Long-acting waterproof multifunctional coating, preparation method thereof and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a long-acting waterproof multifunctional coating and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of coatings, and specifically discloses the long-acting waterproof multifunctional coating which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of hyperbranched epoxy resin, 3-5 parts of single-end epoxy-based polydimethylsiloxane, 20-30 parts of a filler, 10-15 parts of four-needle zinc oxide whiskers, 10-15 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 150-300 parts of a curing agent, 25-30 parts of a catalyst and 30-50 parts of a solvent; wherein the filler is zeolite powder, and the zeolite powder is prepared by loading nano-silver first, and then loading polypropylene wax and amino-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals. The long-acting waterproof multifunctional coating has better weather resistance, and has a longer service life when applied to a roof photovoltaic system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coating technology, specifically relating to a long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of the photovoltaic industry, the continuous growth of energy demand, and the enhancement of environmental awareness, rooftop solar photovoltaic has become an important part of the renewable energy field, and rooftop solar photovoltaic power generation has seen a significant increase.

[0003] Solar panels are typically installed directly on rooftops, and their lifespan is around 10 years. Therefore, the maintenance difficulties caused by solar panel installation necessitate highly weather-resistant and long-lasting waterproofing. Roof waterproofing is primarily achieved by applying waterproof coatings. Currently, common waterproof coatings generally have a lifespan of about 5 years, after which they need to be repaired. However, the installation of solar panels makes repairing roof waterproof coatings very difficult.

[0004] Therefore, how to further improve the service life of waterproof coatings needs to be addressed.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, its preparation method, and its application. This long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating has superior weather resistance and a long service life.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, a specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of hyperbranched epoxy resin, 3-5 parts of single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20-30 parts of filler, 10-15 parts of tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers, 10-15 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 150-300 parts of curing agent, 25-30 parts of catalyst, and 30-50 parts of solvent.

[0009] The filler is zeolite powder, which is prepared by first loading nano-silver, then loading polypropylene wax and amino-modified cellulose nanocrystals.

[0010] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the zeolite powder is prepared as follows:

[0011] Polypropylene wax and aminoated cellulose nanocrystals were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(0.5-1), heated to melt, and stirred until homogeneous.

[0012] Zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver was mixed with molten liquid at a mass ratio of 1:(2-3), stirred, filtered, and cooled to obtain zeolite powder.

[0013] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver is prepared as follows:

[0014] Zeolite powder and PVP powder were mixed with an appropriate amount of water at a mass ratio of (0.2-0.5):1 to prepare a dispersion. Silver ammonia solution and dispersion were mixed at a molar ratio of silver ammonia ions to PVP powder of (0.005mol-0.015mol):1g. The mixture was heated to 70℃-80℃ and stirred for 6-8h under a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver.

[0015] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the preparation of the aminated cellulose nanocrystals is as follows: cellulose nanocrystals, anhydrous ethanol and KH550 are mixed, heated to 65℃-75℃ and stirred for 3-5 hours, centrifuged, washed and dried to obtain aminated cellulose nanocrystals.

[0016] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the length of the cellulose nanocrystals is 150-250 nm, and the mesh size of the zeolite powder is 200-300 mesh.

[0017] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the length of the silicon carbide whiskers is 5-30 μm, and the length of the four-needle zinc oxide whiskers is 10-50 μm.

[0018] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the four-needle zinc oxide whiskers are grafted with low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine, and the silicon carbide whiskers are grafted with medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine; the molecular weight of the low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine is 600-1000, and the molecular weight of the medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine is 1800-2500.

[0019] In one or more embodiments of the present invention, the preparation of the tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers grafted with low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine is as follows: mixing tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers with an ethanol aqueous solution of silane coupling agent, heating and reacting for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain pretreated tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers; mixing the pretreated tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers with an alcohol solution of low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine, letting stand for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers grafted with low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine.

