Helical blade type cutting and drilling drill bit

Abstract

The invention relates to a spiral blade type cutting drilling bit, and relates to the field of lunar soil sampling, the cutting drilling bit comprises a first spiral blade, a second spiral blade and a bit main body, one end of a circular truncated cone section of the bit main body is fixedly connected with one end of a cylindrical section, and a sampling through hole is formed in the bit main body; the multiple first spiral blades are fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction of the circular truncated cone section at intervals, the multiple second spiral blades are fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical section at intervals, and the first spiral blades and the second spiral blades are disconnected and form first interval areas. The cutting and drilling drill bit has the beneficial effects that the cutting and drilling drill bit is small in drilling resistance, has the effect of loosening lunar soil, facilitates heat dissipation of the drill bit, can drill to a preset depth, and avoids drill bit failure caused by geological and environmental reasons.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of lunar soil sampling, and in particular to a spiral blade cutting drilling bit. Background Art

[0002] The drilling environment on the moon is more extreme than that on the earth. Factors such as the harsh environment on the lunar surface and the carrying capacity of the spacecraft greatly limit the working efficiency and service life of the sampling equipment.

[0003] The moon has a low gravity environment, a large temperature difference between day and night, and a vacuum environment that limits the accumulation of heat generated during drilling and makes it difficult to dissipate. At the same time, lunar soil samples in different regions and at different depths have different geological conditions, which can easily affect drilling efficiency.

[0004] Existing lunar soil sampling drills include:

[0005] 1. MDA Space Agency Technology Company of the United States conducted research on extraterrestrial core drills and proposed a core drill structure. This core drill has four cutting edges with an angle of 90° directly set on the lip of the drill bit, which has a good crushing effect on hard rocks.

[0006] 2. HoneyBee of the United States has designed a compact PDC core drill for the Mars sampling mission. The lip of this drill bit has four tungsten-carbon alloy cutting edges covered with polycrystalline diamond coating, with an inclination angle of -10°. This drill bit can break large rocks into small pieces and then transport them out of the hole through the spiral on the drill pipe.

[0007] 3. Beijing Satellite Manufacturing Plant proposed a coring auger with inner and outer tubes for lunar surface drilling. During the drilling process, the inner and outer tubes remain relatively still, while the drill bit and drill rod rotate.

[0008] Problems that have occurred in all lunar soil collection and recovery missions to date include: the drill pipe cannot reach the predetermined depth, the drill bit fails due to geological reasons, and it is difficult to lift the drill after the drilling process is completed. Summary of the invention

[0009] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a drill bit suitable for lunar soil sampling.

[0010] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a spiral blade cutting drilling bit, the cutting drilling bit includes a first spiral blade, a second spiral blade and a drill bit body, the drill bit body includes a truncated cone section and a cylindrical section, one end of the truncated cone section is fixedly connected to one end of the cylindrical section, the drill bit body has a sampling through hole, there are multiple first spiral blades, and the multiple first spiral blades are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the truncated cone section, there are multiple second spiral blades, and the multiple second spiral blades are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cylindrical section, at least one of the first spiral blades is disconnected from the second spiral blade to form a first spacing area.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the truncated cone segment and the first spiral blade on its outer side are mainly used for lunar soil cutting and drilling, and the truncated cone structure can reduce drilling resistance. The cylindrical segment and the second spiral blade on its outer side guide the lunar soil during drilling, and the lunar soil and lunar rock can be promptly transmitted upward along the blade path in a spiral after being crushed, which reduces the possibility of the drilling system being blocked and alleviates the torque requirement of the drilling system. In addition, multiple first spiral blades and second spiral blades are provided to form a multi-layer cutting edge structure, which ensures that all cutting edges wear evenly and improves drilling efficiency. During drilling, the lunar soil sample enters the sampling through hole and enters the subsequent drill pipe for storage.

[0012] The first spiral blade is disconnected from the second spiral blade to form a first spacing area. The vacant first spacing area can reduce the lunar soil pressure there, making the compact lunar soil sparse, preventing the accumulation of lunar soil from causing the drill bit to be blocked, and is conducive to lifting the drill after the drilling process is completed. The cutting drilling drill bit of the present invention has low drilling resistance and has the effect of loosening the lunar soil, which is conducive to the heat dissipation of the drill bit, can drill to a predetermined depth, and avoid drill bit failure due to geological and environmental reasons.

