103 results about "Adiponitrile" patented technology

The invention discloses a green method for synthesizing hexamethylenediamine, which comprises the following steps: by taking adiponitrile and ethanol as solvents as raw materials and taking a porous cobalt-based catalyst and a solid base catalyst which are mixed according to a certain ratio as catalysts, reacting to obtain hexamethylenediamine at the reaction temperature of 70-90 DEG C under the reaction pressure of 2-5MPa H2 and the stirring rotating speed of 500-1000rpm. In the hydrogenation process, the two catalysts are mixed and added according to a certain proportion, and efficient conversion of adiponitrile and high selectivity of hexamethylenediamine can be realized under mild conditions. The catalyst used in the method is simple in preparation process, low in cost and easy to recover, the hexamethylenediamine synthesis process is green, and good economic benefits and application prospects are embodied. The method provided by the invention solves the problem that in the traditional process of synthesizing hexamethylenediamine through adiponitrile hydrogenation, inorganic alkali, such as sodium hydroxide, ammonia water and other strong corrosive additives, needs to be added, so that the conversion efficiency and selectivity are improved, the requirement on equipment is reduced, and meanwhile, the energy consumption of later separation is reduced.

Provided in the present application are a secondary battery and an electronic device. The secondary battery comprises a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and an electrolyte solution. The positive electrode sheet comprises a composite current collector and a positive electrode material layer provided on at least one surface of the composite current collector. The positive electrode material layer comprises a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide compound. On the basis of the total molar amount of metal elements other than lithium, the molar percentage content of nickel in the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide compound is X, wherein X>80%. The electrolyte solution comprises adiponitrile and succinonitrile. On the basis of the mass of the electrolyte, the mass percentage content of adiponitrile is B1, and the mass percentage content of succinonitrile is B2, wherein 0.01≤X×B1 / B2≤90. The present application can improve the capacity retention ratio and lithium ion acceptance of a secondary battery after a high- or low-temperature impact test.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a high-performance hexamethylenediamine synthesis catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of new materials. A nickel-based hexabasic alloy is prepared from 10%-30% of Ni, 20%-30% of Fe, 0.5%-3% of Mo, 0.5%-3% of Cr, 0.5%-3% of Mn and 50%-60% of Al through a vacuum melting method, the nickel-based hexabasic alloy is physically crushed into alloy powder, then the porous nickel-based catalyst is prepared through a dealloying method, iron plays a role in reducing the cost, the selectivity is improved through the microelement molybdenum, the mechanical strength is improved through the chromium, and the catalytic activity is improved through the manganese. The catalyst has the characteristics of simple preparation process, low preparation cost and the like, has more excellent reaction activity, target selectivity and stability in the reaction of synthesizing hexamethylenediamine through hydrogenation of adiponitrile compared with an industrial catalyst, and shows good economic benefits and application prospects.

The application discloses a supported PtNi b-site adiponitrile hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of thermal catalysis. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dispersing ammonium tungsten oxide pentahydrate in water, adding an acidic solution, condensing and refluxing, heating and reacting, centrifugal filtering and drying the precipitate to prepare tungsten oxide nanorod carriers; (2) dispersing the tungsten oxide nanorod carriers in a solvent, adding a platinum salt solution, stirring, evaporating the solvent, and calcining the solid to prepare a catalyst precursor; and (3) dispersing the catalyst precursor in a solvent, adding a nickel salt solution, stirring, evaporating the solvent, and calcining the solid to prepare the catalyst. The application introduces Pt and Ni on the reducible WO3 carrier to construct a bimetallic active site catalyst, and the bimetallic active site catalyst can catalyze the reaction of adiponitrile hydrogenation to prepare primary amine under mild conditions, has the characteristics of low noble metal loading, high activity and high selectivity, and has important industrial application value.

The invention discloses a system and a method for preparing adiponitrile by electrolyzing acrylonitrile, and relates to the technical field of chemical product preparation, reaction and separation are efficiently coupled through process innovation, so that an acrylonitrile recovery unit is omitted, the safety is improved, and a modularized external reaction area capable of being flexibly expanded is introduced into the design of a reactor. The design aims to fundamentally break through the physical limitation of traditional equipment on the electrode area, and a brand new technical path is provided for realizing high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption large-scale industrial production. Nearly complete conversion of acrylonitrile is realized through the rectifying tower, and a tower kettle product does not contain unreacted acrylonitrile, so that a complicated acrylonitrile recovery tower and a circulating system do not need to be arranged in a subsequent separation system, the process is remarkably shortened, and equipment investment and operation energy consumption are reduced.

