Multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship and working method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship and a working method thereof.The transport ship comprises a ship body, a power device, a positioning device, a detachable fence and an exhaust system, the power device, the positioning device, the detachable fence and the exhaust system are installed on the ship body, the power device is arranged at the stern of the ship body and comprises a main pushing structure and a plurality of diesel generators, and the positioning device comprises a power positioning device and a mooring device; the dynamic positioning device comprises a full-rotation structure and a bow thruster structure, the full-rotation structure is installed on the stern of the ship body, the bow thruster structure is arranged on the side of the ship body, the mooring device comprises a mooring line structure and an anchoring positioning structure, and the mooring device comprises a plurality of mooring line guide holes and a plurality of mooring line winches which are arranged on the periphery of the ship body respectively. The anchoring positioning structures are arranged on the bow and the stern of the ship body, and the main thrust structure, the full-rotation structure and the bow side thrust structure are connected with the diesel generator. Two modes of DP dynamic positioning and anchoring positioning are adopted, the positioning precision requirements of different working conditions are met, and the purpose of saving the positioning cost is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a transport ship, in particular to a multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship and a working method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A deck transport ship uses its own ballast water regulating system to ballast or drain the ballast tanks, so that the cargo deck plane sinks or floats to the same level as the dock, making it easier to transport the required cargo from the dock to the deck.

[0003] The patent "Deck Transport Ship (CN107839841A)" studies the layout of the oil tank and platform of the deck transport ship, making it difficult to ignite the oil tank due to high temperature when welding the limit device; the cargo stabilization device of the deck transport ship is also studied, and the patent "A High-Safety Deck Transport Ship (CN218258605U)" installs a stabilization belt on the cargo of the deck transport ship to prevent it from shaking; the wind and wave resistance of the deck transport ship when loading cargo is also studied, and the patent "A Wind and Wave Resistant Catamaran Deck Equipment Transport Ship (CN113022778A)" arranges power devices, fixing devices, and advection devices on the deck transport ship to resist the attack of wind and waves and maintain the smooth operation of the ship. However, these patents do not mention the layout of the power system and the application of the DP dynamic positioning system to this type of ship. The research on the distribution of the ship's power system, oil-electric hybrid, and dynamic positioning system is still lacking. When encountering strong winds and waves when moored at sea, it is difficult to control the displacement of the hull well, and the stability and safety are poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In view of the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship to achieve effective control of hull displacement and ensure smooth sailing. A working method thereof is also provided.

[0005] Technical solution: A multifunctional rudderless deck transport vessel, comprising a hull and a power unit, a positioning device, a detachable fence and an exhaust system installed thereon, wherein the power unit is arranged at the stern of the hull, and comprises a main thrust structure and multiple diesel generators, the positioning device comprises a dynamic positioning device and a mooring device, the dynamic positioning device comprises an azimuth structure and a bow thruster structure, the azimuth structure is installed at the stern of the hull, the bow thruster structure is arranged on the side of the hull, the mooring device comprises a mooring structure and an anchor positioning structure, the mooring device comprises a plurality of mooring fairleads and a plurality of mooring winches, which are respectively arranged around the hull, the anchor positioning structure is arranged at the bow and stern of the hull, and the main thrust structure, the azimuth structure and the bow thruster structure are respectively connected to the diesel generator.

[0006] Furthermore, the main propulsion structure includes an electric motor, a reduction gearbox, and a fixed propeller. Two electric motors are provided, which are respectively connected to the reduction gearbox, the reduction gearbox is connected to the fixed propeller, the fixed propeller is installed at the stern end of the hull, and the electric motor is connected to the diesel generator.

[0007] Furthermore, the full-revolving structure includes a diesel engine and full-revolving propellers, and two of each are provided. The two full-revolving propellers are respectively installed at the stern end of the hull and driven by a corresponding diesel engine. The full-revolving propellers are connected to the diesel generator.

