Postoperative training method for arteriovenous fistula patient

Abstract

The invention discloses a post-operation training method for an arteriovenous fistula patient, which comprises the following steps of: S1, performing first-stage training, clenching fists, and winding an inflatable sleeve of an automatic blood pressure instrument at a position which is 20cm away from an anastomotic stoma of the arteriovenous fistula; s2, measuring and calculating the real-time blood pressure of the patient by the automatic blood pressure meter, and inflating and pressurizing; s3, in the inflation process, pressurization is gradually carried out, and the fistula side arm is pressurized according to the pressurization pressure of 40% of the real-time systolic pressure; s4, performing four groups of pressurization and pressure release training 60 times each time, performing pressurization for 5 minutes each time, performing intermittent relaxation for 1 minute, performing intermittent relaxation between groups for 2 hours, and performing training for 6 hours each day. The sphygmomanometer is combined with various forms of exercises and auxiliary advanced instruments, blood circulation of a wound is accelerated and adjusted, the rehabilitation speed is greatly increased, meanwhile, three-stage treatment is performed by adopting a progressive means, the adaptive capacity of a patient body is guaranteed, the exercise forms are reasonably planned, and rapid rehabilitation of internal arteriovenous fistula is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of postoperative training for arteriovenous fistulas, and particularly to a postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistulas. Background Art

[0002] An arteriovenous internal fistula is a surgical procedure of blood vessel anastomosis, which is a blood vessel formed by directly connecting an artery and a vein. Through this passage, venous blood is introduced into the artery. Arteriovenous internal fistulas are widely used in renal dialysis and are usually established through surgical means. An arteriovenous internal fistula is an artificial passageway. Two tubes can be established on the patient's arm through surgical procedures or radiological interventions, one is an artery and the other is a vein. During the operation, a peripheral artery with a larger diameter is horizontally connected to a superficial vein, and these two tubes are connected. In this way, a higher bottom volume and a higher blood flow rate can be formed in the venous blood to meet the large amount of blood flow required in renal dialysis.

[0003] After arteriovenous internal fistula treatment, regular examinations and maintenance are required to ensure its normal operation and effectiveness. Currently, in order to further promote its recovery, patients are allowed to undergo postoperative training. The conventional method is to exercise in the form of inflation and pressurization. For example, the patent for an arteriovenous fistula training control method, device, and storage medium with the application number 202310516028.X and the patent for an internal fistula postoperative functional exercise device with the application number 201910248054.2. Although the two patents can exercise, the accuracy of inflation pressure is not fixed, and the impact of pressure on the recovery speed cannot be determined, which affects the recovery effect. In addition, there is no scientific and reasonable exercise plan, which further affects the exercise recovery effect. Therefore, we propose a postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistulas to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art and propose a postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistulas.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistulas includes the following steps: S1. Conduct the first-stage exercise. Clench the fist, and then wrap the inflation cuff of the automatic blood pressure monitor around the arm 20 cm away from the arteriovenous fistula anastomosis. S2. The automatic blood pressure monitor measures the patient's real-time blood pressure and performs inflation and pressurization. S3. During the inflation process, gradually increase the pressure and pressurize the affected arm according to 40% of the real-time systolic blood pressure as the pressurization pressure. S4. Conduct 4 sets of pressurization and decompression training, 60 times each time. Pressurize for 5 minutes each time, with an intermittent relaxation time of 1 minute. The interval between sets is 2 hours, and the daily exercise time is 6 hours. S5. The training is set for 4 weeks, with each week consisting of 3 days, for a total of 12 days of training. S6. Conduct the second-stage exercise, performing finger opposition movements, raising and lowering the straight arm, and wrist rotation movements. S7. The training is set for 3 sets, with an intermittent relaxation time of 5 minutes, and 10 - 20 repetitions for each set of movements. S8. Develop a virtual rehabilitation system. The patient wears a wearable flexible sensor glove and a VR headset to simulate daily movements such as unscrewing a bottle cap and holding a water cup. At the same time, the wearable flexible sensor glove monitors the posture, and the patient conducts unscheduled independent exercises. S9. Conduct the third-stage exercise, appropriately perform aerobic exercises such as walking and stretching, and at the same time perform ultrasonic therapy and microwave therapy to assist blood circulation, once a week for 3 weeks.

