96results about How to "Robust and stable" patented technology

A reflective element assembly for a variable reflectance vehicular mirror includes a front substrate having a transparent conductive coating disposed on a second surface, and a rear substrate having a third surface conductive coating disposed on its third surface and preferably, a fourth surface conductive coating disposed on its fourth surface. At least a portion of the third surface conductive coating may wrap around an edge portion of the rear substrate and at least a portion of the fourth surface conductive coating may wrap around at least a second portion of the perimeter edge so as to establish electrical continuity between the fourth surface conductive coating on the fourth surface and the third surface conductive coating on the third surface. The rear substrate may have a smaller dimension than the front substrate so as to provide an overhang region, preferably at the wraparound region.

A method is disclosed for detecting topical changes and topic identification in texts in real time using likelihood ratio based methods. In accordance with the method, topic identification is achieved by evaluating text probabilities under each topic, and then selecting a new topic when one of those probabilities becomes significantly larger than the others. The method is usable to improve real time machine translation.

Presented are new resilient sheet-like surgical meshes that may be compressed for minimally invasive delivery in the intervertebral discs. According to one or more embodiments, the surgical mesh can be robust, fatigue resistant, stable and capable of withstanding the dynamic environment generic to intervertebral discs.

A process for sintering green powder metal, metal alloy or metal composition parts employing microwave energy is described.

A connector assembly for connecting a surgical saw blade to a housing of a surgical instrument. The connector assembly allows a surgeon to align, insert and lock the surgical blade in the collet of the surgical instrument without any special tools, and further provides a stable and robust platform for mounting the surgical saw blade thereto. The connector assembly includes a tapered conical shaped sleeve which is positioned within the housing and rotatable in both a clockwise and counter-clock wise direction. A pair of grippers are mounted within the connector assembly and engage the surgical saw blade when the tapered conical shaped gripper sleeve is rotated in a first position. A sternum guard is also mounted to the housing.

An implant system for reinforcing an intervertebral disc and opposing endplate is provided wherein a flexible blocking member for blocking a defect is coupled to a first endplate anchor. An opposing endplate reinforcement member is coupled to a second endplate anchor and implanted in the opposing endplate.

The invention relates to a control method of a combustion system of a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which adopts multivariable expert intelligent self-calibration PID control and is provided with an on-line calculation module for the static characteristics of the circulating fluidized bed boiler. The on-line calculation module for the static characteristics of the circulating fluidized bed boiler calculates the coal supply quantity, the limestone quantity and the deslagging quantity for realizing the optimizing combustion of the boiler under different loads, the primary air quantity and the secondary air quantity are optimized and proportioned and are used as load feedforward signals which are applied to a main steam pressure control loop, a limestone quantity control loop, a bed pressure drop control loop, a bed temperature control loop and an oxygen quantity control loop, and each control loop adopts an expert intelligent self-calibration PID controller to form a multivariable combustion control system of a CFB boiler. The invention is provided with the calculation module for the static characteristics of the circulating fluidized bed boiler, which can accurately send out each regulation quantity instruction at real time and realize automatic control; the multivariable expert system is in consideration of the nonlinearity and the strong-coupling property of the combustion system of the boiler and ensures the performance robustness of the control system; and meanwhile, the PID parameters are automatically regulated according to the change of the characteristics of a controlled object, so the automatic combustion control system of the circulating fluidized bed boiler has stable robustness.

The invention discloses a dynamic dispatching method on the base of pheromone in semi-conductive product line, which comprises the following steps: first, storing pheromone variation of each WIP which relates to the WIP delivery date, holding time of waiting processing equipment, pure processing time and production periodic multiplication factor; second, storing pheromone variation which relates to equipment load; then, integrating the WIP pheromone variation and relating equipment pheromone variation, generating a selective variation of each WIP; finally, elaborating them on the equipment according to the method which consists of short-term and long-term function index to improve multi-function index production or making system.

