Stratum recognition method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a stratum identification method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium. The method comprises the steps that reflected wave imaging is carried out on a stratum to be recognized, a reflected wave imaging result is obtained, and multiple interference exists in the reflected wave imaging result; diffracted wave imaging is carried out on the stratum to be identified, and a diffracted wave imaging result is obtained; and determining the position of the target stratum according to the reflected wave imaging result and the diffracted wave imaging result. According to the method, imaging results of diffracted waves and reflected waves are subjected to combined comparative analysis according to the difference of imaging mechanisms of the diffracted waves and the reflected waves, the spatial position of a real stratum in stratums is determined, false stratums caused by multiple waves in conventional reflected wave seismic imaging are effectively distinguished, and identification of the stratums and reservoirs in the seismic exploration process is guided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geophysical technology, and in particular to a method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium for stratum identification. Background Art

[0002] At present, oil and gas exploration is mainly based on seismic exploration technology, which uses artificial passive seismic to survey underground targets, record signals, and process images to ultimately obtain information on the underground distribution of oil and gas. For deeper formations, the wave field analysis becomes more complex during signal processing, and the multi-solution capability increases accordingly.

[0003] Ultra-deep seismic exploration faces the problems of effective signal identification and enhancement and multiple wave suppression. Multiple waves are common interference waves in seismic exploration. The appearance and existence of multiple waves make seismic imaging unrealistic and cause the "false formation" phenomenon. There are many ways to suppress the "false reflection" caused by multiple waves, but for ultra-deep layers (8000-10000 meters), the wave field information is complex, and it is difficult to achieve wave field identification and separation, and the effect is poor. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium for stratum identification, so as to effectively distinguish false strata caused by multiple waves in reflection wave imaging, thereby improving the authenticity and accuracy of ultra-deep seismic imaging.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a formation identification method, the method comprising:

[0006] Performing reflection wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain a reflection wave imaging result, wherein the reflection wave imaging result contains multiple wave interference;

[0007] Perform diffraction wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain the diffraction wave imaging result;

[0008] The location of the target formation is determined based on the reflection wave imaging results and the diffraction wave imaging results.

[0009] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a stratum identification device, the device comprising:

[0010] A reflection wave imaging result determination unit is used to perform reflection wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain a reflection wave imaging result, wherein the reflection wave imaging result contains multiple wave interference;

[0011] Diffraction wave imaging result determination unit: used for performing diffraction wave imaging on the stratum to be identified and obtaining the diffraction wave imaging result;

[0012] Position determination unit: used to determine the position of the target formation based on the reflection wave imaging results and the diffraction wave imaging results.

[0013] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, a formation identification method as described in any one of the embodiments of the present invention is implemented.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium storing computer executable instructions, wherein the computer executable instructions, when executed by a computer processor, are used to execute a formation identification method as described in any one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0015] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention determines the spatial position of the real strata in the strata by jointly comparing and analyzing the imaging results of diffraction waves and reflection waves based on the difference in their imaging mechanisms, effectively distinguishes the "false strata" caused by multiple waves in conventional reflection wave seismic imaging, and guides the identification of strata and reservoirs in the seismic exploration process.

[0016] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A flow chart of a formation identification method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A two-dimensional velocity model provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 The reflected wave seismic imaging image provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 The diffraction wave seismic imaging image provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stratum identification device provided in the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0026] Embodiment 1

[0027] Figure 1 A flow chart of a formation identification method is provided for the first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to the situation of judging the real and effective formation of carbonate rock formations. The method can be executed by a formation identification device. The formation identification device can be implemented in the form of hardware and / or software. The formation identification device can be configured in any electronic device with network communication function.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0029] S110, performing reflection wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain a reflection wave imaging result, wherein the reflection wave imaging result contains multiple wave interferences.

[0030] The stratum to be identified may be a stratum that requires effective stratum judgment. For example, the stratum to be identified in the present application may be a carbonate rock stratum. Among them, due to the particularity of its deposition, the carbonate rock stratum still has strong lateral heterogeneity even if it is a continuously deposited stratum. In addition, it is easily further transformed by interlayer karst and fault-controlled karst in the later stage of burial, further increasing its internal heterogeneity.

[0031] Optionally, the stratigraphic depth of the stratum to be identified is greater than or equal to 8,000 meters and less than or equal to 10,000 meters.

[0032] Furthermore, the depth of the stratum to be identified is between 8,000 and 10,000 meters. This is because the wave field information of the ultra-deep strata is complex. When conducting traditional seismic exploration, problems such as complex wave field analysis and increased multi-solution will arise. Therefore, it is difficult and ineffective to achieve wave field identification and separation of ultra-deep strata. The method used in this application can overcome this problem.