[0008] Furthermore, the bow thruster structure includes a thruster propeller and a thruster guide tube. Two thruster propellers are provided and are respectively installed on the sides of the bow of the hull. Two thruster guide tubes are provided and are respectively installed at intervals on the bow of the hull. The thruster propeller is connected to the diesel generator.

[0009] Furthermore, the mooring positioning structure includes two bow positioning winches, two bow positioning anchors, two anchoring and mooring winches, two stern positioning winches, two stern positioning anchors and two navigation anchors. The bow positioning winch and the anchoring and mooring winches are installed at intervals on the bow of the hull, the bow positioning anchor and the two navigation anchors are installed at intervals on the bow end of the hull, and the stern positioning winch and the stern positioning anchor are respectively arranged at the stern of the hull.

[0010] Furthermore, the exhaust system includes a lateral exhaust duct and a vertical exhaust duct, both of which are used to discharge exhaust gas. Three layers of vertical baffles with successively decreasing heights are arranged on the inner side of the lateral exhaust duct to prevent seawater from entering the cabin. The vertical exhaust duct is detachably connected to the hull.

[0011] Optimally, the three layers of vertical baffles are an outer baffle, a middle baffle, and an inner baffle, wherein the height of the outer baffle is 70% of the commanding height of the lateral exhaust duct, the height of the middle baffle is 50% of the height of the outer baffle, and the height of the inner baffle is 50% of the height of the middle baffle.

[0012] Optimally, the number of diesel generators is four, the number of mooring fairleads is 15, and the number of mooring winches is 10.

[0013] Optimally, the hull includes a bow structure and a living building arranged at the bow, a deck and a cargo locking device arranged on the deck, a stern structure and a built-in structure inside it for placing an anchor; the bow structure is a vertical bow, the forward perpendicular line is moved forward, its cross-sectional line is a middle V shape, and the stern structure is a square stern.

[0014] A working method of the above-mentioned multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship, the working method for realizing rudderless control and positioning comprises the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: The deck transport ship generates a coordinate reference system using a computer;

[0016] Step 2: The wind speed and current velocity sensors installed on the ship collect the wind, wave and current environmental parameters of the ship;

[0017] Step 3: The computer analyzes the environmental parameters collected by each sensor and transmits the analysis results to the bow thruster structure and the full rotation structure through the control system;

[0018] Step 4: The bow thruster structure and the full-turn structure adjust the thrust direction and magnitude according to the instructions to control the position of the ship;

[0019] The working method of transporting the offshore platform includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: Mooring and berthing; the deck transport ship uses the DP dynamic positioning system to slowly dock, and the stern plane fits smoothly with the dock;

[0021] Step 2: Adjust the deck height; adjust the ship's draft by adding ballast water or discharging water from the ballast tank to keep the ship's deck plane at the same height as the dock ground;

[0022] Step 3: Mooring the ship; the mooring structures at the stern and the side of the ship send the cable out of the ship, and the cable is manually tied to the shore bollard;

[0023] Step 4: Welding the bracket; judging whether the detachable fence needs to be disassembled according to the size of the offshore platform, and then welding the bracket matching the offshore platform at the deck beam support according to the structure of the offshore platform;

[0024] Step 5: The flatbed truck transports the platform; the flatbed truck first drives to the bottom of the offshore platform, and the hydraulic jack of the flatbed truck slowly lifts the platform to a certain height, controls the flatbed truck to slowly drive to the predetermined position on the deck, slowly lowers the hydraulic jack to drop the platform onto the welded bracket, and the flatbed truck exits the deck;

[0025] Step 6: Transport after fixing the platform: After fixing the offshore platform, remove and retract the cables from the piles, and use the DP dynamic positioning system to drive away from the dock;

[0026] The working method of the transport container includes the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Mooring and berthing; the deck transport ship uses the DP dynamic positioning system to slowly berth, and the side of the ship is in a stable fit with the dock;

[0028] Step ②: Mooring the ship; the mooring structures at the stern and the side of the ship send out the cables, and manually fix the cables to the mooring piles;

[0029] Step ③: Welding brackets; judging whether the removable fence needs to be disassembled according to the container hoisting layout, and then welding fixed brackets on the deck to control the horizontal and vertical displacement of the container;

[0030] Step ④: Lift the container; the wharf crane lifts the container according to the container lifting layout and secures it with ropes after lifting;

[0031] Step ⑤: Transport container; after retracting the mooring ropes, use the DP dynamic positioning system to slowly move the ship away from the dock and start transportation.

