Method and apparatus for beam management in wireless communication system

Abstract

A method according to one embodiment of the present specification comprises the steps of: receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving at least one DL RS; and transmitting information related to a terminal preference (UE preference) determined on the basis of the measurement of the at least one DL RS. The at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DLRSs related to i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams related to the first set. The information related to UE preferences is related to i) a configuration of the second set and / or ii) an attribute related to beams of the second set.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to methods and apparatus for beam management in wireless communication systems. Background Art

[0002] In order to provide voice services while ensuring user activities, a mobile communication system has been developed. However, the area of ​​the mobile communication system has been expanded to data services in addition to voice. Due to the current explosive increase in traffic, resource shortages have occurred, so users need higher-speed services. Therefore, a more advanced mobile communication system is needed.

[0003] The requirements for next generation mobile communication systems need to be able to support the accommodation of explosive data traffic, a significant increase in data rates per user, an accommodation of a significant increase in the number of connected devices, very low end-to-end latency, and high energy efficiency. To this end, various technologies have been studied, such as dual connectivity, massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), in-band full-duplex, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), ultra-wideband support, and device networking.

[0004] Regarding beam management, set A and set B are defined. Specifically, according to BM-Case 1, the UE estimates / determines the beam of set A (e.g., the preferred beam among the beams of set A) based on the measurement of the beam of set B (e.g., the measurement of the RS related to the beam of set B). Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical issues

[0006] As described above, the UE may estimate / determine the beams of set A based on measurements of the beams of set B (based on AI / ML). The number of beams of set A may be greater than the number of beams of set B. In this case, configuring all beams that the base station can utilize / transmit as set A and performing beam reporting based on set A may be inefficient in terms of signaling overhead.

[0007] The purpose of the present disclosure is to determine the configuration of set A that can reduce the signaling overhead of performing beam reporting based on the above-mentioned BM-Case1.

[0008] When the size of set A to be used for beam reporting (e.g., the number of beams included in set A) is arbitrarily reduced without any specific criteria and used for beam reporting, the beam preferred by the UE may be excluded.

[0009] An object of the present disclosure is to reduce the degradation in reporting accuracy of (UE preferred) beams when determining the configuration of set A that can reduce signaling overhead.

[0010] The technical objectives of the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned technical objectives, and other technical objectives not mentioned above will be apparently understood by those of ordinary skill in the art from the following description.

[0011] Technical Solution

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system includes: receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving at least one DL RS; and sending information related to a UE preference determined based on measurements of at least one DL RS.

[0013] The at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set.

[0014] The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of: i) a configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beams of the second set.

[0015] The plurality of DL RSs may include at least one of: i) a first DL RS associated with a beam of a first set and / or ii) a second DL RS associated with a beam of a second set.

[0016] The second DL RS may include the first DL RS.

[0017] The second DL RS may be different from the first DL RS.

[0018] A quasi co-location (QCL) relationship may be configured between the second DL RS and the first DL RS.

[0019] The configuration of the second set may be related to at least one of: i) a beam determined among pre-configured candidate beams and / or ii) the number of beams in the second set.

[0020] The properties associated with the beams of the second set may be associated with at least one of: a beam direction, an angle associated with the beam, a beam width, and / or a range of angles associated with the beam.

[0021] The information related to the UE preference may be transmitted by being included in channel state information (CSI).

[0022] The CSI may include information for at least one of: i) at least one of the second DL RSs associated with the beam in the second set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the at least one second DL RS.

[0023] The CSI may include information for at least one of the following items: i) at least one of the first DL RSs associated with the beam of the first set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the at least one first DL RS. The information related to the UE preference may be information for the at least one first DL RS. Based on the at least one first DL RS, i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beam of the second set may be determined.

[0024] Information related to UE preferences may be sent on an event basis.

[0025] Based on the fact that the information related to the UE preference transmitted in advance is different from the information related to the UE preference, the information related to the UE preference may be transmitted.

[0026] Based on the beam quality value of the DL RS reported in advance via channel state information (CSI) being less than or equal to a specific value, information related to the UE preference may be transmitted.

[0027] A second set of reports for channel state information (CSI) may be determined based on information related to UE preferences.

[0028] The method may further include transmitting the CSI.

[0029] The CSI may include information on at least one of the following items: i) at least one second DL RS among the second DL RSs associated with the beam in the determined second set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the at least one second DL RS.

[0030] The size of the second set of reports for CSI may be determined based on a maximum payload size associated with uplink control information (UCI).

[0031] According to the CSI-based uplink control information (UCI) payload size being greater than the maximum payload size associated with the UCI, a portion of information for at least one second DL RS and / or information for a beam quality value associated with at least one second DL RS may be omitted from the CSI.

[0032] A physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource for transmission of the CSI may be determined based on the payload size of the CSI. The determined PUCCH resource may be one of the PUCCH resources configured for each payload size.

[0033] Based on the uplink control information (UCI) payload size based on the CSI being greater than the maximum payload size associated with the UCI, a reduced second set excluding at least one beam from the determined second set of beams may be generated. The CSI may include information for at least one of: i) one or more second DL RSs based on the reduced second set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the one or more second DL RSs.

[0034] The configuration information may include information related to a relationship between beams of the first set and candidate beams that can be included in the second set.

[0035] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) operating in a wireless communication system includes one or more transceivers, one or more processors, and one or more memories, wherein the one or more memories are operably connected to the one or more processors and store instructions, which configure the one or more processors to perform operations based on being executed by the one or more processors.

[0036] The operations include receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving at least one DL RS; and sending information related to a UE preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS.

[0037] The at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set.

[0038] The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of: i) a configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beams of the second set.

[0039] An apparatus according to another embodiment of the present disclosure includes: one or more memories, and one or more processors operatively connected to the one or more memories.

[0040] The one or more memories include instructions that, upon execution by the one or more processors, configure the one or more processors to perform operations.

[0041] The operations include receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving at least one DL RS; and sending information related to a user equipment (UE) preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS.

[0042] The at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set.

[0043] The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of: i) a configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beams of the second set.

[0044] One or more non-transitory computer-readable media according to another embodiment of the present disclosure stores one or more instructions.

[0045] The one or more instructions executable by the one or more processors configure the one or more processors to perform operations.

[0046] The operations include receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving at least one DL RS; and sending information related to a user equipment (UE) preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS.

[0047] The at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set.

[0048] The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of: i) a configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beams of the second set.

[0049] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system includes: sending configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); sending at least one DL RS; and receiving information related to a user equipment (UE) preference determined based on measurements of at least one DL RS.

[0050] The at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set.

[0051] The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of: i) a configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beams of the second set.

[0052] According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a base station operating in a wireless communication system includes: one or more transceivers, one or more processors, and one or more memories, wherein the one or more memories are operably connected to the one or more processors and store instructions, which configure the one or more processors to perform operations based on being executed by the one or more processors.

[0053] The operations include: sending configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); sending at least one DL RS; and receiving information related to a user equipment (UE) preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS.

[0054] The at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set.

[0055] The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of: i) a configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beams of the second set.

[0056] Beneficial Effects

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, since the configuration / attributes of the second set (e.g., set A) preferred by the UE are reported, the second set to be used for beam reporting can be determined.

[0058] Therefore, the signaling overhead of subsequent beam operations (beam reporting) can be reduced.

[0059] The reduction in accuracy of beam reporting may also be minimized compared to the case where the second set is determined based on any configuration / attribute.

[0060] Effects that can be obtained by the present disclosure are not limited to the above-described effects, and other technical effects not described above can be clearly understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present disclosure belongs according to the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0061] Figure 1 An example of beamforming using SSB and CSI-RS is illustrated.

[0062] Figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a DL BM procedure using SSB.

[0063] Figure 3 Illustrate the functional framework of AI / ML models.

[0064] Figure 4 A signaling process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0065] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0066] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a base station according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0067] Figure 7 The configurations of the first device and the second device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure are illustrated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0068] The following will be attached Figure 1 The detailed description disclosed above will describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than describing unique embodiments for performing the present disclosure. The following detailed description includes details that provide a complete understanding of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present disclosure may be performed without these details.

[0069] In some cases, in order to prevent the concepts of the present disclosure from being obscure, known structures and devices may be omitted, or may be illustrated in a block diagram format based on the core functions of each structure and device.

[0070] In the following, downlink (DL) means communication from a base station to a terminal, and uplink (UL) means communication from a terminal to a base station. In the downlink, the transmitter may be part of a base station, and the receiver may be part of a terminal. In the uplink, the transmitter may be part of a terminal, and the receiver may be part of a base station. The base station may be represented as a first communication device, and the terminal may be represented as a second communication device. The base station (BS) may be replaced with terms including a fixed station, a node B, an evolved node B (eNB), a next generation node B (gNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (AP), a network (5G network), an AI system, a roadside unit (RSU), a vehicle, a robot, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), an AR (augmented reality) device, a VR (virtual reality) device, and the like. In addition, the terminal may be fixed or mobile, and may be replaced by terms including user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), user terminal (UT), mobile subscriber station (MSS), subscriber station (SS), advanced mobile station (AMS), wireless terminal (WT), machine type communication (MTC) device, machine-to-machine (M2M) device and device-to-device (D2D) device, vehicle, robot, AI module, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), AR (augmented reality) device, VR (virtual reality) device, etc.

[0071] Beam Management (BM)

[0072] The BM process, which is a Layer 1 (L1) / Layer 2 (L2) process for acquiring and maintaining a set of base station (e.g., gNB, TRP, etc.) and / or terminal (e.g., UE) beams that can be used for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) transmission / reception, may include the following processes and terms.

