Method for inducing greenhouse flowering of phalaenopsis by using growth inhibitor

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for inducing greenhouse flowering of phalaenopsis by using a growth inhibitor, which comprises the following steps: step 1, material preparation: carrying out vegetative growth cultivation on phalaenopsis, and placing phalaenopsis materials with the seedling age of more than or equal to 9-12 months in a flower forcing greenhouse; 2, preparing a solution: preparing a prohexadione calcium mother solution, and diluting for later use; a diluted prohexadione calcium aqueous solution is used for spraying leaves of the phalaenopsis amabilis, the treatment frequency is 1 time every 7-10 days, treatment is carried out for 1-4 times in total, and the spraying state is based on leaf liquid dropping; 4, plant maintenance, wherein normal fertilizer and water management is conducted on the treated phalaenopsis amabilis, and leaves are prevented from touching water within at least two days after treatment. The method is good in blooming induction effect, suitable for greenhouse large-scale production of different varieties of butterfly orchid and fine regulation and control of the blooming time, capable of remarkably promoting early germination and blooming of butterfly orchid pedicels, capable of improving the blooming quality, capable of shortening the production period, capable of reducing the greenhouse production cost and capable of improving the economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for inducing Phalaenopsis to bloom in a greenhouse by utilizing a growth inhibitor, and belongs to the technical field of orchid flowering period regulation. Background Art

[0002] Phalaenopsis is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Phalaenopsis in the family Orchidaceae. It is deeply loved by consumers because of its unique flower shape and bright color. In recent years, my country's Phalaenopsis industry has developed rapidly, and its output value has been continuously improved. It has become one of the important agricultural high-efficiency industries in my country. Flowering regulation is one of the key technologies affecting the greenhouse production of Phalaenopsis. At present, greenhouse cooling is mainly used for flower induction in Phalaenopsis production. This technology is highly dependent on greenhouse facilities and has high cooling costs, resulting in excessive production costs of Phalaenopsis, which restricts the annual production of Phalaenopsis potted flowers and cut flowers, as well as the sustainable development of the industry. Therefore, reducing the cost of greenhouse low-temperature flower induction, shortening the induction flowering time, and promoting early flowering of Phalaenopsis are crucial for Phalaenopsis greenhouse production.

[0003] Plant growth regulators have been widely used in agriculture, forestry and horticulture, becoming one of the important means to reduce costs, improve efficiency and promote green production, especially in the regulation of flowering period. Studies have shown that plant growth regulators play an important role in the flowering of Phalaenopsis. Prohexadione calcium (calcium 3,5-dioxo-4-propionylcyclohexanecarboxylate) is a growth inhibitor that can inhibit the biosynthesis of gibberellins, which can regulate the growth and development of plants. It is low toxic to plants and the environment, has a short half-life and no residue. The main function of prohexadione calcium is to inhibit plant growth, improve photosynthetic efficiency, increase yield, improve quality and stress resistance. At present, it is mainly used in the resistance of crops such as rice to lodging, and the inhibition of nutritional growth and improvement of resistance of crops such as vegetables and fruit trees. However, its application effect in orchids such as Phalaenopsis has not been reported.

[0004] The relevant patents disclosed in the application for regulating the flowering period of Phalaenopsis orchids are mainly based on regulating cultivation conditions, such as the Phalaenopsis orchid flowering period regulation method disclosed in patent publication number CN113287479A. However, the main disadvantage of regulating the flowering period of Phalaenopsis orchids by cultivation conditions is that the flowering period cannot be accurately controlled, it is time-consuming and costly; if growth regulators can be used to induce flowering, the effect is relatively stable, the operation is simple and the cost of inducing flowering is reduced. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering by using growth inhibitors. The method can improve the efficiency of flower induction, accelerate flowering, shorten the greenhouse production cycle, and has low use cost and simple operation. It can solve the problems of high flower induction cost and immature year-round flowering technology in existing Phalaenopsis production.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering using growth inhibitors, which comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Material preparation: Cultivate Phalaenopsis orchids for vegetative growth, and place Phalaenopsis orchids with a seedling age of ≥ 9-12 months in a flowering greenhouse;

[0008] Step 2, solution preparation: prepare prohexadione calcium mother solution, and then dilute for standby use;

[0009] Step 3, treatment with calcium prohexadione: spray the leaves of Phalaenopsis with a diluted calcium prohexadione aqueous solution, once every 7-10 days, for a total of 1-4 times, and the spraying state is based on the leaf dripping;

[0010] Step 4. Plant maintenance: Carry out normal fertilizer and water management on the treated Phalaenopsis, and avoid the leaves from contacting water for at least 2 days after treatment.

[0011] As a further preferred embodiment of this scheme, in step 1, the greenhouse conditions are daytime temperature 24-28°C, night temperature 16-20°C, relative air humidity 65%-85%, and light intensity 18000-22000Lx.

[0012] As a further preferred embodiment of this scheme, in the step 2, the prohexadione-calcium powder is prepared into a 1000-fold mother liquor with distilled water or deionized water, and then diluted to a mass concentration of 25-200 mg / L for spraying on leaves.

