Full-flow staged combustion cycle engine self-pressurization half-system thermal test device and method

Abstract

The application provides a full-flow afterburning cycle engine self-pressurization half-system heat test device and method, wherein a small-flow propellant supply system of a test bench in the device is connected with a pressurization pump through a pipeline to deliver small-flow propellant to the pressurization pump, the pressurization pump delivers pressurized small-flow propellant to a gas generator or a pipeline for pre-cooling and then discharges; a large-flow propellant supply system of the test bench is connected with a main pump through a pipeline to deliver large-flow propellant to the main pump, the main pump delivers pressurized large-flow propellant to the gas generator or the pipeline for pre-cooling and then discharges; a turbine is connected with the main pump, the main pump is connected with the pressurization pump through a shaft coupling, and a dynamic seal is arranged between the main pump and the pressurization pump; the large-flow propellant and the small-flow propellant in the gas generator are ignited by an ignition device, gas at the outlet of the gas generator drives the turbine to rotate and then is discharged from a process nozzle, the turbine rotates to drive the main pump and the pressurization pump to rotate, and the pressurization supply of the large-flow propellant and the small-flow propellant is simultaneously implemented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engine hot testing technology, and specifically relates to a hot testing device and method for a self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine. Background Technology

[0002] In the design process of liquid rocket engines, verification tests generally follow the sequence of component-level, semi-system-level, and full-system-level hot testing. Semi-system-level hot testing can assess the combined operation of the gas generator and turbopump. Full-flow staged combustion cycle engines mainly consist of an oxygen-enriched semi-system and a fuel-enriched semi-system. When conducting hot testing of the oxygen-enriched semi-system, it is impossible to configure a fuel pump belonging to the fuel-enriched semi-system, or vice versa. Both situations result in the inability to supply small-flow propellant paths (fuel path for the oxygen-enriched semi-system hot testing, oxidizer path for the fuel-enriched semi-system hot testing, and oxidizer path for the fuel-enriched semi-system hot testing).

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies employ high-pressure fuel supply. However, this approach requires a high-pressure fuel (low-flow propellant) supply system on the test rig, placing significant demands on the system. For high-performance full-flow afterburning cycle engines, the gas generator chamber pressure can exceed 40 MPa. Considering the presence of regulating valves and the pressure drop required by the generator injectors, the pressure in the high-pressure, low-flow propellant supply system's tank must be significantly higher than this. However, constructing such a high-pressure propellant supply system is extremely expensive. Therefore, this approach often necessitates lowering the test conditions to reduce the pressure requirements on the high-pressure propellant supply system, making high-condition testing impossible.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a semi-system hot test device and method for a full-flow staged combustion cycle engine to solve the problem of difficulty in supplying small-flow propellant for hot testing of oxygen-rich or fuel-rich semi-systems in a full-flow staged combustion cycle engine, so that the full-flow staged combustion cycle semi-system is not limited by the test bench and can achieve full-condition testing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the inventors have conducted intensive research and provided a hot test device and method for a self-pressurized semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine. This method solves the problem of difficult supply of small-flow propellant for hot testing of oxygen-rich or fuel-rich semi-systems in full-flow afterburning cycle engines without using a high-pressure fuel supply method.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0007] In the first aspect, a hot test device for a self-pressurized semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine includes a test bench small-flow propellant supply system, a test bench large-flow propellant supply system, an ignition device, a gas generator, a turbine, a main pump, a booster pump, a dynamic seal, and a coupling;

[0008] The test bench's low-flow propellant supply system is connected to a booster pump via pipelines, delivering low-flow propellant to the booster pump. The booster pump then delivers the pressurized low-flow propellant to the gas generator or discharges it after pre-cooling the pipeline.

[0009] The high-flow-rate propellant supply system of the test rig is connected to the main pump through pipelines, which delivers high-flow-rate propellant to the main pump. The main pump then delivers the pressurized high-flow-rate propellant to the gas generator or discharges it after pre-cooling the pipeline.

[0010] The turbine is connected to the main pump, and the main pump is connected to the booster pump via a coupling, with a dynamic seal installed between the main pump and the booster pump;

[0011] The high-flow-rate propellant and low-flow-rate propellant in the gas generator are ignited by the ignition device. The gas at the outlet of the gas generator drives the turbine to rotate and is discharged from the process nozzle. At the same time, the turbine rotates and drives the main pump and the booster pump to rotate, so as to simultaneously pressurize and supply the high-flow-rate propellant and low-flow-rate propellant.

[0012] The high-flow-rate propellant acts as an oxidizer in the oxygen-rich semi-system and as fuel in the fuel-rich semi-system; the low-flow-rate propellant acts as fuel in the oxygen-rich semi-system and as an oxidizer in the fuel-rich semi-system.

