95 results about "Surface oxygen" patented technology

The application discloses a preparation method and application of PTFE catalytic filter material, and the preparation of the PTFE catalytic filter material comprises MnCeTi catalyst preparation, PTFE catalytic fiber preparation, heteropoly acid functionalization and needling. The three-dimensional flower-shaped spherical structure of the prepared PTFE catalytic filter material is used to optimize the mass transfer and conversion channel of pollutants, the intermetallic interaction of Mn, Ce and Ti is used to regulate the surface acid sites and active sites of the catalyst, the surface oxygen vacancies, acid sites and other characteristics are further optimized through the heteropoly acid functionalization, and the low-temperature catalytic dioxin performance of the PTFE catalytic filter material is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the heteropoly acid can form polyoxometalate on the surface of the catalyst, the adhesion strength of the catalyst and the filter material is strengthened, the loss problem of the catalyst in the use process is effectively relieved, and the prepared PTFE catalytic filter material has high efficiency and long-term use performance.

The invention provides a silicon-based negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to the field of negative electrode materials, the negative electrode material comprises an inner core and a coating layer coating the surface of the inner core, the inner core is composed of a porous carbon matrix and silicon nano-particles deposited in pore channels of the porous carbon matrix, the coating layer is a short-range ordered high-texture carbon layer, and the coating layer is a silicon nano-particle coating layer. The thickness of the high-texture carbon layer is 0.5-30 nm, the length-diameter ratio of the carbon lines is 1-10, and the interlayer spacing is 0.33-0.37 nm. According to the technical scheme, through the synergistic effect of the surface oxygen passivation layer and the high-texture carbon coating layer formed at a high temperature, silicon volume expansion is effectively inhibited, side reactions are reduced, and meanwhile the electrode conductivity and cycling stability are remarkably improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material and a preparation method thereof. According to the invention, the technical problems of poor cycle performance and low specific capacity of the existing nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material are solved. The preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing precursor powder by adopting a coprecipitation process; then carrying out high-shear mixing on the precursor, lithium hydroxide, nano niobium oxide and magnesium fluoride; after the mixed material is subjected to pre-oxidation and high-temperature oxygen-enriched gradient sintering, a gradient reduction etching process is adopted in the cooling stage, and strong wind quenching is matched for surface shaping; and finally, carrying out air jet pulverization and demagnetization to obtain the nickel cobalt lithium manganate positive electrode material. According to the method, lattice respiration stress is effectively dissipated by constructing a radial ordered structure, a bulk phase structure is stabilized through multi-element synergistic doping, interfacial ion transport kinetics is optimized through reduction-induced surface oxygen vacancies and a lattice distortion layer, and the synergistic strategy ensures high stability of the material structure and meanwhile, the material structure has a good application prospect. And the de-intercalation efficiency of the active lithium is greatly improved.

The invention discloses high-purity nickel powder prepared from plant polyphenol through field flow control, a system and a method, a sulfonated tannic acid-gallic acid bio-based system is used as a reduction-stabilizer, and green and efficient preparation of nickel nano powder is realized through a multi-physical field synergistic effect of a three-stage gradient continuous flow reactor and double-frequency ultrasonic-pulse microwave-nitrogen bubbling. The total residence time of the reaction is 25.1-37.7 min, mother liquor is reused after being subjected to salt separation treatment (nanofiltration desalination of a NiSO4 system and ion exchange Cl removal of a NiCl2 system), and the wastewater discharge amount is greatly reduced compared with that of a traditional process; the surface oxygen content of the product is smaller than or equal to 0.9 wt%, the PDI is smaller than or equal to 0.15, the tap density is larger than or equal to 4.0 g / cm < 3 >, the GB / T 33828-2017 standard is met, the method can be used for the high-end field of lithium ion batteries and the like, and green industrial production of the nanometer nickel powder is achieved from the source.

