27 results about "Hydrogen cyanide" patented technology

The invention relates to a process for removing nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and nitrous oxide from an exhaust gas stream obtained in a nitration process, comprising: (a) Removing nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide from the exhaust gas stream by adding an oxygen comprising gas to the exhaust gas stream, oxidizing the nitrogen monoxide in the gas stream to form nitrogen dioxide, thereby obtaining a gas stream depleted in nitrogen monoxide; (b) Washing the gas stream depleted in nitrogen monoxide with water to obtain a gas stream depleted in nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide; (c) Converting nitrous oxide in the gas stream depleted in nitrogen monoxide and nitrogen dioxide into nitrogen and carbon dioxide and optionally oxygen in the presence of a nitrous oxide reduction catalyst and in the presence of hydrogen cyanide.

Methods and systems for synthesis using an underwater electric arc. Such methods and systems form an electrical arc between an anode and a cathode positioned under water or within an aqueous mist and introduce an added material into the vicinity of the electrical arc. The formation of the electrical arc in the vicinity of the added material facilitates synthesis of chemical products from the added material. Such synthesized chemical products include ammonia, hydrogen, cyanide, and hydrogen cyanide.

Methods and systems for synthesis using an underwater electric arc. Such methods and systems form an electrical arc between an anode and a cathode positioned under water or within an aqueous mist and introduce an added material into the vicinity of the electrical arc. The formation of the electrical arc in the vicinity of the added material facilitates synthesis of chemical products from the added material. Such synthesized chemical products include ammonia, hydrogen, cyanide, and hydrogen cyanide.

The invention provides a method for synthesizing ethyl 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyrate by a pure hydrocyanic acid method, which is characterized in that ethyl 4-chloro-3-hydroxybutyrate and hydrocyanic acid are used as raw materials, a biological enzyme is used as a catalyst, the pH value of a reaction solution is controlled to be 6.5-7.5, and the ethyl 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyrate is synthesized; the hydrogen cyanide is used as a raw material, so that the cost of a sodium cyanide preparation process can be reduced, the consumption of sodium hydroxide can be reduced, and the treatment cost of pollutants (sodium salt) can be reduced. The method has the advantages of being high in reasonability, low in material loss and high in production efficiency. The ethyl 4-cyano-3-hydroxybutyrate prepared by the method has the yield of 80%, the content of more than or equal to 98.5% and the single impurity content of less than 0.5%.

The present invention relates to a method for removing nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and nitrous oxide from an exhaust gas stream obtained during nitration, the method comprising: (a) removing nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide from the exhaust gas stream by adding an oxygen-containing gas to the exhaust gas stream to oxidize the nitric oxide in the gas stream to form nitrogen dioxide, thereby obtaining a nitric oxide-deficient gas stream; (b) washing the nitric oxide-deficient gas stream with water to obtain a nitric oxide- and nitrogen dioxide-deficient gas stream; and (c) converting the nitrous oxide in the nitric oxide- and nitrogen dioxide-deficient gas stream into nitrogen and carbon dioxide, and optionally oxygen, in the presence of a nitrous oxide reduction catalyst and in the presence of hydrogen cyanide.

The invention provides a platinum-based catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of catalyst preparation. The preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps: dispersing an oxide carrier in water, dropwise adding an aqueous solution of a platinum precursor under a stirring condition, and drying to obtain a supported catalyst precursor; dispersing the supported catalyst precursor in a buffer solution, adding dopamine hydrochloride, and stirring to form a polydopamine coating layer; and adding a binder into the catalyst with the formed polydopamine coating layer, and drying and roasting to obtain the platinum-based catalyst. The prepared platinum-based catalyst can be applied to a reaction for synthesizing hydrocyanic acid from CH4 and N2O, efficient conversion can be achieved at the low reaction temperature ranging from 370 DEG C to 450 DEG C, and compared with the condition that the high temperature is 1000 DEG C or above needed by a traditional Andru method, a BMA method and other processes, reaction energy consumption is greatly reduced, and meanwhile effective utilization of N2O is achieved.

