A co-aperture high-gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle

Abstract

The present invention provides a co-aperture high-gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle, belonging to the field of communication technologies. The reconfigurable antenna is printed on a PCB substrate. Metal is printed on the lower surface of the reconfigurable antenna as a metal floor, and the upper surface is a metal patch. Slots are cut on the metal patch, and small patches serving as feed points are loaded on the slots. A vertical feed port and a horizontal feed port connected to coaxial probes are arranged on the reconfigurable antenna. The feed position of the vertical feed port deviates from the geometric center, and the feed is on the small patch on the x axis, and the feed position of the horizontal feed port is on the slot on the upper surface and is located at the geometric center. The present invention compactly integrates a pair of odd and even modes with high-order resonances onto a radiator, realizing a co-aperture high-gain antenna and solving the problems of single design and non-compact structure existing in traditional odd-even mode diversity antennas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of communication technologies, and particularly relates to a common-aperture high-gain pattern-reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of modern communication technologies such as 5G / 6G technologies, communication-sensing integration, space-air-ground integration, and everything-connected intelligent networking, wireless communication systems are evolving towards high speed, large capacity, low latency, and high reliability. As a core component of wireless communication systems, the performance of antennas directly determines the communication quality and channel capacity, becoming a key link to support the development of communication technologies. However, traditional antennas usually rely on specific electromagnetic characteristics, and their designs are often targeted at a fixed operating frequency, polarization mode, or beam direction. This limitation makes traditional antennas very restricted in actual application scenarios (such as the multipath effect in urban communication systems, the Doppler frequency shift phenomenon in high-speed mobile systems, electromagnetic interference in multi-user dense areas, etc.), resulting in significant degradation of signal quality and poor communication stability. In addition, traditional antennas are also unable to adaptively adjust according to different communication environments, with low channel capacity and unable to meet the growing transmission demand for communication throughput.

[0003] Reconfigurable antennas are based on traditional antenna technologies. By loading tunable devices such as switches and varactor diodes on the antennas, the current distribution on the surface of the antenna radiator is changed, thereby realizing intelligent control of electromagnetic characteristics in a certain dimension (such as the frequency, polarization, or radiation direction of the antenna, etc.). Compared with traditional antennas, it can largely achieve the switching of different operating modes in different application scenarios, integrate the functions of multiple antennas at a lower cost and in a smaller space, and at the same time avoid the mutual interference problem in multi-antenna systems. At the same time, it also contributes to the intelligence of communication scenarios, enabling wireless communication systems to automatically adjust their working states according to environmental changes and user needs, and improving the communication experience.

[0004] Electrically controlled pattern-reconfigurable antennas mainly achieve precise control of the far-field pattern by integrating key components such as PIN diodes, MEMS switches, varactor diodes, graphene, and liquid metals to change the current and field distributions of the radiation aperture. There are various methods to realize current pattern-reconfigurable antennas currently: (1) Designing a complex electrically controlled feeding network that can precisely control the excitation of each radiation unit; (2) Compact integration of multiple radiation units on the same aperture plane and matching with a specific radiation structure to generate different patterns; (3) Using mode analysis methods, such as eigenmode analysis, to explore the inherent electromagnetic modes of the antenna and achieve pattern reconstruction through combination; (4) Multi-port technology, independently controlling through multiple feeding ports to increase the flexibility of the pattern; (5) Using unique electromagnetic materials such as graphene and liquid metals; (6) Adopting a phased array with continuous beam scanning ability, which is also a common method to realize pattern reconstruction.

[0005] However, most current pattern-reconfigurable antennas still have many deficiencies: the antenna structure is complex, increasing the design and manufacturing costs; the size is large and the profile is high, restricting its application in small devices; the operating bandwidth is narrow, making it difficult to meet the requirements of multi-band communication; the number of switches is large but the number of pattern-reconfigurable states is small, which not only increases the circuit complexity and power consumption but also reduces the reconfiguration efficiency, etc.