An electrode which includes nanoparticles of a carbon-doped tin oxide of formula C—SnO2-x where x=is from 0.001 to 0.1, having surface oxygen vacancies. The electrode includes a fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. A film of the nanoparticles is present on at least one surface of the fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. The surface oxygen vacancies correspond to an O 1s peak shift of 0.5-2 eV in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for C—SnO2-x compared to C—SnO2 without surface oxygen vacancies.

The invention discloses a sodium ion battery hard carbon negative electrode material and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of carbon material synthesis and electrochemistry. The hard carbon negative electrode material is prepared by carrying out pre-oxidation treatment, inert atmosphere pyrolysis, constant-speed cooling and crushing treatment on an animal hair generating substance material. According to the invention, the corresponding relationship among the interlayer spacing, the micropore number and the surface oxygen-containing groups of the animal hair generating substance fiber under the preoxidation-inert atmosphere temperature-changing pyrolysis, the sodium storage capacity and the cycling stability is determined; the rabbit hair-based hard carbon negative electrode prepared under the optimal condition realizes the sodium storage specific capacity of 265.30 mAh g <-1 > and the capacity retention ratio of 88.55% after 300 cycles under the current density of 50mA g <-1 >. The low-cost large-scale preparation scheme of the hard carbon negative electrode material, which can be industrially popularized, provided by the invention provides technical reference for industrial development of the sodium-ion battery.

The application provides a lithium supplement additive and a preparation method and application thereof. The lithium supplement additive comprises a lithium-rich material, and the lithium-rich material is a lithium-rich oxide. The particle structure of the lithium-rich material comprises a central region and a surface layer region arranged in sequence from inside to outside. The surface layer region contains first oxygen vacancies, and the concentration of the first oxygen vacancies gradually decreases from the side close to the central region to the side far from the central region. The lithium supplement additive provided by the application comprises a lithium-rich material, and the lithium-rich material comprises a central region and a surface layer region. In the surface layer region, the concentration of oxygen vacancies gradually decreases from inside to outside. The arrangement can effectively reduce the diffusion of surface oxygen vacancies to the inside and the structural instability and continuous oxygen and gas production caused thereby, and can also reduce the occurrence of electrolyte side reactions, thereby reducing gas production.

This invention discloses a low-vacuum laser welding device for medium-thick aluminum alloy plates, belonging to the field of metal welding technology, aiming to solve the problems of prominent porosity defects and insufficient mechanical properties in the welding of medium-thick aluminum alloy plates. The device consists of a laser cleaning and oscillating welding integrated module, a low-vacuum welding chamber module, a control system, and a detection module. The laser cleaning module uses a pulsed fiber laser to remove the oxide layer at an optimal energy density of 13.24 J / cm² under nitrogen protection, reducing the surface oxygen content to 9.66%. The low-vacuum welding chamber module constructs a negative pressure environment of 10²-10³ Pa to suppress plasma plumes. The oscillating laser welding module optimizes the stirring of the molten pool by achieving circular oscillation with a frequency of 80 Hz and an amplitude of 1 mm. The control system coordinates and regulates the parameters of each module, and the detection module monitors the weld quality in real time. This device reduces the weld porosity to below 0.032% and the tensile strength to 388.62 MPa (83.16% of the base material), making it suitable for welding medium-thick aluminum alloy plates for aerospace applications.

The invention belongs to the technical field of selective catalytic reduction, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a CeO2-CuNi0. 5Mn1. 5O4 composite catalyst and application of the CeO2-CuNi0. 5Mn1. 5O4 composite catalyst in stable CO-SCR denitration in an aerobic environment. The CeO2-CuNi < 0.5 > Mn < 1.5 > O < 4 > composite catalyst synthesized by a solution-gel method can be applied to the field of CO-SCR (selective catalytic reduction). Compared with an existing catalyst, the CeO2-CuNi0. 5Mn1. 5O4 composite catalyst has the advantages that the number of surface active sites is large, richer surface oxygen vacancies are provided, a CeO2 fluorite structure serves as a rigid framework to inhibit spinel phase grain aggregation, spinel phase compact crystal lattices lock metal ions, XRD crystal phases are not obviously changed before and after the reaction, the structural stability is remarkable, and the catalyst is suitable for industrial production. And the catalyst still has excellent CO-SCR performance in an aerobic environment.

