Bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor and a use method. The device comprises a plurality of bionic hair cell discrete resonance units and a snail-shaped sound channel connected with the bionic hair cell discrete resonance units. Each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit is composed of a neck tube and a back cavity, and the neck tube is contracted in the back cavity so as to reduce the occupied structure volume. The method comprises the following steps: determining the number of bionic hair cell discrete resonance units and the appearance and the size of a cochlear sound channel; dividing a frequency band into a plurality of sub-bands, jointly adjusting size parameters of a neck tube and a dorsal cavity in each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit and an arrangement sequence and an arrangement distance of the neck tube and the dorsal cavity on a cochlear sound channel, and iteratively designing a superstructure processor; the combination of the multi-channel measurement results results in an expected response result. The invention enables the development of acoustic devices with advanced hearing functions, which may replace human higher-order acoustic information processing in scenarios dependent on human subjective judgments and experiences.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of sound processing, and in particular relates to a bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The auditory system is a key interface for humans to interact with the external environment and is the main channel for expressing human intelligence. In addition to its basic physical functions such as signal perception and frequency recognition, the auditory system also includes complex psychoacoustic phenomena such as loudness effect and masking effect. Although traditional methods have effectively captured the physical aspects of auditory functions through signal processing and bionic design, these methods are insufficient in addressing high-order psychoacoustic functions for tasks such as sound quality recognition and acoustic diagnosis.

[0003] In traditional acoustic-based damage diagnosis tasks, the ability to identify subtle features is critical but relies heavily on engineering experience and the psychoacoustic functions of the human auditory system. With the advancement of information and intelligent technologies, it is increasingly urgent to improve the efficiency of engineering and technological applications that have traditionally relied on human expertise. The complex electromechanical processes of hair cells, basilar membranes, and auditory nerve systems underlie these psychoacoustic functions of the auditory system, which have not been accurately replicated by existing technologies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new technologies that can faithfully reproduce and enhance these complex information processing functions in the auditory system. As the development of bionic hearing systems continues to lag behind biological hearing systems, there is still a lot of information to be gleaned from biological structures. Hair cells, especially outer hair cells (OHCs), are an important component of the human cochlea and are responsible for complex functions such as frequency selection, amplification modulation, and acoustic-to-electrical conversion. OHCs are located on the basilar membrane of the cochlea and regulate the state of cochlear traveling waves through their unique mechanical and motor functions. Influenced by external ion gradients, the physical properties of the cochlear segments are regulated by internal pressure motor proteins that change the shape and mechanical state of the cochlear segments, thereby regulating the vibration response of the basilar membrane. This capability allows OHCs to contribute energy to amplify the vibration amplitude of the traveling wave, counteracting the dissipative effects of the lymphatic fluid. Thousands of discrete OHCs distributed across different regions of the basilar membrane serve as examples of complex mechanical modulation and multichannel acquisition, which could inspire the development of artificial hearing systems.

[0004] Due to the complex biological composition and working environment of OHCs, it is unrealistic to directly copy their structure to build acoustic processing devices. In recent years, acoustic superstructures have attracted increasing attention due to their excellent acoustic wave control capabilities. Artificial subwavelength structural materials can achieve extraordinary physical properties beyond nature, such as sound absorption, sound insulation, wave modulation, and acoustic imaging. Superstructure theory provides a way to simulate auditory functions using simple and regular mechanical structures. Auditory bionic devices generally use resonant structures such as membranes, beams, and resonators. The width parameter of the membrane resonant structure is constantly changing, so that its different positions correspond to different frequencies. Placing microelectrode sensors at different membrane positions can simultaneously measure vibrations at multiple frequency points. However, the vibration amplification effect of the membrane structure is not a monochromatic parameter, so it is difficult to extract the target sound in a noisy environment. The beam structure and the Helmholtz resonant structure are composed of graded resonant units of different lengths. Combining the multi-channel measurement results of discrete units can realize the simultaneous acquisition of multiple points in the broadband domain, and the addition of some electronic control devices can also realize the active control of the signal. Compared with the membrane structure, the resonator array has superior amplification performance and improves the acoustic capability of the system in a noisy environment.

