53 results about "Air sparging" patented technology

In a process for converting lingnocellulosic biomass to ethanol, the improvement of obtaining higher fermentable soluble sugar yields by drying acid impregnated biomass particles, comprising: a) feeding moist lignocellulosic biomass into an acid impregnator to render it acid-soaked and draining the acid-soaked biomass to about 30% to 35% by weight solids; b) dewatering the acid-soaked biomass by drying or centrifugation to prevent compaction of the biomass and arrive at about 40% to 60% by weight solids; c) subjecting the acid-impregnated biomass to a first-stage hydrolysis reactor at a temperature of from 130° C. to 220° C. and discharging formed hydrolysate into a flash tank at about 120° C. to 140° C. to hydrolyze most of the remaining soluble oligosaccharides to monomeric sugars, and flashing remaining hydrolysate to a second flash tank at a lower temperature than the first flash tank-the second flash tank serving as a feed surge tank for a counter-current extractor; d) washing the hydrolysate, adjusting the pH of the sugar extract to about 5, and recovering more than 95% of the soluble sugars in the first-stage hydrolysate slurry by a counter-current extractor; e) subjecting remaining washed-first stage solids of pretreated biomass to a second-stage acid and metal salt impregnator and dewatering by drying or centrifugation to prevent compaction of biomass to arrive at 40% to 60% by weight solids; f) subjecting the acid and metal salt-impregnated biomass to a second-stage hydrolysis reactor at a temperature from 190° C. to 240° C. and discharging formed hydrolysate into a flash tank, at about 120° C. to 140° C. to hydrolyze most of the remaining soluble oligosaccharides to monomeric sugars and flashing remaining hydrolysate to a second flash tank at a lower temperature than the first flash tank, the second flash tank serving as a feed surge tank for second-stage fementors; g) cooling pH-adjusted extract from the counter-current extractor, feeding the extract to a first-stage fermentor and air sparging the first-stage fermentor at a rate sufficient to promote enough yeast growth to compensate for loss through second-stage fermentors; h) pH adjusting second-stage hydrolysate slurry to 4.5, cooling the slurry and adding it into the top of the first fermentor of a two-fermentor train in the second stage fermentors, pumping broth from the bottom of the first stage fermentors to the second stage fermentors while the yeast is in the growth phase for a period sufficient to consume over 95% of fermentable sugars; and i) recovering ethanol.

An apparatus and a method for isolating a biologic product, such as plasmid DNA, from cells. The method involves lysing cells in a controlled manner separate insoluble components from a fluid lysate containing cellular components of interest, followed by membrane chromatographic techniques to purify the cellular components of interest. The process utilizes a unique lysis apparatus, ion exchange and, optionally, hydrophobic interaction chromatography membranes in cartridge form, and ultrafiltration. The process can be applied to any biologic product extracted from a cellular source. The process uses a lysis apparatus, including a high shear, low residence-time mixer for advantageously mixing a cell suspension with a lysis solution, a hold time that denatures impurities, and an air-sparging bubble mixer that gently yet thoroughly mixes lysed cells with a neutralization / precipitation buffer and floats compacted precipitated cellular material.

The invention provides an in-situ repair system and an in-situ repair method for deep layer stirring-hot air injection of polluted soil. According to the in-situ repair system, the lower end of a hot air spray pipe is communicated with a drill body core pipe in a drill; the upper end of the hot air spray pipe is communicated with an air outlet of a hot air compressor; and a mixed air-liquid pipeline is connected between a coverage cover and an air-liquid separator. According to the method, the drill is drilled in a target soil layer up and down in a reciprocating mode according to designed elevation, wherein the diameter of a stirring drill hole is 1.5 to 2.5 meters, the depth of the stirring drill hole is 9 to 12 meters, the injection pressure of hot air is 1 to 2 MPa, and the temperature of the hot air is 90 to 110 DEG C. According to the technology of the in-situ repair system and the in-situ repair method, the application range of strata can be expanded to low-middle permeable strata, and the range of the types of applicable pollutants is also increased, for example, the technology is still valid to semivolatile organic matters such as anilines. By the in-situ repair system and the in-situ repair method, the problem of 'smearing' of a soil vapor extraction (SVE) technology in the later period of repair can be solved, so that the repair efficiency is improved greatly, and the repair period is shortened greatly.

