Rubber tree diseased leaf grading tool and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a rubber tree diseased leaf grading tool and a using method thereof. According to the technical scheme, the rubber tree diseased leaf grading tool is characterized by comprising a bearing plate; a comparison model is arranged on the bearing plate; a calibration point is arranged on the comparison model; setting bisectrixes on the comparison model by taking the calibration point as a base point; measuring scales are arranged on one side of the bearing plate; according to the method, the lesion area proportion of the leaf can be quickly judged according to the number of the lesion area on the leaf in the equally divided areas, and the disease grade is determined according to the corresponding disease grading standard, so that the powdery mildew and anthracnose of the rubber tree can be reliably and accurately measured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture and planting, and more specifically, to a tool for grading diseased leaves of rubber trees and a method for using the tool. Background Art

[0002] Rubber trees are important economic forest tree species in my country. Rubber powdery mildew and anthracnose are the most widely distributed diseases in the world's rubber trees and the most serious hazards faced by my country's rubber trees. Rubber powdery mildew and anthracnose are common diseases in the production of natural rubber trees. When the disease is serious, it will cause dry rubber production loss, seed loss, and weakened tree vigor. The defoliation rate of the rubber plantation can reach more than 80% in severe cases. It seriously affects the normal output of the rubber industry and restricts the development of the natural rubber industry. Through continuous monitoring of the occurrence of diseases, the occurrence of rubber powdery mildew and anthracnose can be grasped in time, and targeted spraying and garden cleaning measures can be taken in time to prevent the two diseases of rubber trees from continuing to occur on a large scale and affecting the output benefits of the rubber industry. .

[0003] At present, the monitoring of powdery mildew and anthracnose of rubber trees mainly relies on manual field data collection. The evaluation standards refer to NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Regulations for Monitoring and Forecasting of Powdery Mildew of Rubber Trees" and NY / T1089-2015 "Technical Regulations for Monitoring Tropical Crop Pests and Diseases - Anthracnose of Rubber Trees". According to the technical regulations, the disease grade and overall disease index of rubber tree leaves at the monitoring points are investigated on-site. The judgment method is mainly based on visual estimation. The reliability of data based on human intuitive judgment is greatly affected by subjective factors, and it is impossible to accurately complete the judgment of the diseased leaf classification, and it is impossible to make reliable and accurate measurements of powdery mildew and anthracnose of rubber trees. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a rubber tree diseased leaf grading tool and a method of using the same to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The above technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a rubber tree disease leaf grading tool, comprising: a carrying plate; a comparison model is arranged on the carrying plate; calibration points are arranged on the comparison model; bisectors are arranged on the comparison model with the calibration points as base points; and a measurement scale is arranged on one side of the carrying plate.

[0006] Specifically, when testing the collected leaves, the diseased position of the collected leaves is placed directly in front of the inspector, and the midpoint position is determined after measuring the length of the main vein of the leaf by measuring the scale, and the midpoint position of the leaf is fitted and buckled on the calibration point. Among them, the calibration point is a hole with a depth of 1mm and a radius of 1mm, and the leaf can be fixed at the calibration point by positioning devices such as positioning pins. The bisector divides the comparison model into a specified number of equal parts using irregular shapes, usually 16 parts. The proportion of the lesion area on the leaf can be quickly determined based on the number of equally divided areas, and the disease grade can be determined according to the corresponding disease grading standards.

[0007] Optionally, the comparison model includes: a first blade model, a second blade model and a third blade model; the main vein of the blade is depicted on the first blade model; the calibration point is set at the midpoint of the main vein of the blade; the first blade model, the second blade model and the third blade model are arranged in turn inward with the calibration point as the center and reduced in size at a preset ratio.

[0008] The three leaf models, the first leaf model, the second leaf model and the third leaf model, use the same standard model, only the proportional size is scaled and arranged, which can adapt to leaves of different sizes and quickly judge the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaves.

[0009] Optionally, the first blade model is obtained by taking the blade of the rubber tree species Reyan 73397 as a standard model and engraving it on the bearing plate.