[0005] Inspired by OHCs, mechanical structures are the main modulation part of sound processing systems. However, previous biomimetic devices only used superstructures as filtering components, and did not fully integrate their wave modulation functions to obtain signals with specific desired waveforms, and did not consider the simulation of psychoacoustics, which is particularly important in replicating the auditory responses of humans or other animals. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the passive modulation function of superstructures to achieve customized tuning of broadband sound waves, so as to build biomimetic integrated superprocessors with complex acoustic functions. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing superstructure-based sound processing devices, and to provide a bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor and a method of use, which are used to achieve bandpass filtering, rainbow capture and amplitude tuning of sound waves in a complex sound environment, while realizing physical and psychoacoustic functions, and can customize the adjustment response according to the actual application scenario.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor comprises a plurality of bionic hair cell discrete resonance units and a snail-shaped sound channel connecting the bionic hair cell discrete resonance units; each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit consists of a neck tube and a back cavity, and the neck tube is retracted into the back cavity to reduce the volume occupied by the structure.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit is used to simulate the structural and functional characteristics of hair cells, and the customized design of the operating frequency band and sound wave tuning amplitude of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit is achieved by adjusting the structural parameters of the neck tube and the back cavity to meet different sound processing requirements.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that when sound waves enter the processor from the sound channel, the bionic hair cell discrete resonance units arranged thereon respectively complete resonance capture and amplitude modulation of the sound waves within their respective designed frequency bands, generate response sound pressure within the set frequency band in the cavity of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit, and form a complete response through a discrete set of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that the snail-shaped acoustic channel satisfies the equation: , where a, b, and n are constants that control the size, shape, and number of vortex lines.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the size design of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit satisfies the parameterized equation ; in and are the target response amplitude and center frequency respectively, is the resonant volume flow velocity, is the resonant impedance, and They are the system equivalent sound quality and equivalent sound capacity respectively.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the parameters of the neck tube and the back cavity are adjusted according to the design gain and frequency band target.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that, based on the frequency band design, the device can realize multi-channel acquisition and rainbow capture of complex acoustic signals.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit can realize a bandpass filtering function based on resonance amplification in its own frequency band.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit can complete customized gain of sound waves in its own frequency band, and simulate the auditory loudness characteristics of psychoacoustics through mutual coupling, thereby realizing a passive modulation function based on a superstructure.

[0016] A method for using a bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor, comprising: 1) According to the target frequency band and number of channels, determine the number of discrete resonant units of bionic hair cells and the shape and size of the cochlear sound channel; 2) According to the frequency range of the required waveform and the target waveform, the frequency band is divided into multiple sub-bands, and the size parameters of the neck tube and the dorsal cavity in each bionic hair cell discrete resonant unit and their arrangement order and arrangement distance on the cochlear sound channel are jointly adjusted. The response amplitude and frequency characteristics of the super-structure processor are iteratively designed to correspond to the response within the expected response sub-band; 3) The sound pressure information inside the back cavity of each discrete resonance unit of the bionic hair cell is measured separately, and the expected response result is obtained by combining the multi-channel measurement results.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When the sound wave enters the processor from the sound channel, each unit arranged on it completes the resonance capture of the sound wave within its own design frequency band and performs amplitude modulation, generates the response sound pressure within the set frequency band in each unit cavity, and forms a complete response through the discrete set of each unit; 2. Through the design of discrete resonant unit structure, the expected frequency band bandpass filtering can be achieved, thereby obtaining the target signal within a specific frequency range, which can be widely used in the capture of acoustic signals in various environments; 3. Through the resonance amplification effect of discrete resonant units, the psychoacoustic masking effect can be simulated, thereby improving the system signal-to-noise ratio and can be applied to noisy environments; 4. By designing the response gain of each discrete resonant unit, the desired response of the acoustic wave amplitude gain in each frequency band can be customized, so that the signal strength meets specific engineering requirements; 5. Through the combination of multiple discrete resonant units, segmented multi-channel acquisition of broadband signals can be realized, rainbow capture of complex sound signals can be achieved, and sound energy acquisition imaging can be completed. At the same time, the frequency domain combination of amplitude modulation of each frequency band can complete the amplitude regulation processing of broadband signals, thereby simulating sound processing modulation similar to psychoacoustic loudness characteristics; 6. The structure of discrete acoustic units is simple and regular, the overall array combination is beautiful, and each unit has many design factors. The frequency and amplitude can be adjusted by changing the size parameters of the neck tube and the back cavity, and the acoustic processing performance can be customized according to the actual working conditions; 7. The volume occupancy is reduced and the space utilization is improved through the neck shrinkage treatment of the discrete resonance unit and the snail curling treatment of the sound channel structure, so it can be applied to various complex working conditions; 8. Through the passive modulation of the mechanical structure, a variety of sound processing functions are stably and reliably realized, giving full play to the sound wave modulation performance of the superstructure in the sound processing device, simplifying the system structure, reducing the cost of sound signal acquisition and the degree of interference to a certain extent, and ensuring the integrity of the sound information; 9. The device captures the set frequency band of the sound wave through resonance amplification and masking effect, thereby improving the system signal-to-noise ratio. The modulation performance of discrete units varies, and the overall form of different response envelopes; 10. Adjustable simulation of psychoacoustic characteristics such as masking effect and loudness response can simulate the subjective perception characteristics of humans and other animals, thereby completing some projects and research affected by subjective experience and feelings.

