Wall breaking device for breaking perforation compaction layer of oil and gas well

Abstract

The invention discloses a wall breaking device used for breaking a perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well, and relates to the technical field of petroleum perforation, the wall breaking device comprises a perforating gun, a bullet frame, a perforating bullet, an acting device and a detonating cord, the acting device is detachably installed at an opening of the perforating bullet, the head of the acting device is filled with energy particles arranged in multiple layers, and the energy particles are arranged in multiple layers. A positioning clamping ring is installed in the shell and used for adjusting the distance between the energy particles and the blasting powder. Compared with the prior art, according to the multi-layer charging structure, particles can be fully rubbed and impacted in the pore channels, a more violent acting effect is triggered, and the pore channels without compaction pollution are generated. In addition, due to the design of the positioning clamping ring, the perforating bullet can be kept at the end away from the blind hole all the time, larger burst height is obtained for jet flow, and the technical problems that a traditional perforating hole channel is narrow and blocked, and compaction pollution exists in the hole channel are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum perforation, and in particular relates to a wall breaker for breaking a perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well. Background Art

[0002] Perforating bullets are often used in oilfield exploration and development. The quality of the perforator and the form of the gun directly affect the penetration depth of the perforation and the production capacity of the oil and gas wells. When the perforating bullets in the existing perforators are working, due to the high geological density and hardness, the perforated channels often have a very hard compacted contaminated layer, which cannot meet the production needs. In addition, there will be problems such as blockage when the perforating channel is narrow. Therefore, how to improve the layout and structure of the existing perforating bullets, add secondary working components, and efficiently break the perforation compaction layer of oil and gas wells has become a technical problem in this field. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a wall breaker for breaking the compacted layer of oil and gas well perforation. The structure improves the work device structure and adds a secondary work component to facilitate the formation of the jet, which can produce channels without compaction pollution.

[0004] The present invention solves the above problems by the following technical means: A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well, characterized in that it comprises a perforating gun, a bomb rack, a perforating bomb, a work device and a detonating cord, wherein: A bullet rack is concentrically arranged inside the perforating gun, the perforating gun and the bullet rack are fixed by a positioning ring or an end cover, a plurality of mounting holes are symmetrically opened on the tube body of the bullet rack, a plurality of perforating bullets are symmetrically fixed in the mounting holes, and adjacent perforating bullets are arranged at a phase of 60°, 90°, 120° or 180°; The perforating bullet is filled with explosives, which are fixed by a conical charge cap. A transmission hole is provided at the bottom of the perforating bullet, which is connected to an external detonating cord. The work device is detachably mounted at the opening of the perforating bullet, and the head of the work device is filled with energy particles arranged in multiple layers.

[0005] Preferably, the shell of the work device is a hollow tube with an opening at one end, and a jet channel is provided in the middle of the other end of the shell. An annular medicine chamber for loading energy particles is formed between the inner wall of the jet channel and the inner wall of the shell. A positioning medicine cover is provided on the top of the annular medicine chamber, and the positioning medicine cover is used to position energy particles arranged in multiple layers.

[0006] Preferably, a positioning snap ring is installed inside the shell through an internal thread, and the positioning snap ring is used to adjust the total height of the work device and the perforating bullet after they are matched.

[0007] Preferably, the blasting charge is high-energy solid explosive.

[0008] Preferably, the energy particles are composed of two layers, wherein: the bottom layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the top layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particles in the top layer are compacted by a positioning drug cover.

[0009] Preferably, the energy particles are composed of three layers, wherein: the bottom layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the middle layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 50-60 mesh; the top layer is filled with 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particles in the top layer are compacted by a positioning medicine cover.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of each layer of the energy particles is 3-4 mm, and each layer of energy particles adopts an equal thickness arrangement scheme or a tapered arrangement scheme.

[0011] Preferably, the top surface inclination angle of the bottom layer energy particles is in the range of 15°-20°, and the top surface inclination angle of the middle layer energy particles is in the range of 20°-30°.

[0012] The wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1) The energy particles inside the wall breaker are filled with energy particles of various sizes in multiple layers, so that the particles can fully rub and collide with each other after entering the channel, so that the particles can obtain a larger energy peak after being excited, and obtain a better perforation channel transformation effect. In addition, when the energy particles enter the channel, the smaller the diameter of the particles, the greater the initial velocity they can obtain. The multi-layer charge structure can cause the particles to induce a more intense work effect in the channel.