[0010] The leaves of Reyan 73397, the main rubber tree variety currently cultivated in my country, are used as the standard model. The size of the standard model is 10cm*27cm. The leaf models are carved on the carrier board in different proportions and can adapt to most leaves to quickly determine the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaves.

[0011] Optionally, the ratio of the first blade model, the second blade model and the third blade model is 5:3:1.

[0012] Among them, the first blade model is the largest and is consistent with the size of the marked model. The size of the second blade model is 1 / 3 of the first blade model, and the size of the third blade model is 1 / 5 of the first blade model to adapt to blades of different sizes.

[0013] Optionally, there are 7 bisectors; the main leaf vein and the 7 bisectors divide the first leaf model, the second leaf model and the third leaf model into 16 equal parts of equal area.

[0014] The first leaf model, the second leaf model and the third leaf model can be divided into 16 equal parts with the same area through 7 equally divided lines and the main vein of the leaf. The proportion of the lesion area on the leaf can be quickly determined according to the number of equally divided areas, so as to determine the disease grade according to the corresponding disease grading standard.

[0015] Optionally, the supporting plate is an acrylic supporting plate; a tether hole is provided on the supporting plate.

[0016] By setting a tether hole, a thin rope can be fixed on the tether hole, and the thin rope can be tied to a convenient place to carry the carrier. The carrier is set to be a transparent acrylic carrier, which has a high structural strength and meets the durability during field use. In addition, the transparent carrier allows light to pass through the carrier when in use, so that the inspector can observe the diseased position of the leaf, and determine the proportion of the diseased area occupied by the diseased position of the leaf through the bisector and the area reflected on the leaf by the main vein of the leaf.

[0017] The present invention also provides a method for using a tool for grading diseased leaves of rubber trees, comprising:

[0018] Collect leaves to be tested;

[0019] Placing the leaf to be inspected on the grading tool as described above;

[0020] Determine the midpoint of the main vein of the blade to be tested, and place the midpoint of the main vein of the blade to be tested at the calibration point on the bearing plate by fitting the buckle;

[0021] Determine the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaves to be tested by dividing the lines equally;

[0022] The disease level of the leaf to be tested is determined according to the diseased area ratio and the grading standard.

[0023] Specifically, by manually collecting leaves and carefully observing the occurrence of leaf diseases, after determining the location of leaf lesions, the leaf disease location is placed directly in front of the inspector, and the midpoint of the main vein of the leaf is determined. The midpoint of the main vein of the leaf is fitted and buckled at the calibration point of the carrier plate to make the leaf fit the comparison model, and the comparison model is used as a benchmark to divide the leaves by equal lines, and identify the proportion of the diseased area in the leaves, and then refer to NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Regulations for Rubber Tree Powdery Mildew Monitoring" and NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Regulations for Tropical Crop Disease and Pest Monitoring Rubber Tree Anthracnose" to determine the disease level of the leaves. Because the field detection environment is poor, and the inspectors can use this grading tool to quickly determine the disease level of the leaves after collecting the leaves, without the need to use other equipment.

[0024] Specifically, since three comparison models are set, and the three comparison models are divided into 16 equal parts by the main veins of the leaves and 7 dividing lines on the comparison models, if the size of the leaf is similar to that of the three comparison models, the 16 equal parts divided in the comparison model can be directly compared with the diseased position in the leaf, and the number of areas occupied by the diseased position of the leaf can be determined, thereby determining the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaf, and the disease level of the leaf can be determined according to the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaf.

[0025] Optionally, determining the midpoint position of the main vein of the leaf to be detected includes:

[0026] Measuring the length of the main vein of the leaf to be tested with a measuring scale;

[0027] The midpoint position of the main vein of the leaf to be detected is determined according to the length of the main vein of the leaf.

[0028] By directly measuring the length of the main vein of the leaf with a measuring scale, the midpoint of the main vein of the leaf can be quickly determined.