[0018] In summary, the present invention proposes a method for acoustic wave structure modulation based on outer hair cell (OHCs) bionics. The frequency-amplitude dual adjustment design method based on the superstructure can construct a bionic, multifunctional integrated acoustic superprocessor. The structure of the device is simple and regular, the overall array combination is beautiful, and each unit has many design factors. By changing the size parameters of the neck tube and the back cavity, the frequency and amplitude can be adjusted, and the acoustic processing performance can be customized according to the actual working conditions. At the same time, the volume occupancy is reduced and the space utilization rate is improved by the neck tube shrinkage treatment of the discrete resonant unit and the snail curling treatment of the sound channel structure, so that it can be applied to various complex working conditions. The multi-band division of the discrete resonant unit for the wide frequency domain realizes the segmented bandpass filtering function, and at the same time, the system signal-to-noise ratio is improved based on the masking effect and the resonance amplification characteristics, and it can be flexibly customized according to the target frequency range. The resonance response gain control of the discrete unit can obtain the desired amplitude in each frequency band and realize the customized design of the response. The multi-channel combination acquisition of each discrete unit realizes the rainbow capture of the wide frequency domain signal and completes the acoustic energy acquisition imaging. At the same time, the frequency domain combination of multi-channel response modulation realizes broadband signal amplitude modulation, which can realize the desired adjustment of sound waves according to actual needs. Through the passive modulation of the mechanical structure, a variety of sound processing functions are stably and reliably realized, giving full play to the sound wave modulation performance of the superstructure in the sound processing device, simplifying the system structure, reducing the cost of sound signal acquisition and the degree of interference to a certain extent, and ensuring the integrity of the sound information. The adjustable simulation of psychoacoustic characteristics such as masking effect and loudness response can realize the simulation of the subjective feeling characteristics of humans and other animals, thereby completing some engineering and research affected by subjective experience and feelings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 a is the structural diagram of the bionic acoustic function integrated superprocessor; Figure 1 b is a schematic diagram of the structure of a discrete resonator unit on a superprocessor; Figure 1 c is the multi-sound pressure response of a basic subunit and its sound pressure response cloud image in the air domain; Figure 2 a is the response amplitude of subunits 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 in their respective resonance frequency bands; Figure 2b is the multi-resonance of the superprocessor, showing only the cloud diagrams at four resonant frequencies; Figure 2 c is the broadband bandpass filtering division of the superprocessor; Figure 2 d is the rainbow capture cloud image of the superprocessor; Figure 3 a is the three-dimensional surface diagram of the response of 14 discrete resonant units; Figure 3 b is the broadband frequency response modulation of the superprocessor; Figure 4 a is a superprocessor acoustic test system; Figure 4 b is the multi-channel time domain, frequency domain response and operating frequency band of 14 discrete resonant units; Figure 5 a is the physical model of the superprocessor and the three-dimensional surface diagram of the experimental filter response; Figure 5 b is the response sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio of the superprocessor to the input sound wave under natural background noise; Figure 6 a is the three-dimensional surface diagram of the experimental response of the superprocessor; Figure 6 b is the experimental modulation curve of the peak point fitting of the multi-channel discrete resonance unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical scheme in the implementation case of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the relevant calculation and measurement results of the implementation case of the present invention in the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the implementation case described is only a part of the implementation case of the present invention, not all the implementation cases. Based on the implementation case in the present invention, all other implementation cases obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1 The present invention provides a bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor, which is mainly composed of a plurality of bionic hair cell discrete resonance units 1 with different working frequency bands and response gains and a cochlear sound channel 2 connecting each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1; each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1 is composed of a neck tube 3 and a back cavity 4, and some longer neck tubes 3 are retracted in the back cavity 4 to reduce the volume occupied by the structure.

