258results about "Monoborane/diborane hydrides" patented technology

The present invention relates to compositions and processes for producing borohydride compounds. In particular, the present invention provides efficient processes and compositions for the large-scale production of borohydride compounds.

The present invention relates to the use of triborohydride salts as hydrogen storage materials. The present invention also relates to a system of using triborohydride salts to generate hydrogen gas for use in a fuel cell or other hydrogen-consuming device. A novel method of preparing triborohydride salts is also disclosed, wherein gaseous diborane is reacted with a carbonate suspended in a non-aqueous solvent in a suitable vessel with agitation. The process is typically carried out utilizing sodium carbonate to form sodium triborohydride. Other triborohydride salts can then be formed by cationic exchange. Hydrogen generating fuels according to the present invention include aqueous or hydroalcoholic solutions or slurries of a triborohydride salt, which may additionally contain a borohydride salt to provide operation over a broader temperature range.

The invention provides compositions for reversible storage of hydrogen at industrially practicable temperature and pressure conditions. Hydrogen storage material systems comprising stable hydrides and destabilizing hydrides. When the stable hydride is in the presence of the destabilizing hydride, the stable hydride releases hydrogen at a lower energy level than it would in the absence of the destabilizing hydride.

The invention relates to an organic matter and ammonia borane compounded hydrogen storage material. The hydrogen storage material is prepared by compounding the organic matter and the ammonia borane, wherein the organic matter is phthalic anhydride, polyethylene oxide, dextrose, mannitol or mannitol hexaacetic ester. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) adding the organic matter to the purified acetonitrile solvent, and stirring for dissolving; 2) dissolving the ammonia borane into the mixing solvent comprising acetonitrile and methanol, and stirring at the temperature of 20 to 70 DEG C to obtain a uniform solution; and 3) carrying out vacuum drying, and removing the solvent, thus obtaining the hydrogen storage material. The invention has the advantages that the ammonia borane and the organic matter are taken as raw materials to prepare the hydrogen storage material at the lower hydrogen discharge temperature; the thermal decomposition and hydrogen discharge temperature of the ammonia borane can be effectively reduced; the generation of harmful gas impurities of borazole, diborane, ammonia and the like is effectively inhibited; the hydrogen storage material has quicker hydrogen discharge kinetics; in addition, the heat discharge amount is less in the hydrogen discharge course; and the enthalpy change of a decomposition reaction approaches to thermal neutrality; and the hydrogen storage material is beneficial to realizing the regeneration of reaction products through a solid-gas reaction or a chemical process under the relatively mild condition.

A method for producing a borohydride is described and which includes the steps of providing a source of borate; providing a material which chemically reduces the source of the borate to produce a borohydride; and reacting the source of borate and the material by supplying heat at a temperature which substantially effects the production of the borohydride.

The invention relates to liborohydride hydrogen storage material and a preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that the formula of hydrogen storage material is (100-x)LiBH4+XMeO, wherein MeO is a adorning oxide, weight percent of X is 10-80%. After blending LiBH4 and the oxide according to the formula, the mixture is ball milled in protection of inert atmosphere to process surface treatment. The oxide is optional one of TiO2, Fe2O3, ZrO2, V2O5, SiO2, Al2O3, Al2O3-SiO2 or TiO2-SiO2. The intial hydrogen temperature of hydrogen storage material of the invention is lower than 100 DEG C, hydrogen amount is 3-6.5% at lower than 300 DEG C.

A hydrogen storage material and process is provided in which alkali borohydride materials are created which contain effective amounts of catalyst(s) which include transition metal oxides, halides, and chlorides of titanium, zirconium, tin, and combinations of the various catalysts. When the catalysts are added to an alkali borodydride such as a lithium borohydride, the initial hydrogen release point of the resulting mixture is substantially lowered. Additionally, the hydrogen storage material may be rehydrided with weight percent values of hydrogen at least about 9 percent.

Methods of controlled hydrolysis/alcoholysis and regeneration of a borohydride are disclosed. Examples of the present invention show that hydrolysis of sodium borohydride or lithium borohydride with dilute acid provides simultaneous generation of H₂ and boric acid for recycling. Other examples of the present invention show methods for regenerating a borohydride by reacting an aluminum hydride to a borate compound to provide a regenerated borohydride.