The invention belongs to the technical field of organic solid waste recycling and high-value conversion, and particularly discloses a double-phase rare earth metal-based high-entropy oxygen carrier for waste plastic gasification and a preparation method and application of the double-phase rare earth metal-based high-entropy oxygen carrier. The oxygen carrier has a general formula of FeaNibCocMgdMeOy, a, b, c, d and e respectively account for 5%-35% of atoms, a + b + c + d + e = 100%, M is rare earth metal Ce or La, and y ranges from 0 to 4 but is not 0. The content of surface oxygen vacancies of the oxygen carrier is increased by a biphase structure formed after introduction of the rare earth metal, lattice oxygen migration is facilitated to participate in gasification reaction, lattice distortion of the high-entropy oxygen carrier occurs, metal-oxygen bonds become weak, oxygen release capacity is further promoted, catalytic cracking capacity on waste plastics is improved, and the catalytic cracking efficiency of the high-entropy oxygen carrier is improved. The yield of the synthesis gas and the cycling stability of the oxygen carrier are improved. The oxygen carrier disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation method, can be widely applied to the field of waste plastic gasification, and has relatively high use value.

This invention discloses the application of a carbon-modified noble metal catalyst in the low-temperature combustion of propane or mixed alkanes. The carbon-modified noble metal catalyst is prepared by adding sodium hydroxide solution dropwise to a cerium salt solution, mixing, and reacting to obtain a cerium dioxide support. The cerium dioxide support is then impregnated in an equal volume of noble metal salt solution, dried, and calcined. The calcined product and glucose are added to deionized water, mixed, and subjected to a hydrothermal reaction, followed by drying and calcination to obtain the final product. In this invention, carbon species exist in the form of doping or interstitial filling, inducing lattice distortion and a high concentration of surface oxygen vacancies in the support, significantly improving the mobility of lattice oxygen and the reactivity. Simultaneously, the interfacial carbon species optimize the microelectronic environment of the active center through strong electron interactions, maintaining the low valence state of Ru and the metallic states of Pt and Pd. This catalyst effectively avoids the shielding effect of the carbon layer and exhibits excellent catalytic combustion activity and stability for propane and mixed alkanes at low temperatures.

The invention provides the double-electric-layer capacitor electrolyte with high energy density and cost advantages, the additive of the electrolyte contains small cations to increase the degree of freedom of salt ions and reduce the viscosity, and the anion part contains hydrophobic groups and oxyphilic groups of oxyphilic functional groups on the surface of activated carbon to reduce the contact between water molecules and an electrode interface, so that the service life of the double-electric-layer capacitor is prolonged, and the service life of the double-electric-layer capacitor is prolonged. And furthermore, the gas production rate of the electrolyte is reduced, the high-rate performance is adapted, the capacity exertion is increased, and the characteristic of low cost is compatible. The capacity retention rate of an EDLC battery cell containing the preferable additive is increased to 78.2% (19.3%) from 58.9% of a blank sample after 1000 circles of 125A large-current circulation (the current of a conventional application scene of the capacity battery cell is 25A), the capacitance retention rate is increased to 78.2% (19.3%) from 58.9% of the blank sample after 1500h of high-temperature floating charge at the voltage of 65DEG C and 2.9 V, and the internal resistance growth rate is increased to 78.2% (19.3%) from 58.9% of the blank sample. According to the present invention, the preferable additive can significantly improve the capacity, such that the injection amount of the cell electrolyte can be reduced so as to reduce the production cost on the premise of maintaining the capacity unchanged, the safety is high, the process change is small, the electrochemical performance is significantly improved, and the commercialization requirement can be well met.