[0022] In this embodiment, each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1 simulates the structural and functional characteristics of hair cells, and the operating frequency band and sound wave tuning amplitude of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1 are customized by adjusting the structural parameters of the neck tube 3 and the back cavity 4 to meet different sound processing requirements.

[0023] In this embodiment, when the sound wave enters the processor from the sound channel, each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1 arranged thereon completes resonance capture and amplitude modulation of the sound wave within its respective design frequency band, generates a response sound pressure within the set frequency band in the cavity of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1, and a complete response is formed by a discrete set of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1.

[0024] In this embodiment, the snail-shaped acoustic channel 2 satisfies the equation: , where a, b, and n are constants that control the size, shape, and number of vortex lines.

[0025] In this embodiment, the size of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1 is designed to satisfy the parameterized equation , the parameters of the neck tube 3 and the back cavity 4 are adjusted according to the design gain and frequency band targets.

[0026] In this embodiment, based on the frequency band design, the device can realize multi-channel acquisition and rainbow capture of complex sound signals. Each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1 can realize the bandpass filtering function based on resonance amplification in its own frequency band, thereby improving the system signal-to-noise ratio by simulating the masking effect of psychoacoustics.

[0027] In this embodiment, the hair cell bionic superstructure designed by the device using the bionic design concept has the characteristics of simple rules and beautiful appearance, ensuring the simplicity of production.

[0028] The designed purely passive superstructure with the characteristics of cochlear hair cells provides a new design idea for constructing functional bionic devices with complex processing functions and diverse sound wave processing functions.

[0029] The device can not only realize the bandpass filtering function, but also complete the passive control of sound waves through mechanical modulation, and can realize stable and reliable sound processing function in complex sound environments.

[0030] The device captures the set frequency band of sound waves through resonance amplification and masking effects, thereby improving the system signal-to-noise ratio. The discrete units have different modulation performances, and the overall form of response envelopes is different.

[0031] The device reproduces human hearing to a certain extent by simulating psychoacoustic functions, and provides a way to establish a system to solve problems that traditionally rely on human senses and engineering experience.

[0032] Example 2 The present invention provides a method for using a bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor, comprising: 1) According to the target frequency band and the number of channels, determine the number of bionic hair cell discrete resonance units 1 and the shape and size of the snail-shaped sound channel 2; 2) According to the frequency range of the required waveform and the target waveform, the frequency band is divided into multiple sub-bands, and the size parameters of the neck tube 3 and the back cavity 4 in each bionic hair cell discrete resonant unit 1 and the arrangement order and arrangement distance thereof on the cochlear sound channel 2 are jointly adjusted, and the response amplitude and frequency characteristics of the super-structure processor are iteratively designed to correspond to the response within the expected response sub-band; 3) The sound pressure information inside the back cavity 4 of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit 1 is measured respectively, and the expected response result is obtained by combining the multi-channel measurement results.

[0033] Example 3 1. Discrete unit response analysis based on resonance theory The hyperprocessor uses a Helmholtz resonator as a basic subunit. The air in the cavity of the resonant unit and the air in the tube can be likened to a spring-mass system. When interacting with sound waves, the air column on the unit neck tube is equivalent to a mass block that vibrates up and down, and the air in the cavity can be likened to a spring that pushes and pulls the mass block. When the frequency of the incident sound wave is close to the frequency of the resonant element, a resonant response will occur in the cavity. The vibration equation of the resonant cavity is: (2) in is the volume flow rate in the neck, is the resonant frequency, The sound wave is its resonant amplitude, is its resonant angular frequency, is the sound quality, is the acoustic resistance, is the sound capacity, and their respective calculation formulas are as follows: (3) in The mass of the air column in the neck, Additional mass due to sound radiation, Viscous damping caused by friction of the neck wall, is the radiation acoustic resistance caused by acoustic radiation, For the spring force, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the neck. These quantities are related to the size parameters of the resonant unit, as well as the parameters of the solid material and the dielectric material. Volume flow rate With sound pressure The relationship between them is as follows: (4) in, is the total impedance of the resonant structure: (5) At the same time, its resonant frequency The expression is: (6) There are six adjustable parameters in the subunit: the diameter of the neck , neck length , Wall thickness of the inner shrink tube , Fixed extension length of the neck , the diameter of the back cavity and the length of the back cavity According to the resonance theory, the impedance of the subunit is adjusted, and its response is designed and optimized to achieve two-way control of frequency and amplitude, which includes three parts: sound quality 、Voice and acoustic resistance : (7) (8) (9) In the formula, is the medium sound speed, is the cross-sectional area of ​​the neck, is the cavity volume, is the angular frequency of the sound wave, is the kinematic viscosity coefficient in the medium, is the medium density. According to the above formula, the changes of the six structural parameters will affect the response of the superprocessor. The size of the neck tube is the main parameter affecting the acoustic quality and resistance of the subunit. The acoustic capacity is mainly affected by the cavity volume. Considering the unique distribution of air in the cavity, the effective influence area of ​​the back cavity (the ratio of the neck tube to the back cavity cross section) will also affect the acoustic capacity term, but it is ignored because its influence is small.