[0006] Preferably, as described in step S1, the cuff uses a wearable temperature-controlled cuff. The position of the wearable temperature-controlled cuff should be at the same level as the heart, and the tightness of the wearable temperature-controlled cuff should be appropriate, generally allowing one finger to be inserted.

[0007] Preferably, before the training with the wearable temperature-controlled cuff, apply a 42°C hot compress to promote blood vessel dilation. During the training, maintain a temperature of 35 - 37°C and apply a gradient pressure of 10 - 15 mmHg to simulate the effect of professional manual massage.

[0008] Preferably, as described in step S3, if the first measurement result is abnormal or uncertain, take a short break and then measure again.

[0009] Preferably, as described in step S4, the 60 - time pressurization and decompression training is 30 - 10 - 10 - 10 times.

[0010] Preferably, as described in step S6, the patient should not compress the surgical site for a long time during rest or exercise.

[0011] Preferably, as described in step S9, ultrasonic therapy uses the vibration of ultrasonic waves to stimulate the body's acupoints and blood vessels, thereby promoting blood circulation.

[0012] Preferably, as described in step S9, microwave therapy emits high-frequency electromagnetic waves to generate microwave electric and magnetic fields, which act on human tissues to improve local blood circulation.

[0013] Preferably, as described in step S8, the virtual rehabilitation system evaluates joint range of motion and muscle coordination through motion capture sensors, and corrects incorrect postures in real time. The AR technology can superimpose a 3D blood vessel model to intuitively display the blood flow status of the fistula.

[0014] Preferably, as described in step S1, the automatic blood pressure monitor uses a micro Doppler blood flow detector, and the daily training data is automatically uploaded to the cloud. The doctor analyzes the tremor signal intensity and blood flow velocity through the AI algorithm and dynamically adjusts the training plan.

[0015] In the present invention, the isometric exercise (clenching the fist) of the forearm combined with blood flow restriction training promotes the maturation of the autogenous arteriovenous fistula, that is, while performing the isometric exercise of the forearm, ensuring the pressure of the blood flow restriction training and the time of intermittent inflation and deflation, to achieve the goal of complete self-control and operation.

[0016] The present invention constructs an intervention plan combining blood flow restriction and isometric exercise and a mature effectiveness index, and conducts early intervention on patients after autogenous arteriovenous fistula surgery. It can monitor the patient's blood pressure and automatically adjust the pressure to 40% according to the real-time systolic blood pressure. The isometric exercise of the forearm combined with blood flow restriction training promotes the rapid recovery of the autogenous arteriovenous fistula and achieves the goal of complete autonomous control and operation.

[0017] In the present invention, ultrasonic therapy is a physical therapy method. It uses the vibration effect of ultrasonic waves to stimulate the acupoints and blood vessels of the body, thereby promoting blood circulation. This treatment method can accelerate the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the affected area, and at the same time help the excretion of waste, which is beneficial to the recovery and health of the body. Through the vibration effect, ultrasonic therapy can improve the blood flow condition of the affected area, making the blood circulation speed faster. This not only helps to relieve symptoms such as pain and swelling caused by poor blood circulation, but also promotes the dissipation of inflammation, reduces toxins in the body, and relieves symptoms such as limb paralysis.

[0018] In the present invention, microwave therapy generates a microwave electric field and magnetic field by emitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves, which act on human tissues to achieve the treatment effect. Among them, an important effect of microwave therapy is to promote blood circulation. The thermal effect of microwave can dilate local blood vessels and accelerate blood flow velocity, thereby improving local blood circulation, increasing blood flow, and enhancing the delivery of tissue oxygen supply and nutrients.