A process for the hydrocyanation of an organic compound containing at least one olefinic group comprising reacting the organic compound with hydrogen cyanide in the presence of a catalyst complex comprising at least one transition metal and an organic ligand containing at least one P—N linkage, wherein the P and N atoms of the P—N linkage are cach bonded to two other atoms.

The invention discloses a filter element, which belongs to the technical field of filter coatings, and comprises a container, at least one part of which comprises a cover layer made of breathable fabric, and at least one part of the cover layer made of breathable fabric, filling material of loose, separate, individually replaceable objects contained in the container; the coating is coated on the object and comprises graphene, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and diamminecopper acetate; the coating is non-toxic when being in contact with the skin, is soft to a wearer, captures smoke particles and neutralizes harmful gas which can harm the wearer; toxic gases such as hydrogen cyanide and the like are neutralized to the greatest extent; the beads are made of polyurethane foam lightweight non-absorbent material, the element can be stored at home or office for emergency use, or can be used by firefighters or in industrial applications, and the filter element can be used separately and can also be used in cooperation with fire emergency gloves and masks.

The application discloses a calcium-based composite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying high-porosity straw biomass charcoal particles; mixing the biomass charcoal particles with calcium peroxide, and making the powder calcium peroxide enter the pores of the biomass charcoal by vibration to obtain biomass charcoal loaded with calcium peroxide; mixing the biomass charcoal particles loaded with calcium peroxide and calcium hydroxide-containing minerals in a certain proportion to obtain the calcium-based composite material; the calcium-based composite material is added into dried sludge, the adding amount is 5-15 wt.% of the mass of the dry base of the sludge, and then a lignin binder is added, and the sludge is pressed into a shape; in the pyrolysis process, the adding amount can reach a sulfur fixation rate of more than 60%, most of the nitrogen is converted into ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide is greatly reduced, so that the sludge pyrolysis is realized in a manner of synergistic sulfur fixation and nitrogen control, and the emission of pollution gas is reduced.

The application discloses a synthesis method of 3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylamine. The method comprises the following steps: 1) taking 3-cyano-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylimine and hydrogen as raw materials, and performing imine hydrogenation reaction in a solvent in the presence of a first catalyst and a first cocatalyst to obtain 3-cyano-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylamine; 2) taking 3-cyano-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylamine and hydrogen as raw materials, and performing cyano hydrogenation reaction in an organic solvent in the presence of a second catalyst and a second cocatalyst to obtain a target product; the first catalyst contains one or both of nickel and cobalt; the first cocatalyst is a substance capable of reacting with hydrogen cyanide; the second catalyst contains iron; and the second cocatalyst is a Lewis acid catalyst. The synthesis method can obviously improve the yield and purity of the target product, the catalyst is more stable, the cost is lower, and the synthesis method is more environmentally friendly.

A process for producing acetonitrile, the process comprising dehydrating a feedstock stream comprising acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, allyl alcohol, and water (and optionally methanol) in a dehydration (first) column to yield a dehydrated acetonitrile stream comprising acetonitrile and acrylonitrile, less than 1 wt % allyl alcohol, and less than 50 wt % water, and optionally hydrogen cyanide; distilling the dehydrated acetonitrile stream in a lights (second) column to yield a distillate stream comprising lights, and a bottoms stream comprising acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, water, and optionally hydrogen cyanide and acrylonitrile; extracting the distillation bottoms stream in an extraction (third) column to yield a raffinate stream comprising acetonitrile and less than 200 ppm acrylonitrile and an extract stream comprising water and acrylonitrile; purifying the raffinate stream to yield a product acetonitrile stream.