[0034] 2. Design of bionic acoustic function integrated superprocessor structure based on iterative method like Figure 1 Figure a shows the overall structure of the bionic acoustic function integrated superprocessor, which consists of multiple discrete array resonant units and a snail-shaped sound channel. Figure 1 b. The structural parameters of each resonant subunit inside the superprocessor can be adjusted. Some subunits with longer necks are designed with inward necks to reduce the volume occupied. Suppose the parameter matrix is . Give the target response , Parameter range , Step Length and acceptable error range , set the origin parameters , get the initial response First, determine the adjustment direction : (11) Adjust the structural parameters according to the target amplitude and obtain new parameters: (12) in, is the new parameter obtained by adjusting the original parameter. By repeating the calculation process, the iterative response result is obtained. , and then further iterate the frequency term to calculate and The above is an iterative cycle. The comprehensive adjustment of different parameters makes the theoretical response approach the acceptable error range of the target, and the required sub-unit is obtained through simulation coordination adjustment. Figure 1 c shows the response of a subunit designed using the above method, which has a bandpass filtering effect around 750 Hz and a peak response of 0.3 Pa.

[0035] Considering the sound absorption effect of each resonant unit, the sound wave interacting with the subunit is not a fixed amplitude signal. The sound absorption of the previous subunit changes the input of the next subunit, so the design of the superprocessor needs to be optimized. When the sound signal propagates in the sound channel, it continues to move along the axis after being affected by the top subunit, so the input of the subsequent subunit is the residual sound wave after the resonance. The acoustic resistance ratio of the subunit Harmonic reactance ratio as follows: (13) (14) in, is the area of ​​the cavity segment. On this basis, the theoretical sound absorption coefficient is as follows: (15) Since the spiral channel and the coupling response of each subunit will affect the phase of the wave vector, in order to simplify the processing, the phase information of the incident wave of each subunit is adjusted to the initial phase. According to the theoretical sound absorption coefficient, the incident sound wave parameters of subunit n+1 after the action of subunit n are obtained: : (16) In the formula, is the acoustic resistance ratio of subunit i, is the acoustic reactance ratio of subunit i. It is obvious that there is a series coupling between the response of the subunit far away from the tail and the previous subunit, and the response of the overall superprocessor is affected by the arrangement. The farther away from the high-frequency area of ​​the tail, the more subunit coupling objects there are, and the greater the influence of its response on the parameters. In order to ensure the design accuracy, the superposition parameters are reduced, and the parameters are determined from the high-frequency area to determine the coupling effect. In the theoretical design, the unacted sound waves are ignored, and the remaining sound waves after the previous subunit acts are used as all incident signals of the subsequent subunits. Ignore its phase change to determine the design direction. In the actual design, the above theory is used as a guide, and the simulation results are combined for comprehensive design.