[0020] And / or, the preparation of the silicon carbide whiskers grafted with medium molecular weight polyethyleneimine is as follows: mixing silicon carbide whiskers with an ethanol aqueous solution of silane coupling agent, heating and reacting for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain pretreated silicon carbide whiskers; mixing the pretreated silicon carbide whiskers with an alcohol solution of medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine, letting stand for a certain time, filtering and drying to obtain silicon carbide whiskers grafted with medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine.

[0021] Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0022] A method for preparing a long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating involves accurately weighing each raw material according to the specified ratio, mixing them, and obtaining the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0023] Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0024] Application of a long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating in rooftop photovoltaic systems.

[0025] Compared with existing technologies, the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating of this invention has excellent weather resistance, can provide long-lasting waterproofing, and has a service life of up to 10 years. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, comprising the following components by weight: 100-120 parts of hyperbranched epoxy resin, 3-5 parts of single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20-30 parts of filler, 10-15 parts of tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers, 10-15 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 150-300 parts of curing agent, 25-30 parts of catalyst, and 30-50 parts of solvent; wherein the filler is zeolite powder, which is prepared by first loading nano-silver, then loading polypropylene wax and amino-modified cellulose nanocrystals.

[0028] Specifically, hyperbranched epoxy resins enable coatings to possess strength, flexibility, chemical resistance, and impact resistance, overcoming the defect of loss of waterproof performance due to substrate deformation during long-term use. Single-terminated epoxy-based polydimethylsiloxanes have low surface energy and excellent hydrophobicity, allowing them to form an interpenetrating network structure with hyperbranched epoxy resins in coatings, thereby improving coating durability and extending its service life.

[0029] Zinc oxide tetrapter whiskers have a three-dimensional tetrapter structure, which can form a reinforcing network in the coating. Silicon carbide whiskers can overlap with zinc oxide tetrapter whiskers, improving the microstructure of the coating, increasing the density and adhesion of the coating, and enabling the coating to exist stably on the substrate surface and continuously perform waterproofing.

[0030] The zeolite powder used in this invention has several advantages. First, it improves the weather resistance of the coating, slows down aging, and extends its service life. Second, loading nano-silver onto the zeolite powder allows it to reflect sunlight efficiently in the visible to near-infrared region, as silver has high reflectivity. Therefore, when the coating is applied to a rooftop photovoltaic system, it can reflect sunlight onto the photovoltaic panel, thereby improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Third, treating the zeolite powder with polypropylene wax allows the wax to fill the pores and coat the surface of the zeolite powder, thus encapsulating the nano-silver loaded on it and reducing the possibility of the nano-silver detaching from the zeolite powder. Furthermore, the polypropylene wax also isolates the nano-silver from the influence of water and oxygen, reducing its oxidation. Finally, the transparency of the polypropylene wax does not affect the reflection of sunlight by the nano-silver, allowing it to perform its light-reflecting properties normally. Meanwhile, polypropylene wax can load aminated fiber nanocrystals onto zeolite powder. Cellulose nanocrystals can improve the water resistance of the coating to a certain extent. The amino groups contained in the nanocrystals can also react with the curing agent and participate in the formation of cross-linked networks in the coating, thereby improving the density of the coating. At the same time, it can improve the stability of zeolite powder in the coating, thus improving the durability and extending the service life of the coating.

[0031] Furthermore, the preparation of the filler zeolite powder is as follows:

[0032] Cellulose nanocrystals, anhydrous ethanol and KH550 were mixed, heated to 65℃-75℃ and stirred for 3-5 hours, centrifuged, washed and dried to obtain aminated cellulose nanocrystals.

[0033] Zeolite powder and PVP powder were mixed with an appropriate amount of water at a mass ratio of (0.2-0.5):1 to prepare a dispersion. Silver ammonia solution and dispersion were mixed at a molar ratio of silver ammonia ions to PVP powder of (0.005mol-0.015mol):1g. The mixture was heated to 70℃-80℃ and stirred for 6-8h under a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver.

[0034] Polypropylene wax and amino-modified cellulose nanocrystals were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(0.5-1), heated to melt, and stirred until homogeneous.