[0013] Secondly, a hot testing method for a self-pressurized semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine includes:

[0014] Open shut-off valves II and IV, and close shut-off valves I and III to pre-cool the pipeline from the high-flow propellant supply system of the test bench to the pipeline before shut-off valve I and the pipeline from the low-flow propellant supply system of the test bench to the pipeline before shut-off valve III.

[0015] After reaching the precooling temperature, shut-off valves I and III are opened in sequence, while shut-off valves II and IV are closed. High-flow-rate propellant and low-flow-rate propellant enter the gas generator in sequence and are ignited by the ignition device.

[0016] Adjust the flow rate of the regulating valve to achieve a low-flow propellant supply that meets the requirements of the semi-system test, and enter the semi-system test operating condition;

[0017] After the test, shut-off valve I and shut-off valve III were closed in sequence according to the time interval.

[0018] The hot testing apparatus and method for a full-flow afterburning cycle engine self-boosting semi-system provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0019] (1) The present invention provides a hot test device and method for a self-pressurized semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine. The turbine is connected in series with the main pump, and the main pump is connected in series with the booster pump. When the turbine rotates, it drives the main pump and the booster pump to rotate, realizing that the flow rates of large-flow propellant and small-flow propellant can be increased synchronously with the increase of turbine speed. This realizes the self-pressurization of large-flow propellant and small-flow propellant. Without adopting a high-pressure fuel supply method, it solves the problem of difficult supply of small-flow propellant in the hot test of oxygen-rich or fuel-rich semi-systems of full-flow afterburning cycle systems.

[0020] (2) The hot test device and method for a self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine provided by the present invention has a small impact on the turbine and main pump because the power of the booster pump accounts for a small proportion of the power of the turbine and the main pump. The operating conditions of the turbine, the main pump and the gas generator are basically unaffected. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship of a hot test device for a self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The features and advantages of the present invention will become clearer and more apparent from the following detailed description.

[0023] The term “exemplary” as used herein means “serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration.” Any embodiment illustrated herein as “exemplary” is not necessarily to be construed as superior to or better than other embodiments.

[0024] This invention provides a hot testing device for a self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a small-flow propellant supply system for the test rig, a large-flow propellant supply system for the test rig, an ignition device, a gas generator, a turbine, a main pump, a booster pump, a dynamic seal, and a coupling.

[0025] The test bench's low-flow propellant supply system is connected to the booster pump via pipeline 6, which delivers the low-flow propellant to the booster pump. A regulating valve 8 is installed on the main pipeline 7 after the booster pump to regulate the flow rate of the low-flow propellant. Two branch pipelines are connected after the main pipeline 7. One pipeline delivers the pressurized low-flow propellant to the gas generator via shut-off valve III 9, and the other pipeline vents the pressurized low-flow propellant through shut-off valve IV 11.

[0026] The high-flow-rate propellant supply system of the test bench is connected to the main pump through pipeline 1, which delivers high-flow-rate propellant to the main pump. The main pipeline 2 after the main pump is connected to two branch pipelines. One pipeline delivers the pressurized high-flow-rate propellant to the gas generator through shut-off valve I 3, and the other pipeline discharges the pressurized high-flow-rate propellant through shut-off valve II 5.

[0027] The turbine is connected to the main pump via a spline; the main pump and the booster pump are connected in series, and the main pump shaft is connected to the booster pump shaft via a coupling. A dynamic seal is installed between the main pump and the booster pump to prevent the medium in the main pump from coming into contact with the medium in the booster pump. The booster pump can be a single-stage pump or a multi-stage pump.

[0028] The high-flow-rate propellant and low-flow-rate propellant in the gas generator are ignited by an ignition device. The gas at the outlet of the gas generator drives the turbine to rotate and is discharged from the process nozzle. At the same time, the turbine rotates and drives the main pump and the booster pump to rotate, thereby realizing the simultaneous pressurized supply of high-flow-rate propellant and low-flow-rate propellant.

[0029] This invention relates to a self-pressurized semi-system hot test apparatus, which eliminates the need for high-pressure fuel supply in the low-flow propellant circuits (fuel circuit for oxygen-enriched semi-system hot test, oxidizer circuit for fuel-rich semi-system hot test). By connecting a booster pump in series with the main turbine pump, the gas generated by the gas generator drives the turbine rotation while simultaneously driving the main pump and the booster pump, achieving self-pressurization of both high-flow and low-flow propellant. This solves the problem of difficult low-flow propellant supply in hot tests of oxygen-enriched or fuel-rich semi-systems in full-flow afterburning cycle systems, allowing full-flow afterburning cycle semi-systems to be tested under all operating conditions without being limited by the test bench.

[0030] This invention also provides a hot testing method for a self-pressurized semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine, comprising the following steps:

[0031] (1) Pre-cooling discharge.