[0029] Optionally, the determining the diseased area ratio of the leaf to be detected by the bisector includes:

[0030] If the diseased positions of the leaves to be detected are connected in a piece, the diseased area ratio of the leaves to be detected is obtained by calculating the area occupied by the diseased positions of the leaves to be detected and the area framed by the comparison model;

[0031] If the diseased position of the leaf to be detected is discrete in pieces, the areas occupied by the equal dividing lines and the comparison model of each diseased position of the leaf to be detected are superimposed and accumulated to obtain the diseased area ratio of the leaf to be detected.

[0032] Specifically, since the diseased locations on leaves are either connected or discrete, for connected leaves, the diseased area ratio can be obtained by simply determining the area of ​​the leaf occupied by the diseased location through the bisector. For discrete leaves, the diseased area ratio of discrete leaves can be obtained by superimposing and accumulating the locations framed by the bisector and the comparison model combined with the diseased location range.

[0033] Optionally, determining the disease level of the leaf to be detected according to the diseased area ratio and the grading standard includes:

[0034] If rubber tree powdery mildew is tested, the diseased area of ​​less than 1 / 16 is identified as level 1; the diseased area of ​​1 / 16 to 1 / 8 is identified as level 2; the diseased area of ​​1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is identified as level 3; the diseased area of ​​1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is identified as level 4; the diseased area of ​​1 / 2 to 3 / 4, or the leaves are severely wrinkled, is identified as level 5;

[0035] If the rubber tree is tested for anthracnose, it will be identified as Level 1 if the diseased area accounts for less than 1 / 16 and there are a small number of lesions on the leaves; it will be identified as Level 2 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 16 to 1 / 8 and there are more lesions on the leaves; it will be identified as Level 3 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or the lesions are on the main vein within 1 / 2 of the base of the bronze leaves; it will be identified as Level 4 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or the lesions appear at the base of the bronze leaves or in the bud stage; it will be identified as Level 5 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 2 to 3 / 4, or the leaves are severely deformed, or the leaves fall off, or the buds die.

[0036] Specifically, for powdery mildew, according to NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Procedures for Monitoring and Reporting Powdery Mildew of Rubber Trees", the disease-free area is determined as Level 0, the diseased area below 1 / 16 is determined as Level 1; the diseased area between 1 / 16 and 1 / 8 is determined as Level 2; the diseased area between 1 / 8 and 1 / 4, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is determined as Level 3; the diseased area between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is determined as Level 4; the diseased area between 1 / 2 and 3 / 4, or the leaves are severely wrinkled, is determined as Level 5. For anthracnose, according to NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Procedures for Monitoring Tropical Crop Diseases and Pests - Anthracnose of Rubber Trees", an area of ​​disease that is less than 1 / 16 and has a small number of lesions on the leaves is identified as Level 1; an area of ​​disease that is between 1 / 16 and 1 / 8 and has a large number of lesions on the leaves is identified as Level 2; an area of ​​disease that is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 4, or lesions on the main vein within 1 / 2 of the base of bronze leaves is identified as Level 3; an area of ​​disease that is between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2, or lesions at the base of bronze leaves or lesions at the bud stage is identified as Level 4; an area of ​​disease that is between 1 / 2 and 3 / 4, or leaves are severely deformed, or fall off, or buds die, is identified as Level 5.

[0037] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] When testing the collected leaves, the diseased position of the collected leaves is placed directly in front of the inspector, and the midpoint position is determined after measuring the length of the main vein of the leaf by measuring the scale, and the midpoint position of the leaf is fitted and buckled on the calibration point. Among them, the calibration point is a hole with a depth of 1mm and a radius of 1mm, and the leaf can be fixed at the calibration point by positioning devices such as positioning pins. The bisector divides the comparison model into a specified number of equal parts using irregular shapes, usually 16. The proportion of the lesion area on the leaf can be quickly determined based on the number of equally divided areas, and the disease grade can be determined based on the corresponding disease grading standards, so as to make more reliable and accurate measurements of powdery mildew and anthracnose of rubber trees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the grading tool of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 is a method flow chart of the method of using the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1. load-bearing plate; 2. comparison model; 21. first blade model; 22. second blade model; 23. third blade model; 3. calibration point; 4. bisector; 5. measurement scale; 6. main vein of blade; 7. tether hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0043] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0044] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] This embodiment provides a rubber tree disease leaf classification tool, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a carrying plate 1; a comparison model 2 is arranged on the carrying plate 1; a calibration point 3 is arranged on the comparison model 2; a bisector 4 is arranged on the comparison model 2 with the calibration point 3 as a base point; and a measurement scale 5 is arranged on one side of the carrying plate 1.