A vaccine for in ovo vaccination against avian coccidiosis produced by a method including obtaining the coccidial oocysts from a fecal suspension, homogenizing the fecal suspension, separating the oocysts from the fecal debris by either salt flotation using sodium sulfate or gas flotation using air, sporulating the oocysts using hydrogen peroxide and air sparging, bleaching the sporulated oocysts, washing the bleached oocysts, concentrating the sterile washed oocysts and combining the concentrates of various species of coccidial oocysts, and producing a vaccine. The method in whole or in part can be applied to other kinds of encysted protozoa to produce vaccines for various types of animals.

The invention discloses an imaging method for repairing two-dimensional model test through air sparging. The imaging method comprises the following steps: (1) squarely distributing testing electrodes on a front panel of a two-dimensional model test tank at equal intervals, wherein the resistivity test is based on a Wenner four-electrode method by adopting a business high-density electrical method instrument; (2) filling polluted saturated soil according to research need, and then determining the initial resistivity values of all points in a space; (3) after air sparging repair tests start, measuring the resistivity at every 5-10 minutes until the resistivity of a soil body is stable after the sparging stops; (4) drawing a soil body resistivity contour map or cloud chart on the basis of linear interpolation, thus being capable of realizing the visualization imaging of the air sparging repair process. The quantitative evaluation on the vapor phase movement rule and repair effect of the sparging process can be realized by establishing the relation between the soil body vapor saturation as well as pollutant concentration and the resistivity. According to the method, the visualized image of the sparging repair process can be obtained without the sampling analysis in the test process.

The invention discloses methods and apparatus(es) for the removal and control of pollutants such as gases and suspended particulates in the air of an enclosed space or an outdoor environment by passing the air through absorbent media. The absorbent media includes any liquid, solid or combination of liquid and solid media that is capable of absorbing a material in which it comes in contact. In one aspect of the invention, formaldehyde is removed by air sparging through a liquid such as water, optionally containing additional scavenging agents.

A supplemental fluid adjustable depth air sparging system which is used to remediate contaminants from groundwater within the soil. An adjustable depth air injection point injects compressed air mixed with a chemical oxidizer or nutrient into saturated or groundwater regions of the soil's subsurface to remove contaminants including chlorinated solvents from the soil's subsurface.

The invention provides an in-situ repair system and an in-situ repair method for deep layer stirring-hot air injection of polluted soil. According to the in-situ repair system, the lower end of a hot air spray pipe is communicated with a drill body core pipe in a drill; the upper end of the hot air spray pipe is communicated with an air outlet of a hot air compressor; and a mixed air-liquid pipeline is connected between a coverage cover and an air-liquid separator. According to the method, the drill is drilled in a target soil layer up and down in a reciprocating mode according to designed elevation, wherein the diameter of a stirring drill hole is 1.5 to 2.5 meters, the depth of the stirring drill hole is 9 to 12 meters, the injection pressure of hot air is 1 to 2 MPa, and the temperature of the hot air is 90 to 110 DEG C. According to the technology of the in-situ repair system and the in-situ repair method, the application range of strata can be expanded to low-middle permeable strata, and the range of the types of applicable pollutants is also increased, for example, the technology is still valid to semivolatile organic matters such as anilines. By the in-situ repair system and the in-situ repair method, the problem of 'smearing' of a soil vapor extraction (SVE) technology in the later period of repair can be solved, so that the repair efficiency is improved greatly, and the repair period is shortened greatly.

The invention discloses a method for treating ammonia nitrogen in acid wastewater containing heavy metals, and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, after carrying out grinding and high-temperature plasticizing processing on zeolite and blast furnace steel slags, performing a hydrothermal reaction with water, carrying out sedimentation, filtration, drying and grinding on a reaction product, feeding the obtained product into the wastewater, and removing the heavy metals; 2, adding a cationic polymer into the wastewater to form a flocculation organism, removing toxic cyanide by an air jet cyclone floating device and a skimmer, and separating the flocculation organism; 3, leading the wastewater into a nitrification region to carry out nitrification; 4, after carrying out deoxidation on the wastewater, enabling the wastewater to enter an anaerobic denitrification to carry out denitrification; 5, filtering the wastewater by a submerged membrane to obtain filtered and purified water. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the heavy metals, the organism, the toxic cyanide and the ammonia nitrogen all can be effectively removed, and a sewage purification speed and biological purification intensity are improved; moreover, the method disclosed by the invention is low in construction investment, low in operation cost and suitable to popularize and apply.

