Real-time monitoring system and method for monitoring equipment in cable channel based on LoRaWAN technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a real-time monitoring system and method for monitoring equipment in a cable channel based on a LoRaWAN technology, and relates to the technical field of Internet of Things communication, and the system comprises a LoRa transmission module, a LoRaWAN gateway, a LoRaWAN network server, and a rear-end intelligent operation inspection platform. The LoRa transmission module can access existing cable channel internal monitoring equipment, including temperature, harmful gas and circulation monitoring equipment, to the LoRaWAN network server; the LoRaWAN network architecture adopts a hybrid network structure, so that full coverage of the LoRaWAN network in the cable channel is realized; and the rear-end intelligent operation inspection platform sends a control instruction to the front-end monitoring system through the LoRaWAN network to realize the functions of two-way communication, real-time monitoring, position positioning, information query and task management, and the requirements of operation inspection maintenance and scheduling command are met. According to the invention, long-distance and low-power-consumption communication capability is provided for monitoring equipment through the LoRaWAN technology, so that information can be quickly and stably transmitted among the equipment, potential safety hazards are effectively prevented, response and processing are timely, and the safety is greatly enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of power cable facilities, and in particular relates to a real-time monitoring system for monitoring equipment inside a cable channel. Background Art

[0002] Cable trench is an underground pipeline used to lay and replace power or telecommunication cable facilities. It is also the enclosure structure of the laid cable facilities. There are rectangular, circular, arched and other pipeline structures. The use of cable trenches for power transmission and transformation has begun to be widely used due to its high efficiency, large transmission capacity, safety and controllability, and easy professional management and maintenance.

[0003] At the same time, due to its characteristics of being in a closed environment, once a fault occurs or the closed environment changes in flammable and explosive environments, it will bring great technical difficulties and safety hazards to maintenance personnel. Due to terrain or design factors, water often accumulates in the closed system during the rainy season. When the water level is too high, the cable will be immersed in water for a long time and corroded continuously, which will not only destroy the insulation, but also cause water ingress to the cable and cause it to burst.

[0004] For this purpose, many types of equipment are installed in the cable trench to monitor its internal status, such as cable temperature monitoring, harmful gas monitoring, cable sheath circulation monitoring, etc. However, due to the limitations of communication conditions in the cable trench, how to effectively and effectively aggregate and transmit the monitoring data of many monitoring devices in real time has become the biggest obstacle to application. The cable trench near the substation can also rely on the network transmission channel in the substation for data exchange, and the equipment status in the cable trench within the city is almost a monitoring blind spot.

[0005] The environment inside the cable trench is complex. In order to ensure the reliable operation of the cable line and the personal safety of the personnel entering the trench, it is necessary to be able to monitor the internal environment of the trench and the temperature of the cable line in real time.

[0006] At present, monitoring equipment such as temperature, harmful gases, and circulation have been installed inside the cable trench. The problem is that communication inside the cable trench is inconvenient, and it is difficult to send the measurement results to the ground in real time, and the advantages of the monitoring system cannot be maximized. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention provides a real-time monitoring method for cable trench internal monitoring equipment based on LoRaWAN technology, realizes self-organizing network inside the cable trench based on LoRaWAN technology, and then connects each monitoring module to the LoRaWAN network, thereby realizing real-time transmission of monitoring data. After combining with LoRaWAN technology, the real-time performance of state monitoring data transmission inside the cable trench is improved, the possibility of accidents is reduced, and the potential safety hazards of personnel are reduced. The ability of patrol personnel to monitor the internal state of the cable trench is enhanced, and the requirements for safe operation of the cable line are finally met.

[0008] The technical solution of the present invention is a real-time monitoring system for cable channel internal monitoring equipment based on LoRaWAN technology, which is characterized by: comprising a LoRa transmission module, a LoRaWAN network server, and a back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform; The LoRa transmission module can connect the existing cable channel internal monitoring equipment, including temperature, harmful gas, and circulation monitoring equipment, to the LoRaWAN network server; the LoRaWAN network server receives the data packets sent by the LoRa transmission module, parses the data packets and configurations, and sends the parsed data to the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform; The back-end intelligent operation and maintenance platform conducts two-way communication with the front-end monitoring system through the LoRaWAN network. The back-end monitoring personnel receive the information collected by the front-end monitoring system in real time through the APP, promptly understand the front-end fault site situation, and take quick and effective emergency repair measures for the fault; real-time monitoring of equipment status information and location information; the electronic map of the back-end intelligent operation and maintenance platform takes the form of a two-dimensional map, and establishes a cable channel network map according to the actual scale, and marks the monitoring equipment, and views the status information and geographical location of the monitoring equipment in the current display area in real time on the map; normal cable lines are marked with corresponding green icons, and faulty cable lines are marked with corresponding red icons on the electronic map, and an alarm signal is displayed; when the supervisor clicks the icon showing the fault, the screen will display the specific location of the faulty line and detailed fault information, which is convenient for arranging technicians to take quick and effective emergency repair measures at the fault location.