[0013] 3) The design of the positioning clamp ring can keep the perforating bullet at the end farthest away from the blind hole, so that the perforating bullet can achieve a larger explosion height, which perfectly solves the problems of narrow blockage of traditional perforating channels and compaction pollution in the channels.

[0014] 3) A positioning clamp is installed inside the shell through an internal thread. The positioning clamp is used to adjust the distance between the energy particles and the blasting charge, and can also adjust the matching height between the wall breaker and the perforating bullet, so that this product can be used with bullets of different heights, and only the positioning clamp needs to be adjusted.

[0015] 4) The connection method between the actuator and the perforating charge has been improved. Threads, slots or cone sleeves can be used. The original integrated structure is replaced by a detachable structure. The perforating charge and the actuator can be transported and stored separately. Perforating charges with different performance can be flexibly matched according to different technical requirements or geological needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the implementation mode will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation modes of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is an overall schematic diagram of the perforating bullet of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the power generator of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the energy particle layout of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working process of the present invention.

[0018] Among them, 1-perforating gun, 2-bomb rack, 3-perforating bullet, 301-blasting charge, 302-conical charge cover, 303-blasting hole, 4-actuator, 401-energy particle, 402-blasting shell, 403-jet channel, 404-annular charge chamber, 405-positioning charge cover, 406-positioning clamp, 5-detonating cord. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0020] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] like Figures 1 to 5As shown, the wall breaker includes a perforating gun 1, a bomb rack 2, a perforating bullet 3, a work device 4 and a detonating cord 5. In the figure, the bomb rack 2 is concentrically arranged inside the perforating gun 1, and the perforating gun 1 and the bomb rack 2 are fixed by a positioning ring or an end cover. A plurality of mounting holes are symmetrically opened on the tube body of the bomb rack 2, and a plurality of perforating bullets 3 are symmetrically fixed in the mounting holes. Adjacent perforating bullets 3 are arranged in phase at 60°, 90°, 120° or 180°. In this embodiment, a 90° interval phase arrangement scheme is adopted.

[0022] In the figure, the interior of the perforating bullet 3 is filled with blasting charge 301, which is limited and fixed by a conical charge cover 302. A blasting hole 303 is opened at the bottom of the perforating bullet 3, and the blasting hole 303 is connected to the external detonating cord 5; specifically, the blasting charge 301 is made of high-energy solid explosive.

[0023] In the figure, the work device 4 is detachably mounted at the opening of the perforating bullet 3, and the head of the work device 4 is filled with multi-layered energy particles 401. The work device 4 and the perforating bullet 3 can be connected by a thread, a slot or a cone sleeve, and the detachable structure replaces the original integrated structure. The perforating bullet and the work device can be transported and stored separately, and perforating bullets with different performances can be flexibly matched according to different technical requirements or geological needs.

[0024] In the figure, the shell 402 of the work device 4 is a hollow tube with an opening at one end, and a jet channel 403 is provided in the middle of the other end of the shell 402. An annular medicine chamber 404 for loading energy particles 401 is formed between the inner wall of the jet channel 403 and the inner wall of the shell 402. A positioning medicine cover 405 is buckled on the top of the annular medicine chamber 404, and the positioning medicine cover 405 is used to position the energy particles 401 arranged in multiple layers.

[0025] In practical application, the energy particle 401 may be composed of two layers, wherein: the bottom layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the top layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particles 401 in the top layer are compacted by the positioning medicine cover 405. The energy particle 401 may also be composed of three layers, wherein: the bottom layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the middle layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 50-60 mesh; the top layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particles 401 in the top layer are compacted by the positioning medicine cover 405.

[0026] Specifically, the energetic material passivated by the sol coating method is an energetic material passivated by the sol coating method, in which a mixture of highly active metal and non-metal powders such as carbon, boron, aluminum, and silver powders is selected as a combustion agent, specifically, the ratio of carbon: boron: aluminum: silver = 10:1:1.5:0.5 can be adopted; a mixture of antimony trioxide and magnesium silicate is used as a combustion regulator, specifically, 1.6% of antimony trioxide and 1.2% of magnesium silicate can be used; a mixture of 1% of bismuth powder and 0.8% of titanium powder is used as a functional additive, and ethyl acetate is used as a solvent.