Through an exhaust gas aftertreatment system (10) in the exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine (12) which is operated at least partially with an alcohol fuel, such as methanol or ethanol, an exhaust gas flow containing nitrogen oxides and an alcohol and / or formaldehyde can flow. The exhaust gas aftertreatment system (10) comprises a metering device (14) for metering ammonia into the exhaust gas flow, a first SCR catalyst (16) and a second SCR catalyst (18), wherein the first SCR catalyst (16) is arranged in the exhaust tract downstream of the metering device (14) and is designed to generate a treated exhaust gas flow from the exhaust gas flow of the internal combustion engine (12), which treated exhaust gas flow contains the nitrogen oxides and at least one nitrogen-containing hydrocarbon compound, such as hydrogen cyanide, due to e.g. zeolite acting as a catalyst. The second SCR catalyst (18) is arranged in the exhaust tract downstream of the first SCR catalyst (16) and is designed to degrade the nitrogen oxides contained in the generated treated exhaust gas flow while consuming the nitrogen-containing carbon water compound contained in the generated treated exhaust gas flow. The invention further relates to a method for exhaust gas aftertreatment and to the use of an exhaust gas aftertreatment system (10).

Multifunctional sewage pipeline hollow exhaust sealing air bag, in the hollow metal pipe outer diameter surface, set up air bag pipe clamp head, with TPU inner membrane bag (8) sealing package, in the air bag pipe clamp head, set up TPU gasket (10), air hole joint (12), air hole nut (13) and TPU outer membrane bag (14), with two TPU gasket (10) up and down brush glue welding TPU inner membrane bag (8) and TPU outer membrane bag (14), make hollow pipe air bag, in the hollow metal pipe two end head, set up air bag pipe clamp head and metal pipe sealing cover, make underground pipeline blockage and repair air bag, and set up metal pipe vent cover, in the two metal pipe vent cover (19) of hollow metal pipe (1) two end head, set up vent cover pipe orifice (20), insert blow and suction air hard pipe, with the hanger hook to fix the blow and suction air hose on the metal pipe vent cover hanger ring, carry out high efficiency ventilation to the underground pipeline of hollow metal pipe two end head, let the underground sewage pipeline worker breathe not toxic gas, effectively avoid the sulfureted hydrogen cyanide poisoning event of sanitation cleaner worker in the inspection well operation.

The utility model relates to an oxidized tail gas treatment system in carbon fiber production and a carbon fiber production system, the tail gas treatment system comprises: an ammonia gas absorption tower, the upper part of which is provided with an acid liquor feed port and a tail gas outlet, and the lower part of which is provided with a tail gas inlet and a liquid phase outlet; the upper portion of each hydrogen cyanide absorption tower is provided with a liquid alkali inlet and a gas outlet, the lower portion of each hydrogen cyanide absorption tower is provided with a gas inlet and a liquid outlet, and the gas inlet of the first-stage hydrogen cyanide absorption tower is communicated with the tail gas outlet. The gas inlet of the adjacent next-stage hydrogen cyanide absorption tower is communicated with the gas outlet of the adjacent previous-stage hydrogen cyanide absorption tower; and the phase splitting mechanism is communicated with the liquid phase outlet and is provided with an oil phase outlet and a water phase outlet. According to the utility model, the ammonia gas in the tail gas reacts with the dilute sulphuric acid introduced into the ammonia gas absorption tower to remove the ammonia gas, and the sodium hydroxide solution introduced into the hydrogen cyanide absorption tower reacts with the hydrogen cyanide in the tail gas to generate sodium cyanide and remove the hydrogen cyanide.

The utility model relates to a carbonization tail gas treatment system in carbon fiber production and a carbon fiber production system.The carbonization tail gas treatment system in the carbon fiber production comprises a heat exchanger, a tail gas inlet and a gas outlet are formed in the upper portion of the heat exchanger, and a gas inlet and a material outlet are formed in the lower portion of the heat exchanger; the gas-liquid separation mechanism is provided with a feeding port and a gas outlet, the feeding port is communicated with the material outlet, and the gas-liquid separation mechanism is located below the heat exchanger; a waste gas outlet and a solvent inlet are formed in the upper part of the tar removal device, a tail gas inlet and a liquid outlet are formed in the lower part of the tar removal device, and the tail gas inlet is communicated with the gas outlet. In the utility model, the tail gas exchanges heat with gases such as nitrogen in the heat exchanger, so that the temperature of the tail gas is reduced, tar is condensed after being cooled, is removed from the tail gas, and enters the gas-liquid separation mechanism under the action of gravity for gas-liquid separation; and the separated tail gas enters a tar removal device, and the introduced solvent can dissolve and absorb tar and hydrogen cyanide which are relatively high in viscosity at low temperature, so that the tar and the hydrogen cyanide are removed from the tail gas.