The application provides an electrolyte for electrolysis of acrylonitrile to adiponitrile, which comprises acrylonitrile, modified quaternary ammonium salt and water, wherein the modified quaternary ammonium salt comprises functional groups shown in formula (a) and formula (b) simultaneously, the functional group shown in formula (b) is wherein R1-R4 in formula (a) are alkyl groups with carbon number of 0-6; formula (b) is an alkyl group with carbon number of n, n=1-20; the structure of the modified quaternary ammonium salt contains 2-4 functional groups shown in formula (a). A method for electrolysis of acrylonitrile to adiponitrile by using the electrolyte is also disclosed. The electrolyte for electrolysis of acrylonitrile to adiponitrile contains modified quaternary ammonium salt, thereby improving the conversion rate and selectivity of electrolysis of acrylonitrile to adiponitrile.

The application discloses a preparation method of an iron-based composite anode for electrochemical synthesis of adiponitrile, and the iron-based composite anode comprises an iron base material which can be pure iron, carbon steel, 304, 316L, 904L, 2204 and the like, and a tungsten carbide bottom layer and a doped active layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the iron base material from inside to outside. The tungsten carbide bottom layer is sprayed on the surface of the iron base material, and the doped active layer is prepared on the tungsten carbide bottom layer. In the electrochemical synthesis of adiponitrile, the iron-based composite anode is used as an anode. The iron-based composite anode improves the adhesion between the doped active layer and the base material, improves the electric conductivity, and improves the corrosion resistance. In the electrochemical synthesis of adiponitrile, the problem of easy corrosion of the anode in electrolysis is solved, the service life is prolonged, and the yield of adiponitrile and the electrolytic current efficiency are improved.

This invention relates to a method for preparing hexamethylenediamine by hydrogenation of adiponitrile in the presence of a Raney nickel catalyst, wherein a Raney nickel catalyst modified by treatment with carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide in a liquid medium is used.

The application provides a method for synthesizing adiponitrile by selective ammoxidation of epoxycyclohexane. The purpose of the application is to simulate and optimize the process of synthesizing adiponitrile by one-step direct ammoxidation of epoxycyclohexane, and to develop a new type of multiphase composite metal vanadium-based oxide catalyst, which is composed of Co a V b P c Mo d MNOx / TiO2, the active elements of which include vanadium element V, cobalt element Co, phosphorus element P and molybdenum element Mo, M is an auxiliary metal element (Mn, Cr, Fe or Ni), N is an alkali metal (Na, K or Cs); the value range of a is 0.2-1.2; the value range of b is 0.8-1.5; the value range of c is 0.1-0.23; the value range of d is 0.07-0.35; x is the proportion of oxygen atoms required to meet the oxidation state of metal. The catalyst has the advantages of simple preparation, good cycle stability, high yield and the like. The yield and product purity of adiponitrile are improved, the energy consumption in the production process of adiponitrile is reduced, and a breakthrough is realized in the production technology of adiponitrile.

This invention relates to the field of organic synthesis technology and discloses a method and system for preparing adiponitrile. The method includes: S1: atomizing molten adipic acid and mixing it with ammonia gas, followed by an ammoniation reaction to generate an ammoniation product; S2: dividing the ammoniation product into two parts, a and b. Part a undergoes a countercurrent, non-contact heat exchange with hot material to generate crude adiponitrile through heating and dehydration, while part b is recycled back to step S1 to participate in the reaction. The ratio of the ammoniation product in part a to that in part b is (1~5):1. The temperature of the hot material is higher than the temperature of the ammoniation product in part a. This invention improves the efficiency of the ammoniation reaction, reduces the decomposition side reactions of adipic acid and the residue of adipic acid, and significantly improves the conversion rate of the dehydration reaction and the selectivity of adiponitrile.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an adiponitrile derivative with a complex skeleton, which comprises the following steps: taking cheap and easily available terminal olefin, a safe and nontoxic cyano source azobisisobutyronitrile and a derivative thereof as initial raw materials, and carrying out cross-coupling reaction without a transition metal catalyst; an adiponitrile derivative with a complex skeleton and a plurality of all-carbon quaternary carbon centers is constructed in one step; the method is mild in condition, the reaction process is easy and convenient to operate, the substrate adaptability is wide, and the prepared adiponitrile derivative with the complex framework has the value as a functional material precursor.