[0032] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. The multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship of the present invention adopts a mid-V-shaped bow structure and a square stern structure, has good seakeeping and seaworthiness, can effectively reduce the propulsion resistance of the ship, and improve the propulsion efficiency. The internal space of the stern is large, which is conducive to equipment layout and does not occupy deck space; the stern of the deck transport ship is flat, which can achieve a large contact area with the dock, which is convenient for loading and unloading goods;

[0034] 2. The deck transport ship of the present invention adopts two modes, DP dynamic positioning and anchoring positioning, which not only meets the positioning accuracy requirements of different working conditions, but also achieves the goal of saving positioning costs; among them, the advanced DP dynamic positioning system is adopted, which can achieve decimeter-level precise positioning of the ship without anchoring positioning;

[0035] 3. The deck transport ship adopts a hybrid power system with four 1500kw diesel generators. According to the actual sea conditions, 1 to 4 diesel generators can be flexibly turned on to provide power for the fixed propeller to drive the entire ship and the bow thruster. The hybrid power system has good safety performance. When 1 to 3 diesel generators fail, the remaining generators can also complete the smooth navigation of the ship.

[0036] 4. The deck transport vessel uses full-rotation propellers for steering and dynamic positioning. The full-rotation propellers can rotate 360° to provide the ship with precise steering angles and accurate positioning performance;

[0037] 5. The deck transport ship has a flat deck and detachable railings, integrating many functions such as transporting ocean platforms or containers;

[0038] 6. The deck transport ship adopts an embedded stern anchor to ensure that the stern anchor will not affect the contact between the stern deck and the dock when it is retracted;

[0039] 7. The deck transport vessel adopts side exhaust and direct exhaust dual exhaust mode. The direct exhaust pipe can be disassembled to facilitate loading and unloading of large cargoes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall layout of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a front view of the bow structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a front view of the stern structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the deck;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the power device and the power positioning device of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 It is the speed relationship diagram;

[0047] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the exhaust system structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0049] A multi-purpose rudderless deck transport ship, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a hull 1 and a power device, a positioning device, a detachable fence 4 and an exhaust system 5 installed thereon. The hull 1 includes a bow structure 01 and a living building 011 arranged at the bow, a deck 02 and a cargo locking device 021 arranged on the deck 02, a stern structure 03 and a built-in structure 031 inside the stern for placing an anchor; the bow structure 01 is a vertical bow, with the forward perpendicular line moved forward, and its cross-sectional line shape is a middle V shape, which has good seakeeping and seaworthiness performance; the stern structure 03 is a square stern, which is provided with a stern transition section and a deflow section, and is smoothly connected in the middle of the ship respectively; the structure is convenient for the ship to dock at the dock to load cargo, maximizes the use of the stern space of the ship, and provides a larger cargo storage and loading space. At the same time, the water flows through the square stern deflow section, and the water flows roughly horizontally along the longitudinal section, which reduces the bending and rotation of the water flow, can effectively reduce the propulsion resistance of the ship, and improve the propulsion efficiency.

[0050] The power unit adopts a hybrid power system; the power unit includes a main propulsion structure and a diesel generator 21; the positioning device 3 includes a dynamic positioning device and a mooring device; the cargo locking device 021 is a detachable structure, and the brackets used to fix them can be welded on the deck according to the box structure of the loaded cargo. After the transportation is completed, the brackets are cut off with a cutting machine to facilitate the re-welding of brackets of other shapes; the mooring device includes a mooring structure and an anchoring positioning structure; the dynamic positioning device includes a full-rotation structure and a bow thruster structure; the exhaust system 5 includes a lateral exhaust duct 51 and a vertical exhaust duct 52.