[0006] The antenna designed based on the odd-even mode principle integrates the electromagnetic characteristics of the even mode and the odd mode. When the even mode works, an omnidirectional / double-beam radiation pattern is constructed; in the far field, the odd mode focuses on a specific direction to form a directional side radiation pattern. When the two work together, energy interference occurs in space, thereby generating a directional radiation beam: the energy on one side is superimposed and enhanced, enhancing the radiation effect of the pattern; on the other side, they cancel each other out, effectively suppressing the energy output in that direction. The strongest direction of this directional radiation is located in the angular region between the two radiation beams of the even mode and the odd mode, that is, the quasi-end-fire direction. In practical applications, the pattern-reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode often adopts a dual-port feeding mode, which is similar to the feeding methods of common-mode and differential-mode antennas. This dual-port design gives the antenna extremely high port isolation, which is also one of the prominent advantages of this type of antenna.

[0007] Currently, antennas based on the odd-even mode principle are roughly divided into two categories: one is to realize the excitation of the odd mode and the even mode on one antenna element by means of switching the feeding network / ports. The disadvantage is that only 2 pattern switches can be realized, and the feeding structure is usually a complex coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure; the other is to use two antenna elements, and both generally work in the fundamental mode, acting as the odd mode and the even mode respectively, and realizing four pattern states by means of the phase difference between the two ports. The disadvantage is that the antenna requires two radiation components, resulting in a relatively complex structure. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Aiming at the above deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a common-aperture high-gain pattern-reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle. The present invention compactly integrates a pair of high-order resonant odd mode and even mode onto a radiator, realizing a common-aperture high-gain antenna, and solving the problems of single design and non-compact structure existing in traditional odd-even mode diversity antennas.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a common-aperture high-gain pattern-reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle. The reconfigurable antenna is printed on a PCB substrate. The lower surface of the reconfigurable antenna is printed with metal as the metal floor. The upper surface of the reconfigurable antenna is a metal patch, and in the exact middle of the metal patch along xThe axis direction is cut with a slot, and a small patch serving as a feeding point is loaded on the slot. A vertical feeding port and a horizontal feeding port are arranged on the reconfigurable antenna. The vertical feeding port is connected with a coaxial probe. The feeding position of the vertical feeding port deviates from the geometric center, and the feeding position of the vertical feeding port is on x the small patch on the axis. The feeding position of the horizontal feeding port is on the slot on the upper surface and is located at the geometric center. Among them, the vertical feeding port with the loaded slot is a patch antenna, and the feeding method is offset feeding; a slot is cut on the metal patch to realize horizontal feeding, and a dipole antenna is obtained. Through the small patch on the metal patch, the dipole antenna is offset fed, and the dipole antenna and the patch antenna share a radiation aperture.

[0010] Further, when the reconfigurable antenna is regarded as a patch antenna form, the vertical feeding port is used. The metal patch is in the even mode, and there are symmetrically distributed bidirectional currents along the y axis direction, and the slot has no influence on the radiation of the reconfigurable antenna.

[0011] Still further, when the reconfigurable antenna is regarded as a dipole antenna form, the metal patch is regarded as a dipole, the horizontal feeding port is used, the polarization direction of the reconfigurable antenna is along the y axis, the current of the dipole is distributed along the y axis, the current is divided into three segments, the position of the dipole is close to the metal floor, and the radiation state becomes a directional pattern under the reflection action. Among them, the middle segment current has no effect due to the setting of the slot, and the currents on both sides are the same in magnitude and direction.

[0012] Still further, the dipole antenna and the patch antenna share a radiation aperture.

[0013] Still further, the patch antenna works in the even mode, and an inductive capacitance is introduced near the slot by using the offset feeding of the vertical feeding port to complete impedance matching; the dipole antenna is in the third-order mode, and the dipole antenna is offset fed through the small patch on the metal patch.

[0014] Still further, when only the vertical feeding port is used, a dual-beam pattern is generated;

[0015] When only the horizontal feeding port is used, a directional side-radiating single-beam pattern is generated;

[0016] When both the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port are used and the phase difference between the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port is 0°, a quasi-end-fire single-beam pattern is generated on one side;

[0017] When both the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port are used and the phase difference between the vertical feeding port and the horizontal feeding port is 180°, a quasi-end-fire single-beam pattern is generated on the other side.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0019] The present invention compactly integrates a pair of odd mode and even mode onto a radiator, realizing a common aperture antenna, and solving the problems of single design and non-compact structure of traditional odd-even mode diversity antennas.