[0013] As a further preferred embodiment of this scheme, in step three, normal cultivation management is required to be ensured during the treatment period, and there is no obvious change in the environment of the treatment area and no interference from pests and diseases.

[0014] As a further preferred embodiment of the present scheme, in the step three, 150-200 Phalaenopsis plants are sprayed with each liter of the prohexadione-calcium aqueous solution, and the front and back sides of the leaves of a single Phalaenopsis plant are evenly moistened by the spray.

[0015] As a further preferred embodiment of this solution, in step 4, the fertilizer and water management is to water or fertilize the Phalaenopsis every 10-15 days.

[0016] As a further preferred embodiment of this scheme, in step 4, the ratio of N:P2O5:K2O in the nutrient solution fertilizer in fertilizer and water management is 10:30:20, and the application frequency is once after two waterings.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] (1) The present invention proposes for the first time the use of calcium cyclohexadione for the flowering induction technology of orchids represented by Phalaenopsis, which effectively utilizes a growth inhibitor to regulate the flowering period of Phalaenopsis, significantly improves the flowering efficiency of Phalaenopsis, shortens the growth cycle, and reduces production costs.

[0019] (2) The present invention is not limited by Phalaenopsis varieties, flower shapes and sizes, and cultivation areas, and can promote pedicel germination, pedicel elongation, and early flowering under appropriate conditions.

[0020] (3) The present invention is easy to operate, saves time and effort, and can meet the application requirements of large-scale production. At the same time, it overcomes the problems of poor stability, low success rate, and waste of resources caused by using environmental, water and fertilizer management and other methods to control the flowering period, and can be used in the field of fine control of the flowering period of orchids such as Phalaenopsis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 The effect of prohexadione-calcium treatment on flowering of Phalaenopsis variety 'Big Pepper'; A. control group, B. 100 mg / L prohexadione-calcium treatment group, C. 150 mg / L prohexadione-calcium treatment group.

[0022] Figure 2 The effect of prohexadione-calcium treatment on flowering of Phalaenopsis variety 'Koda Ya'; A. control group; B. 150 mg / L prohexadione-calcium treatment group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] Prohexadione-calcium was used to induce early flowering of the large-flowered Phalaenopsis variety 'Big Lajiao'.

[0026] (1) Phalaenopsis orchids were grown under standard greenhouse conditions. After 4 to 6 mature leaves were obtained, a prohexadione-calcium solution was sprayed on the large-flowered Phalaenopsis orchid cultivar 'Big Pepper' which was in a healthy and uniform growth state. The prohexadione-calcium solution was first prepared with pure water to a concentration of 300 mg / L, and then the 300 mg / L solution was diluted to a prohexadione-calcium solution with a concentration of 100 mg / L and 150 mg / L. When used, the solution was transferred to a spray pot or a sprayer for standby use.

[0027] (2) Move the Phalaenopsis plants to be treated to the flower-inducing greenhouse, and spray the "Big Pepper" with 100 mg / L and 150 mg / L of calcium cyclohexane solution respectively. During the spraying period, ensure that there is no obvious change in temperature, humidity and light intensity in the spraying area, no interference from pests and diseases, and the spraying agents do not affect each other. Spray the Phalaenopsis leaves with calcium cyclohexane solution every 10 days. The best spraying state is based on the leaf dripping, and the treatment is 2 times in total;

[0028] (3) The treated Phalaenopsis plants were managed with normal fertilizer and water, and compared with the Phalaenopsis materials that were not sprayed. The results showed that the 'Big Pepper' treated with 100mg / L and 150mg / L could both produce stems and bloom earlier. Among them, the average stem-producing days for the 100mg / L and 150mg / L treatments were 21.0d and 24.8d, respectively, which were 7.0d and 3.2d earlier than the unsprayed plants, respectively. After 3 weeks of treatment, the pedicel induction rates reached 50% and 25%, respectively. After 4 weeks of treatment, the pedicel induction rates for the 100mg / L treatment were 90%, and after 5 weeks of treatment, the pedicel induction rates for the 100mg / L and 150mg / L treatments both reached 100%. The days required for the flowering rate to reach 50% for the 100mg / L and 150mg / L treatments were 14.7d and 13.0d earlier, respectively (Table 1, Figure 1 ); the average pedicel lengths of the 100 mg / L and 150 mg / L treatments increased by 1.7 cm and 3.3 cm, respectively, and the average weekly pedicel elongation lengths were 5.9 cm and 6.3 cm, respectively (Table 2).

[0029] Table 1 Effects of calcium cyclohexanediol treatment on flowering of Phalaenopsis cultivar 'Big Pepper'

[0030]

[0031] Table 2 Effects of calcium cyclohexanediol treatment on pedicel elongation of Phalaenopsis cultivar 'Big Pepper'

[0032] Average peduncle length (cm) Average weekly pedicel elongation length (cm) Comparison 40.4±0.4 5.8±0.1 Prohexadione calcium 100mg / L 42.1±0.1 5.9±0.1 Prohexadione calcium 150mg / L 43.7±0.4 6.3±0.1

[0033] Embodiment 2:

[0034] Prohexadione-calcium was used to induce early flowering of the late-flowering Phalaenopsis variety 'Koda Ya'.