A direct-fired incineration system for maleic anhydride plant tail gas, relating to the field of environmentally friendly chemical waste treatment, includes a three-stage incinerator, an ultra-high pressure waste heat boiler, a tail gas preheater, and a chimney. The three-stage incinerator comprises a high-temperature combustion section, a high-temperature oxidation section, and an ultra-clean oxidation section connected sequentially. The outlet of the ultra-clean oxidation section, the flue gas passage of the ultra-high pressure waste heat boiler, the tail gas preheater, and the chimney are connected sequentially. A main burner and an auxiliary burner are located at the top of the high-temperature combustion section. Preheated tail gas flows out of the tail gas outlet of the tail gas preheater and is divided into a first tail gas path, a second tail gas path, and a third tail gas path. The first tail gas path is connected to the high-temperature combustion section, the second tail gas path is connected to the high-temperature oxidation section, and the third tail gas path is connected to the ultra-clean oxidation section. This system enables tail gas incineration treatment of maleic anhydride plants using the n-butane process and hydrogen cyanide plants. The incineration system is highly efficient and energy-saving, eliminating the need for SNCR or SCR denitrification devices and ensuring low nitrogen emissions from the flue gas.

The invention relates to an efficient recovery and preparation system and process for acrylonitrile byproduct acetonitrile, and belongs to the technical field of acetonitrile recovery. Comprising an HCN removal unit, an extractive distillation dehydration unit, a solvent recovery unit and a finished product refining unit, and a pre-separation unit is additionally arranged on the upstream of a feeding pipeline of the HCN removal unit. The pre-separation unit is preferably a cyclone flash tank and is used for pre-separating the preheated crude acetonitrile raw material liquid to obtain a gas-phase material rich in hydrogen cyanide and a liquid-phase material with reduced hydrogen cyanide content. Wherein the liquid-phase material is sent to the HCN removal tower, and the gas-phase material is directly merged into a tower top steam system of the HCN removal tower. The cyclone flash tank is internally provided with a rotary inner cylinder which is driven by fluid and provided with spiral blades, a conical reverse pushing assembly and a water removal assembly, and efficient gas-liquid cyclone separation is achieved. The invention solves the technical problems of high energy consumption of an HCN removal unit, limited system treatment capacity and poor stability in the existing acetonitrile refining process.

The present application relates to a kind of acrylonitrile by-product acetonitrile high-efficiency recovery preparation system and process, belong to acetonitrile recovery technical field.The system includes HCN removal unit, extraction rectification dehydration unit, solvent recovery unit and finished product refining unit, in the feed line upstream of HCN removal unit, additional pre-separation unit.The pre-separation unit is preferably cyclone flash tank, for pre-separation after preheating coarse acetonitrile raw material liquid, obtain gas phase material rich in hydrogen cyanide and liquid phase material with reduced hydrogen cyanide content.The liquid phase material is sent to HCN removal tower, and the gas phase material is directly incorporated into the overhead vapor system of HCN removal tower.The cyclone flash tank is provided with a rotating inner cylinder driven by fluid, with helical blade, and a conical reverse pushing component and water removal component, to realize efficient gas-liquid cyclone separation.The present application solves the technical problems of high energy consumption, limited system processing capacity and poor stability of HCN removal unit in existing acetonitrile refining process.