[0020] The present invention introduces two ports, a vertical feeding port and a horizontal feeding port, realizing pattern reconfigurability of a total of four radiation modes (one broadside, one dual-beam, and two quasi-endfire).

[0021] The present invention designs an offset patch antenna, realizing impedance matching of the even mode patch antenna and simultaneously solving the problem of high antenna profile.

[0022] The present invention designs a dipole antenna close to the metal floor, solving the problem of high overall antenna profile.

[0023] The present invention designs an offset dipole antenna, realizing impedance matching of the odd mode dipole antenna.

[0024] The present invention introduces slots into the dipole antenna, solving the problem of inconsistent operating frequencies between the odd mode (third-order mode) of the dipole and the even mode (second-order mode) of the patch.

[0025] The present invention introduces slots into the dipole antenna, solving the multi-beam problem of the odd mode (third-order mode) of the dipole, and bringing the dipole close to the metal floor to realize a high-gain directional single beam.

[0026] The present invention introduces the secondary mode of the patch antenna as the even mode to realize high gain; introduces the third-order mode of the dipole antenna to realize high gain.

[0027] The reconfigurable antenna in the present invention is composed of a PCB, with low cost and simple structure. It only needs to print metal sheets and weld feeding wires, being easy to assemble and mass-produce; the reconfigurable antenna uses coaxial feeding, realizing good impedance matching in four reconfigurable states.

[0028] The novel common aperture reconfigurable antenna structure based on the odd-even mode principle proposed by the present invention uses offset to realize impedance matching and adds slots to realize single beam radiation of the third-order mode of the dipole. Description of the Drawings

[0029] Figure 1 is a 3D view of the reconfigurable antenna.

[0030] Figure 2 is the surface current distribution of the reconfigurable antenna operating in the patch second-order mode.

[0031] Figure 3 is the surface current distribution of the reconfigurable antenna operating in the dipole third-order mode.

[0032] Figure 4 of the reconfigurable antenna S 11 , S 12 and S 22 schematic diagrams.

[0033] Figure 5 is the dual-beam radiation pattern in the φ =90° plane when only the vertically-fed port is used.

[0034] Figure 6 is the single-beam broadside radiation pattern in the φ =90° plane when only the horizontally-fed port is used.

[0035] Figure 7 is the left quasi-endfire single-beam radiation pattern in the φ =90° plane when the phase difference between the vertically-fed port and the horizontally-fed port is 0°.

[0036] Figure 8 is the right quasi-endfire single-beam radiation pattern in the φ =90° plane when the phase difference between the vertically-fed port and the horizontally-fed port is 0°.

[0037] Wherein, 1 - PCB substrate, 2 - metal floor, 3 - metal patch, 4 - slot, 5 - small patch, 6 - coaxial probe, 7 - vertically-fed port, 8 - horizontally-fed port. Specific Embodiments

[0038] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention to facilitate those skilled in the art of the present technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art of the present technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions made using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0039] Embodiment