[0035] The zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver is mixed with the molten liquid at a mass ratio of 1:(2-3), stirred, filtered, and cooled to obtain the final product.

[0036] Furthermore, the cellulose nanocrystals have a length of 150-250 nm, and the zeolite powder has a mesh size of 200-300 mesh. By controlling the specifications of the cellulose nanocrystals and zeolite powder, it is possible to better load the cellulose nanocrystals onto the zeolite powder and effectively improve the durability of the coating.

[0037] Furthermore, the length of the silicon carbide whiskers is 5-30 μm, and the length of the tetrapin zinc oxide whiskers is 10-50 μm. By controlling the specifications of the silicon carbide whiskers and the tetrapin zinc oxide whiskers, they can effectively cooperate to form a network structure in the coating system, thereby improving the density and weather resistance of the coating.

[0038] Furthermore, the four-needle zinc oxide whiskers are grafted with low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine, and the silicon carbide whiskers are grafted with medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine; the molecular weight of the low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine is 600-1000, and the molecular weight of the medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine is 1800-2500.

[0039] Specifically, the amino groups in polyethyleneimine can react with the curing agent, thereby improving the adhesion and durability of the coating to the substrate. Zinc oxide whiskers have a three-dimensional tetrapile structure, while silicon carbide whiskers are single-crystal fibers. Compared to medium-molecular-weight linear polyethyleneimine, low-molecular-weight linear polyethyleneimine has shorter molecular chains, resulting in greater reactivity and less steric hindrance. Treating zinc oxide whiskers with low-molecular-weight linear polyethyleneimine leverages the three-dimensional structure of the zinc oxide whiskers, allowing silicon carbide whiskers to effectively bond with them. The three-dimensional structure of the tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers allows them to load a large amount of low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine on their surface. During the curing process, the tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers can further improve the density of the coating with the help of the low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine. Meanwhile, the medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine on the single-crystal fibers is interspersed in the network structure formed by the low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine. Therefore, the network formed by the three-dimensional structure between the tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers and silicon carbide whiskers, and the network formed by the chemical reaction between the low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine and the medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine, results in a cured coating with high density, water resistance, and weather resistance, and a significantly extended service life.

[0040] Furthermore, the curing agent is hexamethyl diisocyanate, the catalyst is organic bismuth or dibutyltin dilaurate, and the solvent is ethyl acetate.

[0041] Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing a long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, wherein each raw material is accurately weighed according to the formula, mixed, and the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating is obtained.

[0042] Another specific embodiment of the present invention provides an application of a long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating in a rooftop photovoltaic system.

[0043] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0044] The raw materials used in this invention are as follows: hyperbranched epoxy resin purchased from Wuhan Hyperbranched Resin, model HyPer E102; single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane purchased from Wuhan Lanabai, model lnb-1723; cellulose nanocrystals purchased from Maclean; silicon carbide whiskers purchased from Qinghe County Chaotai Metal Materials, model D500B; zinc oxide whiskers purchased from Wuhan Kemike; polypropylene wax purchased from Jining Fangyu Chemical, melting point 160℃; polyethyleneimine purchased from Maclean; and zeolite powder purchased from Hebei Jiyan Mineral Products.

[0045] Preparation Example 1

[0046] Anhydrous ethanol and KH550 were mixed to prepare a treatment solution with a volume concentration of 5%. 6 mg of cellulose nanocrystals were added to 100 ml of the treatment solution. The treatment solution and cellulose nanocrystals were mixed, heated to 70 °C, and stirred continuously for 3 h to carry out the reaction. Then, the mixture was centrifuged, the cellulose nanocrystals were washed with anhydrous ethanol, and dried at 65 °C for 3 h to obtain aminated cellulose nanocrystals.