[0047] Specifically, when testing the collected leaves, the diseased position of the collected leaves is placed directly in front of the tester, and the midpoint position is determined by measuring the length of the main vein 6 of the leaf through the measuring scale 5, and the midpoint position of the leaf is fitted and buckled on the calibration point 3. Among them, the calibration point 3 is a hole with a depth of 1mm and a radius of 1mm, and the leaf can be fixed at the calibration point 3 by a positioning device such as a positioning pin. The bisector 4 divides the comparison model 2 into a specified number of equal parts using an irregular shape, usually 16. The proportion of the lesion area of ​​the leaf can be quickly determined according to the number of equally divided areas occupied by the lesion area on the leaf, and the disease grade can be determined according to the corresponding disease grading standard.

[0048] Optionally, the comparison model 2 includes: a first blade model 21, a second blade model 22 and a third blade model 23; the blade main vein 6 is engraved on the first blade model 21; the calibration point 3 is set at the midpoint of the blade main vein 6; the first blade model 21, the second blade model 22 and the third blade model 23 are arranged in turn inward with the calibration point 3 as the center and reduced in size at a preset ratio.

[0049] The three leaf models, the first leaf model 21, the second leaf model 22 and the third leaf model 23, adopt the same standard model, and only scale the sizes to adapt to leaves of different sizes and quickly judge the proportion of the lesion area of ​​the leaves.

[0050] Optionally, the first blade model 21 is obtained by engraving on the carrier plate 1 with the blade of the rubber tree species Reyan 73397 as a standard model.

[0051] The leaves of Reyan 73397, the main rubber tree variety currently cultivated in my country, are used as the standard model. The size of the standard model is 10cm*27cm. The leaf models are depicted on the carrier board 1 in different proportions, which can adapt to most leaves to quickly determine the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaves.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] The present embodiment provides a rubber tree disease leaf grading tool, comprising: a supporting plate 1; a comparison model 2 is arranged on the supporting plate 1; a calibration point 3 is arranged on the comparison model 2; an equidistant line 4 is arranged on the comparison model 2 with the calibration point 3 as a base point; and a measuring scale 5 is arranged on one side of the supporting plate 1.

[0054] Specifically, when testing the collected leaves, the diseased position of the collected leaves is placed directly in front of the tester, and the midpoint position is determined by measuring the length of the main vein 6 of the leaf through the measuring scale 5, and the midpoint position of the leaf is fitted and buckled on the calibration point 3. Among them, the calibration point 3 is a hole with a depth of 1mm and a radius of 1mm, and the leaf can be fixed at the calibration point 3 by a positioning device such as a positioning pin. The bisector 4 divides the comparison model 2 into a specified number of equal parts using an irregular shape, usually 16. The proportion of the lesion area of ​​the leaf can be quickly determined according to the number of equally divided areas occupied by the lesion area on the leaf, and the disease grade can be determined according to the corresponding disease grading standard.

[0055] Optionally, the comparison model 2 includes: a first blade model 21, a second blade model 22 and a third blade model 23; the blade main vein 6 is engraved on the first blade model 21; the calibration point 3 is set at the midpoint of the blade main vein 6; the first blade model 21, the second blade model 22 and the third blade model 23 are arranged in turn inward with the calibration point 3 as the center and reduced in size at a preset ratio.