[0040] The present invention uses the principle of odd and even modes to design a planar high-gain pattern diversity antenna with a simple structure. The present invention solves the problem that the traditional odd and even mode reconfigurable antenna pattern multi-state and the simplification of the radiation unit cannot be taken into account at the same time, and can realize the switching of four patterns on only one radiation component. The present invention realizes the high gain function with the help of high-order modes, which is 3~5dBi higher than the gain of the previous odd and even mode antenna. A patch antenna with a vertical feeding port 7 loaded with a slot 4 in the middle is proposed, and the feeding method is offset feeding. The offset feeding method is used to achieve impedance matching and low profile functions, and at the same time, the patch antenna can work in the even mode (second-order mode) to generate dual beams. It is proposed to add a slot 4 in the middle of the metal patch 3 part on the upper surface of the antenna, thereby realizing horizontal feeding, and a dipole antenna can be obtained. Since this dipole antenna works in the odd mode (third-order mode), adding a slot 4 changes the current distribution and is close to the metal floor 2, and finally generates a directional single beam. Therefore, the present invention uses a co-aperture printed antenna to simultaneously realize the excitation of the patch antenna (even mode) and the dipole antenna (odd mode). By changing the excitation and phase difference of the two ports (vertical feed port 7 and horizontal feed port 8), four radiation modes are realized, namely: one side-fire, one dual-beam and two quasi-end-fire patterns. Due to its compact size, simple design, low cost and flexible beam control capability, the proposed antenna has become an effective solution for intelligent 5G communication application scenarios.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a co-aperture high-gain directional pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle. The reconfigurable antenna is printed on a PCB substrate 1. The lower surface of the reconfigurable antenna is printed with metal as a metal floor 2. The upper surface of the reconfigurable antenna is a metal patch 3, and a metal patch 3 is printed on the middle edge of the metal patch 3. x A slot 4 is cut in the axial direction, a small patch 5 as a feeding point is loaded on the slot 4, a vertical feeding port 7 and a horizontal feeding port 8 are arranged on the reconfigurable antenna, a coaxial probe 6 is connected to the vertical feeding port 7, the feeding position of the vertical feeding port 7 deviates from the geometric center, and the feeding position of the vertical feeding port 7 is x On the small patch 5 on the axis, the feeding position of the horizontal feeding port 8 is on the slot 4 on the upper surface, located at the geometric center, wherein the vertical feeding port 7 loaded with the slot 4 is a patch antenna, and the feeding mode is offset feeding; the slot 4 is cut on the metal patch 3 to realize horizontal feeding and obtain a dipole antenna, and the dipole antenna is offset fed through the small patch 5 on the metal patch 3, and the dipole antenna and the patch antenna share a radiation aperture.

[0042] In this embodiment, when the reconfigurable antenna is regarded as a patch antenna, the vertical feeding port 7 is used, and the metal patch 3 is in the even mode, along y A symmetrically distributed bidirectional current appears in the axial direction, and the slot 4 has no effect on the radiation of the reconfigurable antenna.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the reconfigurable antenna is regarded as a dipole antenna form, the metal patch 3 is regarded as a dipole, and the horizontal feeding port 8 is used. The polarization direction of the reconfigurable antenna is along y axis, and the current of the dipole is along y axis. The current is divided into three segments. The position of the dipole is close to the metal floor 2, and the radiation state becomes a directional pattern under the reflection effect. Among them, the middle segment current does not work due to the setting of the slot 4, and the currents on both sides are the same in magnitude and direction.

[0044] In this embodiment, the patch antenna operates in the even mode, and a capacitive reactance is introduced near the slot 4 by the offset feeding of the vertical feeding port 7 to complete impedance matching; the dipole antenna is in the third-order mode.

[0045] In this embodiment, when only the vertical feeding port 7 is used, a dual-beam pattern is generated;

[0046] When only the horizontal feeding port 8 is used, a directional broadside single-beam pattern is generated;

[0047] When both the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8 are used, and the phase difference between the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8 is 0°, a quasi-endfire single-beam pattern is generated on one side;

[0048] When both the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8 are used, and the phase difference between the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8 is 180°, a quasi-endfire single-beam pattern is generated on the other side.

[0049] Based on the odd-even mode principle, the present invention realizes planarization and low cost by using printed circuit board technology, integrates a pair of low-profile patch secondary modes (even modes) and dipole antenna third-order modes (odd modes) on one radiation element, and proposes a novel high-gain pattern-reconfigurable planar antenna for the 5G-N78 band, and gives an embodiment. The present invention provides an embodiment, that is, a pattern-reconfigurable antenna operating in the 5G-N78 band (3.80 GHz - 4.20 GHz).

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 the three-dimensional geometric structure of the proposed pattern-reconfigurable antenna is drawn. The reconfigurable antenna includes two metal layers printed on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate respectively. The lower surface of the reconfigurable antenna is entirely printed with metal as the metal floor 2, and the upper surface is a relatively large metal patch 3, and a slot 4 is cut along the x axis direction in the middle, and a small patch 5 is loaded on the slot 4 as the feeding point. The reconfigurable antenna has two feeding ports: one is a 50Ω coaxial probe 6 in the vertical direction, and its feeding position deviates from the geometric center, and the feeding point is at xon the small patch 5 on the axis; the other is a horizontal port, and the feeding position is on the slot 4 on the upper surface, located at the geometric center.