[0032] Both the high-flow-rate propellant supply system and the low-flow-rate propellant supply system on the test rig are low-pressure (0.1–1.0 MPa) supply systems. Shut-off valves II 5 and IV 11 are open, while shut-off valves I 3 and III 9 are closed, pre-cooling the pipelines from the high-flow-rate propellant supply system to shut-off valve I 3 and from the low-flow-rate propellant supply system to shut-off valve III 9. At this time, regulating valve 8 is in a high-resistance state.

[0033] Of course, a high-pressure (10-20 MPa) supply system can also be used for the low-flow propellant supply system on the test rig. In this case, the booster pump is equivalent to a semi-boosting system, and the head requirement of the booster pump is reduced. For example, if the tank pressure of the low-flow propellant system on the test rig is 20 MPa, and the test conditions require a booster pump outlet pressure of 60 MPa, then the booster pump inlet pressure is 20 MPa, and the booster pump head is 40 MPa.

[0034] (2) After reaching the pre-cooling temperature, open the valves in sequence.

[0035] The shut-off valves I3 and III9 are opened sequentially, while shut-off valves II5 and IV11 are closed simultaneously. The high-flow-rate propellant and the low-flow-rate propellant enter the gas generator in sequence and are ignited by the ignition device.

[0036] (3) Operating condition transition

[0037] The regulating valve 8 changes from a high flow resistance state to a low flow resistance state, so that the low flow rate of propellant supply meets the requirements of the semi-system test and enters the semi-system test operating condition.

[0038] (4) End of experiment

[0039] After the test, shut-off valves I 3 and III 9 were closed in sequence.

[0040] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments and exemplary examples; however, these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that various equivalent substitutions, modifications, or improvements can be made to the technical solutions and embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0041] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A hot testing device for a self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine, characterized in that, Includes a small-flow propellant supply system for the test bench, a large-flow propellant supply system for the test bench, an ignition device, a gas generator, a turbine, a main pump, a booster pump, dynamic seals, and couplings; The test bench's low-flow propellant supply system is connected to a booster pump via pipelines, delivering low-flow propellant to the booster pump. The booster pump then delivers the pressurized low-flow propellant to the gas generator or discharges it after pre-cooling the pipeline. The high-flow-rate propellant supply system of the test rig is connected to the main pump through pipelines, delivering high-flow-rate propellant to the main pump. The main pump then delivers the pressurized high-flow-rate propellant to the gas generator or discharges it after pre-cooling the pipeline. Both the high-flow-rate propellant supply system and the low-flow-rate propellant supply system of the test rig are low-pressure supply systems, with a low pressure of 0.1~1.0 MPa. The turbine is connected to the main pump, and the main pump is connected to the booster pump via a coupling, with a dynamic seal installed between the main pump and the booster pump; The high-flow-rate propellant and low-flow-rate propellant in the gas generator are ignited by the ignition device. The gas at the outlet of the gas generator drives the turbine to rotate and is discharged from the process nozzle. At the same time, the turbine rotates and drives the main pump and the booster pump to rotate, so as to simultaneously pressurize and supply the high-flow-rate propellant and low-flow-rate propellant. The high-flow-rate propellant acts as an oxidizer in the oxygen-rich semi-system and as fuel in the fuel-rich semi-system; the low-flow-rate propellant acts as fuel in the oxygen-rich semi-system and as an oxidizer in the fuel-rich semi-system.

2. The hot test device for the self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A regulating valve is installed on the main pipeline after the booster pump to control the flow rate of the low-flow propellant.

3. The hot test device for the self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main pipeline after the booster pump is connected to two branch pipelines. One pipeline delivers the boosted propellant at a low flow rate to the gas generator via shut-off valve III, while the other pipeline discharges the boosted propellant at a low flow rate via shut-off valve IV.

4. The hot test device for the self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The main pipeline after the main pump is connected to two branch pipelines. One pipeline delivers the pressurized high-flow propellant to the gas generator through shut-off valve I, and the other pipeline discharges the pressurized high-flow propellant through shut-off valve II.

5. The hot testing device for the self-boosting semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The booster pump is a single-stage pump or a multi-stage pump.

6. A hot testing method for a self-pressurized semi-system of a full-flow afterburning cycle engine, characterized in that, The hot test apparatus for the self-boosting semi-system of the full-flow afterburning cycle engine as described in claim 5 includes: Open shut-off valves II and IV, and close shut-off valves I and III to pre-cool the pipeline from the high-flow propellant supply system of the test bench to the pipeline before shut-off valve I and the pipeline from the low-flow propellant supply system of the test bench to the pipeline before shut-off valve III. After reaching the precooling temperature, shut-off valves I and III are opened in sequence, while shut-off valves II and IV are closed. High-flow-rate propellant and low-flow-rate propellant enter the gas generator in sequence and are ignited by the ignition device. Adjust the flow rate of the regulating valve to ensure that the small flow rate of propellant supply meets the requirements of the semi-system test, and enter the semi-system test operating condition; After the test, shut-off valve I and shut-off valve III were closed in sequence according to the time interval.

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