[0009] Furthermore, the back-end intelligent operation and maintenance platform sets up a list of alarm items, displays the alarm information on the electronic map and the list of alarm items, and saves the alarm information in the database.

[0010] Furthermore, the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform saves the information transmitted by the front-end monitoring system into the database, which includes not only the monitored physical information but also the location information. When conducting an accident investigation, the alarm content saved in the back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software is queried. The alarm content includes the alarm type, alarm time, and alarm location.

[0011] The real-time monitoring method of cable trench internal monitoring equipment based on LoRaWAN technology is characterized by: deploying LoRaWAN gateway and building LoRaWAN network service, remotely configuring the host of cable trench internal monitoring equipment, connecting the sensor of cable trench internal monitoring equipment to the LoRa transmission module, the LoRa transmission module caches and packages various monitoring results and sends them to the LoRaWAN network server through the LoRaWAN network transmission, the LoRaWAN network server receives the data packet sent by the LoRa transmission module, parses the data packet and configuration, and sends the parsed data to the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform; the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform performs two-way communication with the front-end monitoring system through the LoRaWAN network, and issues control instructions to realize functions including position positioning, information query, and task management, so as to meet the requirements of operation and inspection maintenance and dispatching command.

[0012] Furthermore, the LoRa transmission module uses NwkSKey or AppSkey to encrypt the MAC payload frame during transmission, where the encryption uses the AES encryption method with a key length of 128 bits. In the process of encrypting the MAC frame, the frame header FPort is used to distinguish. When FPort=0, it means that the current MAC frame payload only contains commands and does not contain specific data content. At this time, it is encrypted using the session key. When FPort≠0, it indicates that the current MAC frame payload contains data. At this time, the value of FPort expresses the size of the frame payload data and is encrypted using the application password. The AES signature algorithm is used to generate a message consistency code (MIC) for the encrypted MAC frame. The encryption algorithm is generated using the AES signature algorithm CMAC, which only uses the network session key in the encryption stage.

[0013] Furthermore, the LoRaWAN network architecture adopts a hybrid network structure to achieve full coverage of the LoRaWAN network inside the cable channel.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a real-time monitoring system for cable channel internal monitoring equipment based on LoRaWAN technology, which applies LoRaWAN technology to cable channel status monitoring. Through various monitoring sensors and specially designed LoRa transmission modules, LoRaWAN gateways, network servers, and operation and inspection platforms, it can not only realize the return of various monitoring physical quantities inside the cable channel, but also realize the remote setting of the monitoring equipment system parameters to achieve the purpose of remote control. For example, when the ambient temperature is too high in summer, the monitoring frequency of the temperature measurement system on the cable line temperature can be increased by remotely setting parameters.

[0015] 2. The present invention applies LoRaWAN self-organizing network technology to cable trenches. Monitoring equipment such as temperature, harmful gases, and circulation can uniformly transmit monitoring data to the intelligent operation and inspection platform in real time. The real-time performance of information transmission is improved, which reduces the possibility of accidents, reduces the frequency of personnel entering trenches for inspection, and reduces personnel safety hazards. The inspection personnel's ability to control the internal environment of the cable trench is enhanced, and ultimately the requirements for safe operation of the cable line are met.

[0016] 3. The present invention realizes self-organizing network inside the cable trench based on LoRaWAN technology, and then connects each monitoring module to the LoRaWAN network, thereby realizing real-time transmission of monitoring data. After combining with LoRaWAN technology, the real-time transmission of status monitoring data inside the cable trench is improved, reducing the possibility of accidents and reducing personnel safety hazards. The ability of inspection personnel to monitor the internal status of the cable trench is enhanced, and finally the requirements for safe operation of the cable line are met. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] LoRaWAN is the abbreviation of LoRa Wi de Area Network (LoRa Wide Area Network), which is a communication protocol based on LoRa technology. It mainly includes three levels of communication entities: LoRa terminal, LoRa gateway and LoRa server. In the design of protocol and network architecture, LoRaWAN fully considers several factors such as node power consumption, network capacity, QoS, security and network application diversity. The LoRaWAN network architecture includes four parts: terminal, base station, NS (network server) and application server. A star network topology is used between base stations and terminals. Due to the long-distance characteristics of LoRa, single-hop transmission can be used between them, and terminal nodes can send to multiple base stations at the same time. The base station forwards the LoRaWAN protocol data between NS and the terminal, and carries the LoRaWAN data on LoRa radio frequency transmission and TCP / IP respectively.