[0073] Beam Measurement: The operation of measuring the characteristics of a beamformed signal received by an eNB or UE.

[0074] Beam determination: The operation of selecting the transmit (Tx) beam / receive (Rx) beam of the eNB or UE by the eNB or UE.

[0075] Beam scanning: The operation of covering a spatial area using transmit and / or receive beams for time intervals by a predetermined scheme.

[0076] Beam reporting: The operation of the UE to report information of beamformed signals based on beam measurements.

[0077] The BM process may be divided into (1) a DL BM process using a synchronization signal (SS) / physical broadcast channel (PBCH) block or a CSI-RS and (2) a UL BM process using a sounding reference signal (SRS).

[0078] In addition, each BM process may include Tx beam scanning for determining a Tx beam and Rx beam scanning for determining an Rx beam.

[0079] DL BM

[0080] The DL BM process may include (1) transmission of a beamforming DL reference signal (RS) (eg, CSI-RS or SS block (SSB)) by the eNB and (2) beam reporting by the UE.

[0081] Here, the beam report includes a preferred DL RS identifier (ID) and an L1 reference signal received power (RSRP) corresponding to the preferred DL RS identifier (ID).

[0082] The DL RS ID may be a SSB resource indicator (SSBRI) or a CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI).

[0083] Figure 1 An example of beamforming using SSB and CSI-RS is illustrated.

[0084] like Figure 1As shown, SSB beams and CSI-RS beams can be used for beam management. The measurement metric is L1-RSRP for each resource / block. SSB can be used for coarse beam management, and CSI-RS can be used for fine beam management. SSB can be used for both Tx beam scanning and Rx beam scanning.

[0085] Rx beam scanning using SSB may be performed when the UE changes the Rx beam for the same SSBRI across multiple SSB bursts. Here, one SS burst includes one or more SSBs, and one SS burst set includes one or more SSB bursts.

[0086] Figure 2 is a flow chart illustrating an example of a DL BM procedure using SSB.

[0087] Configuration of beam reporting using SSB is performed during CSI / beam configuration in the RRC connected state (or RRC connected mode).

[0088] The UE receives a CSI-ResourceConfig IE including a CSI-SSB-ResourceSetList including SSB resources for a BM from the eNB (S210).

[0089] Table 1 shows an example of the CSI-ResourceConfig IE. As shown in Table 1, a BM configuration using SSB is not separately defined, and SSB is configured similarly to a CSI-RS resource.

[0090] [Table 1]

[0091]

[0092] In Table 1, the csi-SSB-ResourceSetList parameter represents a list of SSB resources in a resource set for beam management and reporting. Here, the SSB resource set can be configured as {SSBx1, SSBx2, SSBx3, SSBx4, ...}. For example, the SSB index can be defined as 0 to 63.

[0093] The UE receives SSB resources from the eNB based on the CSI-SSB-ResourceSetList ( S220 ).

[0094] When CSI-reportConfig associated with reporting of SSBRI and L1-RSRP is configured, the UE (beam) reports the best SSBRI and L1-RSRP corresponding thereto to the eNB (S230).

[0095] In other words, when reportQuantity of CSI-reportConfig IE is configured as "ssb-Index-RSRP", the UE reports the best SSBRI and L1-RSRP corresponding thereto to the eNB.

[0096] In addition, when CSI-RS resources are configured in the same OFDM symbol as SSB (SS / PBCH block) and "QCL-Type D" is applicable, the UE can assume that the CSI-RS and SSB are quasi-co-located from the perspective of "QCL-Type D".

[0097] Here, QCL TypeD may mean that the antenna port is QCL from the perspective of spatial Rx parameters. When the UE receives multiple DL antenna ports with a QCL TypeD relationship, the same Rx beam may be applied. In addition, the UE does not expect the CSI-RS to be configured in REs that overlap with REs of SSB.

[0098] BM enhancement in NR Rel-16

[0099] The DL / UL beam indication standardized in 3GPP NR Rel-15 has been designed to indicate the beam used for each DL / UL channel / RS resource separately to ensure beam indication flexibility, and the indication method has been designed separately for each channel / RS.

[0100] This design direction ultimately has the following problems: the base station must indicate the beam change for each channel / RS resource to multiple UEs communicating with the base station using a single beam in order to change the serving beam for multiple UEs, which results in large signaling overhead and large beam change delay. With the UL beam change, UL power control related parameters, especially path loss RS (PL RS), must be changed for each UL channel / RS, which also results in signaling overhead / delay problems. In order to compensate for these shortcomings, five features are introduced in Rel-16. The following Table 2 shows these five features.

[0101] [Table 2]

[0102]

[0103]

[0104] In Rel-16, in addition to the above-mentioned enhancements related to beam / PL RS indication, enhancements related to beam reporting are also made. In Rel-15, a mode in which the UE measures / reports L1-RSRP for each beam RS is supported. However, in an environment with high inter-beam interference, it is difficult to ensure that a specific beam RS has good quality as a serving beam simply because the L1-RSRP (i.e., the received strength of a specific beam RS) is high. In other words, the UE may select a beam with high received strength but high beam interference, and report the beam to the base station. To overcome this shortcoming, Rel-16 supports a new beam reporting mode in which the base station configures resources for interference measurement and RS for channel measurement, and the UE measures L1-SINR for channel resources and interference resources based on this, and reports several RSs with high L1-SINR values.

[0105] BM enhancement in NR Rel-17

[0106] As mentioned above, various BM enhancements were made in Rel-16. Specifically, features were created that can significantly reduce the signaling overhead / latency associated with the beam indication method. However, there is still no configuration / indication channel / RS unified beam for UEs operating with a single serving beam.

[0107] Based on this motivation, Rel-17 will standardize the channel / RS unified beam configuration / indication method. In NR, the DL beam is indicated by sending a configuration indicator (TCI), so it is called a unified TCI state. The existing TCI state is configured / indicated separately for each DLRS / channel, but the unified TCI state is characterized by a unified configuration / indication. Basically, the DL unified TCI state indicates that the QCL type-D RS is uniformly applied to (some) PDCCH, PDSCH and (some) CSI-RS resources, and the UL unified TCI state indicates that the spatial relationship RS (and PL RS) of (some) PUCCH, PUSCH and (some) SRS is uniformly applied. For UEs that have established beam correspondence, since the UL spatial relationship and PL RS can also be matched with the DL beam RS in the same way as the Rel-16 default spatial relationship / PLRS feature, the channel / RS to which the unified TCI state is applied can cover both DL channels / RS and UL channels / RS. This is called a joint DL / UL TCI state. That is, the following two modes will be supported.

[0108] Joint DL / UL TCI configuration / indication mode: The DL RS configured / indicated in the joint TCI state can be applied not only as a QCL type-D RS for the DL channel / RS, but also as a spatial relationship RS (and PLRS) for the UL channel / RS. That is, if an update to the joint TCI state is indicated, the beam RS (or / and PL RS) used for the DL channel / RS and the UL channel / RS can be changed together.

[0109] Separate DL and UL TCI configuration / indication mode: QCL Type-D source RS for DL ​​channels / RS are unified and configured / indicated by DL TCI state, and spatial relationship RS (and PL RS) for UL channels / RS are unified and configured / indicated by UL TCI state. DL TCI state and UL TCI state are configured / indicated separately.

[0110] The DL / UL / joint TCI state will be indicated / updated via MAC-CE and / or DCI. More specifically, one or more TCI states (referred to as a TCI state pool) among the multiple TCI states configured by RRC are activated by MAC-CE. If multiple TCI states are activated by MAC-CE, one of the multiple TCI states is indicated by DCI.

[0111] DCI indication will be supported via downlink DCI formats (DCI1-1 / 1-2) that support the TCI field, and will be supported in both cases with and without PDSCH scheduling. In the latter case, since PDSCH scheduling is omitted (similar to the DCI-based semi-persistent scheduling (SPS) release method), UE ACK transmission for the corresponding DCI will be supported.

[0112] Enhancements related to beam reporting will be made in Rel-17. The Rel-17 beam reporting mode will support a mode in which the UE measures / reports the best beam RS for each TRP, targeting a multi-TRP environment. To this end, if the beam measurement RS set / group is divided into two subsets / subgroups and the base station configures them, the UE will select RS for each subset / subgroup and report them together with the quality value of the corresponding RS (L1-RSRP, [L1-SINR]).

[0113] AIML related description

[0114] With the technological advancement of artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI / ML), the nodes and UEs that constitute wireless communication networks are becoming more and more intelligent / advanced.

[0115] In particular, due to the intelligence of the network / base station, it is expected that various network / base station decision parameters can be quickly optimized and derived / applied based on various environmental parameters.

[0116] The environmental parameters may include at least one of the distribution / location of base stations, the distribution / location / material of buildings / furniture, the location / moving direction / speed of UE, or climate information. However, the above parameters are only examples, and in addition to the listed parameters, the environmental parameters may also include other environmental parameters related to the network / base station decision parameters.

[0117] The network / base station decision parameters may include at least one of the transmit / receive power of each base station (BS), the transmit power of each UE, the precoder / beam of the BS / UE, the time / frequency resource allocation for each UE, or the duplex method of each BS. However, the above parameters are only examples, and in addition to the listed parameters, the network / base station decision parameters may also include other parameters determined by the network / base station.

[0118] In line with this trend, many standardization organizations (e.g., 3GPP, O-RAN) are considering the introduction of AI / ML, and related research is also actively underway.

[0119] In a narrow sense, AI / ML can be simply referred to as artificial intelligence based on deep learning, but conceptually, it can be classified as follows.

[0120] -Artificial Intelligence: It is any automation that allows machines to do work that would otherwise be done by humans.