The invention relates to a method for recovering nitrogen and phosphorus in biogas slurry based on high-purity cellulose carbon, and belongs to the technical field of biogas slurry purification and nitrogen and phosphorus recovery. In order to solve the problem of insufficient adsorption capacity of the existing activated carbon for recovering the nitrogen and the phosphorus in the biogas slurry, the invention provides a method for recovering the nitrogen and the phosphorus in the biogas slurry based on high-purity cellulose charcoal, which comprises the following steps: preparing the high-purity cellulose charcoal, modifying the high-purity cellulose charcoal and recovering the nitrogen and the phosphorus in the biogas slurry. According to the method, high-purity cellulose of the corn straw is reserved through pretreatment, a synergistic modification scheme of sulfuric acid-oxalic acid combined acid pre-etching activation and magnesium sulfate loading is adopted, biochar pore blockages are effectively removed, surface oxygen-containing functional groups are enriched, and magnesium loading uniformity and immobilization strength are improved; the capability of adsorbing and recycling ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the biogas slurry is obviously enhanced. According to the invention, resource utilization of agricultural wastes is realized; the modified biochar can be used as a slow-release fertilizer or a soil conditioner after adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus, so that nutrient circulation is completed, and the biochar has both environment-friendly and economic values.

The application discloses a kind of sodium ion battery hard carbon negative electrode material and preparation method thereof, belong to carbon material synthesis and electrochemistry technical field.The hard carbon negative electrode material is the material of animal hair biological substance after being prepared by pre-oxidation treatment, inert atmosphere pyrolysis, uniform speed cooling and crushing treatment.The application determines the corresponding relationship between the interlayer spacing, micropore quantity and surface oxygen-containing group of animal hair biological substance fiber under pre-oxidation-inert atmosphere temperature pyrolysis, sodium storage capacity and cycle stability, and the hard carbon negative electrode based on rabbit hair prepared by optimal condition realizes 265.30mAh g ‑1 The sodium storage specific capacity of 50mA g ‑1 Current density is 300 cycles after 88.55% capacity retention rate.The low-cost large-scale preparation scheme of hard carbon negative electrode material proposed by the application can be industrialized and popularized, which provides technical reference for the industrialization development of sodium ion battery.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a defect interface in a metal oxide by using a photo-thermal coordination strategy and a product thereof. The method comprises the following steps: realizing energy collaborative supply of catalyst synthesis and defect construction by utilizing a photo-thermal collaborative strategy of focusing solar radiation through a Fresnel lens. The precursor is quickly converted into a metal oxide at high temperature of focused solar radiation, electron transition of the metal oxide is excited by ultraviolet light, metal-oxygen bonding is selectively weakened through electron-hole interaction, and surface oxygen desorption is driven to form a defect enrichment layer; meanwhile, a local high-temperature field (400-450 DEG C) triggers lattice reconstruction kinetics and induces metastable oxide to be converted into a thermodynamic stable phase. According to the invention, a plurality of metal oxides (including Co3O4, CuO, NiO, MnO and NiCoMnO) are successfully converted into a multi-phase / single-phase structure rich in defects.

An electrode which includes nanoparticles of a carbon-doped tin oxide of formula C—SnO2-x where x=is from 0.001 to 0.1, having surface oxygen vacancies. The electrode includes a fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. A film of the nanoparticles is present on at least one surface of the fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate. The surface oxygen vacancies correspond to an O 1s peak shift of 0.5-2 eV in the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for C—SnO2-x compared to C—SnO2 without surface oxygen vacancies.

The invention relates to the technical field of capacitor carbon materials, in particular to a supercapacitor carbon material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a carbonized material with an activating agent, and performing primary activation in an inert atmosphere to obtain a primary activated product; (2) adding an oxygen-containing compound into the primary activated product obtained in the step (1) for secondary activation to obtain a secondary activated product; and (3) carrying out rapid Joule heat treatment on the secondary activated product obtained in the step (2) to obtain the supercapacitor carbon material. According to the method, the carbonized material is used as a raw material and is activated twice by the activating agent and the oxygen-containing compound and then subjected to rapid Joule heat treatment, compared with a traditional capacitor carbon surface oxygen-containing functional group regulation and control method, consumed time is short, unstable oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of capacitor carbon are effectively reduced, meanwhile, the oxygen-containing functional groups with electrochemical activity are reserved, and the electrochemical performance of the capacitor carbon is improved. Under the condition of keeping good specific capacitance, the rate capability and the cycling stability of the symmetric supercapacitor are enhanced, and the leakage current is effectively reduced.