[0033] For example, a model of the formation to be identified can be established to verify that the method of the present application can achieve the identification of the real formation. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the model is composed of horizontal layers, depressions, and isolated diffraction points. There is a high-speed layer in the middle of the model, and there is a horizontal interface at the bottom of the model. The model is 8km long horizontally and 4km deep vertically. The horizontal and vertical grid track spacing is 5m. The seismic data is generated by finite difference forward simulation. The shot points and receiving points are evenly distributed on the surface. A total of 401 shots are simulated, and 801 channels are received for each shot. Among them, the shot point can be the location where seismic waves are excited in the field, and the receiving point is the location where seismic waves are received. A shot point is set every 20m, and a receiving point is set every 10m. The principle of finite difference forward simulation is to replace the derivatives of the wave field function in the wave equation with respect to space and time with the corresponding differences.

[0034] Reflection waves are waves that are reflected and refracted at the interface of media with different densities. Multiple waves are generated because some reflection interfaces with large reflection coefficients on the surface or underground cause the primary reflection waves to be reflected back underground. Multiple waves are common interference waves in seismic exploration. The appearance and existence of multiple waves make seismic imaging unrealistic, distort the amplitude, frequency and phase of the reflection waves of the target layer, and affect the authenticity and reliability of seismic imaging. The reflection wave imaging result can be a three-dimensional seismic data body.

[0035] The reflection wave imaging method is used to perform reflection wave imaging on the reflection waves of the formation to be identified, thereby obtaining a reflection wave imaging result. The reflection wave imaging method may be Kirchhoff migration, one-way wave migration, reverse time migration, multi-wave multi-component migration, etc., and the present application does not limit the reflection wave imaging method.

[0036] Optionally, the imaging morphology of the reflected wave and the multiple wave is a downward convex pseudo-hyperbola.

[0037] For example, Figure 2 The model shown in the figure is used to perform reflection wave imaging to obtain the reflection wave imaging as shown in the figure. Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 It can be seen that within 2 to 4 km, the formation artifacts produced by multiple waves appear, and the shape of the event axis is very similar to that of the reflected wave, both of which are convex pseudo-hyperbolas, which makes it difficult to distinguish the reflected wave and the multiple waves in the imaging section. Among them, the formation artifacts can be called "false formations", which are formations that appear in the reflected wave but have no response in the diffraction wave.

[0038] S120, performing diffraction wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result.

[0039] Diffraction waves can be waves caused by places where seismic waves encounter drastic changes in the strata during propagation, such as fault breakpoints, fault edges, stratum pinch points, inhomogeneous bodies, intrusive bodies and the edges of underground reefs in seismic exploration.

[0040] Furthermore, diffraction waves are used for imaging because there will be a certain amount of residual energy in diffraction wave imaging at the interface with strong inhomogeneity, forming a "shadow" of the formation, and the "false formation" caused by multiple waves will be completely suppressed.

[0041] The diffraction wave imaging method is used to perform diffraction wave imaging on the diffraction waves of the stratum to be identified, thereby obtaining a diffraction wave imaging result, which can be a three-dimensional seismic data volume. Among them, the diffraction wave imaging method can be a multiplication imaging condition method and a dip angle domain picking method, etc. This application does not limit the diffraction wave imaging method.

[0042] Furthermore, before performing reflection wave imaging and diffraction wave imaging on the stratum to be identified, it is also necessary to obtain the reflection wave and diffraction wave information, and analyze the collected original acquisition data of seismic exploration to obtain the reflection wave and diffraction wave information. Among them, the original acquisition data of seismic exploration may include the data required for seismic imaging such as the original acquisition shot gather and velocity field, and the diffraction wave and reflection wave information are included in the original acquisition shot gather data record.

[0043] Furthermore, the diffraction waves and reflection waves in the original acquired shot gather data can be separated because there are differences between the diffraction waves and the reflection waves in terms of the time-distance relationship in the data space, the wave field dynamic characteristics, and the time-distance relationship in the imaging space. Based on these differences, the two can be separated.

[0044] Optionally, the imaging form of the diffraction wave is a horizontal event axis.

[0045] The event axis may be a line connecting the same phase (peak or trough) on the seismic record. The horizontal event axis may be a line connecting the same horizontal phase on the seismic record.

[0046] Optionally, performing diffraction wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result includes steps A1-A2:

[0047] Step A1: perform imaging amplitude scanning on the stratum to be identified to obtain the reflection wave Fresnel zone and horizontal phase axis.

[0048] The Fresnel Zone is an ellipsoidal space between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna.

[0049] The collected original acquisition shot gather data of the formation to be identified are analyzed to obtain the common imaging point gather in the dip domain, and the common imaging point gather in the dip domain is imaged and scanned to obtain the Fresnel zone of the reflection wave and the horizontal phase axis of the diffraction wave.