[0121] -Machine Learning: It refers to a technology in which machines learn patterns for decision making from data by themselves without explicit programming rules.

[0122] - Deep learning: It is a model based on artificial neural networks and allows machines to perform feature extraction and decision making based on unstructured data simultaneously. The algorithm depends on a multi-layer network composed of interconnected nodes for feature extraction and transformation, which is inspired by biological nervous systems (i.e., neural networks). Common deep learning network architectures include deep neural networks (DNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and convolutional neural networks (CNNs).

[0123] As described above, artificial intelligence (AI) is the broadest concept of AI / ML, and deep learning is the narrowest concept of AI / ML. Machine learning (ML) can be explained as a concept narrower than artificial intelligence and broader than deep learning.

[0124] Types of AI / ML based on various criteria

[0125] - Offline and online

[0126] Offline learning

[0127] -Offline learning faithfully follows the sequential process of database collection, learning, and prediction. That is, collection and learning can be performed offline, and the completed program can be installed on site and used for prediction work. In most cases, this offline learning method is used.

[0128] Online Learning

[0129] - Online learning refers to a method that gradually improves performance by performing incremental learning using additional data generated, taking advantage of the fact that data that can be used for recent learning is continuously generated via the Internet.

[0130] Classification based on AI / ML framework concepts

[0131] -Focused learning

[0132] In centralized learning, all data resources / storage / learning (e.g., supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, etc.) are performed in one centralized node while training data collected from multiple different nodes is reported to the centralized node.

[0133] - Federated Learning

[0134] Federated learning is built on data where there is a collective model across distributed data owners. Instead of collecting data into the model, the AI / ML model is imported into the data source, allowing local nodes / individual devices to collect data and train their own copy of the model, thus eliminating the need to report source data to a centralized node.

[0135] In federated learning, the parameters / weights of the AI / ML model are sent again to the centralized node to support general model training. Federated learning has advantages in terms of computing speed and improvement of information security. That is, the process of uploading personal data to the central server is unnecessary, and the leakage and misuse of personal information can be prevented.

[0136] -Distributed learning

[0137] Distributed learning refers to the concept of scaling and distributing the machine learning process across a cluster of nodes. The trained model is shared across multiple nodes, which are split and operated simultaneously to accelerate model training.

[0138] Classification by learning method

[0139] -Supervised Learning

[0140] Supervised learning is a machine learning task that aims to learn a mapping function from input to output given a labeled dataset. The input data is called training data and has known labels or outcomes. An example of supervised learning is as follows.

[0141] 1) Regression: linear regression, logistic regression

[0142] 2) Instance-based algorithm: k-nearest neighbor (KNN)

[0143] 3) Decision Tree Algorithm: CART

[0144] 4) Support Vector Machine: SVM

[0145] 5) Bayesian algorithm: Naive Bayes

[0146] 6) Ensemble algorithms: Extreme Gradient Boosting, Bagging: Random Forest

[0147] Supervised learning can be further grouped into regression and classification problems, where classification is predicting a label and regression is predicting a quantity.

[0148] - Unsupervised learning

[0149] Unsupervised learning is a machine learning task that aims to learn a function that describes the hidden structure in unlabeled data. The input data is not labeled and there is no known outcome. Some examples of unsupervised learning include K-means clustering, principal component analysis (PCA), nonlinear independent component analysis (ICA), and long short-term memory (LSTM).

[0150] - Reinforcement Learning

[0151] In reinforcement learning (RL), an agent aims to optimize a long-term goal by interacting with the environment based on a trial-and-error process, and is goal-oriented learning based on interaction with the environment. Examples of RL algorithms are as follows.

[0152] 1) Q-Learning

[0153] 2) Bandit learning

[0154] 3) Deep Q Network

[0155] 4) State-Action-Reward-State-Action (SARSA)

[0156] 5) Time difference learning

[0157] 6) Executor-Critic Reinforcement Learning

[0158] 7) Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient

[0159] 8) Monte Carlo Tree Search

[0160] Reinforcement learning can be additionally grouped into model-based reinforcement learning and model-free reinforcement learning.

[0161] Model-based reinforcement learning: It refers to RL algorithms that use a predictive model and use the various dynamic states of the environment and the model in which these states bring rewards to derive the transition probabilities between states.

[0162] Model-free reinforcement learning: It refers to RL algorithms based on values ​​or policies that achieve maximum future rewards. The multi-agent environment / state is less computationally complex and does not require an accurate representation of the environment.

[0163] RL algorithms can also be classified into value-based RL and policy-based RL, policy-based RL and non-policy RL, etc.

[0164] Representative models of deep learning

[0165] 1. Feedforward Neural Network (FFNN)

[0166] FFNN consists of an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer.

[0167] 2. Recurrent Neural Network (RNN)

[0168] RNN is a type of artificial neural network in which hidden nodes are connected to directed edges to form a directed loop. It is a model suitable for processing sequentially occurring data such as speech and text.

[0169] 3. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)

[0170] CNN is used for two purposes: reducing model complexity and extracting good features by applying convolution operations generally used in the fields of video processing or image processing.

[0171] - Kernel or Filter: It refers to a unit / structure that applies weights to the input of a specific range / unit.

[0172] - Stride size: It refers to the range of movement of the kernel within the input.

[0173] -Feature map: It refers to the result of applying the kernel to the input.

[0174] -Padding: It refers to the value that is added to resize the feature map.

[0175] - Pooling: It refers to the operation of reducing the size of feature maps by downsampling them (e.g., max pooling, average pooling).

[0176] 4. Autoencoder

[0177] An autoencoder is a neural network that receives a feature vector x as input and outputs the same or a similar vector x'. The input nodes and output nodes of the autoencoder have the same features.

[0178] Figure 3 Illustrate the functional framework of AI / ML models.

[0179] exist Figure 3 In the functional framework shown, the definition of each term and the operation of each function can be based on the following Table 3.

[0180] [Table 3]

[0181]

[0182]

[0183] Dataset

[0184] The datasets used in AI / ML are classified into training data, validation data, and test data, and their definitions are as follows.

[0185] - Training data

[0186] Dataset used to train the model

[0187] - Verify data

[0188] Dataset used to validate the trained model

[0189] Validation data is a dataset that is often used to prevent overfitting of the training dataset.

[0190] Validation data is a data set used to select the best model among the various models trained during the training process. Therefore, validation data can be considered as a data set related to training.

[0191] -Test data

[0192] The test data is the dataset used for final evaluation. The test data is independent of the training data.

[0193] The data set may use a training set including the above data in a certain proportion.

[0194] For example, a training set including training data and validation data in a ratio of 8:2 or 7:3 may be used.

[0195] For example, a training set including training data, validation data, and test data in a ratio of 6:2:2 may be used.

[0196] Collaboration Level

[0197] Depending on whether the AI / ML function between the base station and the UE is capable, the collaboration level can be defined as follows.

[0198] [Table 4]

[0199]

[0200] The collaboration levels shown in Table 4 are examples and may be modified and utilized differently from the illustrated examples based on implementation methods. For example, a collaboration level combining two or more of the illustrated collaboration levels may be defined / utilized. For example, a collaboration level that does not include one or more of the illustrated collaboration levels may be utilized.

[0201] In the present disclosure, " / " may be interpreted as "and", "or" or "and / or" depending on the context. In the present disclosure, "beam" may refer to a source RS for a "spatial filter" or a "spatial relationship" and may be interpreted as a QCL (type-D) RS or a TCI state or spatial relationship RS (in the uplink).

[0202] 3GPP Rel-18 started to study how to use AI / ML in the air interface. This study item (SI) covers beam management, CSI and positioning as the main use cases of AI / ML. This disclosure covers the beam management method among them.

[0203] There may be two use cases for performing improved beam management using AI / ML: "improving beam management performance through spatial beam prediction" and "improving beam management performance through temporal beam prediction". This disclosure mainly considers "improving beam management performance through spatial beam prediction", but it should be noted that the techniques in this disclosure can be modified and applied to "improving beam management performance through temporal beam prediction".

[0204] "Improved beam management performance through spatial beam prediction" is a use case that achieves more improved beam management accuracy with lower RS ​​overhead based on UE location / mobility information, etc. as measurement results of current / past beam RSs. In this case, AI / ML of the UE and / or network (NW) can be used for spatial beam prediction operations. For example, AI / ML can be used to achieve performance comparable to beam selection from a large number of beam RSs based on the results measured from a small number of beam RSs.

[0205] AI / ML based beam prediction may be defined based on inputs and outputs associated with the AI / ML model (of the UE and / or NW).

[0206] For example, the input may be information related to measurements of a beam (eg, an RS associated with the beam), and the output may be information about a specific beam (eg, an ID of an RS associated with the specific beam).

[0207] For example, the input may be the reference signal received power (RSRP) of the beams in the first set, and the output may be the RSRP of the beams in the second set (e.g., the RSRP of the RS associated with all beams or the RSRP of the RS associated with the set A of beams). The RSRP of the beams in the first set may include the RSRP of the RS associated with some of the beams in all beams and / or the RSRP associated with the set B of beams. The RSRP of the beams in the second set may include the RSRP of the RS associated with all beams and / or the RSRP of the RS associated with the set A of beams.

[0208] Table 5 below summarizes the discussion and results related to beamforming performance improvements.

[0209] [Table 5]

[0210]

[0211] In the results, BM-Case 1 refers to “a case where estimation / prediction of beams of set A is performed based on measurement results of beams included in set B.” Set A and set B are different.

[0212] A set A and a set B related to the embodiments of the present disclosure described below may be defined based on Table 5 above. Set B may be a set including beams related to an RS transmitted by a base station (RS received by a UE). Set A may be a beam set for estimating / determining a beam based on a measurement result of an RS related to set B. Set A may be a beam set for indicating a specific beam.