[0056] The three leaf models, the first leaf model 21, the second leaf model 22 and the third leaf model 23, adopt the same standard model, and only scale the sizes to adapt to leaves of different sizes and quickly judge the proportion of the lesion area of ​​the leaves.

[0057] Optionally, the first blade model 21 is obtained by engraving on the carrier plate 1 with the blade of the rubber tree species Reyan 73397 as a standard model.

[0058] The leaves of Reyan 73397, the main rubber tree variety currently cultivated in my country, are used as the standard model. The size of the standard model is 10cm*27cm. The leaf models are depicted on the carrier board 1 in different proportions, which can adapt to most leaves to quickly determine the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaves.

[0059] Optionally, the ratio of the first blade model 21, the second blade model 22 and the third blade model 23 is 5:3:1.

[0060] Among them, the first blade model 21 is the largest and consistent with the size of the marked model. The size of the second blade model 22 is 1 / 3 of the first blade model 21. The size of the third blade model 23 is 1 / 5 of the first blade model 21 to adapt to blades of different sizes.

[0061] Optionally, there are 7 bisectors 4; the blade main veins 6 and the 7 bisectors 4 divide the first blade model 21, the second blade model 22 and the third blade model 23 into 16 equal parts of the same area.

[0062] The first leaf model 21, the second leaf model 22 and the third leaf model 23 can be equally divided into 16 equal parts by the 7 dividing lines 4 and the main vein 6 of the leaf. The proportion of the lesion area on the leaf can be quickly determined according to the number of equally divided areas, thereby determining the disease grade according to the corresponding disease grading standard.

[0063] Embodiment 3

[0064] The present embodiment provides a rubber tree disease leaf grading tool, comprising: a supporting plate 1; a comparison model 2 is arranged on the supporting plate 1; a calibration point 3 is arranged on the comparison model 2; an equidistant line 4 is arranged on the comparison model 2 with the calibration point 3 as a base point; and a measuring scale 5 is arranged on one side of the supporting plate 1.

[0065] Specifically, when testing the collected leaves, the diseased position of the collected leaves is placed directly in front of the tester, and the midpoint position is determined by measuring the length of the main vein 6 of the leaf through the measuring scale 5, and the midpoint position of the leaf is fitted and buckled on the calibration point 3. Among them, the calibration point 3 is a hole with a depth of 1mm and a radius of 1mm, and the leaf can be fixed at the calibration point 3 by a positioning device such as a positioning pin. The bisector 4 divides the comparison model 2 into a specified number of equal parts using an irregular shape, usually 16. The proportion of the lesion area of ​​the leaf can be quickly determined according to the number of equally divided areas occupied by the lesion area on the leaf, and the disease grade can be determined according to the corresponding disease grading standard.

[0066] Optionally, the comparison model 2 includes: a first blade model 21, a second blade model 22 and a third blade model 23; the blade main vein 6 is engraved on the first blade model 21; the calibration point 3 is set at the midpoint of the blade main vein 6; the first blade model 21, the second blade model 22 and the third blade model 23 are arranged in turn inward with the calibration point 3 as the center and reduced in size at a preset ratio.

[0067] The three leaf models, the first leaf model 21, the second leaf model 22 and the third leaf model 23, adopt the same standard model, and only scale the sizes to adapt to leaves of different sizes and quickly judge the proportion of the lesion area of ​​the leaves.

[0068] Optionally, the first blade model 21 is obtained by engraving on the carrier plate 1 with the blade of the rubber tree species Reyan 73397 as a standard model.

[0069] The leaves of Reyan 73397, the main rubber tree variety currently cultivated in my country, are used as the standard model. The size of the standard model is 10cm*27cm. The leaf models are depicted on the carrier board 1 in different proportions, which can adapt to most leaves to quickly determine the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaves.

[0070] Optionally, the ratio of the first blade model 21, the second blade model 22 and the third blade model 23 is 5:3:1.

[0071] Among them, the first blade model 21 is the largest and consistent with the size of the marked model. The size of the second blade model 22 is 1 / 3 of the first blade model 21. The size of the third blade model 23 is 1 / 5 of the first blade model 21 to adapt to blades of different sizes.