[0036] (III) Signal amplification, bandpass filtering and rainbow capture characteristics of the superprocessor like Figure 2 As shown in a, under the stimulation of variable frequency sound waves with a constant amplitude of 1Pa, the subunits of the superprocessor (only 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 are shown) amplify the sound wave amplitude near its resonant frequency. Since the sound wave is incident from the high-frequency end, its inherent high-frequency signal is absorbed by the previous subunit, so that the response of the subsequent subunit starts to rise from the incident intensity as the frequency increases before resonance, and drops sharply to an intensity lower than the incident intensity after resonance. After the resonant frequency, when the sound frequency continues to increase, the subunit response gradually approaches 0. In addition to the central peak, the response is also composed of a series of linearly arranged side lobes, which are cooperative coupling peaks generated by the interaction of subunits. Compared with the high-frequency region, the gain effect of the low-frequency region on the sound wave amplitude is weaker, similar to the cochlear vibration modulated by OHCs. Since the background noise is generally lower than 100 Hz, during the sound wave sensing process, the signal amplification characteristics of the superprocessor at high frequencies enable it to have a higher signal-to-noise ratio and more accurate observation and processing of the input signal. Figure 2 b shows the resonant response of the superprocessor under acoustic stimulation of different frequencies. As the frequency of the incident sound wave increases, the subunits that undergo resonant response gradually move from the top to the bottom of the cochlear line, which is similar to the frequency response of the cochlea under the control of OHCs. The entire superprocessor has 14 main resonant modes between 100 Hz and 2700 Hz.

[0037] Based on the above signal amplification characteristics, the bandpass filtering characteristics of the bionic multifunctional integrated acoustic superprocessor can be further obtained. Figure 2c shows the distribution of the response band of the superprocessor by position, with the ordinate being the ratio of the distance between the subunit and the top to the total length. The superprocessor divides the frequency range from 100 Hz to 2700 Hz into 14 parts, and each subunit is responsible for signal capture and processing within a frequency band to achieve rainbow capture based on the masking effect. The gain-modulated sound waves in the resonant frequency band have a masking effect on sound waves of other frequencies, making the subunit exhibit obvious frequency selectivity. As the resonant frequency of the subunit increases, its resonant influence band gradually widens, reflecting the advantage of the superstructure in modulating sound waves using the subwavelength structural size. Figure 2 The contour plot in d intuitively shows how the response sound pressure of the superprocessor varies with position and frequency. The highlighted part is the main resonant response envelope area of ​​the superprocessor, which is discretely distributed in space and continuously distributed in the frequency domain. As the position and frequency parameters increase, the amplitude and range of the response gradually increase. Similar to the traveling wave response modulated by OHCs, different positions have different responses under different frequency acoustic stimuli.

[0038] 4. Amplitude Adjustability and Weighted Modulation Characteristics of the Superprocessor Figure 3 a shows the responses of 14 subunits in the superprocessor calculated by COMSOL multiphysics software. During the simulation, a domain point probe was set on the top of each subunit of the model to detect the internal response of its cavity. Based on the dual adjustable characteristics of the superprocessor frequency and amplitude, the resonant response of the subunit in each frequency band was designed to conform to the trend of the A-weighted curve. The presence of 14 sound capture and processing channels allows the superprocessor to have 14 different main response peaks. According to the trend of the A-weighted curve, the resonant response gain peaks of the 14 subunits in each frequency band are designed to construct a device capable of weighted modulation of sound waves. Under the stimulation of 1Pa sound waves, the superprocessor produces 14 resonant response peaks. Figure 3 b is the response curve obtained by linear processing of 14 peak sound pressure levels. They are processed to match their order of magnitude, the formula is: (1) in is the resonant response of 14 subunits, is a standard reference of 1 Pa, is the reference level value that needs to be subtracted to unify the response of STL and A-weighted curves, which is 18 dB in the simulation. Similar to the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the cochlea, the superprocessor is significantly more sensitive to high frequencies than low frequencies in the range of 20 Hz to 2700 Hz. By comparison, it can be seen that the resonance peak response of the superprocessor after acoustic wave modulation is consistent with the change trend of the A-weighted curve. This shows that the device can use the acoustic modulation of the superstructure to achieve weighted preprocessing of the signal before digital conversion. The dominant position of passive mechanical modulation ensures the stability of the adjustment process.

[0039] (V) 3D printed superprocessor for signal amplification, bandpass filtering, rainbow capture and weighted modulation use Figure 4 The test system shown in a experimentally tests the superprocessor. Similar to the simulation, the sound waves emitted by the speaker are incident through the high-frequency end at the bottom of the superprocessor sound channel. Each resonant subunit produces a resonant response and then dissipates from the other end. During the measurement, an acoustic probe is used to measure the response sound pressure in the cavity of the superprocessor subunit under the stimulation of the broadband sound waves emitted by the speaker. When a single subunit is measured, the holes of the remaining units are filled to prevent leakage and crosstalk. Then, the measurement data in the computer is fast Fourier transformed (FFT) to obtain the frequency domain sound pressure response results. The superstructure material uses photosensitive resin, the signal generator controls the speaker to generate broadband sound waves, and the acoustic probe is connected to the data acquisition card to transmit the signal to the computer.