This invention provides a cleaning agent for nitrile coking deposits, its preparation method, and its application, relating to the field of cleaning agent technology. The cleaning agent for nitrile coking deposits of this invention uses adiponitrile and methylglutaronitrile, which have highly similar molecular structures to the coking deposits, as the main solvents, working with ligands, surfactants, and corrosion inhibitors to achieve efficient dissolution and stripping. The preparation method of the cleaning agent of this invention utilizes optimized phase-separation emulsification and dehydration processes to efficiently integrate hydrophilic and lipophilic functional components, producing a stable and homogeneous non-aqueous cleaning agent. The application of the cleaning agent of this invention in cleaning nitrile reactor residues, through closed-loop heating and online diversion filtration processes, can efficiently dissolve and strip coking deposits from the inner walls of equipment and complex pipelines; it achieves simultaneous cleaning, separation, and recovery, significantly reducing hazardous waste generation and ensuring operational safety and stability throughout the process.

The invention discloses an electrolyte, a lithium ion battery and electric equipment, the electrolyte comprises a lithium salt, a solvent and a functional additive, the functional additive comprises at least one of a first additive, a second additive and a third additive, the first additive comprises vinylene carbonate, methylene methanedisulfonate, divinyl sulfone and 1, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate, and the third additive comprises at least one of vinylene carbonate, methylene methanedisulfonate, divinyl sulfone and 1, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate. The first additive comprises at least one of 1, 3-propane sultone, the second additive comprises at least one of 4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) benzonitrile and ethylene sulfate, and the third additive comprises at least one of succinic anhydride, adiponitrile and 4-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) benzonitrile. According to the characteristics and main problems of the lithium manganese iron phosphate battery, corresponding functional additives are respectively matched, so that stable electrolyte interface films are formed on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, dissolution of transition metal manganese ions of the positive electrode and deposition of the negative electrode are inhibited, and gas production of the battery under a high-temperature condition is reduced.

The invention provides a method for separating and purifying 1,2-cyclohexanediamine from a product synthesized from hexamethylenediamine by hydrogenating adiponitrile. The method comprises the steps of firstly rectifying the product synthesized from hexamethylenediamine by hydrogenating adiponitrile in a lightness removal tower, collecting the obtained bottom liquid, sending it to a refining tower for further rectification, and extracting 1,2-cyclohexanediamine from the top of the refining tower. The method successfully separates and purifies 1,2-cyclohexanediamine from a product synthesized from adiponitrile with complex components and similar physical properties by limiting the theoretical plate number, tower top operating pressure, and tower bottom operating temperature of the lightness removal tower and the theoretical plate number, tower top operating pressure, and tower top operating temperature of the refining tower, thereby effectively improving the product quality and production efficiency of 1,2-cyclohexanediamine.

The invention belongs to the technical field of green chemistry, and particularly relates to a method for modifying a flexible ring region of nitrile hydratase and application of the method. The specific method comprises the following steps: carrying out double mutation on nitrile hydratase sites alpha D38 and alpha I152, or carrying out double mutation on nitrile hydratase sites alpha E157 and beta G197, or carrying out quadruple mutation on the nitrile hydratase sites alpha D38, alpha I152, alpha E157 and beta G197, so as to construct the nitrile hydratase mutant with improved thermal stability. The thermal stability of the nitrile hydratase modified by mutation is greatly improved. The mutant nitrile hydratase can keep the conformation and activity for a longer time, the resistance to external thermal interference is enhanced, and the half-life period for catalyzing an adiponitrile reaction is remarkably prolonged, which is the inherent excellent attribute of the mutant nitrile hydratase as a catalyst, and the mutant nitrile hydratase has important reference significance for research on improvement of the thermal stability of the nitrile hydratase.