[0050] Step A2: performing amplitude superposition on the horizontal event axes to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result.

[0051] For example, in the process of amplitude stacking of the common imaging point gathers in the dip domain, the Fresnel band of the reflected wave is avoided, and at the same time, the amplitude stacking of the omnidirectional dip gathers is performed on the identified horizontal phase axis to avoid the leakage of the diffraction wave energy and realize the diffraction wave amplitude preservation imaging, such as Figure 4 Among them, the omnidirectional dip gather can construct a weight function curve, which reflects the underground dip distribution through the gather itself, and can effectively calculate the reflected wave and diffracted wave based on the Fresnel zone, thereby achieving targeted high-definition imaging.

[0052] Furthermore, diffraction wave imaging is sensitive to the boundary points existing in the stratum, so it can better display the boundary points of the stratum, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the black and white dots are boundary points in the stratum. Among them, the boundary points can be the inflection points of the stratum interface and the isolated diffraction points, such as Figure 2 shown.

[0053] In the above steps, since the diffraction wave has the characteristic of no multiple reflections, it is possible to avoid the appearance of formation illusions during imaging, and it is also possible to identify the boundary points in the formation well during imaging, thereby improving the accuracy of formation analysis.

[0054] S130: Determine the position of the target stratum according to the reflection wave imaging result and the diffraction wave imaging result.

[0055] The target stratum is the actual stratum among the strata to be identified.

[0056] Optionally, the location of the target stratum, including B1-B2, is determined based on the reflection wave imaging results and the diffraction wave imaging results:

[0057] Step B1: determining at least one boundary point according to the diffraction wave imaging result.

[0058] Exemplarily, according to the diffraction wave imaging result, as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the black and white points are boundary points. Figure 4 There are 7 boundary points in .

[0059] Step B2: taking the stratum in the reflection wave imaging result that matches the boundary point in the diffraction wave imaging result as the target stratum, and determining the position of the target stratum.

[0060] For example, Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the stratum in the reflection wave imaging result that matches the boundary point in the diffraction wave imaging result is the stratum between 0-2 km. This stratum is taken as the target stratum, and its position is between 0-2 km.

[0061] Furthermore, the position of the target formation can be determined based on the reflection wave imaging results and the diffraction wave imaging results. This is because the formation has no response in the diffraction wave but appears in the reflection wave, that is, a "false formation" caused by multiple waves.

[0062] Optionally, the above steps further include:

[0063] The strata in the reflection wave imaging result that do not match the boundary points in the diffraction wave imaging result are regarded as reflection wave interference strata.

[0064] For example, Figure 3 , 4 As shown, the stratum in the reflection wave imaging result that does not match the boundary point in the diffraction wave imaging result is the stratum between 2 and 4 km, and this stratum is regarded as the reflection wave interference stratum.

[0065] For example, during the formation of a stratum, a rift will be formed in the stratum due to the influence of the external tension environment, and the upper sediments of the stratum will be filled in the rift. At this time, a "false stratum" formed by multiple waves will appear in the reflection wave imaging obtained, while the diffraction wave imaging can clearly image the boundary points of the rift in the stratum. By comparing the reflection wave imaging and the diffraction wave imaging, the true position of the target stratum and the stratum disturbed by the reflection wave can be obtained.

[0066] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention determines the spatial position of the real strata in the strata by jointly comparing and analyzing the imaging results of diffraction waves and reflection waves based on the difference in their imaging mechanisms, effectively distinguishes the false strata caused by multiple waves in conventional reflection wave seismic imaging, and guides the identification of strata and reservoirs in the seismic exploration process.

[0067] Embodiment 2

[0068] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a stratum identification device provided in the third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the device includes: a reflection wave imaging result determination module 210, a diffraction wave imaging result determination module 220, and a position determination module 230, wherein:

[0069] Reflection wave imaging result determination module 210: used to perform reflection wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain reflection wave imaging results, wherein the reflection wave imaging results contain multiple wave interference;

[0070] The diffraction wave imaging result determination module 220 is used to perform diffraction wave imaging on the stratum to be identified and obtain the diffraction wave imaging result;

[0071] The position determination module 230 is used to determine the position of the target stratum according to the reflection wave imaging result and the diffraction wave imaging result.

[0072] Optionally, the reflected wave imaging result determination module 210 is specifically configured to:

[0073] The imaging morphology of reflected waves and multiple waves is a downward convex pseudo-hyperbola.

[0074] Optionally, the diffraction wave imaging result determination module 220 is specifically used to:

[0075] The imaging form of the diffraction wave is a horizontal phase axis.