[0047] Zeolite powder and PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone) powder were mixed in a mass ratio of 0.5:1, using 40 ml of deionized water per 1 g of PVP powder. The mixture was stirred to obtain a dispersion. Silver nitrate powder was mixed with 15 ml of deionized water, using 0.005 mol of silver nitrate. Ammonia was then added dropwise until the gray precipitate just disappeared, yielding a silver ammonia solution. Using 0.005 mol of silver ammonia ions per 1 g of PVP powder, the dispersion and silver ammonia solution were mixed. The mixture was first degassed under a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour, then heated to 75°C and stirred at 250 r / min for 6 hours. The mixture was then centrifuged, washed with water, and vacuum dried at 55°C for 20 hours to obtain zeolite powder loaded with silver nanoparticles.

[0048] Polypropylene wax and amino-modified cellulose nanocrystals were mixed at a mass ratio of 1:0.5, heated to 165℃, and stirred at 200 r / min for 20 min to obtain a molten liquid. Zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver was mixed with the molten liquid at a mass ratio of 1:2, stirred at 200 r / min for 20 min, filtered, and cooled to room temperature to obtain zeolite powder.

[0049] Preparation Example 2

[0050] The only difference between this preparation example and Preparation Example 1 is that the mass ratio of polypropylene wax and amino-modified cellulose nanocrystals is 1:1, and the mass ratio of zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver and molten liquid is 1:3.

[0051] Preparation Example 3

[0052] The first treatment solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550, anhydrous ethanol, and water in a volume ratio of 20:72:8. The second treatment solution was prepared by mixing ethanol and polyethyleneimine in 100 ml of ethanol with 30 g of polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 600.

[0053] Add 5 mg of zinc oxide tetrabenzyl per 100 ml of the first treatment solution, mix the first treatment solution and the zinc oxide tetrabenzyl per 100 ml of the solution, heat to 65 °C and react for 3 h. Remove the zinc oxide tetrabenzyl per 100 ml of the first treatment solution and dry at 60 °C for 2 h. Then add 5 mg of zinc oxide tetrabenzyl per 100 ml of the second treatment solution, add the zinc oxide tetrabenzyl per 100 ml of the second treatment solution and soak for 30 min. Remove the zinc oxide tetrabenzyl per 100 ml of the solution and dry at 50 °C for 30 min to obtain zinc oxide tetrabenzyl per 100 ml of low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine grafted onto it.

[0054] Preparation Example 4

[0055] The first treatment solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550, anhydrous ethanol, and water in a volume ratio of 20:72:8. The second treatment solution was prepared by mixing ethanol and polyethyleneimine in 100 ml of ethanol with 30 g of polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 1800.

[0056] Add 5 mg of silicon carbide whiskers to 100 ml of the first treatment solution, mix the first treatment solution and silicon carbide whiskers, heat to 65°C and react for 3 hours. Remove the silicon carbide whiskers and dry them at 60°C for 2 hours. Then add 5 mg of silicon carbide whiskers to 100 ml of the second treatment solution and soak the silicon carbide whiskers in the second treatment solution for 30 minutes. Remove the silicon carbide whiskers and dry them at 50°C for 30 minutes to obtain silicon carbide whiskers grafted with medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine.

[0057] Preparation Example 5

[0058] The first treatment solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550, anhydrous ethanol, and water in a volume ratio of 20:72:8. The second treatment solution was prepared by mixing ethanol and polyethyleneimine in 100 ml of ethanol with 30 g of polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 600.

[0059] Add 5 mg of silicon carbide whiskers to 100 ml of the first treatment solution, mix the first treatment solution and the tetraphenyl zinc oxide whiskers, heat to 65°C and react for 3 hours. Remove the silicon carbide whiskers and dry them at 60°C for 2 hours. Then add 5 mg of silicon carbide whiskers to 100 ml of the second treatment solution and soak the silicon carbide whiskers in the second treatment solution for 30 minutes. Remove the silicon carbide whiskers and dry them at 50°C for 30 minutes to obtain silicon carbide whiskers grafted with low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine.