[0013] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0014] Further, a middle or an end portion of at least one of the second spiral blades is disconnected to form a second spacing area.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the middle or end of the second spiral blade is disconnected to form a second spacing area to reduce the lunar soil pressure there, making the compact lunar soil become sparse, preventing the drill bit from being blocked due to lunar soil accumulation, and facilitating the lifting of the drill after the drilling process is completed.

[0016] Further, the helix angle of the first helical blade is smaller than the helix angle of the second helical blade.

[0017] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are: the first spiral blade has a small spiral angle, which can reduce drilling resistance. The second spiral blade has a slightly larger spiral angle, thereby increasing the bearing capacity during the lunar soil transportation process.

[0018] Furthermore, the end of the first spiral blade facing the other end of the truncated cone segment has a first spiral cutting edge.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that a first spiral cutting edge is provided at the end of the first spiral blade, which reduces the drilling resistance of the first spiral blade and improves the lunar soil drilling efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a tip cutting edge, which is annular and has an annular cutting edge, and the tip cutting edge is fixedly connected to the other end of the truncated cone segment.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that an annular tip cutting edge is provided at the end of the truncated cone segment, which can effectively improve the cutting ability of the drill bit and facilitate lunar soil sampling.

[0022] Furthermore, the inner and outer diameter-guarding materials of the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade are cemented carbide material or diamond; and the material of the tip cutting edge is cemented carbide material or diamond.

[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is: using cemented carbide material or diamond can reduce the wear of the cutting edge, improve drilling efficiency, reduce the possibility of drill bit failure due to temperature changes, and thus increase the service life of the drill bit.

[0024] Furthermore, the drill bit body also includes a connecting section, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the cylindrical section, the outer diameter of the connecting section is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical section, and the sampling through hole passes through the connecting section.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the connecting section is used to connect with the drill pipe, the diameter of the connecting section is reduced, and it can be effectively connected with the drill pipe, thereby reducing the lunar soil pressure.

[0026] Furthermore, it also includes a drill bit connecting thread, and the drill bit connecting thread is multiple, and the multiple drill bit connecting threads are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the connecting section.

[0027] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the drill bit body is connected to the drill pipe through the drill bit connecting thread, and the connection is convenient and quick.

[0028] Furthermore, the sampling through hole includes a first through hole and a second through hole which are connected in sequence, the diameter of the first through hole is smaller than the diameter of the second through hole, and the first through hole is arranged toward the other end of the truncated cone segment.

[0029] The beneficial effect of adopting the above-mentioned further scheme is that the sampling hole adopts a stepped inner hole design. When the drilling system completes the operation and is lifted, the collected columnar lunar soil is close to the diameter of the first through hole. The lunar soil is usually in an inclined or skewed state in the second through hole with a larger diameter and will not be coaxial with the first through hole, thereby effectively guiding and locking the lunar soil in the tube and reducing the possibility of the lunar soil falling off from the first through hole.

[0030] Furthermore, the drill bit body is made of a light alloy material or a carbon fiber composite material.

[0031] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the lightweight alloy material or carbon fiber composite material has the advantages of light weight and high strength, and can effectively reduce the load mass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of a spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit;

[0034] Figure 3 A three-dimensional diagram of a spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit without a tip cutting edge according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of a spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit with an outwardly expanded cutting edge at the tip of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit with inward-retracted tip cutting edge of the present invention.

[0037] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0038] 100. Cutting drilling bit; 101. Tip cutting edge; 102. First spiral blade; 103. Second spiral blade; 104. Drill bit connecting thread; 105. First spacing area; 106. Second spacing area; 107. Cone section; 108. Cylindrical section; 109. Connecting section; 110. First through hole; 111. Second through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The principles and features of the present invention are described below. The examples given are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0040] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, this embodiment provides a spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit, the cutting drilling drill bit 100 includes a first spiral blade 102, a second spiral blade 103 and a drill bit body, the drill bit body includes a truncated cone segment 107 and a cylindrical segment 108, one end of the truncated cone segment 107 is fixedly connected to one end of the cylindrical segment 108, the drill bit body has a sampling through hole, the first spiral blade 102 is multiple, and the multiple first spiral blades 102 are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the truncated cone segment 107, the second spiral blade 103 is multiple, and the multiple second spiral blades 103 are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cylindrical segment 108, at least one of the first spiral blades 102 is disconnected from the second spiral blade 103 to form a first spacing area 105.