[0035] (1) Phalaenopsis is grown under standard greenhouse conditions. After 4 to 6 mature leaves are grown, the Phalaenopsis late-flowering variety 'Koda Ya', which is in a healthy and uniform growth state, is sprayed with a calcium prohexadione solution; pure water is used to prepare calcium prohexadione solutions with concentrations of 100 mg / L and 150 mg / L, respectively, and the solutions are transferred to a spray pot or a sprayer for standby use;

[0036] (2) Move the Phalaenopsis plants to be treated to the flower-inducing greenhouse, and spray 'Koda Ya' with 100 mg / L and 150 mg / L prohexadione calcium solution respectively. During the spraying period, ensure that there is no obvious change in temperature, humidity and light intensity in the spraying area, no interference from pests and diseases, and the spraying agents do not affect each other. Spray the Phalaenopsis leaves with the calcium cyclohexadione aqueous solution every 10 days. The best spraying state is based on the leaf dripping, and the treatment is carried out 2 times in total;

[0037] (3) The treated Phalaenopsis plants were managed with normal fertilizer and water, and compared with the Phalaenopsis materials that were not sprayed. The results showed that the 'Koda Ya' treated with 100mg / L and 150mg / L could both produce stems and bloom earlier. Among them, the average stem-producing days for the 100mg / L and 150mg / L treatments were 30.0d and 21.0d, respectively, which were 5.0d and 14.0d earlier than the unsprayed plants, respectively. After 3 weeks of treatment, the pedicel induction rates reached 20% and 50%, respectively. After 4 weeks of treatment, the pedicel induction rates for the 150mg / L treatment were 90%, and after 5 weeks of treatment, the pedicel induction rates reached 100%. The days required for the flowering rate to reach 50% for the 100mg / L and 150mg / L treatments were 6.3d and 14.3d earlier, respectively (Table 3, Figure 2 ); the average pedicel length in the 100 mg / L and 150 mg / L treatments increased by 2.0 cm and 1.6 cm, respectively, and the average weekly pedicel elongation length was 2.4 cm and 2.3 cm, respectively (Table 4).

[0038] Table 3 Effects of prohexadione-calcium treatment on flowering of Phalaenopsis cultivar 'Koda Ya'

[0039]

[0040] Table 4 Effects of prohexadione-calcium treatment on pedicel elongation of Phalaenopsis cultivar 'Koda Ya'

[0041] Average peduncle length (cm) Average weekly pedicel elongation length (cm) Comparison 15.6±0.2 2.1±0.1 Prohexadione calcium 100mg / L 17.6±0.4 2.4±0.1 Prohexadione calcium 150mg / L 17.2±0.2 2.3±0.1

[0042] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the protection scope of the present invention in any form, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent replacement and the like fall within the protection scope of the present invention. The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art.

Claims

1. A method for inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering using growth inhibitors, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Material preparation: Cultivate Phalaenopsis orchids for vegetative growth, and place Phalaenopsis orchids with a seedling age of ≥ 9-12 months in a flowering greenhouse; Step 2, solution preparation: prepare prohexadione calcium mother solution, and then dilute for standby use; Step 3, treatment with calcium prohexadione: spray the leaves of Phalaenopsis with a diluted calcium prohexadione aqueous solution, once every 7-10 days, for a total of 1-4 times, and the spraying state is based on the leaf dripping; Step 4. Plant maintenance: Carry out normal fertilizer and water management on the treated Phalaenopsis, and avoid the leaves from contacting water for at least 2 days after treatment.

2. A method for inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering using growth inhibitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 1, the greenhouse conditions are: daytime temperature 24-28°C, night temperature 16-20°C, air relative humidity 65%-85%, and light intensity 18000-22000Lx.

3. The method of inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering using growth inhibitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the prohexadione calcium powder is prepared into a 1000-fold mother liquor with distilled water or deionized water, and then diluted to a mass concentration of 25-200 mg / L for spraying on leaves.

4. The method of inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering using growth inhibitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step three, normal cultivation management must be ensured during the treatment period, and there must be no significant changes in the environment of the treatment area and no interference from pests and diseases.

5. A method for inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering using growth inhibitors according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: In the step three, 150 to 200 Phalaenopsis plants are sprayed with each liter of the calcium prohexadione aqueous solution, and the front and back sides of the leaves of a single Phalaenopsis plant are evenly moistened by the spray.

6. The method of inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering using growth inhibitors according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the fertilizer and water management is to water or fertilize the Phalaenopsis every 10-15 days.

7. A method for inducing Phalaenopsis greenhouse flowering using growth inhibitors according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The ratio of N:P2O5:K2O in the nutrient solution fertilizer in the fertilizer and water management is 10:30:20, and the application frequency is once after two waterings.

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