[0213] The purpose of BM-Case 1 is to select / estimate / predict beams more accurately than selecting beams based on existing methods. Specifically, according to BM-Case 1, beams are selected / estimated / predicted based on set A, and set A is more accurate than set B (for example, in the selection, set A includes a larger number of beams than set B, and has a beam shape with a narrower width than the width of the beams of set B).

[0214] The question here is who will decide and how to decide set A.

[0215] For example, the NW (or base station) may determine set A and configure / indicate set A to the UE. In order to apply the method, the NW may configure / indicate information about the relationship between the beams belonging to set A and the beams belonging to set B (e.g., relative / absolute beam angles, relative / absolute beam width information, etc.) to the UE. The UE may select the beam of set A based on the measurement results of the beams of set B based on AI / ML.

[0216] For example, the UE may select a UE preferred set A and report it to the base station. This has the advantage of reducing the uplink channel information (UCI) payload by allowing the UE to select / report a beam from a set A including a smaller number of beams when reporting beams. This embodiment is described in detail below.

[0217] Method 1

[0218] The UE reports the configuration / attributes of the preferred set A (based on the measurement results of set B) to the NW (or base station).

[0219] For example, the base station may configure the UE with a master set that may be included in set A. The UE may report configuration information for the preferred set A (based on the instantaneous measurement result for set B) to the base station in the configured master set. In other words, all beams (e.g., RS IDs 0 to 63) that may be included in set A may be configured based on the master set. The UE may determine / report configuration information for the UE's preferred set A (e.g., RS IDs 10 to 30) based on the master set.

[0220] For example, the base station may configure multiple set A candidates to the UE. The UE may report one or more preferred set A candidates among the set A candidates to the NW.

[0221] For example, the UE may report to the NW information about the properties that the UE prefers regarding the beams that constitute set A. "Beam-specific properties" may be information about beam angles (e.g., boresight direction / angle), ranges of beam angles, beam widths (e.g., 3dB beam widths), the total number of beams, and the like. The information about properties may be absolute values ​​or relative values ​​between beams. As a specific example, the information about UE preferred properties may include: i) information indicating (how much) the beam width is preferred to be reduced compared to beams belonging to set B and / or ii) information indicating (how much) the beam angle range is preferred to be increased compared to beams belonging to set B (e.g., the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the (azimuth / elevation) beam direction).

[0222] For example, the candidate values ​​of the property that the beams of set A may have may be configured by the base station or specified / configured as a specific rule. As a specific example, the candidate values ​​may be specified / configured as in i) and ii) below.

[0223] i) Some properties (e.g., beam width) are the same as set A, but the range of beam angles is increased by a factor of N.

[0224] ii) Some properties (e.g., beam width) are the same as set A, but the number of beams increases N times.

[0225] However, i) and ii) are merely examples and are not intended to limit the application / implementation of the candidate values ​​for the set A attributes to the range of beam angles and the number of beams. That is, the candidate values ​​may be set with attributes other than the range of beam angles and / or the number of beams that are changed (reduced / increased).

[0226] Among the candidate values, the index / indicator for the candidate value preferred by the UE may be reported from the UE to the base station.

[0227] The UE may judge / determine the beam properties of set A based on AI / ML. To this end, various input parameters may be used / applied. An example of the configuration of the input parameters and output parameters of AI / ML is as follows.

[0228] AI / ML input parameters: Set B beam properties (e.g., angle, beam width, etc.), measured RSRP of Set B beam (and Rx beam properties (e.g., angle, beam width, etc.)).

[0229] AI / ML output: Aggregate A beam (attribute) indicator

[0230] The input parameters may include characteristics of set B (e.g., angle, beam width, etc.) and at least one of RSRP and / or Rx beam characteristics associated with the beams of set B. Based on the input parameters, the AI / ML of the UE may determine the properties of the set A beams or an indicator indicating the properties of the set A beams.

[0231] For application of the proposed method, information about the relationship between i) beams of set B and ii) beams that may be included in set A may be considered. The information about the relationship may be configured / indicated to the UE by the base station. For example, the information about the relationship may be pre-specified / pre-defined / pre-configured by a specific rule.

[0232] The beams that can be included in set A may include at least one of the beams to be included in the main set and / or the beams included in the candidates for set A. Information about the relationship between the beams of set B and the beams that can be included in set A may include relative / absolute beam angle information and / or relative / absolute beam width information.

[0233] An example of the relationship between set A beams (eg, beams that may be included in set A) and set B beams is as follows: Set A beams may be defined / configured in the form of a (linear) combination of (some of) set B beams as follows.

[0234] (1) Set A candidate 0 = {α 11 *First set of B beams + α 12 * The second set of B beams, α 21 *First set of B beams + α22 * The second set of B beams, α 31 * The third set of B beams + α 32 * the fourth set of B beams, ...},

[0235] (2) Set A candidate 1 = {β 11 *First set of B beams + β 12 * The second set of B beams, β 21 *First set of B beams + β 22 * The second set of B beams, β 31 * The third set of B beams + β 32 * the fourth set of B beams, ...},

[0236] (3) Set A candidate 2, ...

[0237] In the above example, α ij Value and β ij The value may be a value pre-specified or set by the base station, where i and j are natural numbers.

[0238] For another example, you can configure / specify the set A={α 11 *First set of B beams + α 12 * The second set of B beams, α 21 *First set of B beams + α 22 * The second set of B beams, α 31 * The third set of B beams + α 32 The fourth set of B beams, ...}. The UE can select α ij Value and β ij values ​​and report them to the base station. In this case, α ij Value and β ij The candidate values ​​of α can be configured or specified by the base station. Alternatively, the UE can freely choose α ij Value and β ij In this case, the quantization level (how many bits each value will be represented with) may be specified / set in relation to the reporting of these values, and the UE may select / report candidate values ​​based on this.

[0239] Similar to the above example, rules for generating set A candidates or a main set for set A may be defined / configured. Specifically, the beams of set B may be arranged in the form of vectors, and each set A candidate or a main set for set A may be generated in the form of a matrix product or a vector product for the vectors.

[0240] The above method has the following advantages. Even if the absolute / relative beam angle information or beam width information for set B and set A is not provided, the UE AI / ML can determine the preferred set A based on the measurement results of set B through the relationship between the candidate set A beams and set B beams specified / configured above. Considering the performance of UE AI / ML training / inference, the base station may have to ensure that (set A beams and) set B beams meet certain conditions. For example, set B beams can help achieve a certain level of AI / ML training / inference performance by ensuring that the beamforming angle difference is the same and the beam width is the same.

[0241] An example of configuration of input / output parameters of the UE AI / ML model based on the above example implementation is as follows.

[0242] AI / ML input parameters: Aggregate B-beam ID, Measured RSRP of Aggregate B-beam (and Rx beam properties (angle, beamwidth, etc.))

[0243] AI / ML output: coefficients of combined beam ID (or set A candidate index) and predicted RSRP

[0244] The input parameters may include at least one of the RS ID associated with the set B beam, the RSRP of the set B beam, and / or the Rx beam characteristics. The AI / ML of the UE may determine the combination coefficients (e.g., α ij Value and β ij value), index and / or predicted RSRP (e.g., the RSRP of the beams in set A).

[0245] The reporting of the configuration / attributes of the set A beam proposed in method 1 is used for beam reporting for set A. For beam reporting for set A, the existing beam reporting method can be used / utilized, that is, the method of reporting the beam RS ID (CRI or SSBRI) and quality value (e.g., L1-RRP / SINR) for the corresponding RS.

[0246] However, set A may include more beams than set B, which may result in an excessive increase in UCI payload. In this case, higher granularity (e.g., larger UCI payload) may be applied to some (high-quality) beams, and lower granularity (e.g., smaller UCI payload) may be applied to the remaining (low-quality) beams.

[0247] The report on the configuration / attributes of the UE's preferred set A may be reported together with or separately from the beam report on set A. If the configuration / attributes of the preferred set A do not change frequently, the latter may be a more efficient method. Regarding the method of reporting the configuration / attributes of set A, the following example of method 1-1 may be considered.

[0248] Method 1-1

[0249] The reporting on the configuration / attributes of the UE preferred set A may be performed based on one or more of the following approaches 1) to 3).

[0250] Path 1) Report together with beam report for set A (e.g., CRI / SSBRI+L1-RSRP / SINR report)

[0251] Path 2) Report separately from beam reporting for Set A (based on periodic / non-periodic events)

[0252] Approach 3) Implicit reporting via beam reporting for set B

[0253] Approach 1 is a method for reporting set A configuration / attribute information together with beam reporting for set A, and may be more useful in an environment where the configuration / attribute of set A preferred by the UE changes frequently. In addition, approach 1 has an advantage in terms of implementation complexity of UE / base station operation because the existing beam reporting method is utilized.

[0254] According to an embodiment, the indicator of set A may be reported by being included in the UCI together with the beam reporting information (CRI / SSBRI+L1-RSRP / SINR) based on set A. If the "configuration / attribute information of set A" is sent to the UCI together with the beam reporting for set A, the indicator of the "configuration / attribute information of set A" may be subjected to a separate UCI coding process together with the beam reporting information for set A (e.g., part I CSI in two-part CSI coding). This may be particularly necessary when the size of set A (e.g., the number of beams included) varies depending on the report of the UE.