[0041] The truncated cone section 107 and the first spiral blade 102 on its outer side are mainly used for lunar soil cutting and drilling. The truncated cone structure can reduce drilling resistance. The cylindrical section 108 and the second spiral blade 103 on its outer side guide the lunar soil during the drilling process. The lunar soil and lunar rock can be promptly transmitted upward along the blade path in a spiral after being crushed, which reduces the possibility of the drilling system being blocked and alleviates the torque requirement of the drilling system. In addition, multiple first spiral blades 102 and second spiral blades 103 are provided to form a multi-layer cutting edge structure to ensure that all cutting edges wear evenly and improve drilling efficiency. During the drilling process, the lunar soil sample enters the sampling through hole and enters the subsequent drill pipe for storage.

[0042] The first spiral blade 102 and the second spiral blade 103 are disconnected to form a first spacing area 105. The vacant first spacing area 105 can reduce the lunar soil pressure there, making the compact lunar soil sparse, preventing the accumulation of lunar soil from causing the drill bit to be blocked, and is conducive to lifting the drill after the drilling process is completed. The cutting drilling drill bit of the present invention has low drilling resistance and has the effect of loosening the lunar soil, which is conducive to the heat dissipation of the drill bit, and can drill to a predetermined depth, avoiding drill bit failure due to geological and environmental reasons.

[0043] Specifically, the truncated cone section 107 is in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of one end thereof is greater than the diameter of the other end thereof, and the diameter of one end of the truncated cone section 107 is equal to the diameter of the cylindrical section 108 .

[0044] Specifically, the number of the first spiral blades 102 and the number of the second spiral blades 103 are equal or unequal. All the first spiral blades 102 and the second spiral blades 103 are not connected, or some of the first spiral blades 102 and the second spiral blades 103 are disconnected.

[0045] Specifically, the first spiral blade 102 and the second spiral blade 103 are both blades with a rectangular cross section.

[0046] Based on any of the above solutions, the middle or end of at least one of the second spiral blades 103 is disconnected to form a second spacing area 106 .

[0047] The middle or end of the second spiral blade 103 is disconnected to form a second spacing area 106 to reduce the lunar soil pressure there, making the compact lunar soil sparse, preventing the drill bit from being blocked due to lunar soil accumulation, and facilitating the lifting of the drill after the drilling process is completed.

[0048] Based on any of the above solutions, the helical angle of the first helical blade 102 is smaller than the helical angle of the second helical blade 103 .

[0049] The first spiral blade 102 has a small spiral angle, which can reduce drilling resistance. The second spiral blade 103 has a slightly larger spiral angle, which can increase the bearing capacity during the lunar soil transportation process.

[0050] Specifically, the helix angle refers to the angle between the tangent of the helix of the blade and the axis of the drill body.

[0051] Based on any of the above solutions, the end of the first spiral blade 102 facing the other end of the truncated cone segment 107 has a first spiral cutting edge.

[0052] A first spiral cutting edge is provided at the end of the first spiral blade 102 to reduce the drilling resistance of the first spiral blade 102 and improve the lunar soil drilling efficiency.

[0053] The first spiral cutting edge refers to a wedge-shaped structure similar to a blade formed by gradually decreasing thickness at the end of the first spiral blade 102 .

[0054] On the basis of any of the above schemes, it further includes a tip cutting edge 101, which is annular and has an annular cutting edge, and the tip cutting edge 101 is fixedly connected to the other end of the truncated cone segment 107.

[0055] An annular tip cutting edge 101 is provided at the end of the truncated cone section 107, which can effectively improve the cutting ability of the drill bit and facilitate lunar soil sampling.

[0056] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, the other end of the truncated cone section 107 is a plane and is not provided with a tip cutting edge 101; or Figure 1 As shown, the tip cutting edge 101 is cylindrical; or Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , the tip cutting edge 101 expands outward, that is, the inner diameter of the tip cutting edge 101 gradually increases in a direction away from the truncated cone section 107; or as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the tip cutting edge 101 is retracted, that is, the inner diameter of the tip cutting edge 101 gradually decreases in the direction away from the frustum section 107 .

[0057] Based on any of the above solutions, the inner and outer diameter-guarding materials of the first spiral blade 102 and the second spiral blade 103 are cemented carbide material or diamond; the material of the tip cutting edge 101 is cemented carbide material or diamond.

[0058] The use of cemented carbide material or diamond can reduce the wear of the cutting edges (the first spiral blade 102, the second spiral blade 103 and the tip cutting edge 101), improve drilling efficiency, reduce the possibility of drill bit failure due to temperature changes, and thus increase the service life of the drill bit.

[0059] Specifically, the first spiral blade 102, the second spiral blade 103 and the tip cutting edge 101 are welded to the drill body to ensure a high-strength connection between the cutting edges and the diameter-protecting material, thereby improving the drilling efficiency of the drill during the drilling process.