[0040] Figure 4 b The response signal of the superprocessor generated for each subunit, and the subunits are numbered 1 to 14 from bottom to top. Intuitively, each subunit performs signal enhancement on the signal of a specific frequency band, and some coupling enhancement is generated in the adjacent frequency band due to the coupling effect between units. FFT converts a time domain signal with a period of 2s and a step size of 122.1 μs into a frequency domain signal with a frequency of 3200 Hz and a step size of 0.5 Hz. The working peaks generated by the subunits move toward high frequencies from 1 to 14 in sequence, and the frequency band corresponding to the central peak gradually widens. The coupling effect between adjacent subunits causes them to generate coupling peaks near the main frequency band, while the high-order excitation of the low-frequency unit causes them to generate high-order peaks under high-frequency conditions. The high-order peaks of the close-coupled and low-frequency subunits can expand the working frequency band and provide better bandpass filtering performance. The highlighted green area is the working frequency band of each subunit, which covers the frequency range of 100 Hz to 2700 Hz. Similar to the position-frequency correspondence and unique signal capture characteristics of OHCs, the device can stably achieve bandpass filtering and rainbow capture based on the masking effect of resonant amplification, making it an excellent signal collector.

[0041] Figure 5a shows the response pattern of the superprocessor under the set acoustic stimulation and natural background noise. It can be seen from the three-dimensional surface diagram that it can largely suppress the interference of 0Hz~100Hz background noise. The overall response peak is distributed above 100 Hz, and the amplitude is much higher than the background noise. According to the background noise measurement, the response STL of each subunit is calculated according to the equation, and then the noise level is subtracted to obtain the signal-to-noise ratio of the superprocessor under multi-resonance conditions, as shown in Figure 5 b. Reference sound pressure Still 1 Pa, is 0 because there is no reference value. Each subunit produces a high sensitivity STL from -45.95 dB to -19.29 dB at its respective resonance peak. Several high-frequency subunits achieve a high sensitivity of about -20 dB, and if the requirement for amplitude direction control is abandoned, the overall can produce a higher value. According to the time domain data processing of natural background noise, the noise sensitivity STL result is about 71 dB, which can be used as the noise level to calculate the main vibration peak signal-to-noise ratio of each subunit. The high sensitivity level enables the superprocessor to have an overall high signal-to-noise ratio, reaching about 50 dB at high frequencies. The presence of amplitude size adjustment also limits the level of signal-to-noise ratio. Based on rainbow capture and resonant amplification, the device can fully suppress noise from 0Hz to 100Hz. In addition, the device has high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio for signals within the designed frequency band, which can well realize signal acquisition and noise filtering.

[0042] After the noise filtering and rainbow capturing characteristics were verified, the amplitude modulation characteristics were further tested. Figure 6 a is the three-dimensional surface diagram of the response envelope of the superprocessor, and the response is a collection of 14 sub-units. As with the simulation results, the sub-units in their respective operating frequency bands produce a preset resonant response. Using the 14 peak points, the response STL can be calculated according to the equation. Since the design modulation target is the A weighting curve, is +23 dB. By performing linear fitting on the obtained response STL, the A-weighted modulation characteristic curve of the device can be obtained, such as Figure 6 b. In contrast, the STL modulation of the sound wave by the superprocessor is similar to the A-weighted curve, has the same change trend, and has a smaller error. The loss effect of the acoustic channel causes the actual response to show a more dramatic change trend. At the same time, the accuracy of 3D printing and the coupling between sub-units also cause the offset error after peak modulation. The superprocessor can achieve A-weighted amplitude modulation of the input signal amplitude, and its response is similar to the loudness characteristics of the auditory system. It is insensitive to low-frequency signals and is most sensitive to signals around 3000 Hz.