[0051] In this embodiment, when the reconfigurable antenna operates in the patch form, the vertical coaxial probe 6 is used. As Figure 2 shown, when the patch operates in the even mode, bidirectional currents symmetrically distributed along the y axis appear, and the current near the x axis is almost zero. Therefore, cutting a slot 4 along the x axis on the symmetry axis of the metal patch 3 will have no effect on the radiation of the patch antenna (the purpose of this operation is to assist dipole feeding and adjust the operating frequency of the dipole). In order to make the metal patch 3 operate in the even mode in the y direction, the feeding point needs to be set on the x axis, but a slot has been dug out, so an additional small patch 5 is added as the feeding point.

[0052] When the antenna operates in the dipole form, the metal patch 3 on the upper surface is regarded as a dipole, and the horizontal feeding method is used. The polarization direction of this antenna is along the y axis. As Figure 3 shown, the current of the dipole is distributed along the y axis, and the current is divided into three segments, and the middle segment is basically cancelled out, and the left and right segments are the same in size and direction. Different from the omnidirectional radiation generated by the traditional dipole antenna, this is because the placement position of this dipole is close to a metal floor 2, and under the reflection effect, the radiation state becomes a directional pattern. Here, the reasons for slotting along the x axis on the metal patch 3 can be explained. There are three reasons: First, if you want the dipole antenna to operate in the odd mode, you must feed at the middle position. Since the positive and negative poles of the dipole are printed in the form of patches on the upper surface of the dielectric board, a slot must be cut in the middle to add port excitation. Second, when the dipole antenna operates in the third order mode and the patch antenna operates in the second order mode, and they use the same radiation aperture, it will inevitably cause the operating frequency of the dipole antenna to be higher than that of the patch antenna. The slot 4 can reduce the resonant frequency of the dipole antenna, and the two are adjusted to the same operating frequency band. Third, the slot 4 makes the current at the middle position of the dipole cancel itself, avoiding the three-beam pattern in the third order mode and still generating a single-beam radiation pattern similar to the fundamental mode. To achieve a low profile, the height of the dielectric board should be reduced as much as possible. However, when the dipole antenna is very close to the metal floor, it will not radiate well, so an appropriate distance should be maintained.

[0053] Now discuss the issue of offset feeding. The patch antenna operates in the even mode, which is the second-order mode and will result in a relatively large shape of the patch. A relatively large metal patch 3 will generate a relatively large capacitive characteristic with the metal floor 2, which is not conducive to impedance matching. Using offset feeding can introduce a certain inductive current near the slot to help achieve impedance matching. The same is true for dipole antennas. Offset feeding is selected to cope with the influence of the inter-plate capacitance. It should be explained that Figure 1 The feeding point of the dipole is shown at the geometric center of the antenna. However, due to the small patch introduced by the patch antenna, the dipole is also equivalent to offset feeding.

[0054] Figure 4 The S-parameters of this antenna are plotted, including S 11 , S 12 and S 22 . It can be seen that S 11 there is a phenomenon of double resonance points. Among them, the low frequency is the fundamental mode resonance of the patch antenna polarized in the x direction, and the high frequency is the second-order mode resonance of the patch antenna polarized in the y direction. This invention only uses the frequency band of 3.80 - 4.20 GHz, so the low-frequency resonance point does not need to be considered. S12 is always lower than -40 dB. Thanks to the fact that one of the two ports is vertically polarized and the other is horizontally polarized, they have natural high isolation.