[0060] The diameter-maintaining material is a material fixed to the surface of the first spiral blade 102 and the second spiral blade 103 , or is a part of the material of the first spiral blade 102 and the second spiral blade 103 .

[0061] Among them, the cemented carbide material is an alloy material containing the following components: tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide and cobalt.

[0062] Based on any of the above schemes, the drill bit body also includes a connecting section 109, one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the cylindrical section 108, the outer diameter of the connecting section 109 is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical section 108, and the sampling through hole passes through the connecting section 109.

[0063] The connecting section 109 is used to connect with the drill pipe. The connecting section 109 has a reduced diameter and can be effectively connected with the drill pipe to reduce the lunar soil pressure.

[0064] Specifically, the connecting section 109 and the cylindrical section 108 are transitioned through a rounded corner or a chamfered corner.

[0065] On the basis of any of the above solutions, it further includes a drill bit connecting thread 104 , wherein there are multiple drill bit connecting threads 104 , and the multiple drill bit connecting threads 104 are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the connecting section 109 .

[0066] The drill bit body is connected to the drill pipe via the drill bit connecting thread 104, and the connection is convenient and quick.

[0067] Specifically, the outer diameter of the drill bit connecting thread 104 is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical section 108 .

[0068] Based on any of the above schemes, the sampling through hole includes a first through hole 110 and a second through hole 111 which are connected in sequence, the diameter of the first through hole 110 is smaller than the diameter of the second through hole 111 , and the first through hole 110 is arranged toward the other end of the frustum segment 107 .

[0069] The sampling hole adopts a stepped inner hole design. When the drilling system completes the operation and is lifted, the collected columnar lunar soil is close to the diameter of the first through hole 110. The lunar soil is usually in an inclined or skewed state in the second through hole 111 with a larger diameter, and will not be coaxial with the first through hole 110, thereby effectively guiding and locking the lunar soil in the tube and reducing the possibility of the lunar soil falling off from the first through hole 110.

[0070] Based on any of the above solutions, the material of the drill bit body is a lightweight alloy material or a carbon fiber composite material.

[0071] Lightweight alloy materials or carbon fiber composite materials have the advantages of light weight and high strength, and can effectively reduce the load mass.

[0072] Among them, the lightweight alloy material is one or more combinations of the following materials: aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, aluminum-based silicon carbide, etc.

[0073] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0074] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0075] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0076] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0077] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit, characterized in that: The cutting drilling drill bit (100) comprises a first spiral blade (102), a second spiral blade (103) and a drill bit body, wherein the drill bit body comprises a truncated cone section (107) and a cylindrical section (108), one end of the truncated cone section (107) is fixedly connected to one end of the cylindrical section (108), and a sampling through hole is provided in the drill bit body. The first spiral blade (102) is multiple, and the multiple first spiral blades (102) are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the truncated cone section (107); the second spiral blade (103) is multiple, and the multiple second spiral blades (103) are fixedly arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cylindrical section (108), and at least one of the first spiral blades (102) and the second spiral blade (103) are disconnected to form a first spacing area (105).

2. A spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle or end of at least one of the second spiral blades (103) is disconnected to form a second spacing area (106).

3. A spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helical angle of the first helical blade (102) is smaller than the helical angle of the second helical blade (103).

4. A spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the first spiral blade (102) facing the other end of the truncated cone segment (107) has a first spiral cutting edge.

5. The spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also comprises a tip cutting edge (101), which is annular and has an annular cutting edge, and the tip cutting edge (101) is fixedly connected to the other end of the truncated cone segment (107).

6. A spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner and outer diameter-guarding materials of the first spiral blade (102) and the second spiral blade (103) are cemented carbide material or diamond; and the material of the tip cutting edge (101) is cemented carbide material or diamond.

7. The spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit body also includes a connecting section (109), one end of which is fixedly connected to the other end of the cylindrical section (108), the outer diameter of the connecting section (109) is smaller than the outer diameter of the cylindrical section (108), and the sampling through hole passes through the connecting section (109).

8. A spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a drill bit connecting thread (104), and the drill bit connecting thread (104) is arranged on the outer wall of the connecting section (109).

9. The spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling through hole comprises a first through hole (110) and a second through hole (111) which are connected in sequence, the diameter of the first through hole (110) is smaller than the diameter of the second through hole (111), and the first through hole (110) is arranged toward the other end of the truncated cone segment (107).

10. A spiral blade cutting drilling drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The drill bit body is made of a light alloy material or a carbon fiber composite material.

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