[0076] Optionally, the diffraction wave imaging result determination module 220 includes:

[0077] Imaging amplitude scanning unit: used to perform imaging amplitude scanning on the stratum to be identified, and obtain the reflection wave Fresnel zone and horizontal phase axis;

[0078] The diffraction wave imaging result determination unit is used to perform amplitude superposition on the horizontal event axis to obtain the diffraction wave imaging result.

[0079] Optionally, the location determination module 230 includes:

[0080] A boundary point determination unit: used to determine at least one boundary point according to the diffraction wave imaging result;

[0081] Position determination unit: used to determine the position of the target stratum by taking the stratum that matches the boundary point in the reflection wave imaging result with the diffraction wave imaging result as the target stratum.

[0082] Optionally, the position determination unit is specifically used to:

[0083] The strata in the reflection wave imaging result that do not match the boundary points in the diffraction wave imaging result are regarded as reflection wave interference strata.

[0084] Optionally, the formation identification device further includes:

[0085] Stratum depth determination module: used for the stratigraphic depth of the to-be-identified stratum to be greater than or equal to 8,000 meters and less than or equal to 10,000 meters.

[0086] The stratum identification device provided in the embodiment of the present invention can execute the stratum identification method provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method.

[0087] Embodiment 3

[0088] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided for Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (such as helmets, glasses, watches, etc.) and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention described and / or required herein.

[0089] like Figure 5 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12, a random access memory (RAM) 13, etc., wherein the memory stores a computer program that can be executed by at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 12 or the computer program loaded from the storage unit 18 to the random access memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other through a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0090] A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I / O interface 15, including: an input unit 16, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 18, such as a disk, an optical disk, etc.; and a communication unit 19, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0091] The processor 11 may be a variety of general and / or special processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The processor 11 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as a formation identification method.

[0092] In some embodiments, the formation identification method may be implemented as a computer program, which is tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and / or installed on the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and / or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 13 and executed by the processor 11, one or more steps of the formation identification method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform the formation identification method in any other appropriate manner (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0093] Various implementations of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on chips (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various implementations can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0094] Computer programs for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, so that when the computer program is executed by the processor, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The computer program may be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine as a stand-alone software package, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0095] In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in combination with an instruction execution system, device or equipment. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices or equipment, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. A more specific example of a machine-readable storage medium may include an electrical connection based on one or more lines, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0096] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein may be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the electronic device. Other types of devices may also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user may be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0097] The systems and techniques described herein may be implemented in a computing system that includes backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes frontend components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system may be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a blockchain network, and the Internet.

[0098] A computing system may include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally remote from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The client and server relationship is generated by computer programs running on the corresponding computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system to solve the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability in traditional physical hosts and VPS services.

[0099] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved, and this document does not limit this.

[0100] The above specific implementations do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for stratum identification, characterized in that: include: Performing reflection wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain a reflection wave imaging result, wherein the reflection wave imaging result contains multiple wave interference; Performing diffraction wave imaging on the to-be-identified stratum to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result; The position of the target stratum is determined according to the reflection wave imaging result and the diffraction wave imaging result.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The imaging morphology of the reflected wave and the multiple wave is a downward convex pseudo-hyperbola.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The imaging form of the diffraction wave is a horizontal event axis.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Performing diffraction wave imaging on the to-be-identified stratum to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result includes: Performing imaging amplitude scanning on the stratum to be identified to obtain a reflection wave Fresnel zone and a horizontal phase axis; The horizontal event axes are amplitude superimposed to obtain the diffraction wave imaging result.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining the position of the target stratum according to the reflection wave imaging result and the diffraction wave imaging result includes: Determining at least one boundary point according to the diffraction wave imaging result; The stratum in the reflection wave imaging result that matches the boundary point in the diffraction wave imaging result is taken as the target stratum, and the position of the target stratum is determined.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The method further comprises: The strata in the reflection wave imaging result that do not match the boundary points in the diffraction wave imaging result are regarded as reflection wave interference strata.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The stratum depth of the stratum to be identified is greater than or equal to 8,000 meters and less than or equal to 10,000 meters.

8. A device for identifying strata, characterized in that: include: A reflection wave imaging result determination unit is used to perform reflection wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain a reflection wave imaging result, wherein the reflection wave imaging result contains multiple wave interference; A diffraction wave imaging result determination unit is used to perform diffraction wave imaging on the stratum to be identified to obtain a diffraction wave imaging result; Position determination unit: used to determine the position of the target stratum according to the reflection wave imaging result and the diffraction wave imaging result.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the formation identification method as described in any one of claims 1-7 is implemented.

10. A storage medium storing computer executable instructions, characterized in that: The computer executable instructions are used to perform the formation identification method as described in any one of claims 1-7 when executed by a computer processor.

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