[0072] Optionally, there are 7 bisectors 4; the blade main veins 6 and the 7 bisectors 4 divide the first blade model 21, the second blade model 22 and the third blade model 23 into 16 equal parts of the same area.

[0073] The first leaf model 21, the second leaf model 22 and the third leaf model 23 can be equally divided into 16 equal parts by the 7 dividing lines 4 and the main vein 6 of the leaf. The proportion of the lesion area on the leaf can be quickly determined according to the number of equally divided areas, thereby determining the disease grade according to the corresponding disease grading standard.

[0074] Optionally, the carrying plate 1 is an acrylic carrying plate 1 ; a tether hole 7 is provided on the carrying plate 1 .

[0075] By setting the tether hole 7, a thin rope can be fixed on the tether hole 7, and the thin rope can be tied to a convenient place to carry the carrying board 1. The carrying board 1 is set to be a transparent acrylic carrying board 1, which has a high structural strength and meets the durability during field use. In addition, the transparent carrying board 1 can allow light to pass through the carrying board 1 when in use, so that the inspection personnel can observe the diseased position of the leaf, and determine the proportion of the diseased area occupied by the diseased position of the leaf through the area reflected on the leaf by the bisector 4 and the main vein 6 of the leaf.

[0076] Embodiment 4

[0077] This embodiment provides a method for using a tool for grading diseased leaves of rubber trees, comprising:

[0078] Collect leaves to be tested;

[0079] Placing the leaf to be inspected on the grading tool as described above;

[0080] Determine the midpoint of the main vein of the blade to be tested, and place the midpoint of the main vein of the blade to be tested at the calibration point on the bearing plate by fitting the buckle;

[0081] Determine the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaves to be tested by dividing the lines equally;

[0082] The disease level of the leaf to be tested is determined according to the diseased area ratio and the grading standard.

[0083] Specifically, by manually collecting leaves and carefully observing the occurrence of leaf diseases, after determining the location of leaf lesions, the leaf disease location is placed directly in front of the inspector, and the midpoint of the main vein of the leaf is determined. The midpoint of the main vein of the leaf is fitted and buckled at the calibration point of the carrier plate to make the leaf fit the comparison model, and the comparison model is used as a benchmark to divide the leaves by equal lines, and identify the proportion of the diseased area in the leaves, and then refer to NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Regulations for Rubber Tree Powdery Mildew Monitoring" and NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Regulations for Tropical Crop Disease and Pest Monitoring Rubber Tree Anthracnose" to determine the disease level of the leaves. Because the field detection environment is poor, and the inspectors can use this grading tool to quickly determine the disease level of the leaves after collecting the leaves, without the need to use other equipment.

[0084] Specifically, since three comparison models are set, and the three comparison models are divided into 16 equal parts by the main veins of the leaves and 7 dividing lines on the comparison models, if the size of the leaf is similar to that of the three comparison models, the 16 equal parts divided in the comparison model can be directly compared with the diseased position in the leaf, and the number of areas occupied by the diseased position of the leaf can be determined, thereby determining the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaf, and the disease level of the leaf can be determined according to the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaf.

[0085] Optionally, determining the midpoint position of the main vein of the leaf to be detected includes:

[0086] Measuring the length of the main vein of the leaf to be tested with a measuring scale;

[0087] The midpoint position of the main vein of the leaf to be detected is determined according to the length of the main vein of the leaf.

[0088] By directly measuring the length of the main vein of the leaf with a measuring scale, the midpoint of the main vein of the leaf can be quickly determined.

[0089] Optionally, the determining the diseased area ratio of the leaf to be detected by the bisector includes:

[0090] If the diseased positions of the leaves to be detected are connected in a piece, the diseased area ratio of the leaves to be detected is obtained by calculating the area occupied by the diseased positions of the leaves to be detected and the area framed by the comparison model;

[0091] If the diseased position of the leaf to be detected is discrete in pieces, the areas occupied by the equal dividing lines and the comparison model of each diseased position of the leaf to be detected are superimposed and accumulated to obtain the diseased area ratio of the leaf to be detected.