The invention provides an oxygen electrode for inhibiting Sr segregation of a solid oxide battery and a preparation method of the oxygen electrode, and belongs to the technical field of solid oxide batteries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly preparing LSCF powder, then carrying out dipping treatment by adopting Ca (NO3) 2.4 H2O dipping liquid to obtain CaO-coated LSCF powder, then mixing the CaO-coated LSCF powder and GDC according to a mass ratio of (5-6): (4-5), carrying out ball milling for 20-24 hours to obtain mixed powder, then adding the mixed powder, an ethyl cellulose binder and carbon powder into a mortar, and grinding for 2-3 hours to obtain the electrode slurry. According to the method, LSCF is prepared through a wet chemical method and a sol-gel method, then CaO is used for dipping the LSCF, the process is adjusted, the sintering temperature is controlled, and the LSCF powder material is coated with CaO nanoparticles. The oxygen vacancy concentration and oxygen evolution (OER) dynamic performance are improved through CaO nano-particle impregnation, the binding energy of oxygen species on the surface of the LSCF is improved, migration of the oxygen vacancies is inhibited, the high oxygen vacancy concentration gradient caused by migration of the oxygen vacancies under electrochemical polarization is reduced, and segregation of the Sr element in the LSCF is effectively inhibited.

The application discloses a preparation method and application of a two-stage heat-treated rice hull biochar adsorbent, relates to the field of environmental functional materials and water pollution control technology, and comprises the following steps: preparing a biochar matrix by pyrolyzing rice hull under a nitrogen atmosphere, contacting the biochar matrix with a metal salt aqueous solution to realize metal ion loading, and finally preparing the adsorbent through a two-stage heat treatment process of "oxygen-containing atmosphere heating-inert atmosphere constant temperature". The specific surface area of the prepared adsorbent is significantly improved, the surface oxygen-containing functional groups are rich, the carbon skeleton structure is stable, and the adsorbent has excellent adsorption performance on organic pollutants such as neonicotinoid insecticides and phenolic compounds in water. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, controllable conditions, low cost, environmental friendliness, easy scale production, wide application in industrial and agricultural wastewater treatment, drinking water deep purification and emergency water pollution treatment and the like, and important practical value and industrialization potential.

An oxygen-enriched vacancy MoO 3‑x @MoS2 heterojunction catalyst and preparation method thereof and application thereof in removing sulfadiazine in water body The heterojunction catalyst takes molybdenum oxide (MoO 3‑x ) as a base material, and MoS2 is in-situ grown on MoO 3‑x , and the mass fraction of MoS2 in the heterojunction catalyst is 10-25%. The catalytic material adopted in the application promotes the transfer of charges through the formation of a heterojunction and surface oxygen vacancies, thereby realizing excellent sulfadiazine removal performance. The oxygen-enriched vacancy MoO 3‑x @MoS2 heterojunction catalyst photocatalytic activation of peroxymonosulfate for removing sulfadiazine in water body has the advantages of simple operation, low cost, wide pH application range, strong anti-interference ability, stable catalytic performance, high sulfadiazine removal efficiency, etc., and has a good application prospect for sulfadiazine wastewater treatment.

The application belongs to the technical field of metal oxide catalysts, and provides a ZnO / Co3O4 composite oxide catalyst, a preparation method and application thereof, and comprises the following steps: mixing zinc nitrate, cobalt nitrate and 2-methyl imidazole by ball milling, then putting the mixture into a crucible, performing high-temperature calcination after temperature rising, and then grinding the obtained product; wherein the mass ratio of the zinc nitrate, the cobalt nitrate and the 2-methyl imidazole is 1.6-2.4:3.12-2.32:2.6. The ZnO / Co3O4 composite oxide catalyst containing a large number of asymmetric oxygen vacancies is prepared, wherein the introduction of Zn increases the asymmetry of the oxygen defects on the surface of the material, the type of the oxygen defects on the surface of the material is changed from Co-Ov-Co to Co-Ov-Zn, the local electronic environment is changed, the activation efficiency of persulfate is improved, and thus the ZnO / Co3O4 composite oxide catalyst can be applied to removal of bisphenol A.