The present invention discloses a method for preparing adiponitrile, comprising the following steps: adding acrylonitrile, an ionic liquid, and water to an electrolytic cell, and generating adiponitrile by a reduction reaction at the cathode; wherein the cathode material comprises a substrate, an intermediate layer, and a surface layer, the substrate being selected from one of graphite, carbon steel, and titanium; the intermediate layer comprising a metal material selected from one of cadmium, lead, silver, and tin, and being connected to the substrate by supersonic flame spraying, magnetron sputtering, or plasma spraying; and the surface layer comprising two types of metals, the first type of metal being selected from one of metallic cadmium, lead, tin, and silver, and the second type of metal element being selected from one of rare earth metals. The present invention provides a green and efficient method for preparing adiponitrile, solving the problems of complex reaction processes, difficult product separation, and high safety risks associated with existing production technologies.

The invention discloses a preparation method of 1-amino-2-cyano-1-cyclopentene, which comprises the following steps: 1, preparing a mixed solution, namely mixing a first organic solvent with super alkali in a protective gas atmosphere, heating by adopting a nano infrared energy-saving electric heating coil, stirring, uniformly mixing and dissolving to obtain the mixed solution; the super base is selected from one of potassium tert-butoxide, sodium tert-butoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium methoxide and sodium hydroxide; 2, cyclization reaction: dropwise adding adiponitrile into the mixed solution, and continuously carrying out infrared heat preservation reaction for 3-8 hours to obtain a reaction solution of 1-amino-2-cyano-1-cyclopentene; 3, cooling crystallization and filtration: cooling the reaction liquid to-10-5 DEG C, standing for crystallization, and carrying out pressure filtration in a protective gas atmosphere to obtain an ACCP crude product and a filtrate; and 4, recrystallizing and refining to obtain a pure product. The method is mild in reaction condition, low in energy consumption, good in product yield and high in product purity, solves the problems of high solvent toxicity, low yield and high environmental protection pressure in the prior art, and is suitable for production of medicine and pesticide intermediates.

The application discloses a method for preparing hexamethylene diamine by hydrogenation of adiponitrile, which comprises the following steps: preparing a reaction solution by hydrogenation reaction of adiponitrile, and preparing the hexamethylene diamine by post-treatment; wherein the hydrogenation reaction system further comprises an adsorbent and mother liquor generated in the post-treatment process. By returning the mother liquor containing nitrogen heteroheptacycle Schiff base, amide and other impurities of the hydrogenation ammonia by-product to the reactor and adding the adsorbent in the reaction, the content of the reaction by-product AMCPA can be reduced to below 5 mg / kg, and the polarographic value of the hexamethylene diamine product is less than or equal to 20 mmol IB / t-HMD, compared with the production process without recycling the mother liquor according to the application.

This invention discloses a method for pretreatment and purification of crude adiponitrile prepared by butadiene hydrocyanation, belonging to the field of organic chemical product refining technology. The method includes: continuous multi-stage countercurrent washing of crude adiponitrile containing metal compound impurities using a brine solution; transferring the metal compound impurities to the aqueous phase through extraction; after oil-water separation, adjusting the pH of the aqueous phase to precipitate the metal compounds; obtaining a solid metal compound and a filtrate through solid-liquid separation; recycling the filtrate as washing liquid; dehydrating the oil phase to obtain a dehydrated adiponitrile solution suitable for entering a distillation system; and distilling the dehydrated adiponitrile solution to obtain qualified adiponitrile. This invention can efficiently remove residual metal compounds from crude adiponitrile, with a removal rate greater than 99%, and the metal content in the oil phase after treatment is less than 10 ppm. It does not introduce nitrogen-containing impurities such as ammonia / amines, resulting in high product purity. The process is simple, energy consumption is low, the washing liquid can be recycled, and metal resources are easily recovered, showing good prospects for industrial application.

The invention relates to the technical field of catalysts, in particular to a catalyst, a preparation method thereof and a preparation method of hexamethylenediamine. The catalyst provided by the invention comprises a carrier, an active component and an auxiliary agent, the active component comprises Ni; the auxiliary agent comprises Fe and Cr. According to the catalyst disclosed by the invention, the bimetallic auxiliaries Fe and Cr are introduced, so that the content of zero-valent Ni is effectively increased, the hydrogenation activity is promoted, and the reaction process is accelerated; the catalyst is used for preparing hexamethylenediamine through adiponitrile hydrogenation, and the conversion rate of adiponitrile and the selectivity of hexamethylenediamine under mild conditions are improved.