[0018] The embodiment of the present invention provides a real-time monitoring system for cable trench internal monitoring equipment based on LoRaWAN technology, including a LoRa transmission module, a LoRaWAN network server, and a back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform; The LoRa transmission module can connect existing cable channel internal monitoring equipment, including temperature, harmful gas, and circulation monitoring equipment, to the LoRaWAN network server.

[0019] Deploy the LoRaWAN gateway and build the LoRaWAN network service, remotely configure the host of the cable trench internal monitoring equipment, connect the sensor of the cable trench internal monitoring equipment to the LoRa transmission module, the LoRa transmission module caches and packages various monitoring results and sends them to the LoRaWAN network server through the LoRaWAN network transmission, the LoRaWAN network server receives the data packet sent by the LoRa transmission module, parses the data packet and configuration, and sends the parsed data to the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform; the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform conducts two-way communication with the front-end monitoring system through the LoRaWAN network, and issues control instructions to implement functions including location positioning, information query, and task management to meet the requirements of operation and maintenance and dispatch command.

[0020] The following part describes the present invention in detail 1. Research on the design of LoRaWAN transmission network topology suitable for cable channels Network topology refers to the interconnection between network nodes (such as servers, routers, computers, etc.) and communication lines, reflecting the connection relationship between nodes in the network. Common network topologies include star topology, ring topology, tree topology, mesh topology, bus topology, etc.

[0021] The present invention designs a hybrid network structure to realize the construction of a LoRaWAN network inside a cable channel.

[0022] 2. Data transmission protocol design The data transmission protocol includes the design and research of data transmission protocols between monitoring devices and gateways and between gateways and servers.

[0023] The protocol design first needs to parse the host protocols of various monitoring devices. In addition to being able to read monitoring data, it also needs to be able to remotely configure the monitoring device host. Therefore, the configuration protocol also needs to be parsed.

[0024] The LoRa transmission module needs to have a certain cache and processing capability to cache and package various measurement results and send them through the LoRaWAN network to reduce the network load.

[0025] The core of the transmission protocol design is network security. The MAC payload frame is encrypted using the NwkSKey or AppSkey key. The encryption can use the AES encryption method with a key length of 128 bits. In the process of encrypting the MAC frame, the frame header FPort is used to distinguish. When FPort=0, it means that the current MAC frame payload only contains commands and does not contain specific data content. At this time, it can be encrypted with the session key. When FPort≠0, it indicates that the current MAC frame payload contains data. At this time, the value of FPort represents the size of the frame payload data and is encrypted using the application password. The AES signature algorithm is used to generate a message consistency code (MIC) for the encrypted MAC frame. The encryption algorithm can be generated using the AES signature algorithm CMAC, which only uses the network session key in the encryption stage.

[0026] 3. Design the back-end intelligent operation and inspection system The back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software is developed based on the Win10 system. It sends control instructions to the front end through a wireless low-power wide area network to achieve functions including two-way communication, real-time monitoring, location positioning, information query, task management, etc., meeting the requirements of operation and inspection maintenance and dispatch command. The present invention is based on the back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software of Win10 system, which can realize the information interaction of the system and meet the requirements of operation and inspection maintenance. Based on the hierarchical system architecture, it is implemented using JavaScript and developed using Visual Studio as the compilation environment. The system structure is stable and the reliability is high.

[0027] The back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software has the following main functions: (1) Two-way communication The back-end intelligent operation and maintenance system software conducts two-way communication with the front-end monitoring system through the LoRaWAN network. The back-end monitoring personnel can receive the information collected by the front-end in real time through the APP, promptly understand the front-end fault site situation, and take fast and effective emergency repair measures for the fault.

[0028] (2) Real-time monitoring In order to timely and accurately understand the status information of the current cable line, the back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software can monitor the equipment status information and location information in real time.

[0029] (3) Positioning The electronic map of the back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software adopts the form of a two-dimensional map, which is scaled according to the actual scale to establish a cable channel network diagram and mark the monitoring equipment. The back-end intelligent operation and inspection system can view the monitoring status information and geographical location in the current display area in real time on the map.