A process for production of sodium borohydride. The process comprises the steps of: (a) combining a boric acid ester, B(OR)₃ and sodium aluminum hydride to produce sodium borohydride and Al(OR)₃; and (b) combining Al(OR)₃ and sulfuric acid to produce alum and ROH.

Methods of forming materials that contain hydrogen storage materials and nano-structured matrices are described. In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage material is a complex hydride. In another embodiment, the method includes melting at least one compound capable of storing and releasing hydrogen, obtaining an aluminum-containing nano-structured matrix having a melting point higher than the temperature of the at least one compound, and contacting the molten at least one compound with the nano-structured matrix to facilitate the coating of the nano-structured material with the molten at least one compound. The matrix may undergo mechanical working to further modify the nano-structure. In yet another embodiment, the method includes forming a powder including a gas-atomized aluminum-containing powder, and pressing or sintering the powder to form a matrix, such that the matrix has nano-meter scale pores.

Electrochemical processes and apparatus for obtaining metals from metal salts, including for separating alkali metal and alcohols from alkali metal alkoxide compounds, are disclosed. Aqueous solutions of metal alkoxides or metal carbonates are converted to metals by electrochemical processes which may also be integrated into processes for the production of borohydrides, such as sodium borohydride.

The invention discloses a solid-phase synthesis method of a Mg(BH4)2 hydrogen storage material. Magnesium boride or a mixture of magnesium boride and magnesium hydride is used as a starting material to carry out a mechanochemical reaction in high pressure hydrogen atmosphere, with a catalyst selected from one or more of a transition metal, a transition metal halide, a transition metal hydride and a transition metal oxide, so as to prepare the Mg(BH4)2. The preparation method of the Mg(BH4)2 hydrogen storage material of the invention has advantages of simple synthetic method, easily controlled reaction process, low cost and no organic pollution.

The invention belongs to the technical field of compound preparation, in particular relates to a preparation method of sodium borohydride. The invention is different from the traditional gas-solid heterogeneous reaction, and carries out solid-state reaction by a metal hydride and a boron-containing compound, and then the sodium borohydride is prepared. The reaction in the invention is carried out completely at the inner part of solid-state materials, so the sodium borohydride can be obtained under lower hydrogen pressure even in an atmosphere of inert gases, thus, high-pressure hydrogen avoids to be used and the requirement to equipment is reduced. The preparation method has the advantages of simple technical process and easy realization of scale production.

The invention relates to a graphene-metal or semimetal shell-core structure composite material and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the steps that obtained modified graphene oxide is taken as a base to be concentrated and dried by evaporation, and then organic solvent displacement is conducted to obtain an organic solution of the modified graphene oxide; the surface of metal or semimetal is coated with the modified graphene oxide through a liquid-phase self-assembly method to form a graphene-metal or semimetal coating solution; after filtering and drying are conducted, the graphene-metal or semimetal shell-core composite material is obtained. According to the method, a conventional organic matter and inorganic matter coating process is improved, the influences of the water solvent and high temperature on the activity of some metals and semimetals with the high reaction activity are reduced, process realization of a coating method is expanded, and application barriers of the graphene and the active metal or semimetal in an energy-containing material are solved.

The invention relates to a method for preparing alkali borohydride, in particular to a method for preparing sodium borohydride by a chemical mechanical mechanics method and solving the problems of environmental pollution, severe operation condition and the like during the preparation process of the sodium borohdride in the prior art. The method takes magnesium hydride as a hydrogen source, takes borax as a boron source and prepares the sodium borohydride by combining mechanical grinding with chemical reaction. In the hydrogen atmosphere, under a certain temperature and pressure, the magnesium powder is mechanically grinded and generates hydrogenation reaction with the hydrogen, thus preparing magnesium hydride; subsequently, the borax, sodium carbonate and magnesium hydride are arranged in a ball mill with a certain proportion; certain hydrogen pressure, ball material ratio and grinding time are kept, thus obtaining the sodium borohydride. The purity of the sodium borohydride prepared by the method can achieve more than 97%. The chemical mechanical mechanics method is adopted to prepare the sodium borohydride, and compared with the currently general Schlesinger method and Baeyer method, the method has the advantages of low raw material cost, simple, convenient and safe process, no pollution and the like.