[0092] Specifically, since the diseased locations on leaves are either connected or discrete, for connected leaves, the diseased area ratio can be obtained by simply determining the area of ​​the leaf occupied by the diseased location through the bisector. For discrete leaves, the diseased area ratio of discrete leaves can be obtained by superimposing and accumulating the locations framed by the bisector and the comparison model combined with the diseased location range.

[0093] Optionally, determining the disease level of the leaf to be detected according to the diseased area ratio and the grading standard includes:

[0094] If rubber tree powdery mildew is tested, the diseased area of ​​less than 1 / 16 is identified as level 1; the diseased area of ​​1 / 16 to 1 / 8 is identified as level 2; the diseased area of ​​1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is identified as level 3; the diseased area of ​​1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is identified as level 4; the diseased area of ​​1 / 2 to 3 / 4, or the leaves are severely wrinkled, is identified as level 5;

[0095] If the rubber tree is tested for anthracnose, it will be identified as Level 1 if the diseased area accounts for less than 1 / 16 and there are a small number of lesions on the leaves; it will be identified as Level 2 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 16 to 1 / 8 and there are more lesions on the leaves; it will be identified as Level 3 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or the lesions are on the main vein within 1 / 2 of the base of the bronze leaves; it will be identified as Level 4 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or the lesions appear at the base of the bronze leaves or in the bud stage; it will be identified as Level 5 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 2 to 3 / 4, or the leaves are severely deformed, or the leaves fall off, or the buds die.

[0096] Specifically, for powdery mildew, according to NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Procedures for Monitoring and Reporting Powdery Mildew of Rubber Trees", the disease-free area is determined as Level 0, the diseased area below 1 / 16 is determined as Level 1; the diseased area between 1 / 16 and 1 / 8 is determined as Level 2; the diseased area between 1 / 8 and 1 / 4, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is determined as Level 3; the diseased area between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is determined as Level 4; the diseased area between 1 / 2 and 3 / 4, or the leaves are severely wrinkled, is determined as Level 5. For anthracnose, according to NY / T 1089-2015 "Technical Procedures for Monitoring Tropical Crop Diseases and Pests - Anthracnose of Rubber Trees", an area of ​​disease that is less than 1 / 16 and has a small number of lesions on the leaves is identified as Level 1; an area of ​​disease that is between 1 / 16 and 1 / 8 and has a large number of lesions on the leaves is identified as Level 2; an area of ​​disease that is between 1 / 8 and 1 / 4, or lesions on the main vein within 1 / 2 of the base of bronze leaves is identified as Level 3; an area of ​​disease that is between 1 / 4 and 1 / 2, or lesions at the base of bronze leaves or lesions at the bud stage is identified as Level 4; an area of ​​disease that is between 1 / 2 and 3 / 4, or leaves are severely deformed, or fall off, or buds die, is identified as Level 5.

[0097] Embodiment 5

[0098] This embodiment provides a method for using a tool for grading diseased leaves of rubber trees, comprising:

[0099] After placing the leaf on the carrier plate, taking the bisector line and the main vein of the leaf as reference lines, obtaining image information of the leaf on the carrier plate;

[0100] Identify the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaf to the diseased location according to the graphic information;

[0101] The disease grade of the leaves is determined based on the proportion of the diseased area.

[0102] Among them, the bisector and the main vein of the leaf are used as the reference lines, and the view frame is set on the page for obtaining graphic information, and the bisector and the main vein of the leaf are set as the positioning reference lines. When obtaining the image information of the leaf on the carrier plate, the four corners of the view frame are overlapped with the four corners of the carrier plate, and the positioning reference line is overlapped with the bisector and the main vein of the leaf. At this time, the image information obtained is determined to be valid, and then the carrier plate carrying the leaf is photographed to generate image information. According to the image information, the proportion of the diseased area occupied by the diseased position on the leaf corresponding to the leaf area can be quickly identified, so as to determine the disease level of the leaf.