This invention provides a gas-phase method and apparatus for preparing high-purity nano-tin dioxide powder, comprising the following steps: a tin source is vaporized using mid-frequency plasma to form tin vapor; the tin vapor is reacted with oxygen in an oxidation growth zone, while simultaneously injecting gadolinium oxide nanoaggregate aerosol; and the reaction is carried out through the surface oxygen vacancies and Gd2+ of the gadolinium oxide nanoaggregates. 3+ The coordination adsorption of tin-oxygen species at specific sites induces heterogeneous nucleation, generating nano-sized tin dioxide particles. These nano-sized tin dioxide particles are then subjected to in-situ surface functionalization treatment at 20-60°C with ultraviolet light at wavelengths of 185 nm and 254 nm, followed by the introduction of ozone at a concentration of 10-100 ppm for a residence time of 60-120 s. The surface-functionalized nano-sized tin dioxide particles are collected using an electrostatic-assisted method and dried to obtain high-purity nano-tin dioxide powder. This invention refines grain size, optimizes particle dispersibility, and achieves efficient particle collection. The resulting powder possesses both ultra-fine particle size and high purity, meeting the application requirements of cutting-edge new materials.

The invention discloses an MXene-SnO2 composite material, a preparation method and application. The composite material comprises a semiconductor substrate material and a tin-containing compound, the material of the semiconductor substrate is MXene; the MXene is at least one of Ti2C3 and TiMoC2, and the MXene is at least one of Ti2C3 and TiMoC2; the selenide is SnO2 (stannic oxide). According to the invention, MXene is taken as a substrate, in-situ construction of the oxide nanosheet on MXene is realized by adopting a one-pot method, the nanosheet has a loose structure and relatively large porosity, and a rapid dynamic process in an NH3 sensing process can be realized. Besides, by regulating and controlling the oxygen vacancies on the surface of SnO2, the construction of more Lewis acid sites can be realized, so that the affinity of the material to NH3 molecules is enhanced, and efficient sensing detection is realized.

The invention provides a rare earth metal doped cerium dioxide nanorod catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing cerium salt, rare earth metal salt and water to obtain a metal precursor solution; dropwise adding the metal precursor solution into a precipitant solution for hydrothermal reaction to obtain a catalyst precursor; and calcining the catalyst precursor to obtain the rare earth metal doped cerium dioxide nanorod catalyst. The rare earth metal doped cerium dioxide nanorod catalyst prepared by the invention is of a uniformly distributed nanorod structure and has numerous surface oxygen vacancies and acid-base active sites, the doped rare earth metal substitutes Ce atoms in cerium dioxide crystal lattices, the interaction between the rare earth metal and CeO2 breaks the structural symmetry, and the catalytic activity of the catalyst is improved. Therefore, the surface acid-base property is further changed, the oxygen vacancy content is increased, and the catalyst shows good catalytic performance in esterification reaction of methanol and CO2 under mild conditions.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a reducing gas treatment layered positive electrode material, and belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: placing a layered positive electrode material in a reducing atmosphere, and carrying out high-temperature heat treatment to form the layered positive electrode material coated with surface oxygen vacancy defects and low-valence metal oxide. The preparation viscosity of the positive electrode material slurry can be reduced, the specific capacity of the layered positive electrode material is improved, the side reaction between the material and the electrolyte is reduced, the process is simple, and the operability is high.