[0051] The mooring structure includes fifteen mooring fairleads 11 and thirteen mooring winches 12; the mooring positioning structure includes two bow positioning winches 13, two bow positioning anchors 14, two anchoring and mooring winches 15, two stern positioning winches, two stern positioning anchors 17 and two navigation anchors 18; the main propulsion structure includes four diesel generators 21, two electric motors 22, a reduction gearbox 23 and a fixed propeller 24; the full-revolving structure includes two diesel engines 25 and two full-revolving rudder propellers 26; the bow thruster structure includes two thruster propellers 31 and two thruster guide pipes 32.

[0052] The whole ship is provided with fifteen mooring fairleads 11 and ten mooring winches 12 for the use of the ship when mooring at the shore. Figure 2 As shown, there are five mooring fairleads 11 and five mooring winches 12 on each side of the vessel, and two mooring winches near the stern are inside the hull. Figure 5 As shown, there are five mooring cable guide holes 11 evenly arranged at the bow, and two anchoring winches 15 are responsible for the retraction and deployment of five mooring cables and two bow positioning anchors 14.

[0053] The whole ship is equipped with six positioning anchors responsible for anchoring and positioning during the voyage of the ship. The six positioning anchors are two bow positioning anchors 14, two stern positioning anchors 17 and two navigation anchors 18. Two bow positioning winches 13 and two anchoring and mooring winches 15 are responsible for the retrieval and deployment of the four bow positioning anchors 14, and two stern positioning winches 16 are responsible for the retrieval and deployment of the two stern positioning anchors 17. When the stern positioning anchor 17 is folded, it is completely placed in the built-in structure 031 for placing the anchor, without affecting the flatness of the stern structure.

[0054] The whole ship is equipped with four 1500kw diesel generators 21 to generate electricity, and two 2200kw electric motors 22 are used to drive the reduction gearbox 23 to rotate, and the reduction gearbox 23 transmits power to the fixed propeller 24 to drive the ship to sail;

[0055] The fixed propeller 24 is vertically mounted on the hull in a flat structure, so that the hull 1 is not easily swung left and right by the waves and currents when sailing in the water, and the hull 1 can be kept running smoothly.

[0056] The two side thrust propellers 31 at the bow are powered by four 1500kw diesel generators 21, and the two full-rotation rudder propellers 26 at the stern are driven by two diesel engines 25 respectively. The full-rotation rudder propellers 26 can not only realize the steering function, but also realize the navigation drive function;

[0057] The rudderless deck transport ship of the present invention has high safety. It is driven by two full-rotation rudder propellers 26 and a fixed propeller 24 in a three-propeller mode, and two bow thrust propellers 31 are used for auxiliary driving. If any two propellers fail to work, the ship can rely on the remaining three propellers for emergency navigation. If the two full-rotation rudder propellers 26 fail, the ship can rely on the fixed propellers 24 for driving, and the thrust propellers 31 assist in steering.

[0058] The slewing lever arms of the two azimuth rudder propellers 26 of the present invention are designed to be flat. When the propeller of the azimuth rudder propeller 26 fails, the flat slewing lever arms can serve as the rudder of the ship, and the steering of the ship can still be statically controlled by rotating the slewing lever arms.