[0055] Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 plot four states of the reconfigurable radiation pattern of this antenna. When only the vertical feeding port 7 of the patch antenna is used, a dual-beam radiation pattern will be generated, and the gain reaches 6.4 dBi, as shown in Figure 5 ; when only the horizontal feeding port 8 of the dipole antenna is used, a directional broadside single-beam radiation pattern will be generated, and the gain reaches 9.0 dBi, as shown in Figure 6 ; when the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8 are used simultaneously, and a 0° phase difference is given between the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8, a left quasi-endfire single-beam radiation pattern will be generated, and the gain reaches 9.1 dBi, as shown in Figure 7 ; when the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8 are used simultaneously, and a 180° phase difference is given between the vertical feeding port 7 and the horizontal feeding port 8, a right quasi-endfire single-beam radiation pattern will be generated, and the gain reaches 9.1 dBi, as shown in Figure 8 . Figures 5 - 8In polar coordinate form, the numbers on the outer circle represent angles in degrees (°). The values on the radial coordinate axis represent gain in dBi. In spherical coordinates, a point in space is usually represented by three coordinates: radius r , polar angle θ and azimuth angle φ . In the present invention, on the " φ = 90° plane", it can be seen that when φ is fixed at 90°, the radiation pattern of the polar angle θ from 0° to 360° can be observed. Therefore, in the figure, the unit along the radius direction is gain (dBi), and the unit along the rotation angle direction is degrees (°).

[0056] This antenna has achieved advantages such as planarization, high gain, and multi-beam switching, and is suitable for application in intelligent 5G-NR systems.

Claims

1. A co-aperture high-gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle, characterized in that: The reconfigurable antenna is printed on a PCB substrate (1), a metal is printed on the lower surface of the PCB substrate (1) to serve as a metal floor (2), and a metal patch (3) is printed on the upper surface of the PCB substrate (1). x A slot (4) is cut in the axial direction, a small patch (5) as a feeding point is loaded on the slot (4), a vertical feeding port (7) and a horizontal feeding port (8) are arranged on the reconfigurable antenna, the vertical feeding port (7) is connected to a coaxial probe (6), the feeding position of the vertical feeding port (7) deviates from the geometric center, and the feeding position of the vertical feeding port (7) is at x On the small patch (5) on the axis, the feeding position of the horizontal feeding port (8) is on the slot (4) on the upper surface, located at the geometric center, wherein the vertical feeding port (7) loaded with the slot (4) is a patch antenna, and the feeding method is offset feeding; a slot (4) is cut on the metal patch (3), and a horizontal feeding port (8) is loaded on the slot (4) to realize horizontal feeding, thereby obtaining a dipole antenna, and the dipole antenna is offset fed through the small patch (5) on the metal patch (3), and the dipole antenna and the patch antenna share a radiation aperture.

2. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the reconfigurable antenna is considered as a patch antenna, the metal patch (3) is in the even mode, along the vertical feeding port (7). y A symmetrically distributed bidirectional current appears in the axial direction, and the slot (4) has no effect on the radiation of the reconfigurable antenna.

3. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the reconfigurable antenna is considered as a dipole antenna, the metal patch (3) is considered as a dipole, and the horizontal feeding port (8) is used. The polarization direction of the reconfigurable antenna is along y axis, the dipole current flows along y Axis distribution, the current is divided into three sections, the position of the dipole is close to the metal floor (2), and the radiation state becomes a directional pattern under the reflection effect. Among them, the current in the middle section has no effect due to the setting of the slot (4), and the current on both sides has the same magnitude and direction.

4. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The patch antenna operates in an even mode, and an inductive capacitor is introduced near the slot (4) by using the bias feed of the vertical feeding port (7) to achieve impedance matching; The dipole antenna is a third-order mode, and the dipole antenna is bias-fed through a small patch (5) on the metal patch (3).

5. The common aperture high gain pattern reconfigurable antenna based on the odd-even mode principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: When only the vertical feed port (7) is used, a dual beam pattern is produced; When only the horizontal feed port (8) is used, a directional side-firing single beam pattern is produced; When the vertical feeding port (7) and the horizontal feeding port (8) are used simultaneously, and a phase difference of 0° is provided between the vertical feeding port (7) and the horizontal feeding port (8), a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern is generated on one side; When the vertical feeding port (7) and the horizontal feeding port (8) are used simultaneously, and a phase difference of 180° is provided between the vertical feeding port (7) and the horizontal feeding port (8), a quasi-end-fire single beam pattern is generated on the other side.

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