The invention relates to a novel fiber filter, fiber beams are arranged in a pool body, the side wall of the pool body is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a back wash water discharge outlet, the space at the bottom part of the pool body is provided with a water collection tank of the discharged water, the side surface of the water collection tank of the discharged water is communicated with the water outlet; an upper plate surface of the water collection tank of the discharged water is connected with at least one vertical filter unit, the center of each filter unit is a hollow support body, filtration pores are distributed on the side wall of each hollow support body, the lower port of each hollow support body is communicated with the water collection tank of the discharged water, the outer surface of each hollow support body is covered with fiber beams which are vertically and tightly arranged, the lower ends of the fiber beams are connected with a wire hanging rod, the upper ends of the fiber beams and the upper ends of the hollow support bodies are connected with a wire hanging support body via a wire hanging ring and a rope, the wire hanging support body is connected with a drive device by driving via a lifting transmission shaft; the root part of each filter unit is provided with an air distributing chamber, a back wash air sparging disc is arranged on the air distributing chamber, and the air distributing chamber is communicated with a back wash air inlet pipe. The filter has small area coverage, high filtration efficiency and thorough back wash.

Provided is a spray gun for wet-type sand blasting. A first slurry chamber (61) and a second slurry chamber (62) are disposed in a gun main body (11). An air injection component (12) is provided with a first air chamber (95), a second air chamber (96), a first ventilation portion (161), a second ventilation portion (162), a first air bursting portion (171), and a second air bursting portion (172). A nozzle component (14) is provided with a first spraying circulating portion (191) and a second spraying circulating portion (192) whose flow paths sections are in slot shape, and slurry projection ports (230,231). An inlet side opening (191a) of the first spraying circulating portion (191) has an opening towards the first slurry chamber (61). The first air bursting portion (171) of the air injection component (12) is opposite to the inlet side opening (191a) of the nozzle component (14). An inlet side opening (192a) of the second spraying circulating portion (192) has an opening towards the second slurry chamber (62). The second air bursting portion (172) is opposite to the inlet side opening (192a).

A system and method for monitoring or controlling an aerobic landfill bioreactor having a plurality of zones each including at least one well head. The system comprises: a gas extraction blower, a plurality of temperature sensors disposed in the well heads, an ex-situ relative humidity detector, an ex-situ gas constituent detector, an air injection system, a liquid injection system, and a controller. Landfill gas is extracted by the blower and it's temperature, relative humidity, and gas constituents are measured. The system further comprises a system of headers, isolation valves, and flow control valves which serve to isolate zones for measurement and / or air and liquid injection as well as control the flow of either the landfill gas extraction or liquid and air injection. The method involves measuring: temperature, relative humidity, and gas constituents of the extracted landfill gas. Advantageously, the ex-site placement of the sensors and detectors ensure that measurements are representative of the aerobic bioreactor operating parameters. The air and liquid injection systems are adjusted, based on the measured temperature, relative humidity, and gas constituents to optimize the operation of the aerobic landfill bioreactor.

A supplemental fluid adjustable depth air sparging system which is used to remediate contaminates from groundwater within the soil. An adjustable depth air injection point injects compressed air, and an adjustable depth chemical injection point injects a chemical oxidizer or nutrient into saturated or groundwater regions of the soil's subsurface to remove contaminants including chlorinated solvents from the soil's subsurface.

The invention relates to a device (1) for producing a stream of air (F′), wherein said device comprises an enclosure (10), which is intended for containing a volume of liquid (V), and which comprises at least one air-discharge opening (101), air-injection means (12) which make it possible to create and pass an incoming stream of air (F) from the outside of the enclosure into a volume of liquid (V) contained in the enclosure, by injecting said incoming stream of air (F) into said volume of liquid (V) underneath the surface of said volume of liquid (V), such that an outgoing stream of air (F′), treated by direct contact with the volume of liquid, is discharged from said enclosure by passing through the air-discharge opening (101) of the enclosure. The enclosure comprises one or more baffles (14; 14′; 14″) which are positioned between the volume of liquid (V) and said discharge opening (101), and which make it possible to circulate the stream of air (F′) exiting the volume of liquid until the discharge opening (101), causing same to undergo one or more changes of direction such as to prevent the spraying of liquid through the air-discharge opening (101).

One aspect of the invention is a new foam with particles suspended therein. Another aspect of the invention is a foaming component for use in association with a foam dispenser. The foaming component includes an air sparging element, a mixing chamber, and an air chamber. The mixing chamber is on one side of the air sparging element and it defines a portion of the mixing chamber. The air chamber ison the other side of the air sparging element and it defines a portion of the air chamber. The air chamber has an air inlet. The mixing chamber has a liquid inlet and an outlet, and the outlet is down stream of the inlet. The foaming component also forms part of a new foam dispenser. The foaming component and the foam dispenser are for use in the production of foam with a plurality of particles suspended therein.