The invention relates to a vessel and kit for thermal cycling applications, a method for manufacturing such a vessel. The vessel comprises, in the form of a planar grid having a predefined pitch, a plurality of sample wells each having a well wall, which defines an open well end and a closed well end. According to the invention there are provided a plurality of ribs between pairs of adjacent wells, the ribs being connected to the walls of the wells and extending essentially in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the well grid. The invention enables manufacturing of dense microtiter plates, which are stable enough to be used in high temperature applications and allow for more efficient manufacturing of the plate.

A waveguide magneto-optic sensor provides a signal indicative of the value and / or direction of a detected magnetic field by a spectral shift of the characteristic resonant spectral feature of the sensor is disclosed. The sensor does not suffer from vibrations, fiber bending or other light intensity noise and provides an absolute self-referencing signal. The sensor elements can easily be coupled to optical fibers and read with scanning spectrometers or scanning lasers calibrated against NIST-traceable gas absorption standards.

The invention provides a method of forming a membrane between a first volume of polar medium and a second volume of polar medium, which method comprises: (a) providing a first volume comprising polar medium and a second volume comprising polar medium which are separated from one another by an apolar medium, wherein at least one of said first and second volumes comprises a layer comprising amphipathic molecules, at the interface between the polar medium and the apolar medium, wherein each of the amphipathic molecules comprises a first outer hydrophilic group, a hydrophobic core group, and a second outer hydrophilic group, wherein each of the first and second outer hydrophilic groups is linked to the hydrophobic core group; and (b) causing the first and second volumes to come into contact with one another to form a membrane comprising said amphipathic molecules between the first and second volumes. The invention also provides a system comprising a membrane between a first volume of a polar medium; and a second volume of a polar medium, which membrane comprises the amphipathic molecules, and wherein the first volume of polar medium is within an apolar medium.

An ear bud earphone for use with a feedback noise cancellation system has a speaker and a microphone positioned anteriorly of the speaker. A cushion is provided exteriorly of a housing of the earphone. The cushion has a first region having a first acoustic transmission property, and a second region having a second acoustic transmission property comprising a greater impedance to transmission of audible sound than the first acoustic property. In one embodiment the first region is provided for contact with an inner ear surface, and the second region is provided between the first region and the housing. The cushion can be provided as a separate article.

The invention provides an object shape detecting and tracing method, the steps of the method comprise receiving a to-be-detected image, setting a detection area in the to-be-detected image, generating a plurality of sample points in the detection area, extending the sample points along a preset direction, obtaining marginal points at the extending direction through calculating, constructing candidate margins of a to-be-detected shape, performing vote operation to characteristic points of the to-be-detected shape based on the constructed candidate margins, counting vote operation results to confirm whether a vote peak value exists or not, if the vote peak value exists, then confirming the characteristic points corresponding to the to-be-detected shape exist.

An onboard robust and stable vision-inertial navigation system that makes an unmanned vehicle autonomous in its navigation capabilities in the absence of external navigation aids like a global positioning system (GPS). The system is robust to the sensor noise properties of the onboard vision and inertial sensors, as well as errors in initial estimates of the position and orientation of the vehicle. The system enables any unmanned vehicle to autonomously navigate an unfamiliar or unknown environment. The system is also stable and robust to uncertainties in the measurement noise and dynamics of the unmanned vehicle, and does not exhibit any instability when sensors are changed or when sensor noise properties change over time.

An automatic F2 laser gas control, for a modular high repetition rate ultraviolet gas discharge laser. The laser gas control includes techniques, monitors, and processor for monitoring the F2 consumption rates through the operating life of the laser system. These consumption rates are used by a processor programmed with an algorithm to determine F2 injections needed to maintain laser beam quality within a delivery range. Preferred embodiments include F2 controls for a two-chamber MOPA laser system.

The three-dimensional periodic structure of the present invention comprises a matrix made of an inorganic oxides in which core-shell particles are disposed so as to contact with each other, the core-shell particles each comprising a core portion made of a fine particle and a shell portion made of a crosslinked hydrophilic organic polymer backbones, wherein the hydrophilic organic polymer backbones and the inorganic oxides hybridize into an organic / inorganic a composite.