[0027] It should be noted that each layer of energy particles 401 has a thickness of 1-2 mm, and each layer of energy particles 401 adopts an equal thickness arrangement scheme or a tapered arrangement scheme. For example, when a three-layer tapered arrangement scheme is adopted, the top surface inclination angle a of the bottom layer energy particles 401 ranges from 15° to 20°, and the top surface inclination angle b of the middle layer energy particles 401 ranges from 20° to 30°.

[0028] In actual operation, the energy particles inside the wall breaker are filled with energy particles of various sizes in multiple layers, so that the particles can fully rub and collide with each other after entering the channel, so that the particles can obtain a larger energy peak after being excited, and obtain a better perforation channel transformation effect. In addition, when the energy particles enter the channel, the smaller the diameter of the particles, the greater the initial velocity they can obtain. This multi-layer charging structure can cause the particles to induce a more intense work effect in the channel.

[0029] In the figure, a positioning snap ring 406 is installed inside the housing 402 through an internal thread, and the positioning snap ring 406 is used to adjust the total height of the working device 4 and the perforating bullet 3 after they are matched.

[0030] It should be noted that the design of the positioning clamp ring can keep the perforating bullet at one end of the blind hole to the greatest extent possible, which can make the perforating bullet have a larger explosion height, and perfectly solve the problems of narrow blockage of the traditional perforating channel and compaction pollution in the channel. In addition, a positioning clamp ring is installed inside the shell through the internal thread. The positioning clamp ring is used to adjust the distance between the energy particles and the blasting charge, and can also adjust the matching height between the wall breaker and the perforating bullet, so that this product can be used with bullets of different heights, and only the positioning clamp ring needs to be adjusted.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of oil and gas wells, characterized in that: The invention comprises a perforating gun (1), a bomb rack (2), a perforating bomb (3), a work device (4) and a detonating cord (5), wherein: A bullet rack (2) is concentrically arranged inside the perforating gun (1), the perforating gun (1) and the bullet rack (2) are fixed via a positioning ring or an end cover, a plurality of mounting holes are symmetrically opened on the tube body of the bullet rack (2), a plurality of perforating bullets (3) are symmetrically fixed in the mounting holes, and adjacent perforating bullets (3) are arranged at a phase angle of 60°, 90°, 120° or 180°; The interior of the perforating bullet (3) is filled with explosive charge (301), and the explosive charge (301) is fixed by a conical charge cover (302). A detonation hole (303) is provided at the bottom of the perforating bullet (3), and the detonation hole (303) is connected to an external detonating cord (5); The work device (4) is detachably mounted at the opening of the perforating bullet (3), and the head of the work device (4) is filled with energy particles (401) arranged in multiple layers.

2. A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of oil and gas wells as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (402) of the work device (4) is a hollow tube with an opening at one end, a jet channel (403) is provided in the middle of the other end of the shell (402), an annular medicine chamber (404) for loading energy particles (401) is formed between the inner wall of the jet channel (403) and the inner wall of the shell (402), and a positioning medicine cover (405) is buckled on the top of the annular medicine chamber (404), and the positioning medicine cover (405) is used to position the energy particles (401) arranged in multiple layers.

3. A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of oil and gas wells as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning clamp ring (406) is installed inside the housing (402) via an internal thread, and the positioning clamp ring (406) is used to adjust the total height of the work device (4) and the perforating bullet (3) after they are matched.

4. A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The blasting charge (301) is a high-energy solid explosive.

5. A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of oil and gas wells as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The energy particles (401) are composed of two layers, wherein: the bottom layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the top layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particles (401) in the top layer are compacted by a positioning drug cover (405).

6. A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The energy particles (401) are composed of three layers, wherein: the bottom layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 30-40 mesh; the middle layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 50-60 mesh; the top layer contains 5-8 grams of energetic material passivated by sol coating method, with a particle size of 70-80 mesh, and the energy particles (401) in the top layer are compacted by a positioning drug cover (405).

7. A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of each layer of the energy particles (401) is 3-4 mm, and each layer of the energy particles (401) adopts an equal thickness arrangement scheme or a tapered arrangement scheme.

8. A wall breaker for breaking the perforation compaction layer of an oil and gas well as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The top surface inclination angle (a) of the bottom layer energy particles (401) ranges from 15° to 20°, and the top surface inclination angle (b) of the middle layer energy particles (401) ranges from 20° to 30°.

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