The invention provides a composite roll core cigarette filter tip and a preparation method thereof, the filter tip is of an integral structure formed by winding and thermally bonding a flexible aerogel sheet and an electrostatic spinning film deposited on the surface, the flexible aerogel sheet has high porosity and is loaded with a ZIF-8 at AC porous adsorption material, and the composite roll core cigarette filter tip can be used as a cigarette filter tip. The electrostatic spinning membrane is used for efficiently adsorbing tar, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and small-molecular harmful substances in smoke, the electrostatic spinning membrane has a large specific surface area loaded CeO2-MnO2 catalyst and can catalytically degrade carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, aldehyde ketone compounds and free radicals, the contact path of the smoke and a functional material is prolonged through the adsorption-catalysis synergistic effect and the winding type multi-stage pore channel design, and the adsorption efficiency of the functional material is improved. The comprehensive filtering efficiency of harmful substances is improved, and meanwhile, good mechanical strength and proper suction resistance are kept.

This invention belongs to the field of catalytic ammonia oxidation technology, and specifically relates to a Ru / AMn2O4 catalyst for the gas-solid phase synthesis of methacrylonitrile, its preparation method, and its application. The catalyst preparation includes the preparation of an AMn2O4 spinel support, AMn2O4 spinel support pretreatment, and Ru / AMn2O4 catalyst preparation. The catalyst of this invention, prepared by the above method, possesses advantages such as high activity at low temperature, high stability, high conversion rate of methacrolein, high yield of methacrylonitrile, and low yield of the byproduct hydrogen cyanide. It is particularly suitable for use as a catalyst in the gas-solid phase ammonia oxidation of methacrolein to methacrylonitrile.

The present invention relates to the technical field of detection devices, and more specifically to a device for rapid detection and capture and extraction of simulated inhaled gas from cigarettes. The device comprises a smoke inlet pipe, a detection pipe, a smoke detection mechanism, a smoke capture mechanism, a smoke extraction mechanism, and a detection box. The smoke inlet pipe is disposed within the detection box, the detection pipe is connected to the pipe wall of the smoke inlet pipe within the detection box, the smoke detection mechanism and the smoke capture mechanism are mounted within the detection pipe, and the smoke detection mechanism comprises a carbon monoxide electrochemical sensor, a nitrogen oxide electrochemical sensor, an ammonia compound electrochemical sensor, a hydrogen cyanide electrochemical sensor, an ethylene oxide electrochemical sensor, and a propylene oxide electrochemical sensor, which are sequentially mounted within the detection pipe. The device rapidly detects cigarette smoke using reusable sensors, easily replaceable filters, and an extraction solution, thereby addressing the problems of low detection efficiency, waste of human resources, cumbersome procedures, and high costs associated with existing technologies.

The invention discloses transition metal modified tobacco harm-reducing particles as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The harm-reducing particles are prepared from the following components in parts by weight through granulation and drying: 8-10 parts of tobacco raw material powder, 3-15 parts of an adsorbent, 2-20 parts of cellulose, 0.5-5 parts of a humectant, 0.1-1.5 parts of an adhesive, 3-20 parts of a wetting agent and 0.9-44 parts of a transition metal modifier. The preparation process of the harm-reducing particles comprises the steps that tobacco raw materials are subjected to heat treatment and superfine grinding to obtain tobacco raw material powder, the tobacco raw material powder and raw materials except the transition metal modifier are mixed and granulated to obtain semi-finished particles, finally, the transition metal modifier is evenly sprayed to the surfaces of the semi-finished particles, and drying is conducted to obtain the harm-reducing particles. The harm-reducing particle filter stick prepared from the harm-reducing particles provided by the invention greatly reduces harmful substances in smoke while ensuring the flavor of the smoke, and through detection, the harm-reducing particle filter stick has a more excellent harm-reducing effect compared with a cellulose acetate tow filter stick in the prior art, and especially for hydrocyanic acid, the harm-reducing effect can be reduced by 72%.