[0255] For example, when the UE performs beam reporting for set A after including 16 beam RSs in set A, each beam RS ID (e.g., CRI / SSBRI) is represented by 4 bits. When the UE performs beam reporting for set A after including 64 beam RSs in set A, each beam RS ID (e.g., CRI / SSBRI) must be expressed by 6 bits. As described above, since the configuration of set A (e.g., the number of beams) may vary for each beam report, information about set A must be encoded and reported separately. Specifically, information about set A selected by the UE (e.g., configuration / attribute information of set A) may be reported (by being encoded) as part I of the CSI, and beam reporting information may be reported (by being encoded) as part II. Through the above operations, ambiguity when the base station interprets UCI can be eliminated.

[0256] If the size of set A is fixed or set by the base station, there is no need to use the above-mentioned separate encoding method, and it can be processed together with the beam report in a single encoding process. That is, the configuration / attribute information of set A and the beam for set A can be encoded and reported together.

[0257] Approach 2 is a method of reporting the configuration / attribute information of set A separately from the beam report for set A, and may be reported via MAC-CE or UCI, etc. Approach 2 has an advantage in terms of signaling overhead because the configuration / attribute information of set A is not reported each time beam reporting is performed. Approach 2 may be useful in an environment where the configuration / attribute of set A does not change frequently.

[0258] For example, the report of the configuration / attribute information of set A may be triggered by the base station at a certain period. For example, the report of the configuration / attribute information of set A may be triggered by the base station aperiodically. For example, the UE may perform the report of the configuration / attribute information of set A based on an event. The following describes the event-based reporting operation using the specific example of the above event.

[0259] For example, if the configuration / attribute information of set A currently determined by the UE is different from the configuration / attribute information of set A reported in advance (or if the configuration / attribute information of set A reported in advance is out of date), the UE may perform a report on the configuration / attribute information of set A.

[0260] For example, if the quality of the pre-reported set A beams is lower than a certain level, the UE may perform reporting of the configuration / attribute information of set A.

[0261] Event based reporting may be performed via MAC-CE. Scheduling request resources (eg, PUCCH, PRACH) predefined for reporting via MAC-CE may be used. Separate scheduling request resources may be allocated / configured for reporting via MAC-CE.

[0262] In the application of approach 2, the ACK information of the NW for the configuration / attribute information of set A reported by the UE may be defined. It may be specified / configured so that the reported configuration / attribute information of set A is applied after the ACK (after a certain time). For example, it may be assumed that the reported configuration / attribute information of set A is applied to the beam report for set A performed after a certain time (i.e., after a certain time has passed after receiving the ACK). The UE may perform beam reporting based on set A applying the reported configuration / attribute information of set A.

[0263] For example, the "application time of the reported set A" can be defined based on the UE operation, rather than after the ACK of the base station. Specifically, the "application time of the reported set A" can be defined as "after a certain period of time after the UE performs the corresponding report (i.e., the report on the configuration / attribute information of set A)".

[0264] For example, the “application time of the reported set A” may be defined differently from the above example (eg, based on a time of an operation different from an ACK operation of the base station and a reporting operation of the UE).

[0265] According to approach 3, the configuration / setting information of set A can be implicitly reported through a beam report for set B (configured / triggered separately from the beam report for set A). The above operation can match set A between the NW and the UE. In other words, the above operation can match the set A used by the NW and the set A preferred by the UE. The advantage of this approach is that, in addition to the payload for the existing beam report (beam report for set B), no separate / additional payload is required to report the configuration / attribute information of set A.

[0266] For example, the base station may pre-configure the relationship between the candidate beams of set A and the beams of set B directly or indirectly to the UE. The relationship may be configured based on quasi co-location (QCL) or transmission configuration indicator (TCI). The QCL may be configured by a qcl type as a spatial Rx parameter (type D). If the UE selects and reports the best beam RS from set B (e.g., the RS with the highest RSRP / SINR), rules may be defined / configured so that set A is generated in combination with the reported RS (e.g., RS resource ID). In other words, the configuration / attributes of set A may be determined based on the RS (RS resource ID) of set B reported by the UE. Specifically, the configuration / attributes of set A may be determined / changed / updated based on the RS (RS resource ID) of set B reported by the UE.

[0267] A rule may be predefined such that set A is generated (or the configuration / attributes of set A are determined) based on the reported RS (RS resource ID) of set B. A specific example of the rule is described below.

[0268] For example, the set A determined / generated based on the above rules (i.e., UE preference set A) may include at least one RS having a QCL relationship with the RS selected from set B. The above rules may be defined / configured so that the determined / generated set A includes N RSs having a specific relationship with at least one RS.

[0269] Examples of "specific relationships" are as follows.

[0270] For example, RSs having a "specific relationship" among RSs associated with set A candidate beams may include RSs in which, based on the RS index of set ARS corresponding to the selected RS index, the index value difference (or the modulus of the index value difference) is within a certain range.

[0271] In the RS with a "specific relationship", the difference (modulus value) between the index of the set A RS corresponding to the selected RS index and the corresponding RS index can be within a specific range. In the RS with a "specific relationship", the difference (modulus value) between the index of the set A RS corresponding to the selected RS index and the corresponding RS index can be a multiple of a specific integer.

[0272] The set ARS corresponding to the selected RS index may refer to an RS associated with a set A candidate beam having a QCL relationship with an RS based on the selected RS index (RS associated with a set B beam).

[0273] The following description is based on the assumption that RSs associated with the set A candidate beams are RS indexes 0 to 20 and the RS index having a QCL relationship with the RS index selected from the set B is 20.

[0274] For example, the RS having a "specific relationship" with RS index 20 may include RS indexes 17 to 19 whose difference with RS index 20 is less than or equal to 3. For example, the RS having a "specific relationship" with RS index 20 may include RS index 3, RS index 4, RS index 7, RS index 8, RS index 11, RS index 12, RS index 15, RS index 16, and RS index 19 whose modulus value of the difference with RS index 20 is less than or equal to 1. For example, the RS having a "specific relationship" with RS index 20 may include RS index 2, RS index 6, RS index 10, RS index 14, and RS index 18 whose modulus value of the difference with RS index 20 is an integer multiple of 2.

[0275] For another example, set A may include RSs having beam angles within a certain range of beam angles of set A RSs corresponding to the selected RS index. In other words, among the RSs associated with the set A candidate beams, the RSs having a "specific relationship" may include RSs having beam angles within a certain range based on the beam angles of the RSs corresponding to the selected RS index. The difference between the beam angles of the RSs having the "specific relationship" and the beam angles of the RSs corresponding to the selected RS index may be less than or equal to a certain value. The set A RSs corresponding to the selected RS index may refer to RSs associated with the set A candidate beams having a QCL relationship with the RSs based on the selected RS index (RSs associated with the beams of set B).

[0276] For the last example, the UE may need to be notified of the beam angle information of each RS in advance. As another example, the base station may preconfigure or specify the set A beam determined / selected based on each set B beam through a specific rule. The following is a specific example of the set A beam determined / selected based on the reported set B beam.

[0277] Example 1) If the UE reports CRI#0 of set B, then set A includes {CRI#0, CRI#2, CRI#4, CRI#6}.

[0278] Example 2) If the UE reports CRI#1 of set B, then set A includes {CRI#1, CRI#3, CRI#5, CRI#7}

[0279] Method 2

[0280] If the size of set A (e.g., the number of beams) changes (by UE selection / reporting), the following problems may occur in periodic beam reporting or semi-static beam reporting for set A. Problems may arise in cases where the UCI payload size may change during beam reporting (i.e., after a beam report and before the next beam report is performed). Specifically, the UCI payload size associated with the next beam report may be different from the UCI payload size associated with the beam report that has been previously performed. Some solutions to this problem are proposed below.

[0281] Method A: (implemented) method where the base station performs PUCCH / PUSCH allocation considering the worst case or the UE selects a set size suitable for the payload limitation

[0282] Method B: Method of applying CSI omission / dropping rules when the changed UCI payload size exceeds the maximum UCI payload size allocated by the base station

[0283] Method C: Introducing a dynamic reconfiguration / selection method for PUCCH / PUSCH resources

[0284] Method D: A method for performing beam reporting based on a specific prescribed / configured beam reporting method when the changed UCI payload size exceeds the maximum UCI payload size allocated by the base station

[0285] The above-mentioned methods A to D may be applied together with method 1. However, the above-mentioned embodiment is not limited thereto and may be applied separately from method 1.

[0286] According to method A, the following base station operation and / or UE operation may be performed: The base station may allocate UCI payload based on the maximum number of beams that can constitute set A. The UE may perform reporting for set A based on the UCI payload limit allocated by the base station.

[0287] According to method B, the following UE operations may be performed: If the UCI payload size associated with the beam report for set A is larger than the UCI payload limit assigned by the base station (e.g., the maximum payload size associated with UCI), the UE may omit some information in the beam report or may discard the report itself.

[0288] Specific examples regarding omitted information are described below.

[0289] For example, the beam information corresponding to the minimum RSRP / SINR may be omitted first.

[0290] For example, the UE may prioritize reporting beam ID information and omit beam quality information (RSRP / SINR) (for some / all beams). In other words, if the UCI payload size is larger than the pre-assigned payload limit at the time of the UE's beam reporting, the beam quality information (RSRP / SINR) may be omitted first.

[0291] For example, the UE may report the beam quality value (eg, RSRP / SINR) for each beam using fewer bits.

[0292] In the above example, the UE may additionally report that the UE has omitted / compressed some information (via Part I CSI in two-part encoding) (e.g., a 1-bit indicator for whether omitted / compressed). Specifically, the 1-bit indicator for whether omitted / compressed may be included in Part I of the CSI.

[0293] According to method C, dynamic reconfiguration / selection of PUCCH / PUSCH resources may be performed to quickly reconfigure PUCCH / PUSCH resources to match the size of the change in set A.

[0294] For example, the base station may configure each of the PUCCH resources according to the range of CSI payload size to the UE via RRC. The UE may select and apply the PUCCH resource based on the reported CSI payload.