[0060] Preparation Example 6

[0061] The first treatment solution was prepared by mixing silane coupling agent KH550, anhydrous ethanol, and water in a volume ratio of 20:72:8. The second treatment solution was prepared by mixing ethanol and polyethyleneimine in 100 ml of ethanol with 30 g of polyethyleneimine with a molecular weight of 1800.

[0062] Add 5 mg of zinc oxide tetrabenzene whiskers to 100 ml of the first treatment solution, mix the first treatment solution and zinc oxide tetrabenzene whiskers, heat to 65 °C and react for 3 h, then remove the zinc oxide tetrabenzene whiskers and dry at 60 °C for 2 h. Then add 5 mg of zinc oxide tetrabenzene whiskers to 100 ml of the second treatment solution, add the zinc oxide tetrabenzene whiskers to the second treatment solution and soak for 30 min. Remove the zinc oxide tetrabenzene whiskers and dry at 50 °C for 30 min to obtain zinc oxide tetrabenzene whiskers grafted with medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine.

[0063] Example 1

[0064] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, by weight, comprises 100 parts hyperbranched epoxy resin, 4 parts single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20 parts zeolite powder from Preparation Example 1, 12 parts tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers, 10 parts silicon carbide whiskers, 150 parts hexadimethyl diisocyanate, 25 parts dibutyltin dilaurate, and 30 parts ethyl acetate. The above raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0065] Example 2

[0066] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, by weight, comprises 120 parts hyperbranched epoxy resin, 5 parts single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 25 parts zeolite powder from Preparation Example 1, 10 parts tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers, 13 parts silicon carbide whiskers, 300 parts hexadimethyl diisocyanate, 28 parts dibutyltin dilaurate, and 50 parts ethyl acetate. The above raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, by weight, comprises 110 parts hyperbranched epoxy resin, 3 parts single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 30 parts zeolite powder from Preparation Example 1, 15 parts tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers, 15 parts silicon carbide whiskers, 200 parts hexadimethyl diisocyanate, 30 parts dibutyltin dilaurate, and 40 parts ethyl acetate. The above raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, by weight, comprises 100 parts hyperbranched epoxy resin, 4 parts single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20 parts zeolite powder from Preparation Example 1, 12 parts tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers from Preparation Example 3, 10 parts silicon carbide whiskers, 150 parts hexadimethyl diisocyanate, 25 parts dibutyltin dilaurate, and 30 parts ethyl acetate. The above raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0071] Example 5

[0072] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, by weight, comprises 100 parts hyperbranched epoxy resin, 4 parts mono-epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20 parts zeolite powder from Preparation Example 1, 12 parts tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers, 10 parts silicon carbide whiskers from Preparation Example 4, 150 parts hexadimethyl diisocyanate, 25 parts dibutyltin dilaurate, and 30 parts ethyl acetate. The above raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0073] Example 6

[0074] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, by weight, comprises 100 parts of hyperbranched epoxy resin, 4 parts of single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20 parts of zeolite powder from Preparation Example 1, 12 parts of tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers from Preparation Example 3, 10 parts of silicon carbide whiskers from Preparation Example 4, 150 parts of hexadimethyl diisocyanate, 25 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 30 parts of ethyl acetate. The above raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0075] Example 7

[0076] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, by weight, comprises 100 parts hyperbranched epoxy resin, 4 parts mono-epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20 parts zeolite powder from Preparation Example 1, 12 parts tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers from Preparation Example 6, 10 parts silicon carbide whiskers from Preparation Example 5, 150 parts hexadimethyl diisocyanate, 25 parts dibutyltin dilaurate, and 30 parts ethyl acetate. The above raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0077] Comparative Example 1

[0078] A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating, by weight, comprises 100 parts hyperbranched epoxy resin, 4 parts mono-epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20 parts zeolite powder, 12 parts tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers, 10 parts silicon carbide whiskers, 150 parts hexamethyl diisocyanate, 25 parts dibutyltin dilaurate, and 30 parts ethyl acetate. The above raw materials are mixed evenly to obtain the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating.

