The invention provides a dendritic crystal corroding agent for high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of inspection and analysis of steel billet at low magnification. The dendritic crystal corroding agent is prepared from 0.6-2.1 g of cupric chloride, 0.1-0.3 g of magnesium chloride, 1-3 g of ferric chloride, 100 mL of water, 9-12 mL of hydrochloric acid, 1-4 mL of nitric acid and 125-130 mL of absolute ethyl alcohol. The preparation method comprises the steps of step 1, based on the proportioning, adding in sequence water, cupric chloride, magnesium chloride, ferric chloride, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring uniformly, keeping the solution static for 5-15 minutes, and step 2, polishing the surface of the test surface of the austenitic stainless steel, corroding the surface with corroding agent for 2-5 minutes, waiting until the generation of clearly visible dendritic crystal solidified structure, then rinsing and blow-drying the test surface, then testing and observing the corrosion effect. The corroding agent can easily, quickly and effectively show the corrosion condition of the dendritic crystal of the high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, can explicitly manifest the solid dendritic crystal structure, and can accurately manifest the solidification defects. The corroding agent is good in repeatability.