[0030] Normal cable lines are marked with corresponding green icons, and faulty cable lines are marked with corresponding red icons on the electronic map, and an alarm signal is displayed. When supervisors click on the icon showing the fault, the screen will display the specific location of the faulty line and detailed fault information, making it easier to arrange for technicians to take quick and effective emergency repair measures at the fault location.

[0031] (4) Information Query The back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software sets up a list of alarm items. The system displays the alarm information in the electronic map and the alarm item list at the same time, and saves the alarm information in the database. The alarm content includes the alarm type, alarm time, and alarm location. The back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software saves the information transmitted by the front-end monitoring system in the database, which includes location information in addition to the monitored physical information. When conducting an accident investigation, the alarm content saved in the back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software can be queried. In addition, the back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software also has a statistical analysis function, which can count the number of alarms, alarm types and their number within a certain period of time. It can also be combined by date, location, alarm type and other conditions.

[0032] The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementations obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring system for cable channel internal monitoring equipment based on LoRaWAN technology, characterized by: Including LoRa transmission module, LoRaWAN network server, and back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform; The LoRa transmission module can connect the existing cable trench internal monitoring equipment, including temperature, harmful gas, and circulation monitoring equipment, to the LoRaWAN network server; the LoRaWAN network server receives the data packet sent by the LoRa transmission module, parses the data packet and configuration, and sends the parsed data to the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform; the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform conducts two-way communication with the front-end monitoring system through the LoRaWAN network, and the back-end monitoring personnel receive the information collected by the front-end monitoring system in real time through the APP, and promptly understand the front-end fault site situation, and take quick and effective emergency repair measures for the fault; real-time monitoring of equipment status information and location information; the electronic map of the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform adopts a two-dimensional map form, and establishes a cable trench network map according to the actual scale, and marks the monitoring equipment, and the status information and geographic location of the monitoring equipment in the current display area can be viewed in real time on the map; Cable lines in normal condition are marked with corresponding green icons, and cable lines with faults are marked with corresponding red icons on the electronic map, and an alarm signal is displayed; when the supervisor clicks the icon showing the fault, the screen will display the specific location of the faulty line and detailed fault information, making it easier to arrange for technicians to take quick and effective emergency repair measures at the fault location.

2. The real-time monitoring system of the cable channel internal monitoring device based on LoRaWAN technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The back-end intelligent operation and maintenance platform sets up a list of alarm items, displays the alarm information on the electronic map and the list of alarm items, and saves the alarm information in the database.

3. The real-time monitoring system of the cable trench internal monitoring device based on LoRaWAN technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform saves the information transmitted by the front-end monitoring system into the database. When conducting an accident investigation, the alarm content saved in the back-end intelligent operation and inspection system software is queried. The alarm content includes the alarm type, alarm time, and alarm location.

4. A real-time monitoring method for the cable channel internal monitoring device based on LoRaWAN technology according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Deploy the LoRaWAN gateway and build the LoRaWAN network service, remotely configure the host of the cable trench internal monitoring equipment, connect the sensor of the cable trench internal monitoring equipment to the LoRa transmission module, the LoRa transmission module caches and packages various monitoring results and sends them to the LoRaWAN network server through the LoRaWAN network transmission, the LoRaWAN network server receives the data packet sent by the LoRa transmission module, parses the data packet and configuration, and sends the parsed data to the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform; the back-end intelligent operation and inspection platform conducts two-way communication with the front-end monitoring system through the LoRaWAN network, and issues control instructions to implement functions including location positioning, information query, and task management to meet the requirements of operation and maintenance and dispatch command.

5. The real-time monitoring method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that Lo When transmitting, the Ra transmission module uses the NwkSKey or AppSkey key to encrypt the MAC payload frame. The encryption uses the AES encryption method with a key length of 128 bits. During the MAC frame encryption process, the frame header FPort is used to distinguish. When FPort=0, it means that the current MAC frame payload only contains commands and does not contain specific data content. At this time, it is encrypted using the session key. When FPort≠0, it indicates that the current MAC frame payload contains data. At this time, the value of FPort expresses the size of the frame payload data and is encrypted using the application password. The AES signature algorithm is used to generate a message consistency code (MIC) for the encrypted MAC frame. The encryption algorithm is generated using the AES signature algorithm CMAC. The encryption stage of this algorithm only uses the network session key.

6. The real-time monitoring method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that Lo The RaWAN network architecture adopts a hybrid network structure to achieve full coverage of the LoRaWAN network inside the cable channel.