[0043] According to the above data, it can be seen that the technical effects that the present invention can achieve are as follows: In summary, the present invention proposes a method for acoustic wave structure modulation based on outer hair cell (OHCs) bionics. The frequency-amplitude dual adjustment design method based on the superstructure can construct a bionic, multifunctional integrated acoustic superprocessor. The structure of the device is simple and regular, the overall array combination is beautiful, and each unit has many design factors. By changing the size parameters of the neck tube and the back cavity, the frequency and amplitude can be adjusted, and the acoustic processing performance can be customized according to the actual working conditions. At the same time, the volume occupancy is reduced and the space utilization rate is improved by the neck tube shrinkage treatment of the discrete resonant unit and the snail curling treatment of the sound channel structure, so that it can be applied to various complex working conditions. The multi-band division of the discrete resonant unit for the wide frequency domain realizes the segmented bandpass filtering function, and at the same time, the system signal-to-noise ratio is improved based on the masking effect and the resonance amplification characteristics, and it can be flexibly customized according to the target frequency range. The resonance response gain control of the discrete unit can obtain the desired amplitude in each frequency band and realize the customized design of the response. The multi-channel combination acquisition of each discrete unit realizes the rainbow capture of the wide frequency domain signal and completes the acoustic energy acquisition imaging. At the same time, the frequency domain combination of multi-channel response modulation realizes broadband signal amplitude modulation, which can realize the desired adjustment of sound waves according to actual needs. Through the passive modulation of the mechanical structure, a variety of sound processing functions are stably and reliably realized, giving full play to the sound wave modulation performance of the superstructure in the sound processing device, simplifying the system structure, reducing the cost of sound signal acquisition and the degree of interference to a certain extent, and ensuring the integrity of the sound information. The adjustable simulation of psychoacoustic characteristics such as masking effect and loudness response can realize the simulation of the subjective feeling characteristics of humans and other animals, thereby completing some engineering and research affected by subjective experience and feelings.

[0044] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0045] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only to illustrate the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes made on the basis of the technical solution according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of bionic hair cell discrete resonance units (1) and a snail-shaped sound channel (2) connecting the bionic hair cell discrete resonance units (1); each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit (1) is composed of a neck tube (3) and a back cavity (4), and the neck tube (3) is retracted into the back cavity (4) to reduce the volume occupied by the structure.

2. The bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit (1) is used to simulate the structural functional characteristics of hair cells. By adjusting the structural parameters of the neck tube (3) and the back cavity (4), the operating frequency band and the sound wave tuning amplitude of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit (1) can be customized to meet different sound processing requirements.

3. The bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: When sound waves enter the processor from the sound channel, each of the bionic hair cell discrete resonance units (1) arranged thereon completes resonance capture of the sound waves within the respective designed frequency bands and performs amplitude modulation, generates a response sound pressure within the set frequency band in the cavity of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit (1), and forms a complete response through a discrete set of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit (1).

4. The bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The snail-shaped acoustic channel (2) satisfies the equation: , where a, b, and n are constants that control the size, shape, and number of vortex lines.

5. The bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of each bionic hair cell discrete resonant unit (1) is designed to satisfy the parameterized equation ; in and are the target response amplitude and center frequency respectively, is the resonant volume flow velocity, is the resonant impedance, and They are the system equivalent sound quality and equivalent sound capacity respectively.

6. The bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The parameters of the neck tube (3) and the back cavity (4) are adjusted according to the design gain and frequency band targets.

7. The bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the frequency band design, the device can realize multi-channel acquisition and rainbow capture of complex acoustic signals.

8. The bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit (1) can realize a bandpass filtering function based on resonance amplification in its own frequency band.

9. The bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each bionic hair cell discrete resonant unit (1) can complete the customized gain of sound waves in its own frequency band, and simulate the auditory loudness characteristics of psychoacoustics through mutual coupling, thereby realizing the passive modulation function based on the superstructure.

10. A method for using a bionic acoustic function integrated superstructure processor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: 1) According to the target frequency band and the number of channels, determine the number of bionic hair cell discrete resonant units (1) and the shape and size of the snail-shaped sound channel (2); 2) according to the frequency range of the desired waveform and the target waveform, the frequency band is divided into a plurality of sub-bands, the size parameters of the neck tube (3) and the back cavity (4) in each bionic hair cell discrete resonant unit (1) as well as the arrangement order and arrangement distance on the cochlear sound channel (2) are jointly adjusted, and the response amplitude and frequency characteristics of the super-structure processor are iteratively designed to correspond to the response within the expected response sub-band; 3) The sound pressure information inside the back cavity (4) of each bionic hair cell discrete resonance unit (1) is measured respectively, and the expected response result is obtained by combining the multi-channel measurement results.

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