[0059] like Figure 7As shown, the multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship can sail at different speeds, and the power supply system includes a power calculation module that will actively turn on or off according to the actual sailing power (the power calculation module will issue instructions according to the actual sailing power. When the sailing power does not exceed 1500kw, generator No. 1 will be turned on; when the sailing power is between 1500kw and 3000kw, generators No. 1 and 2 will be turned on; when the sailing power is between 3000kw and 4500kw, generators No. 1, 2, and 3 will be turned on; when the sailing power exceeds 4500kw, all four generators are turned on. The four generators in the figure are generators No. 1, 2, 3, and 4 from top to bottom) diesel generator 21. When the deck transport ship needs to sail at an economic speed lower than 13kn, the system will actively turn on the two diesel engines 25 on both sides to provide power for the two fully rotating propellers 26, and keep the four diesel generators 21 turned off; when the deck transport ship needs to sail at a faster speed, when the speed is between 12 and 13kn, only one diesel generator 21 is turned on, and the two fully rotating propellers 26 are kept inoperative; when the deck transport ship needs to sail at a speed of 13 to 14kn, only two diesel generators 21 are turned on. , and keep the full-revolving rudder propeller 26 not running; when the deck transport ship needs to be at a speed of 14-15kn, three diesel generators 21 are turned on, and the full-revolving rudder propeller 26 is kept not running; when the deck transport ship needs to be at a speed of 15-16kn (excluding 16kn), all diesel generators 21 are turned on, and the full-revolving rudder propeller 26 is kept not running; when the deck transport ship needs to sail at full speed, the speed is 16kn, then all diesel generators 21 are turned on and the full-revolving rudder propeller is turned on at the same time. The two side thrust propellers are manually turned on according to actual needs. The two side thrust propellers are driven in two different directions respectively, and generally will not be started at the same time. One is started according to actual needs. For example, if you need to turn left, start the outer side thrust propeller, and if you need to turn right, start the inner side thrust propeller. The reduction gearbox is similar to the gearbox of a car. Because the speed directly output by the motor is very high, the gearbox needs to reduce the speed and then transmit the power to the fixed propeller. During the speed regulation process, the reduction gearbox can automatically adjust the gear meshing ratio to increase or decrease the speed of the propeller. During this process, the fixed propeller is in a state of gradual speed increase or deceleration. Four 1500kw diesel generators 21 respectively power the motor 22 that drives the fixed propeller, two full-rotation rudder propellers 26, and two bow thruster propellers 31.

[0060] like Figure 8As shown, the rudderless deck transport ship of the present invention can use a lateral exhaust duct 51 to discharge exhaust gas, and can also use a vertical exhaust duct 52 to discharge exhaust gas. The vertical exhaust duct 52 is a detachable device. When the deck needs to load and unload large cargoes occupying the position of the vertical exhaust duct 52, it can be disassembled to vacate the deck position and use the lateral exhaust duct 51 to discharge exhaust gas; three layers of vertical baffles with decreasing heights are arranged on the inner side of the lateral exhaust duct 51 to prevent seawater from entering the cabin. The height of the outermost baffle is 70% of the highest position of the lateral exhaust duct 51, the height of the middle baffle is 50% of the outermost baffle, and the height of the innermost baffle is 50% of the middle baffle. The three layers of baffles can unload the seawater layer by layer to ensure that seawater cannot enter the cabin; the seawater collected under each layer of baffles will naturally flow into the water tank below, and when the water tank is full, the water pump will automatically pump the water out of the ship.

[0061] The use of the lateral exhaust duct 51 is conditional and cannot be used in the case of strong winds and waves to prevent the lateral exhaust duct 51 from being submerged by excessive waves and causing equipment failure.

[0062] The working method of realizing rudderless control and positioning of a multifunctional rudderless deck transport vessel includes the following steps:

[0063] Step 1: The deck transport ship generates a coordinate reference system using a computer;

[0064] Step 2: The wind speed and current velocity sensors installed on the ship collect the wind, wave and current environmental parameters of the ship;

[0065] Step 3: The computer analyzes the environmental parameters collected by the sensor and transmits the analysis results to the two side thrust propellers and two full-rotation rudder propellers through the control system;

[0066] Step 4: The side thrust propeller and azimuth propeller adjust the thrust direction and magnitude according to the instructions to control the position of the ship.