An active noise cancellation earphone (1) has an acoustic path including a cavity (36) and a pipe (20) leading to the auditory canal (40) which are arranged to form an oscillator in use which has the effect of recovering the open loop system phase characteristics at a selected frequency or frequency range. The earphone (1) also has two parts (5,18) which can be adjusted relative to each other to allow the earphone (1) to be comfortably and correctly positioned in use.

The invention discloses an RBF-ARX (Radial Basis Function-Autoregressive exogenous) model based quick robust predictive control method. Firstly, a nonlinear state-dependent RBF-ARX model of a controlled system is established in an off-line manner by adopting a data driving technique; secondly, polyhedrons capable of covering nonlinear dynamitic characteristics of the controlled system are constructed by utilizing the established nonlinear RBF-ARX model; afterwards, by utilizing a min-max optimization principle and an invariant set based design method, in a condition that the steady state equilibrium point information of the system is unknown, an RBF-ARX model based robust predictive control method capable of realizing an optimal output tracking through the solution of a convex optimizationproblem is designed; finally, in order to solve the problem of a heavy calculation amount existing in the on-line solution of the convex optimization problem, an off-line calculation method and an on-line comprehensive technique are combined in the quick robust predictive control method; and the RBF-ARX model based quick robust predictive control method is designed.

An active noise cancellation earphone (1) has an acoustic path including a cavity (36) and a pipe (20) leading to the auditory canal (40) which are arranged to form an oscillator in use which has the effect of recovering the open loop system phase characteristics at a selected frequency or frequency range. The earphone (1) also has two parts (5,18) which can be adjusted relative to each other to allow the earphone (1) to be comfortably and correctly positioned in use.

An induction system for a supercharged internal V-type combustion engine includes a monolithic continuous unitary casting housing a supercharger with a rotor and gear assembly operative to discharge pressurized air to a common bounding receiving plenum, through a first slidably-removable intercooler providing a first cooling, and then to a pair of second side intercoolers providing a second cooling within the bounded plenum and in fluid communication therewith. First and second intercoolers are secured within the monolithic housing. The monolithic housing provides a robust and stable housing of light weight and allows an exterior air cooling as well. Side walls of the supercharger are separate from and are spaced from air intake runners of a cylinder block. Air in the plenum is additionally cooled by convective surface cooling while being guided in an appropriate direction. The intercoolers are plumbed in parallel allowing for enhanced temperature management of the air flow in combination with the convective cooling. The monolithic housing includes rib elements for sound attenuation and strength while minimizing weight. This arrangement allows for enhanced cooling, and simplifies manufacture and service.

The invention relates to an RSS (Received Signal Strength)-based two-dimensional wireless sensor network semi-definite programming positioning algorithm which comprises the following steps: supposing that no non-line-of-sight communication exists, completing measurement of a signal energy parameter by establishing an energy signal transmission model represented by the following formula; under a condition that energy signal measurement noise complies with Gaussian probability distribution, converting a wireless sensor network target node positioning problem into an MLE (Maximum Likelihood Estimation) mathematical optimization problem for solving; establishing an optimal target function; and converting the optimization problem into a constrained optimization problem by introducing a redundant variable, and then further converting the obtained constrained optimization problem into an SDP (Semi-Definite Programming) convex optimization problem for solving by applying an SDR (Semi-Definite Relaxation) method. The algorithm disclosed by the invention can improve the positioning precision of a target node.

The invention discloses a digital image watermark method based on a visual attention mechanism. The digital image watermark method comprises the following steps of: firstly partitioning an image remarkable area by a visual attention mechanism module, obtaining a high-frequency area relative to the remarkable area by wavelet transform, continuously carrying out watermark embedding on dithering quantification modulation of coefficients of the high-frequency area, and dynamically regulating quantified step length depending on a JND (just noticeable difference) visual module in a quantification modulation process. Through the digital image watermark method based on the visual attention mechanism, disclosed by the invention, the step length is dynamically quantified and the watermark is embedded by combining the characteristics of human vision; when the robustness of the watermark is stabilized, the imperceptibility of the watermark is greatly balanced; and simultaneously, the influence of an image background area subjected to operations, such as filtering, noise pollution and the like, in the correctness of a watermark extracting result is further reduced to a certain extent by the introduction of a vision attention mechanism module; and the robustness of watermark detection is further improved.