The present disclosure relates to a method for preparing adiponitrile, comprising the following steps: contacting cyclohexanone oxime, an ammonia source and a catalyst to perform a catalytic reaction; the catalyst comprises a hierarchical pore Silicalite-1 molecular sieve, and the hierarchical pore Silicalite-1 molecular sieve has a plurality of cavity structures in the crystal. The present disclosure does not need to use toxic and harmful solvents, and has higher cyclohexanone oxime conversion rate and adiponitrile selectivity.

The present invention relates to a method for catalytically synthesizing cycloheximide, comprising the following steps: in the presence of a selective hydrogenation amination catalyst, adding a raw material, adiponitrile, and a solvent to a high-pressure reactor and stirring uniformly; then sealing the reactor to test air tightness; introducing hydrogen into the reactor for replacement, exhausting other gases, introducing hydrogen, heating reaction, and obtaining cycloheximide; wherein the selective amination hydrogenation catalyst is a nitrogen source using 2-methylimidazole as a matrix, and an active metal Ni and a carrier activated carbon are combined with the catalyst; mechanical ball milling and pyrolysis are used to finally obtain a catalyst having a mass content of Ni of 8 to 18%. The present invention uses adiponitrile as a starting material, is cheap and readily available, has a simple catalyst preparation method, can be synthesized at low catalyst dosages, is easily separated after the reaction, can be recycled multiple times, and has good industrial application prospects.

Provided in the present application are a secondary battery and an electronic device. The secondary battery comprises a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and an electrolyte solution. The positive electrode sheet comprises a composite current collector and a positive electrode material layer provided on at least one surface of the composite current collector. The positive electrode material layer comprises a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide compound. On the basis of the total molar amount of metal elements other than lithium, the molar percentage content of nickel in the lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide compound is X, wherein X>80%. The electrolyte solution comprises adiponitrile and succinonitrile. On the basis of the mass of the electrolyte, the mass percentage content of adiponitrile is B1, and the mass percentage content of succinonitrile is B2, wherein 0.01≤X×B1 / B2≤90. The present application can improve the capacity retention ratio and lithium ion acceptance of a secondary battery after a high- or low-temperature impact test.

The application discloses a secondary battery and an electronic device, and relates to the technical field of new energy sources. The secondary battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte and a diaphragm. The diaphragm comprises a polyolefin base material and a coating layer arranged on at least one surface of the polyolefin base material, wherein the coating layer comprises boehmite. The electrolyte contains a specific amount of 1,3-propanesultone, 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile, lithium difluorophosphate, a boron-containing lithium salt and adiponitrile. The total amount of 1,3-propanesultone and 1,3,6-hexanetricarbonitrile, the total amount of lithium difluorophosphate and the boron-containing lithium salt and adiponitrile are within specific ranges, so that the secondary battery can have high energy density, good high-voltage life and good safety.

The application provides a hydrocyanation reaction method, which is carried out in a reaction system containing an aromatic amine under the action of a nickel-monodentate phosphite ligand catalyst, and the structure of the aromatic amine is: wherein, X 1 - X 3 groups and Y 1 - Y 3 groups each include any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylamine group, a hydroxyl group and an amino group. The hydrocyanation reaction method of the application includes the nickel-monodentate phosphite ligand catalyst and the aromatic amine with a specific structure, so that the hydrocyanation reaction method can be catalyzed to be shortened in time, the accumulation of ligand hydrolysis products can be significantly reduced or eliminated, and the catalyst loss in the reaction can be reduced. The hydrocyanation reaction method of the application has high reaction efficiency, stable catalyst performance, high raw material conversion rate and high product selectivity, and can be used for the preparation process of preparing adiponitrile by directly hydrocyanating a large amount of butadiene.