[0103] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions under the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, some improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rubber tree disease leaf grading tool, characterized in that, include: Loading plate; A comparison model is arranged on the carrier plate; calibration points are arranged on the comparison model; bisectors are arranged on the comparison model with the calibration points as base points; and a measurement scale is arranged on one side of the carrier plate.

2. A rubber tree disease leaf grading tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comparison model includes: a first blade model, a second blade model and a third blade model; the main vein of the blade is depicted on the first blade model; the calibration point is set at the midpoint of the main vein of the blade; the first blade model, the second blade model and the third blade model are arranged in turn inward with the calibration point as the center and reduced in size at a preset ratio.

3. A rubber tree disease leaf grading tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first leaf model is obtained by taking the leaf of Reyan 73397 of the rubber tree species as a standard model and carving it on the carrying plate.

4. A rubber tree disease leaf grading tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the first blade model, the second blade model and the third blade model is 5:3:

1.

5. A rubber tree disease leaf grading tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, There are 7 bisectors; the main leaf vein and the 7 bisectors divide the first leaf model, the second leaf model and the third leaf model into 16 equal parts with the same area.

6. A rubber tree disease leaf grading tool and method of use thereof according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing plate is an acrylic bearing plate; a tether hole is provided on the bearing plate.

7. A method for using a tool for grading diseased leaves of rubber trees, characterized in that: include: Collect leaves to be tested; Placing the blade to be inspected on the grading tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6; Determine the midpoint of the main vein of the blade to be tested, and place the midpoint of the main vein of the blade to be tested at the calibration point on the bearing plate by fitting the buckle; Determine the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaves to be tested by dividing the lines equally; The disease level of the leaf to be tested is determined according to the diseased area ratio and the grading standard.

8. The method for using a rubber tree disease leaf grading tool according to claim 7, wherein: The step of determining the midpoint position of the main vein of the leaf to be detected comprises: Measuring the length of the main vein of the leaf to be tested with a measuring scale; The midpoint position of the main vein of the leaf to be detected is determined according to the length of the main vein of the leaf.

9. A rubber tree disease leaf grading tool and method of use thereof according to claim 7, characterized in that, The determining the proportion of the diseased area of ​​the leaf to be detected by the bisector line includes: If the diseased positions of the leaves to be detected are connected in a piece, the diseased area ratio of the leaves to be detected is obtained by calculating the area occupied by the diseased positions of the leaves to be detected and the area framed by the comparison model; If the diseased position of the leaf to be detected is discrete in pieces, the areas occupied by the equal dividing lines and the comparison model of each diseased position of the leaf to be detected are superimposed and accumulated to obtain the diseased area ratio of the leaf to be detected.

10. The method for using a rubber tree disease leaf grading tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: Determining the disease level of the leaf to be detected according to the diseased area ratio and the grading standard includes: If rubber tree powdery mildew is tested, the diseased area of ​​less than 1 / 16 is identified as level 1; the diseased area of ​​1 / 16 to 1 / 8 is identified as level 2; the diseased area of ​​1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is identified as level 3; the diseased area of ​​1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or the leaves are slightly wrinkled, is identified as level 4; the diseased area of ​​1 / 2 to 3 / 4, or the leaves are severely wrinkled, is identified as level 5; If the rubber tree is tested for anthracnose, it will be identified as Level 1 if the diseased area accounts for less than 1 / 16 and there are a small number of lesions on the leaves; it will be identified as Level 2 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 16 to 1 / 8 and there are more lesions on the leaves; it will be identified as Level 3 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 8 to 1 / 4, or the lesions are on the main vein within 1 / 2 of the base of the bronze leaves; it will be identified as Level 4 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 4 to 1 / 2, or the lesions appear at the base of the bronze leaves or in the bud stage; it will be identified as Level 5 if the diseased area accounts for 1 / 2 to 3 / 4, or the leaves are severely deformed, or the leaves fall off, or the buds die.

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