[0295] For example, for semi-persistent CSI on PUSCH, the MCS, time / frequency resource allocation information, etc. of PUSCH can be indicated via activating MAC-CE.

[0296] The purpose of the operation according to the above example is to enable the corresponding value to be adjusted at the beginning of transmission and / or during transmission. The corresponding value may include a value related to the configuration of PUCCH / PUSCH resources.

[0297] For the second example, the application time of the changed value may apply the general activation time for MAC-CE. For example, after 3ms has passed since the UE's ACK for the PDSCH including the MAC-CE, the changed value (eg, the changed PUSCH resource configuration-related value) may be applied.

[0298] According to method D, if the UCI payload size associated with beam reporting for set A is greater than the UCI payload limit assigned by the base station, beam reporting may be performed based on a specific prescribed / configured beam reporting method.

[0299] The specific implementation of the "specifically specified / configured beam reporting method" is described below.

[0300] According to an embodiment, the UE may perform beam reporting based on set B. This is because the number of beams included in set B will not be greater than the number of beams included in set A.

[0301] According to an embodiment, some beams in the set A beams reported by the UE based on the specified / configured rule may be excluded to configure the set A (reduced set A). The UE may perform periodic / semi-persistent beam reporting based on the "reduced set A". For example, beams corresponding to a specific order / index may be excluded from the set A to configure the reduced set A. For example, beams corresponding to a specific RS type (e.g., CSI-RS or SSB, removed in the order of aperiodic RS, semi-persistent RS, and periodic RS, or removed in the reverse order) may be excluded to configure the reduced set A.

[0302] According to an embodiment, the base station may configure or specify the reference set A to be used / applied in the above case (i.e., UCI payload size related to beam reporting for set A>UCI payload limit). The UE may report based on the reference set A. For example, the reference set A may be configured / specified based on a combination of specific indexes in the main set A. For example, the reference set A may be configured / specified as a candidate corresponding to a specific order (e.g., the first one) among the set A candidates.

[0303] According to an embodiment, the UE may perform beam reporting based on set A that has been previously reported (ie, not exceeding the allocated UCI payload).

[0304] In the above example, the UE may additionally report that the UE performs reporting based on a specific specified / configured beam reporting method (via Part I CSI in two-part encoding) (e.g., a 1-bit indicator for whether the specified / configured beam reporting method is applied). Specifically, a 1-bit indicator for whether the specified / configured beam reporting method is applied may be included in Part I of the CSI.

[0305] In the above method, the relationship between set A and set B can be specified / configured by a specific rule / formula. For example, it can be assumed that set A and set B are generated from the same antenna port / element by the same beam / precoder generation rule (for example, generating a beam set by DFT matrix multiplication). In this case, the relationship in which set B is included in set A can be defined by making the oversampling factor between set A and set B different. For example, the oversampling factor of set A can be 4, while the oversampling factor of set B can be 1.

[0306] In the above embodiments, the reference time used to determine set A and / or the reported beam and predicted RSRP / SINR can be based on i) set B measurement time (e.g., time based on existing CSI reference resources) or ii) future time.

[0307] For example, the embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied together with beam prediction for a future time. In this case, the information reported based on the embodiments of the present disclosure (e.g., configuration / attribute information of set A and beam information of set A) may be configuration / setting information of set A for a future time and beam information of set A. The future time may be based on the time of the CSI-RS reference resource or the time after the reporting time.

[0308] Although the technology proposed in the present disclosure has been described based on AI / ML on the UE side, this does not mean that the technology proposed in the present disclosure can be applied only to the AI / ML implementation environment of the UE. The technology proposed in the present disclosure can be applied to the AI / ML implementation environment on the base station / NW side or a non-AI / ML environment, etc. In addition, the technology proposed in the present disclosure can be applied to side link communication. Specifically, in the technology proposed in the present disclosure, the base station / NW can be changed to another UE and applied.

[0309] From an implementation perspective, the operation of the base station / UE according to the above embodiment (for example, based on method 1 and method 1-1, approach 1) to approach 3), method 2 or at least one of methods A to D) can be performed by the following description. Figure 7 Devices (e.g. Figure 7 Processors 110 and 210).

[0310] The operation of the base station / UE according to the above embodiment (for example, based on method 1 and method 1-1, approach 1) to approach 3), method 2 or at least one of methods A to D) can be used to run at least one processor (for example, Figure 7 The processors 110 and 210) are stored in the form of commands / programs (e.g., instructions, executable code) in the memory (e.g., Figure 7 in memory 140 and 240).

[0311] Reference below Figure 4 The signaling process based on the above implementation is described in detail.

[0312] Figure 4 A signaling process according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is illustrated.

[0313] More specifically, Figure 4An example of signaling between a user equipment (UE) and a network (NW) based on the above-mentioned methods (e.g., method 1 and method 1-1, approach 1) to approach 3), method 2, or at least one of methods A to D) is illustrated. UE / NW is only an example and can be replaced by various devices as described above. Figure 4 It is only for the convenience of explanation and does not limit the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, depending on the situation and / or setting, it can be omitted. Figure 4 Some of the steps shown. Figure 4 In the present invention, NW may correspond to any entity such as a base station (BS), a node B, or a TRP belonging to a network.

[0314] In S405, the UE may report UE capability information to the NW. The UE capability information may include information related to the UE AI / ML model (training / inference), and reporting information on whether beam prediction is possible.

[0315] In S410, the UE may receive configurations related to the set B beams and the set A (candidate) beams from the NW. The configuration may include ID information for the beam, transmission period, time / frequency position information, sequence information, information about the relationship between RSs (e.g., whether there is a QCL), beam angle information, and information related to the beam width.

[0316] After the beam-related configuration in S410, in S415, the base station may send beam RSs belonging to set B to the UE, and the UE may perform measurement on these beam RSs.

[0317] The UE that performs the above-mentioned beam-related configuration (S410) information and measurement for set B (S415) can determine the configuration / attribute of the preferred set A based on the corresponding configuration and measurement values. In S420, the UE's AI / ML can be utilized / applied in the process.

[0318] Then, in S425 , the UE may send information on the configuration / attributes of the selected set A to the NW.

[0319] After step S425, the UE may additionally perform beam reporting for set A. Alternatively, the beam reporting process may be included in step S425.

[0320] As mentioned above, the above NW / UE signaling and operations can be performed by Figure 7 For example, the NW may correspond to the first device 100, and the UE may correspond to the second device 200. In some cases, the opposite case may also be considered.

[0321] For example, the above NW / UE signaling and operations can be performed by Figure 7 The NW / UE signaling and operations described above may be stored in a memory (e.g., Figure 7 in memory 140 and 240).

[0322] Below, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The above embodiments are described in detail from the perspective of the operation of the UE and the base station. The methods described below are distinguished only for the convenience of explanation. Therefore, as long as these methods are not mutually exclusive, it is obvious that a part of the configuration of any method can be replaced by or combined with a part of the configuration of another method.

[0323] Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a user equipment according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0324] Reference Figure 5 According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the method performed by a user equipment in a wireless communication system includes: a step S510 of receiving configuration information; a step S520 of receiving a downlink reference signal (DLRS); and a step S530 of sending information related to UE preference.

[0325] In step S510, the UE receives configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS) from a base station. The configuration information may include information based on the above method 1 and / or method 2.

[0326] According to an embodiment, the configuration information may include information related to at least one of the following items: i) a first DL RS related to a beam of the first set and / or ii) a second DL RS related to a (candidate) beam of the second set.

[0327] Specifically, the configuration information may include at least one of the following 1) to 9).

[0328] 1) Beam ID information (e.g., information including at least one of an ID of a first DL RS associated with a beam of a first set and / or an ID of a second DL RS associated with a (candidate) beam of a second set)

[0329] 2) Transmission period and time / frequency position information of DL RS (eg, first DL RS and / or second DL RS)

[0330] 3) Sequence information related to a DL RS (eg, a first DL RS and / or a second DL RS)

[0331] 3) Information about the relationship between RSs (e.g., QCL information (QCL type D) configured between the first DL RS and the second DL RS or QCL information (QCL type D) configured between the antenna port of the first DL RS and the antenna port of the second DL RS)

[0332] 4) Beam angle information (e.g., absolute / relative information of beams associated with the first set and / or the second set, boresight direction, boresight angle (azimuth / zenith angle))

[0333] 5) Beamwidth information (e.g., 3dB beamwidth)

[0334] 6) A main set of candidate beams including the second set

[0335] 7) Candidates for configurations associated with the second set (e.g., candidates based on different numbers of beams)

[0336] 8) Candidates for attributes associated with the second set (e.g., candidates based on ranges of different beam angles)

[0337] 9) Relationship between beams of the first set and candidate beams that can be included in the second set

[0338] For example, the configuration information may include information related to the relationship between the beams of the first set and the candidate beams that may be included in the second set. The candidate beams of the second set may be defined / configured in the form of a linear combination based on one or more beams in the beams of the first set. The configuration information may include information about coefficients related to the linear combination (e.g., the above-mentioned α ij Value and β ij value) information.

[0339] According to an embodiment, the configuration information may be based on configuration information related to channel state information (CSI).

[0340] The configuration information may include at least one of the following items: i) CSI-interference management (IM) resource related information, ii) CSI measurement configuration related information, iii) CSI resource configuration related information, iv) CSI-RS resource related information, or v) CSI report configuration related information. For example, at least one of i) to v) may include information for at least one of 1) to 9). For example, CSI resource configuration related information (e.g., CSI-ResourceConfig IE of Table 1) may include ID information for a beam.