[0067] The working method of the multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship for transporting an offshore platform comprises the following steps:

[0068] Step 1: Mooring. The deck transport ship uses the DP dynamic positioning system to slowly dock, and the stern plane fits smoothly with the dock; the DP dynamic positioning system is an existing equipment;

[0069] Step 2: Adjust the deck height. Use ballast water or discharge water from the ballast tank to adjust the ship's draft depth to keep the ship's deck plane at the same height as the dock ground;

[0070] Step 3: Mooring the ship. The mooring structures at the stern and the side of the ship send the cable out of the ship, and the cable is manually tied to the shore bollard;

[0071] Step 4: Welding brackets. Determine whether the railings need to be removed based on the size of the offshore platform, and then weld brackets suitable for the offshore platform at the deck beam support based on the structure of the offshore platform;

[0072] Step 5: The flatbed truck transports the platform. The flatbed truck first drives to the bottom of the offshore platform, and the hydraulic jack of the flatbed truck slowly lifts the platform to a certain height. The flatbed truck is controlled to slowly drive to the predetermined position on the deck, and the hydraulic jack is slowly lowered to drop the platform onto the welded bracket, and the flatbed truck exits the deck;

[0073] Step 6: Transport after securing the platform. After securing the offshore platform, remove the cables from the mooring piles and retract them, and use the DP dynamic positioning system to drive away from the dock.

[0074] The multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship and the working method of transporting containers include the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: Mooring. The deck transport ship uses the DP dynamic positioning system to slowly dock, and the side of the ship is in a stable fit with the dock;

[0076] Step 2: Moor the ship. The mooring structures at the stern and the side of the ship send out the cables, and manually fix the cables to the mooring piles;

[0077] Step 3: Welding brackets. Determine whether the railings need to be removed based on the container hoisting layout, and then weld fixed brackets on the deck to control the horizontal and vertical displacement of the container;

[0078] Step ④: Lift the container. The wharf crane will lift the container according to the container lifting layout and secure it with ropes after lifting.

[0079] Step ⑤: Transport container. After the mooring ropes are retracted, the DP dynamic positioning system is used to slowly move the ship away from the dock and start transportation.

Claims

1. A multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hull (1) and a power device, a positioning device, a detachable fence (4) and an exhaust system (5) installed thereon. The power device is arranged at the stern of the hull (1) and comprises a main propulsion structure and a plurality of diesel generators (21). The positioning device comprises a dynamic positioning device and a mooring device. The dynamic positioning device comprises an azimuth structure and a bow thruster structure. The azimuth structure is installed at the stern of the hull (1). The bow thruster structure is arranged on the side of the hull (1). The mooring device comprises a mooring structure and an anchor positioning structure. The mooring device comprises a plurality of mooring fairleads (11) and a plurality of mooring winches (12), which are respectively arranged around the hull (1). The anchor positioning structure is arranged at the bow and stern of the hull (1). The main propulsion structure, the azimuth structure and the bow thruster structure are respectively connected to the diesel generator (21).

2. A multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main propulsion structure comprises an electric motor (22), a reduction gear box (23), and a fixed propeller (24). Two electric motors (22) are provided and are respectively connected to the reduction gear box (23). The reduction gear box (23) is connected to the fixed propeller (24). The fixed propeller (24) is installed at the stern end of the hull (1). The electric motor (22) is connected to the diesel generator (21).

3. A multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The azimuth structure comprises a diesel engine (25) and an azimuth propeller (26), two of which are provided respectively. The two azimuth propellers (26) are respectively installed at the stern end of the hull (1) and driven by a corresponding diesel engine (25). The azimuth propellers (26) are connected to the diesel generator (21).

4. A multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bow thruster structure comprises a thruster propeller (31) and a thruster flow guide tube (32). Two thruster propellers (31) are provided and are respectively installed on the sides of the bow of the hull (1). Two thruster flow guide tubes (32) are provided and are respectively installed at intervals on the bow of the hull (1). The thruster propeller (31) is connected to a diesel generator (21).

5. The multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mooring positioning structure comprises two bow positioning winches (13), two bow positioning anchors (14), two anchoring and mooring winches (15), two stern positioning winches, two stern positioning anchors (17) and two navigation anchors (18); the bow positioning winch (13) and the anchoring and mooring winch (15) are respectively installed at intervals on the bow of the hull (1); the bow positioning anchor (14) and the two navigation anchors (18) are respectively installed at intervals on the bow end of the hull (1); and the stern positioning winch and the stern positioning anchor (17) are respectively arranged at the stern of the hull (1).

