizing the fluorine-removed solution for direct industrial production, so as to extract valuable metal. By utilizing the difference of solubility of CaF2 and CaSO4 in a water solution, calcium sulfate is in contact with the fluorine-containing sulfate solution; the fluorine is transformed into calcium fluoride and is removed through the liquid-solid separation; in a treated sulfate solution, the content of F is less than or equal to 20mg/L; then a transformation agent is added to separate and recycle fluorine in fluorine-removing dreg by utilizing the difference of the solubility of the CaF2 and the CaSO3 in the water solution, so that recycling of the CaSO4 in a technological process is realized. The removal of the fluorine in the sulfate solution is realized and requirements, on the fluorine in material liquid, by industrial production are met; the production of fluorine-containing solid wastes is avoided. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple technology, convenience for operation, cleanness and environment protection, economical and high efficiency and the like and is suitable for industrial application of the removal of the fluorine in the sulfate solution.

Provided is a process for isolating zirconium peroxosulfate and its use, either as is or to prepare high purity zirconium compounds including powders of zirconium dioxide and stabilized zirconia. The process is based on precipitating a peroxide compound from an acidic peroxide solution of zirconium and provides a simple, economical method for producing the zirconium peroxosulfate powder and its derivatives with degree of zirconium recovery more than 99%. This process further provides an effective method for the separation and purification of zirconium from a variety of elements and/or naturally occurring ores.

A process is provided for disposing of hydrogen sulfide contained in a gas stream, wherein a first gas feed stream having a hydrogen sulfide gas component, a second gas feed stream having an oxygen gas component, and an aqueous liquid feed stream are combined to form a reaction mixture. The aqueous liquid feed stream may be water available in remote oilfield locales, such as produced water, or sea water. The aqueous liquid feed stream may include a significant concentration of preexisting sulfate ions, in which case it is generally desirable to remove the preexisting sulfate ions using membrane separation before mixing the aqueous liquid feed stream with the first and second gas feed streams. The resultant low sulfate liquid may further comprise one or more of the following dissolved ions: Na+,K+, Mg2+, Cl-, Br-, HCO3-. The reaction mixture is contacted with a catalyst, which is preferably an activated carbon, capable of inducing catalytic oxidation of the hydrogen sulfide gas component to produce sulfate ions. Oxidation of the reaction mixture results in a product mixture substantially free of elemental sulfur and having an aqueous liquid product stream which retains the produced sulfate ions in solution and a gas product stream which is substantially free of hydrogen sulfide. The gas product stream is separated from the aqueous liquid product stream and the two streams are separately disposed. The gas product stream is conventionally disposed by discharge into the atmosphere. The aqueous liquid product stream is conventionally disposed by discharge to the environment.

The production process of compound water-cleaning agent aluminium iron polysulfate uses the iron oxide contained offscum produced after production of sulfuric acid in sulfuric acid plant as raw material, and adopting the folloiwng steps: according to the chemometric, adding water, offscum and sulfuric acid into reactor in turn to make reaction, then adding isometric water to make dilution, and discharging diluted reactant into settling tank, adding small quantity of flocculant to make natural settling and solid-liquid separation, pumping said clear liquor into polymerization container, addingH2O2 and making it and the clear liquor to implement quick oxidation and polymerization to obtain the invention finished product liquor, evaporating and dewatering to obtain its natural crystal, thenbreaking it into granular or powdered material to obtain the invented solid aluminium iron polysulfate. It can obtain good sewage treatment effect.

A method of forming a clear ink jet coating or a colored ink jet image on a substrate is disclosed. The coating or colored image provides antibacterial and antifungal protection. The method includes providing a source of ink jet ink having a mixture of solvent and a silver salt biocide including a silver sulfate biocide having a concentration range of 0.0005 to 0.5 weight %, applying the clear ink or colored ink in an image wise fashion to a substrate, and fixing the clear or colored ink to the substrate whereby an effective coating or image article is formed that provides antibacterial and antifungal protection.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising water, more than 30% w/w of calcium hydroxide, and >0.2% w/w dispersant. A process for preparing such a composition is also disclosed. The composition which can be in the form of a 45-55% concentration lime slurry is particularly useful for converting concentrated ammonium lignosulfonate into calcium lignosulfonate, for converting ammonium lignosulfonate into low sulfate calcium, potassium, sodium, or magnesium lignosulfonate and mixtures thereof, for removing soluble sulfate from concentrated sodium, potassium, ammonium or magnesium lignosulfonate or for treating a weak liquor obtained from the pulp and paper industry.

A method for treating sulfide in an aqueous fluid comprises contacting the fluid with an oxidizer in the presence of a sulfur dye or sulfurized vat dye. In one embodiment, the method comprises treating sulfide contaminated water by contacting the contaminated water with air in the presence of a sulfur dye or a sulfurized vat dye. The method is useful for remediating industrial, agricultural, and municipal waste water.

The invention relates to a potassium feldspar decomposing method, namely a potassium feldspar low-temperature and wet decomposing method, characterized in that it comprises the steps of: 1) crushing potassium feldspar into <=200 meshes, adding in hydrochloric acid and water and obtaining mother solution A and filter cake A; and preparing ferric oxide red with the mother solution A; 2) mixing the filter cake A with fluoride mineral additive and water, adding pulp into a reactor, reacting and producing escaping SiF4 gas and preparing white carbon black; adding water to reaction product in the reactor, filtering and obtaining filtrate C and CaSO4 2H2O; 3) regulating the filtrate C with ammonia and obtaining filter cake D and mother solution D; preparing potassium ammonium sulphate with the mother solution D; 4) pulping the filter cake D with water and adding in sulphuric acid, filtering and obtaining filter cake E and filtrate E, mixing the filter cake E uniformly with SiO2 nH2O prepared in the step 2) and preparing white carbon black; 5) adding ammonia to the filtrate E and obtaining filter cake F and filtrate F, and preparing the filter cake F into fire retardant aluminum hydroxide. And the method has characters of a whole low-temperature course, low production cost, and full resources utilization.

The present invention is directed to the conversion of gas streams comprising ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, and water in the form of liquids or gases that are generated by petroleum refineries and coke ovens to beneficiary agriculture products, by forming ammonium sulfide and then converting the ammonium sulfide, using sulfuric acid, to pure ammonium sulfate.