The present application relates to a kind of gel type chlorine dioxide slow-release agent and its preparation method, to solve the defects of chlorine dioxide gas instability, short storage time of disinfectant product in prior art, the gel system of the present application includes: chlorite aqueous solution, gelling agent, graphene oxide, PH regulator and activator, the present application uses graphene oxide as chlorine dioxide gas regulator, utilizes the better adsorption performance of graphene oxide and its surface oxygen-containing functional group, synergistic effect with gelling agent, so that the reaction of chlorine dioxide gas is like a super micro chemical processing plant, establishes a "constantly evaporating, constantly replenishing" chlorine dioxide balance system, continuously releases chlorine dioxide gas, kills a variety of bacteria and viruses in air, purifies air, no secondary pollution, and low price.

The invention relates to the technical field of photocatalysis of water treatment, and discloses a BiOCl / CeO2 heterojunction photocatalyst with a double-electric-field coupling effect as well as a preparation method and application of the BiOCl / CeO2 heterojunction photocatalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, synthesizing a BiOCl nanosheet with an exposed (001) crystal face through a hydrothermal method; then loading CeO2 nanoparticles on BiOCl by adopting a chemical deposition method to form a heterojunction; and introducing surface oxygen vacancies through illumination treatment to obtain the catalyst. By regulating and controlling the exposed crystal face of BiOCl, a bulk phase self-generated electric field (SIEF) of BiOCl is mutually coupled with a heterojunction interface electric field (IIEF), the SIEF drives bulk phase photo-generated electrons to directionally migrate to an interface, and the IIEF promotes interface charge separation, so that bulk phase and interface compounding of photo-generated carriers is synergistically inhibited; the catalyst shows excellent photocatalytic degradation performance on perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in water, the defluorination rate can reach 30.59%, the activity is kept above 90% after the catalyst is recycled for 4 times, and an efficient and stable solution is provided for deep removal of persistent organic pollutants.

The application provides a silicon-oxygen material with controllable surface oxygen components, a preparation method thereof and application thereof in lithium ion batteries, and belongs to the technical field of materials. The silicon-oxygen material is obtained by molten salt etching of a silicon alloy phase material. The preparation method is as follows: a molten salt system with a specific composition is kept at a suitable temperature for heat preservation etching together with the silicon alloy phase material, and after washing, separation and drying, a two-dimensional silicon-oxygen material with an accurately controllable surface oxygen component content can be obtained. By adjusting the composition (cations and their ratio) of the molten salt system, the surface chemical activity of the silicon-based material in the etching process can be effectively adjusted, and then the process of introducing oxygen to the surface and the accurate control of the final oxygen component content can be realized. Through this method, the structure-activity relationship between the surface oxygen component of the silicon-oxygen material and the electrochemical performance thereof can be systematically explored and established. The method has the advantages of strong universality, simple process, low temperature and low energy consumption, the prepared material has a sheet structure, and is suitable for negative electrode materials of high-performance lithium ion batteries.

The invention discloses a synchronous in-situ optical detection system for oxygen atom concentration and microdefects on the surface of a thermal protection material, and relates to the technical field of optical detection and material characterization. The laser interference measurement module is based on the Fizeau interference principle and inverts the surface morphology of a sample through interference fringes, the TALIF detection module excites oxygen atoms on the surface of the sample through ultraviolet laser, the relative concentration of the oxygen atoms is obtained by combining pre-calibration with quantitative inversion, and the vacuum and environment control module adopts a vacuum window to store the sample to simulate the real environment. The sample scanning and synchronous control module carries sample scanning and time sequence synchronous control, and the upper computer reconstructs and displays a morphology graph and an oxygen atom concentration distribution graph. The laser interference measurement module and the TALIF detection module synchronously detect microdefects on the surface of a material in situ and quantify the relative concentration of oxygen atoms, and provide key experimental data for research of a thermal protection material by combining comprehensive characterization under a vacuum environment and a displacement scanning simulation service condition.

Described herein is a one-pot method for selective N2O and NO synthesis. A catalytic metal surface facilitates the oxidation of plasma-activated nitrogen species to produce nitrogen oxides (NO and N2O). The metal surface oxygen adsorption strength is critical in directing product selectivity to different nitrogen oxide (NxOy) products. Temperature regimes are important in directing product selectivity using Pt catalyst.