A shaft arrangement for transmitting torques from a hub of a wind power plant to a generator has connecting elements at both ends for a mechanical connection. The connecting elements are each overlapped by end regions of a connecting shaft tube, wherein the shaft tube consists of a fibre composite material having a plurality of bundles of fibre. In the region overlapped by the shaft tube, the connecting elements have a plurality of protruding retaining pins about which and between which the bundles of fibre are placed and extend.

The invention discloses a non-linear PID adaptive control method based on a tracking differentiator. The method comprises the following steps of setting up the tracking differentiator TD; establishing a non-linear PID (NLPID) control law; and setting up an adaptive learning algorithm of an NLPID weight coefficient. The non-linear PID adaptive control method based on the tracking differentiator has great stability and convergence. Furthermore, the method which can accurately track reference signals achieves no overstrike and no oscillation and has strong robustness stability. Furthermore, the method has the characteristics of simple controller structure, clear theory model, no dependence on a controlled object model and low computational complexity. Therefore, the method is especially suitably used for real-time control on unknown objects or objects which are hard to model.

A cutting insert has the geometry of a tetrahedron with triangle base areas wherein each triangle base area has a tetrahedral frustum as a clamping body for fixing the cutting insert in a tool seat of a carrier tool. Additionally, a tool seat for the cutting insert includes clamping jaws to secure the cutting insert.

The invention relates to the technical field of image processing, in particular to an image fusion algorithm based on textural features, which comprises the following steps: S1, judging whether an image acquired by a visible light sensor needs enhancement processing or not, performing enhancement processing if the light is dark, and otherwise, not performing enhancement processing; s2, acquiring abase layer of the image obtained in the step S1; s3, subtracting the base layer image from the original image to obtain a detail layer of a bright pixel, similarly, subtracting the original image from the base layer image to obtain a detail layer of a dark pixel, and if the image is an invisible light image, removing halo in the detail image by using halo edges to obtain a final detail image after halo removal; s4, fusing the base layers of the images acquired by the sensors in a weighted manner; and S5, performing weighted addition fusion on the base layer fusion image obtained in the step S4 and a bright pixel detail layer, and performing weighted subtraction fusion on the fused image and a dark detail layer to obtain a final fusion image. The algorithm provided by the invention can clearly reflect the position and scene details of the object.

The invention discloses a robust model prediction controller of an intelligent networked automobile considering communication time delay. The robust model prediction controller comprises the following steps: constructing a vehicle dynamic model, constructing a secondary optimization performance index according to comprehensive optimization of traffic smoothness, safety and fuel economy, and designing a state feedback control law to enable a closed-loop system to be asymptotically stable. In an intelligent network connection environment, vehicles can obtain information of positions, speeds, accelerations and the like of other vehicles and traffic signal information through V2V and V2I communication, and in order to solve the problem of multi-vehicle collaborative optimization of a motorcade passing through urban signal lamp intersections in the presence of communication time delay, a discrete time delay model of the motorcade on a single lane is firstly established; fuel economic performance, traffic smoothness and safety are used as optimization targets; the robust model prediction controller is solved by taking the fuel economy, the traffic fluency and the safety as optimization objectives and utilizing a linear matrix inequality technology and a min-max model prediction control method, so that the robust stability of the system and the optimization of the target performance are ensured.

A shaft arrangement for transmitting torques from a hub of a wind power plant to a generator has connecting elements at both ends for a mechanical connection. The connecting elements are each overlapped by end regions of a connecting shaft tube, wherein the shaft tube consists of a fibre composite material having a plurality of bundles of fibre. In the region overlapped by the shaft tube, the connecting elements have a plurality of protruding retaining pins about which and between which the bundles of fibre are placed and extend.