[0019] The microwave energy of the microwave therapeutic device in the present invention can dilate blood vessels, accelerate blood flow, and improve tissue oxygen and nutrition, which has a significant effect on improving poor local blood circulation, and is particularly suitable for patients with peripheral blood circulation disorders. By promoting blood circulation, microwave therapy helps to provide more nutrients and oxygen to tissues, remove metabolic waste, improve the nutritional status of local tissues, and accelerate tissue repair and regeneration. It is often used to treat some diseases caused by poor blood circulation, such as chronic inflammation, slow wound healing, etc. Therefore, microwave therapy has a significant effect in promoting blood circulation.

[0020] The present invention integrates photoelectric plethysmography sensors into training equipment. Patients wear VR glasses to simulate daily movements. The system evaluates joint mobility and muscle coordination through motion capture sensors, corrects incorrect postures in real time, and monitors the frequency and amplitude of fistula tremors in real time. When it is detected that the tremor disappears or the blood flow rate is less than 200ml / min, an alarm is automatically triggered. In addition, the automatic blood pressure monitor is equipped with a wearable temperature control cuff. Before training, a 42°C hot compress is applied to promote vasodilation. During training, the temperature is maintained at 35-37°C and a gradient pressure of 10-15mmHg is applied to simulate the effect of professional massage.

[0021] The sensor in the present invention uses Microsoft Kinect or inertial sensors to collect the motion trajectory of the affected limb, calculates 9 parameters such as joint range of motion and motion smoothness through algorithms, generates a visual rehabilitation progress report, and uses an innovative combination of smart hardware, data center and immersive interaction to improve training compliance by more than 30% and reduce the incidence of complications such as thrombosis and aneurysm.

[0022] The present invention uses a sphygmomanometer combined with various forms of exercise and auxiliary advanced instruments to accelerate the blood circulation at the wound, greatly improving the recovery speed. At the same time, a step-by-step approach is used to carry out three-stage treatment to ensure the patient's body's adaptability, reasonably plan the form of exercise, and achieve rapid recovery of arteriovenous fistula. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0024] A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula, the detailed training method steps of which include: To perform the first phase of the exercise, clench your fist and then wrap the inflatable cuff of the automatic blood pressure monitor 20 cm away from the anastomosis of the arteriovenous fistula; The automatic blood pressure monitor measures the patient's real-time blood pressure and performs inflation and pressurization; During the inflation process, gradually increase the pressure to 40% of the real-time systolic pressure on the fistula-side arm; Perform 4 sets of pressurization and decompression training, 60 times each time. Pressurize for 5 minutes each time, with an intermittent relaxation time of 1 minute. The interval between sets is 2 hours, and the daily exercise time is 6 hours. The training is set for 4 weeks, with each week consisting of 3 days, for a total of 12 days of training.

[0025] During the exercise in the first stage, the position of the cuff should be at the same level as the heart. The tightness of the cuff should be moderate, generally suitable for inserting one finger, and it should be selected according to the patient's physical tolerance. If the first measurement result is abnormal or uncertain, measure again after a short rest. The 60 - time pressurization and decompression training is 30 - 10 - 10 - 10 times to adjust the pressure for blood flow restriction training and the time for intermittent inflation and deflation. Isometric exercise of the forearm (clenching the fist) combined with blood flow restriction training promotes the maturation of autogenous arteriovenous fistulas, that is, while performing isometric exercise of the forearm, ensure the pressure for blood flow restriction training and the time for intermittent inflation and deflation to achieve the goal of complete self - control and operation. The automatic blood pressure monitor is set with a wearable temperature - controlled cuff. Apply hot compress at 42°C before training to promote blood vessel dilation, maintain at 35 - 37°C during training, and apply a gradient pressure of 10 - 15 mmHg to simulate the effect of professional manual massage. The exercise in the first stage, while performing isometric exercise of the forearm, ensure the pressure for blood flow restriction training and the time for intermittent inflation and deflation to achieve the goal of complete self - control and operation, which can ensure the exercise when the wound is not moving.