[0341] The first set may be based on set B of Table 5 above, and the second set may be based on set A of Table 5 above.

[0342] In the present disclosure, the "second set" may refer to a second set including candidate beams or a second set determined based on a configuration / attribute preferred by the UE (a configuration / attribute reported by the UE).

[0343] For example, the second DL RS associated with the (candidate) beam of the second set may include the first DL RS. That is, the first DL RS may be based on a subset of the second DL RS (Alternative 1 of Table 5 above).

[0344] For example, the second DL RS associated with the (candidate) beam of the second set may be different from the first DL RS. The beam of the first set may be different from the (candidate) beam of the second set. The first DL RS and the second DL RS may be based on different beams (alternative 2 of Table 5 above).

[0345] According to an embodiment, a quasi co-location (QCL) relationship may be configured between the first DL RS and the second DL RS. The QCL relationship may be configured by qcl-Type.

[0346] For example, the antenna port of the first DL RS may be QCL (quasi co-located) with the second DL RS under qcl-Type. For example, the antenna port of the second DL RS may be QCL with the first DL RS under qcl-Type.

[0347] qcl-Type can be configured as TypeD (spatial Rx parameters)

[0348] Information related to the QCL relationship may be included in the configuration information related to the CSI (e.g., information about the relationship between RSs). For example, the information related to the QCL relationship may include QCL information related to the corresponding first DL RS. The QCL information related to the corresponding first DL RS may include the ID of at least one second DL RS. The QCL information related to the corresponding first DL RS may also include information about qcl-Type (if qcl-Type is configured for each first DL RS).

[0349] In step S520, the UE receives at least one DL RS from the base station.

[0350] The at least one DL RS may be based on a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SS / PBCH block) (SSB) and / or a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS).

[0351] According to an embodiment, the at least one DL RS may be based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) beams of a first set and / or ii) (candidate) beams of a second set associated with the first set.

[0352] The multiple DL RSs may include at least one of: i) a first DL RS associated with a beam of the first set and / or ii) a second DL RS associated with a (candidate) beam of the second set.

[0353] In step S530 , the UE transmits information related to the UE preference determined based on the measurement of at least one DL RS.

[0354] In the present disclosure, "information related to UE preference" is merely an example of a term used to refer to information reported based on method 1 and / or method 2 (e.g., information related to the configuration / attribute of set A), and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the embodiments based on the present disclosure to this term. Specifically, in terms of indicating information determined / selected / recommended / reported by the UE regarding the determination of the configuration / attribute of the second set, the following terms may be used.

[0355] For example, information reported based on Method 1 and / or Method 2 may be referred to as “information determined based on measurement of at least one DL RS”.

[0356] For example, information reported based on method 1 and / or method 2 may be referred to as “UE-recommended information”.

[0357] For example, information reported based on method 1 and / or method 2 may be referred to as "UE selected information".

[0358] For example, information reported based on method 1 and / or method 2 may be referred to as "information reported by the UE".

[0359] The term "information related to UE preference" may be replaced by one of the terms based on the above examples.

[0360] According to an embodiment, the information related to the UE preference may be related to at least one of the following items: i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beam of the second set. This embodiment may be based on method 1. The information related to the UE preference may be information reported based on one of the approaches 1) to 3).

[0361] For example, the information related to UE preferences (in approach 1) or approach 2) may include information about configurations and / or attributes (e.g., information representing at least one of the candidate values ​​of the configurations and / or attributes related to the second set, information representing at least one of the candidates of the second set, etc.).

[0362] For example, the information related to the UE preference (in approach 3)) may include information for implicitly reporting information about configuration and / or properties (eg, at least one of the first DL RSs associated with the beams of the first set).

[0363] According to an embodiment, the configuration of the second set may be related to at least one of the following items: i) the beam determined among the candidate beams (eg, the candidate beams of the main set) and / or ii) the number of beams in the second set.

[0364] According to an embodiment, the property associated with the beams of the second set may be related to at least one of a beam direction, an angle associated with the beam, a beam width and / or a range of an angle associated with the beam.

[0365] According to an embodiment, the information related to the UE preference may be transmitted by being included in the channel state information (CSI). This embodiment may be based on approaches 1) to 3).

[0366] According to approach 1), the information related to the UE preference may be reported by including the information related to the UE preference and the information related to the beams of the second set together in the CSI.

[0367] Specifically, the CSI may include information on at least one of the following items: i) at least one second DL RS among the second DL RSs associated with the beam of the second set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the at least one second DL RS.

[0368] According to approach 3), the information related to the UE preference may be information for implicitly reporting the configuration / attributes of the second set (eg, information related to the beams of the first set).

[0369] Specifically, the CSI may include information for at least one of the following items: i) at least one of the first DL RSs associated with the beam of the first set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with at least one first DL RS. The information related to the UE preference may be information for at least one first DL RS. Based on the at least one first DL RS, i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) a property related to the beam of the second set may be determined.

[0370] According to an embodiment, information related to UE preference may be sent based on an event. This embodiment may be based on approach 2).

[0371] Event-based reporting may be performed as follows. For example, based on the pre-sent information related to UE preference being different from the information related to UE preference, information related to UE preference may be sent. For example, based on the beam quality value of a pre-reported DL RS (e.g., a second DL RS associated with a beam of a second set) via CSI being less than or equal to a specific value, information related to UE preference may be sent.

[0372] According to an embodiment, the second set of reports for CSI may be determined based on information related to UE preference.

[0373] The above method may further include a step of sending CSI. In this step, the UE sends the CSI to the base station.

[0374] The parameter included in the CSI may be determined / calculated based on measurement of at least one DL RS. The parameter included in the CSI may be a parameter based on "reportquantity".

[0375] For example, 'reportquantity' may be set to cri-RI-PMI-CQI, cri-RI-i1, cri-RI-i1-CQI, cri-RI-CQI, cri-RSRP, ssb-Index-RSRP, or cri-RI-LI-PMI-CQI.

[0376] Based on "reportquantity", CSI may include at least one of channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI), CSI-RS resource indicator (CRI), SSB resource block indicator (SSBRI), layer indicator (LI), rank indicator (RI), layer 1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP) or layer 1 signal-to-noise and interference ratio (L1-SINR).

[0377] CSI may be reported periodically, semi-continuously, or aperiodically.

[0378] The CSI may be sent on the Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) or the Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH).

[0379] Periodic CSI reporting is performed on short PUCCH or long PUCCH. Semi-persistent (SP) CSI reporting is performed on short PUCCH, long PUCCH or PUSCH. Aperiodic CSI reporting is performed on PUSCH and is triggered by DCI. In this case, information related to the triggering of aperiodic CSI reporting can be sent / indicated / configured via MAC-CE.

[0380] The CSI may include information related to the second set of beams estimated / determined based on the AI / ML model of the UE. For example, the input of the AI / ML model may be information based on measurements of at least one DL RS (e.g., L1-RSRP related to the beams of the first set and / or L1-SINR related to the beams of the first set). The output of the AI / ML model may be information related to the second set of beams (e.g., RS ID related to the beams of the second set, RSRP related to the beams of the second set, and / or SINR related to the beams of the second set).

[0381] According to an embodiment, the CSI may include information for at least one of the following items: i) at least one second DL RS in the second DL RS associated with the determined beam of the second set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with at least one second DL RS. In this case, the second set (size) for reporting CSI may vary. Therefore, the UCI payload (ie, number of bits) based on CSI may not meet the UCI payload limit (e.g., maximum UCI payload size). Specifically, if CSI is reported periodically or semi-continuously, the above problem may occur. In order to solve this problem, embodiments based on methods A to D may be considered. This is described in detail below.

[0382] According to an embodiment, the size of the second set of reports for CSI may be determined based on a maximum payload size associated with uplink control information (UCI) (method A).

[0383] According to an embodiment, according to the UCI payload size based on the CSI being greater than the maximum payload size associated with the UCI, a portion of the information for at least one second DL RS and / or the information for the beam quality value associated with at least one second DL RS may be omitted from the CSI (method B). The maximum payload size associated with the UCI may be determined based on a higher layer parameter 'maxPayloadSize'.

[0384] According to an embodiment, a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource for transmission of CSI may be determined based on the payload size of CSI. The determined PUCCH resource may be one of the PUCCH resources configured for each payload size (method C).

[0385] According to an embodiment, based on the UCI payload size based on the CSI being greater than the maximum payload size associated with the UCI, a reduced second set (e.g., the reduced set A described above) excluding at least one beam from the determined second set of beams may be generated (method D). The CSI may include information for at least one of the following items: i) one or more second DL RSs based on the reduced second set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the one or more second DL RSs.

[0386] The operations based on the above steps S510 to S530 and the CSI sending step can be performed by Figure 7 For example, the UE 200 may control one or more transceivers 230 and / or one or more memories 240 to perform operations based on steps S510 to S530.

[0387] The above implementation is described in detail below from the perspective of base station operation.

[0388] Steps S610 to S630 and the CSI receiving step described below correspond to those in reference Figure 5 In consideration of the above correspondence, redundant descriptions are omitted. That is, the detailed description of the base station operation described below can be used in conjunction with the base station operation corresponding to the steps S510 to S530 and the CSI sending step. Figure 5 For example, Figure 5 The description / implementation of steps S510 and S530 in the above may be additionally applied to the base station operation of steps S610 and S630 described below. For example, the description / implementation of the above CSI transmission step may be additionally applied to the base station operation of the CSI reception step described below.

[0389] Figure 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method performed by a base station according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0390] Reference Figure 6 According to another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system includes: a step S610 of sending configuration information, a step S620 of sending a downlink reference signal (DL RS), and a step S630 of receiving information related to UE preference.

[0391] In step S610, the base station transmits configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS) to the UE.