A method (100) of processing plastics pyrolysis oil (1) is proposed, comprising steamcracking (10) the plastics pyrolysis oil (1) to obtain a cracking gas (2), wherein at least some of the cracking gas (2) is subjected successively to oil fractionation (20), a water wash (30), and a compression (50) via one or more intermediate stages, and further comprising eliminating hydrogen cyanide in laden wash water (4) from the water wash (30) and / or the cracking gas (2) at the intermediate stage or one of the plurality of intermediate stages of the compression (50). A corresponding plant is likewise proposed.

This invention discloses a synergistic catalyst, its preparation method, and its application, belonging to the field of polymer materials technology. The synergistic catalyst of this invention constructs a core-shell structure and introduces specific catalytic elements, while simultaneously controlling the size and density of the product. When this product is applied to the production of acrylonitrile and hydrogen cyanide, it is not only fully compatible with existing fluidized bed process systems, but also has low operation difficulty and simple process, and the acrylonitrile and hydrogen cyanide produced have high yields, and the output ratio can be controlled according to actual needs.

Carbon fibers (CF) uniquely combine high strength, stiffness, and low density. This combination of properties makes them indispensable for lightweight construction, a key technology on the path to the desired energy transition with greater climate neutrality and resource efficiency. CFs are used particularly in the mobility sector, for example in aerospace and automotive, where their use enables significant weight savings and thus reduces fuel consumption. Furthermore, CFs are also used in other end applications, including wind turbine rotors, hydrogen pressure tanks, sporting goods, and medical devices. Almost all CFs used in these applications are produced from polyacrylonitrile copolymer (PAN)-based precursor fibers, which together account for a market share of 96 to 98%.However, CFs based on PAN precursors (ex-PAN CF) are petroleum-based, cost- and CO2-intensive to produce, and generate large quantities of toxic substances such as hydrogen cyanide during the conversion process. 7 20 wt.%). Therefore, bio-based alternatives based on natural resources such as cellulose or CF produced from it (ex-cellulose CF) are experiencing a renaissance, as they do not have the disadvantages listed for PAN, and in comparison, potentially enable a reduction in CO2 emissions as well as production costs.

The utility model discloses an alkaline leaching recovery system for solid waste produced by an electrolytic aluminum factory. The alkaline leaching recovery system comprises a leaching tank, a first filter, a first carbon dioxide reaction kettle, a second filter, a first concentrator, a high-temperature hydrolysis tank, a cooler, an extraction tank, a first slurrying tank, a calcium leaching tank, a third filter and a calcium chloride purification tank. The method has the advantages that (1) alkaline calcium and waste cryolite are mixed for alkaline leaching, cyanide in the solution is removed through high-temperature hydrolysis, no hydrogen cyanide or hydrogen fluoride gas is generated, and the safety is improved; (2) cheap alkaline calcium such as carbide slag, calcium hydroxide or calcium oxide is used as an auxiliary material for alkaline leaching recovery of the solid waste produced by the electrolytic aluminum factory, so that the use of acid is reduced, and the recovery cost is greatly reduced; and (3) by utilizing the system, effective components such as sodium, aluminum, lithium and fluorine in the waste cryolite can be recycled, and the separated calcium fluoride component is high in content and can be sold as fluorite powder, so that the solid waste stacking stock is greatly reduced, and the economic benefit is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological medicine, and relates to application of alpha-mangostin or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparation of a pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing system inhibitor. The invention discloses alpha-mangostin which can be used as a PQS quorum sensing system inhibitor of pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain can inhibit the expression of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa pqsA operon, reduce the generation of pyocyanine, inhibit the formation of a biological membrane and reduce the athletic ability of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and also can reduce the expression of hydrogen cyanide, elastase, lectin and rhamnolipid synthetic genes, thereby weakening the toxicity and pathogenicity of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In-depth study finds that the action target of the alpha-mangostin is the transcription activator protein PqsR of a PQS quorum sensing system. The research proves that the natural active ingredient alpha-mangostin can obviously reduce the pathogenicity of the pseudomonas aeruginosa to crop and human lung cancer cells A549, and more thoughts are provided for prevention and control of pseudomonas aeruginosa diseases.