[0026] Perform the exercise in the second stage, including finger - opposing actions, straightening, raising, lowering the arm, and wrist - rotating actions. ‌The training is set for 3 groups, with an intermittent relaxation time of 5 minutes, and 10 - 20 times for each group of actions. Develop a virtual rehabilitation system. The patient wears a wearable flexible sensor glove and a VR headset to simulate daily actions such as unscrewing the bottle cap and holding the water cup. At the same time, the wearable flexible sensor glove monitors the posture, and the patient conducts unscheduled self - exercise. In the second - stage exercise, the finger - opposing action mainly refers to the sequential opposition of the thumb to each of the other fingers, which can reflect the flexibility and coordination of the hand. For the action of straightening, raising, and lowering the arm, this action involves the coordinated movement of multiple joints and muscle groups. When the arm is straightened and raised, it mainly depends on the coordinated action of the shoulder joint and the elbow joint, and at the same time, the muscles of the upper arm and forearm contract to provide power. When the arm is lowered, these joints and muscle groups perform reverse movements to return the arm to the initial position. The action of straightening, raising, and lowering the arm can enhance the strength, flexibility, and coordination of the upper limb.

[0027] Wrist rotation can include clockwise and counterclockwise rotation. When performing wrist rotation, usually the arm is straightened, the five fingers are together, and then the wrist is rotated clockwise and counterclockwise respectively. This action not only helps to relax the wrist muscles, but also enhances the flexibility and resistance of the joints. The virtual rehabilitation system uses motion capture sensors to evaluate joint mobility and muscle coordination, and correct incorrect postures in real time. AR technology can superimpose a 3D model of blood vessels to intuitively display the blood flow status of the fistula. The automatic blood pressure monitor uses a micro Doppler blood flow detector. Daily training data is automatically uploaded to the cloud. Doctors use AI algorithms to analyze tremor signal intensity and blood flow velocity and dynamically adjust training plans. Sensors use Microsoft Kinect or inertial sensors to collect the movement trajectory of the affected limb, and use algorithms to calculate 9 parameters such as joint mobility and movement smoothness to generate a visual rehabilitation progress report.

[0028] Carry out the third stage of exercise, including appropriate aerobic exercises such as walking and stretching, and carry out ultrasound therapy and microwave therapy to assist blood circulation once a week for 3 weeks.

[0029] Ultrasound therapy is a physical therapy method that uses the vibration of ultrasound to stimulate the body's acupuncture points and blood vessels, thereby promoting blood circulation. This treatment method can accelerate the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the affected area, while helping to eliminate waste, which is beneficial to the body's recovery and health. Ultrasound therapy can improve blood flow in the affected area through vibration, making blood circulation faster, which not only helps to relieve symptoms such as pain and swelling caused by poor blood circulation, but also promotes the dissipation of inflammation, reduces toxins in the body, and relieves symptoms such as limb paralysis.

[0030] Ultrasonic therapy uses an ultrasonic therapeutic device, which is a medical device that uses ultrasonic energy to treat the human body. The mechanical and thermal effects of ultrasound can dilate blood vessels and increase the speed and flow of blood.

[0031] Microwave therapy devices emit high-frequency electromagnetic waves to generate microwave electric and magnetic fields, which act on human tissues to achieve therapeutic effects. Among them, an important effect of microwave therapy is to promote blood circulation. The thermal effect of microwaves can dilate local blood vessels and accelerate blood flow, thereby improving local blood circulation, increasing blood flow, and improving tissue oxygen supply and nutrient delivery.

[0032] The microwave energy of the microwave therapy apparatus can dilate blood vessels, accelerate blood flow, improve tissue oxygen supply and nutrition, which has obvious effects on improving local poor blood circulation, especially applicable to patients with peripheral blood circulation disorders. By promoting blood circulation, microwave therapy helps to provide more nutrients and oxygen to tissues, remove metabolic wastes, improve the nutritional status of local tissues, and accelerate tissue repair and regeneration. It is commonly used to treat some diseases caused by poor blood circulation, such as chronic inflammation, slow wound healing, etc. Therefore, microwave therapy has significant effects in promoting blood circulation.