[0392] In step S620, the base station sends at least one DL RS to the UE.

[0393] In step S630 , the base station receives, from the UE, information related to a UE preference determined based on measurement of at least one DL RS.

[0394] The method may further include a step of receiving CSI. In this step, the base station may receive CSI from the UE.

[0395] The operations based on the above steps S610 to S630 and the CSI receiving step can be performed by Figure 7 For example, the base station 100 may control one or more transceivers 130 and / or one or more memories 140 to perform operations based on steps S610 to S630 and a CSI receiving step.

[0396] Refer to the following Figure 7 The following describes a device to which the embodiments of the present disclosure are applicable (a device that implements the method / operation according to the embodiments of the present disclosure).

[0397] Figure 7 The configurations of the first device and the second device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure are illustrated.

[0398] The first device 100 may include a processor 110 , an antenna unit 120 , a transceiver 130 , and a memory 140 .

[0399] The processor 110 may perform signal processing related to the baseband, and includes a high-level processing unit 111 and a physical layer processing unit 115. The high-level processing unit 111 may process operations of a MAC layer, an RRC layer, or a higher layer. The physical layer processing unit 115 may process operations of a PHY layer. For example, if the first device 100 is a base station (BS) device in BS-UE communication, the physical layer processing unit 115 may perform uplink received signal processing, downlink transmitted signal processing, etc. For example, if the first device 100 is a first UE device in inter-UE communication, the physical layer processing unit 115 may perform downlink received signal processing, uplink transmitted signal processing, sidelink transmitted signal processing, etc. In addition to performing signal processing related to the baseband, the processor 110 may also control the overall operation of the first device 100.

[0400] The antenna unit 120 may include one or more physical antennas, and if the antenna unit 120 includes multiple antennas, MIMO transmission / reception is supported. The transceiver 130 may include a radio frequency (RF) transmitter and an RF receiver. The memory 140 may store information processed by the processor 110 and software, an operating system, and applications related to the operation of the first device 100. The memory 140 may also include components such as a buffer.

[0401] In the embodiments described in the present disclosure, the processor 110 of the first device 100 may be configured to implement operations of a BS in BS-UE communication (or operations of a first UE device in inter-UE communication).

[0402] The second device 200 may include a processor 210 , an antenna unit 220 , a transceiver 230 , and a memory 240 .

[0403] The processor 210 may perform signal processing related to the baseband, and includes a high-level processing unit 211 and a physical layer processing unit 215. The high-level processing unit 211 may process operations of a MAC layer, an RRC layer, or a higher layer. The physical layer processing unit 215 may process operations of a PHY layer. For example, if the second device 200 is a UE device in BS-UE communication, the physical layer processing unit 215 may perform downlink received signal processing, uplink transmitted signal processing, etc. For example, if the second device 200 is a second UE device in inter-UE communication, the physical layer processing unit 215 may perform downlink received signal processing, uplink transmitted signal processing, side link received signal processing, etc. In addition to performing signal processing related to the baseband, the processor 210 may also control the overall operation of the second device 210.

[0404] The antenna unit 220 may include one or more physical antennas, and if the antenna unit 220 includes multiple antennas, MIMO transmission / reception is supported. The transceiver 230 may include an RF transmitter and an RF receiver. The memory 240 may store information processed by the processor 210 and software, operating systems, and applications related to the operation of the second device 200. The memory 240 may also include components such as a buffer.

[0405] In the embodiments described in the present disclosure, the processor 210 of the second device 200 may be configured to implement the operation of the UE in BS-UE communication (or the operation of the second UE device in inter-UE communication).

[0406] The description of the BS and the UE in BS-UE communication (or the first UE device and the second UE device in inter-UE communication) in the examples of the present disclosure are equally applicable to the operations of the first device 100 and the second device 200, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0407] In addition to LTE, NR, and 6G, the wireless communication technology implemented in the apparatus 100 and the apparatus 200 according to the present disclosure may also include a narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) for low-power communication. For example, the NB-IoT technology may be an example of a low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technology and may be implemented in standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2. The NB-IoT technology is not limited to the above names.

[0408] Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the apparatus 100 and the apparatus 200 according to the present disclosure may perform communication based on the LTE-M technology. For example, the LTE-M technology may be an example of the LPWAN technology and may be referred to as various names, such as enhanced machine type communication (eMTC). For example, the LTE-M technology may be implemented with at least one of various standards, such as 1) LTE CAT0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-BL (non-bandwidth limited), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication and / or 7) LTE M. The LTE-M technology is not limited to the above names.

[0409] Additionally or alternatively, in consideration of low power communication, the wireless communication technology implemented in the apparatus 100 and the apparatus 200 according to the present disclosure may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and a low power wide area network (LPWAN), and is not limited to the above names. For example, ZigBee technology may create a personal area network (PAN) related to small / low power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the following steps: Receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving the at least one DL RS; as well as sending information related to a UE preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS, wherein the at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set, and The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of the following items: i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) attributes related to the beam of the second set.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of DL RSs include at least one of: i) a first DL RS associated with the beam of the first set and / or ii) a second DL RS associated with the beam of the second set.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The second DL RS includes the first DL RS.

4. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The second DL RS is different from the first DL RS.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: A quasi co-site QCL relationship is configured between the second DL RS and the first DL RS.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The configuration of the second set is related to at least one of: i) a beam determined among pre-configured candidate beams and / or ii) the number of beams in the second set.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The properties associated with the beams in the second set are related to at least one of: a beam direction, an angle associated with the beam, a beam width and / or a range of the angle associated with the beam.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The information related to the UE preference is transmitted by being included in channel state information CSI.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein: The CSI includes information for at least one of the following items: i) at least one second DL RS among the second DL RSs associated with the beam in the second set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the at least one second DL RS.

10. The method according to claim 8, wherein: The CSI comprises information on at least one of: i) at least one of the first DL RSs associated with the beam in the first set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the at least one first DL RS, The information related to the UE preference is information for at least one first DL RS, and Wherein, based on the at least one first DL RS, i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) the property related to the beam of the second set is determined.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The information related to the UE preference is sent based on an event.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: Based on the fact that the pre-sent information related to the UE preference is different from the information related to the UE preference, the information related to the UE preference is sent.

13. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The information related to the UE preference is transmitted based on that a beam quality value of a DL RS reported in advance via channel state information CSI is less than or equal to a specific value.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein: A second set of reports for channel state information (CSI) is determined based on the information related to the UE preference.

15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising the steps of: sending the CSI, The CSI includes information on at least one of the following items: i) at least one second DL RS among the second DL RSs associated with the determined beam of the second set and / or ii) a beam quality value associated with the at least one second DL RS.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein: A size of the second set of reports for the CSI is determined based on a maximum payload size associated with uplink control information (UCI).

17. The method according to claim 15, wherein: According to the uplink control information UCI payload size based on the CSI being greater than the maximum payload size associated with the UCI: The information for the at least one second DL RS and / or a portion of the information for the beam quality value associated with the at least one second DL RS is omitted from the CSI.

18. The method according to claim 15, wherein: determining a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resource for transmitting the CSI based on the payload size of the CSI, and The determined PUCCH resource is one of the PUCCH resources configured for each payload size.

19. The method according to claim 15, wherein: According to the uplink control information UCI payload size based on the CSI being greater than the maximum payload size associated with the UCI: generating a reduced second set excluding at least one beam from the beams of the determined second set, and The CSI includes information on at least one of the following items: i) one or more second DL RSs based on the reduced second set and / or ii) beam quality values ​​associated with the one or more second DL RSs.

20. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The configuration information includes information related to a relationship between the beams in the first set and candidate beams that can be included in the second set.

21. A user equipment UE operating in a wireless communication system, the user equipment comprising: one or more transceivers; one or more processors; as well as one or more memories operatively connected to the one or more processors and storing instructions that upon execution by the one or more processors configure the one or more processors to perform operations, The operations include: Receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving the at least one DL RS; and sending information related to a UE preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS, wherein the at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set, and The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of the following items: i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) attributes related to the beam of the second set.

22. A device, comprising: one or more memories; as well as one or more processors, the one or more processors being operatively connected to the one or more memories, wherein the one or more memories include instructions that, upon being executed by the one or more processors, configure the one or more processors to perform operations, The operations include: Receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving the at least one DL RS; and sending information related to a user equipment UE preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS, wherein the at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set, and The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of the following items: i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) attributes related to the beam of the second set.

23. One or more non-transitory computer-readable media storing one or more instructions, in, The one or more instructions executable by one or more processors configure the one or more processors to perform operations, The operations include: Receiving configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal (DL RS); receiving the at least one DL RS; and sending information related to a user equipment UE preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS, wherein the at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set, and The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of the following items: i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) attributes related to the beam of the second set.

24. A method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the following steps: Sending configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal DL RS; sending the at least one DL RS; as well as receiving information related to a user equipment (UE) preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS, wherein the at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set, and The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of the following items: i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) attributes related to the beam of the second set.

25. A base station operating in a wireless communication system, the base station comprising: one or more transceivers; one or more processors; as well as one or more memories operatively connected to the one or more processors and storing instructions that upon execution by the one or more processors configure the one or more processors to perform operations, The operations include: Sending configuration information including information related to at least one downlink reference signal DL RS; transmitting the at least one DL RS; and receiving information related to a user equipment (UE) preference determined based on measurements of the at least one DL RS, wherein the at least one DL RS is based on a plurality of DL RSs associated with at least one of: i) a first set of beams and / or ii) a second set of beams associated with the first set, and The information related to the UE preference is related to at least one of the following items: i) the configuration of the second set and / or ii) attributes related to the beam of the second set.

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