Provided in the present invention is a hydrocyanation method. The hydrocyanation method is carried out in a reaction system containing an aromatic amine under the action of a nickel-monodentate phosphite ligand catalyst. The structure of the aromatic amine is as shown in formula I, wherein X1-X3 groups and Y1-Y3 groups separately comprise any one of hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an alkylamino group, a hydroxyl group and an amino group. The hydrocyanation method of the present invention comprises the nickel-monodentate phosphite ligand catalyst and the aromatic amine having a specific structure; therefore, the time of the hydrocyanation method can be catalytically shortened, the accumulation of a ligand hydrolysate can be substantially reduced or eliminated, and the loss of the catalyst during the reaction can also be reduced. In the hydrocyanation method of the present invention, the reaction efficiency is high, the performance of the catalyst is stable, and the conversion rate of the raw materials and the selectivity of the product are higher; therefore, the hydrocyanation method can be used in a preparation process for large-scale preparation of adiponitrile from butadiene by means of a direct hydrocyanation method.

The invention provides a deep treatment system for adiponitrile waste residue oil, and belongs to the technical field of adiponitrile waste residue oil. The adiponitrile waste residue oil deep treatment system comprises a solid treatment unit, the solid treatment unit comprises a deep extraction device, a low-temperature heat treatment device, a crushing device, a hydrothermal treatment device and a filtering device which are connected in sequence; the deep extraction device is used for treating adiponitrile waste residue oil to obtain crude nitrile and high-viscosity residue; the low-temperature heat treatment device is used for treating the high-viscosity slag charge to obtain solid waste slag and is provided with an oxygen-deficient air inlet; the smashing device and the hydrothermal treatment device are used for treating solid waste residues, and carbon balls are obtained after filtering and washing are conducted through the filtering device. The adiponitrile waste residue oil which is high in viscosity and difficult to subpackage and transport is efficiently converted into small-particle carbon spheres which are regular in form and stable in property, and convenience and economical efficiency of subsequent treatment and disposal are remarkably improved.

A method for producing adiponitrile from waste PA-66 plastic via electrochemical hydrogen evolution coupled with electrochemical oxidation belongs to the fields of electrochemical hydrogen evolution and waste plastic recycling and upgrading. Industrial waste PA-66 plastic undergoes simple depolymerization to obtain adipic acid crystals and a hexamethylenediamine solution of acceptable purity. The hexamethylenediamine solution is directly used as the electrolyte, employing V-Ni2P catalyst, and undergoes continuous, long-term electrolysis in a constructed two-electrode electrolytic cell. Through electrolysis, hydrogen gas is obtained at the cathode, and adiponitrile is obtained at the anode, with both selectivity and yield approaching 100%. After complete reaction, the adiponitrile separates from the aqueous solution, directly yielding a high-purity adiponitrile product. This process is simple to operate, low-cost, high-return, and efficiently produces green hydrogen while upgrading waste plastics into chemicals, maximizing the utilization of renewable energy. It paves a path for the commercialization and sustainable production of high-value bulk chemicals and clean H2 fuels from PA-66 waste plastics, and has broad application prospects.

The application discloses a preparation method of hexamethylene diamine, which comprises the following steps: 1) catalyst pretreatment: mixing a hydrogenation catalyst and a modifier, and treating under a nitrogen atmosphere for 0.5-2h to obtain a modified catalyst; and 2) hydrogenation reaction: hydrogenating adiponitrile into hexamethylene diamine in the presence of the modified catalyst. The hexamethylene diamine prepared by the method has the advantages of good catalyst stability, high product yield and low DCH generation amount, and the problem of frequent shutdown of a device can be avoided due to the non-introduction of inorganic alkali.

The invention discloses an integral hierarchical porous reticular nickel catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of chemical catalytic materials. According to the catalyst, a commercial nickel net is used as a supporting framework, and a porous nickel active layer with micron-level thickness is constructed on the surface of a nickel net wire, so that an integral structure with macro-mesoporous-micro hierarchical pore channels is formed. The preparation method comprises the following steps: burying the nickel net in mixed powder containing aluminum powder and an activating agent (aluminum chloride or ammonium chloride), and carrying out high-temperature roasting in an inert atmosphere to form a nickel-aluminum alloy layer on the surface of the nickel net; and then aluminum is removed through alkali liquor corrosion, and the monolithic catalyst with the raney nickel type porous structure on the surface is obtained. The catalyst has the advantages of excellent mass and heat transfer performance, high specific surface area, abundant active sites, simple preparation process and low cost. When the catalyst is applied to an adiponitrile hydrogenation reaction, high activity and high selectivity are shown. Assistants such as Fe, Cr, Mo, Co, Zn and the like can be introduced through post-modification, so that the performance is further improved.