6. A multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust system (5) comprises a lateral exhaust duct (51) and a vertical exhaust duct (52) both for discharging exhaust gas; three layers of vertical baffles with successively decreasing heights are arranged inside the lateral exhaust duct (51) for preventing seawater from entering the cabin; and the vertical exhaust duct (52) is detachably connected to the hull (1).

7. A multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to claim 6, characterized in that: The three layers of vertical baffles are respectively an outer baffle, a middle baffle and an inner baffle. The height of the outer baffle is 70% of the height of the commanding point of the lateral exhaust duct (51), the height of the middle baffle is 50% of the height of the outer baffle, and the height of the inner baffle is 50% of the height of the middle baffle.

8. The multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of diesel generators (21) is four, the number of mooring cable guide holes (11) is 15, and the number of mooring cable winches (12) is 10.

9. The multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hull (1) comprises a bow structure (01) and a living building (011) arranged at the bow, a deck (02) and a cargo locking device (021) arranged on the deck (02), a stern structure (03) and a built-in structure (031) therein for placing an anchor; the bow structure (01) is a vertical bow, with a forward perpendicular line, and a cross-sectional line shape of a middle V shape; the stern structure (03) is a square stern.

10. A method for operating a multifunctional rudderless deck transport ship according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The working method for realizing rudderless control and positioning includes the following steps: Step 1: The deck transport ship generates a coordinate reference system using a computer; Step 2: The wind speed and current velocity sensors installed on the ship collect the wind, wave and current environmental parameters of the ship; Step 3: The computer analyzes the environmental parameters collected by each sensor and transmits the analysis results to the bow thruster structure and the full rotation structure through the control system; Step 4: The bow thruster structure and the full-turn structure adjust the thrust direction and magnitude according to the instructions to control the position of the ship; The working method of transporting the offshore platform includes the following steps: Step 1: Mooring and berthing; the deck transport ship uses the DP dynamic positioning system to slowly dock, and the stern plane fits smoothly with the dock; Step 2: Adjust the deck height; adjust the ship's draft by adding ballast water or discharging water from the ballast tank to keep the ship's deck plane at the same height as the dock ground; Step 3: Mooring the ship; the mooring structures at the stern and the side of the ship send the cable out of the ship, and the cable is manually tied to the shore bollard; Step 4: Weld the bracket; Determine whether the detachable fence needs to be disassembled according to the size of the offshore platform, and then weld brackets matching the offshore platform at the deck beam support according to the structure of the offshore platform; Step 5: The flatbed truck transports the platform; the flatbed truck first drives to the bottom of the offshore platform, and the hydraulic jack of the flatbed truck slowly lifts the platform to a certain height, controls the flatbed truck to slowly drive to the predetermined position on the deck, slowly lowers the hydraulic jack to drop the platform onto the welded bracket, and the flatbed truck exits the deck; Step 6: Transport after fixing the platform: After fixing the offshore platform, remove and retract the cables from the piles, and use the DP dynamic positioning system to drive away from the dock; The working method of the transport container includes the following steps: Step 1: Mooring and berthing; the deck transport ship uses the DP dynamic positioning system to slowly berth, and the side of the ship is in a stable fit with the dock; Step ②: Mooring the ship; the mooring structures at the stern and the side of the ship send out the cables, and manually fix the cables to the mooring piles; Step 3: Welding the bracket; Determine whether the removable fence needs to be dismantled based on the container hoisting layout, and then weld fixed brackets on the deck to control the horizontal and vertical displacement of the container; Step ④: Lift the container; the wharf crane lifts the container according to the container lifting layout and secures it with ropes after lifting; Step ⑤: Transport container; after retracting the mooring ropes, use the DP dynamic positioning system to slowly move the ship away from the dock and start transportation.

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