[0033] During microwave therapy, a microwave therapy apparatus is used. The microwave therapy apparatus is a medical device that uses microwave energy to non-contact heat human tissues to achieve therapeutic effects. The microwave therapy apparatus emits high-frequency electromagnetic waves (in the frequency range from 300 MHz to 300 GHz), generating microwave electric and magnetic fields. When these electromagnetic waves act on human tissues, the water molecules in the tissues will vibrate rapidly and generate heat by friction, thus producing a thermal effect. This thermal effect can promote local tissue blood circulation, increase tissue metabolism, improve pathological states such as tissue hypoxia and ischemia, and achieve the effects of relieving pain, eliminating inflammation, and promoting tissue repair.

[0034] As described above, it is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Perform the first stage of exercise, clench your fist, and then wrap the inflatable cuff of the automatic blood pressure monitor 20 cm away from the anastomosis of the arteriovenous fistula; S2, the automatic blood pressure meter measures the patient's real-time blood pressure and performs inflation and pressurization; S3: During the inflation process, gradually increase the pressure to 40% of the real-time systolic pressure on the fistula-side arm; ‌S4. Perform 4 sets of 60 times of compression and release training, 5 minutes of compression each time, 1 minute of interval relaxation, 2 hours of rest between sets, and 6 hours of daily exercise time; ‌S5. The training is set to 4 weeks, with each week lasting 3 days, for a total of 12 days of training; ‌S6. Carry out the second stage of exercise, doing finger-to-finger movements, straightening your arms, raising and lowering them, and rotating your wrists; S7, the training is set to 3 sets, with 5 minutes of interval relaxation time, and 10-20 movements per set; S8. Develop a virtual rehabilitation system, where patients wear flexible sensor gloves and VR glasses to simulate daily actions, such as unscrewing bottle caps and holding water cups. At the same time, they wear flexible sensor gloves for posture monitoring, and patients perform autonomous exercises at irregular intervals. S9. Carry out the third stage of exercise, including appropriate aerobic exercises such as walking and stretching, and carry out ultrasound therapy and microwave therapy to assist blood circulation, once a week for 3 weeks.

2. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S1, the cuff adopts a wearable temperature control cuff, the position of the wearable temperature control cuff should be kept at the same level as the heart, and the tightness of the wearable temperature control cuff is moderate, generally enough to fit a finger.

3. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wearable temperature control cuff performs 42°C hot compress before training to promote vasodilation, maintains 35-37°C during training, applies 10-15 mmHg gradient pressure, and simulates the effect of professional massage.

4. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S3, if the first measurement result is abnormal or uncertain, you should take a short break and then measure again.

5. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S4, the number of times for the 60 times of pressure-increasing and pressure-releasing training is 30-10-10-10 times.

6. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S6, the patient should not press on the surgical site for a long time while resting or exercising.

7. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S9, the ultrasonic treatment utilizes the vibration effect of ultrasonic waves to stimulate the acupuncture points and blood vessels of the body, thereby promoting blood circulation.

8. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S9, microwave therapy generates microwave electric and magnetic fields by emitting high-frequency electromagnetic waves, which act on human tissues, thereby improving local blood circulation.

9. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S8, the virtual rehabilitation system evaluates joint mobility and muscle coordination through motion capture sensors and corrects incorrect postures in real time. AR technology can superimpose a 3D model of blood vessels to intuitively display the blood flow status of the fistula.

10. A postoperative training method for patients with arteriovenous fistula according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to step S1, the automatic blood pressure monitor uses a micro Doppler blood flow detector, and daily training data is automatically uploaded to the cloud. The doctor uses an AI algorithm to analyze the tremor signal intensity and blood flow velocity and dynamically adjusts the training plan.