[0079] Performance testing:

[0080] The coating was applied to a glass test plate with a thickness of 5 μm and cured at 140℃ for 2 hours to prepare the sample.

[0081] The adhesion of the sample coating was tested according to GB / T 9286-2021 "Paints and Varnishes Cross-cut Test". The samples were then placed in a PCT aging chamber (121℃, 100% relative humidity, 211.6kPa) for 48 hours and the adhesion of the sample coating was tested again. The appearance of the coating was recorded.

[0082] Table 1 Performance Test Results

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with Comparative Example 1, the coating in the embodiments of the present invention has better weather resistance, excellent adhesion, and a longer service life.

[0086] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within the present invention.

[0087] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating for rooftop photovoltaic systems, characterized in that, The product comprises the following components by weight: 100-120 parts of hyperbranched epoxy resin, 3-5 parts of single-terminated epoxy polydimethylsiloxane, 20-30 parts of filler, 10-15 parts of tetraneedle zinc oxide whiskers, 10-15 parts of silicon carbide whiskers, 150-300 parts of curing agent, 25-30 parts of catalyst, and 30-50 parts of solvent; wherein the filler is zeolite powder, which is prepared by first loading nano-silver, then loading polypropylene wax and amino-modified cellulose nanocrystals.

2. The long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating for rooftop photovoltaic systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zeolite powder is prepared as follows: Polypropylene wax and amino-modified cellulose nanocrystals are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(0.5-1), heated to melt, and stirred until homogeneous; Zeolite powder loaded with silver nanoparticles is mixed with the molten liquid at a mass ratio of 1:(2-3), stirred, filtered, and cooled to obtain zeolite powder.

3. The long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating for rooftop photovoltaic systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver was prepared as follows: Zeolite powder and PVP powder were mixed with an appropriate amount of water at a mass ratio of (0.2-0.5):1 to form a dispersion. The silver ammonia solution and the dispersion were mixed at a molar ratio of silver ammonia ions to PVP powder of (0.005mol-0.015mol):1g. The mixture was heated to 70℃-80℃ and stirred for 6-8h under a nitrogen atmosphere. Then, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and dried to obtain the zeolite powder loaded with nano-silver.

4. The long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating for rooftop photovoltaic systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The preparation of the aminated cellulose nanocrystals is as follows: cellulose nanocrystals, anhydrous ethanol and KH550 are mixed, heated to 65℃-75℃ and stirred for 3-5 hours, centrifuged, washed and dried to obtain aminated cellulose nanocrystals.

5. The long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating for rooftop photovoltaic systems according to claim 2, characterized in that, The length of the cellulose nanocrystals is 150-250 nm, and the mesh size of the zeolite powder is 200-300 mesh.

6. The long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating for rooftop photovoltaic systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silicon carbide whiskers are 5-30 μm long, and the four-needle zinc oxide whiskers are 10-50 μm long.

7. The long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating for rooftop photovoltaic systems according to claim 1, characterized in that, The four-needle zinc oxide whiskers are grafted with low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine, and the silicon carbide whiskers are grafted with medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine; the low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine has a molecular weight of 600-1000, and the medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine has a molecular weight of 1800-2500.

8. The long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating for rooftop photovoltaic systems according to claim 7, characterized in that, The preparation of the grafted low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine tetrane zinc oxide whiskers is as follows: tetrane zinc oxide whiskers are mixed with an ethanol-water solution of a silane coupling agent, heated for a certain time, filtered, and dried to obtain pretreated tetrane zinc oxide whiskers; the pretreated tetrane zinc oxide whiskers are mixed with an alcohol solution of low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine, allowed to stand for a certain time, filtered, and dried to obtain grafted low molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine tetrane zinc oxide whiskers; and / or, the preparation of the grafted medium molecular weight polyethyleneimine silicon carbide whiskers is as follows: silicon carbide whiskers are mixed with an ethanol-water solution of a silane coupling agent, heated for a certain time, filtered, and dried to obtain pretreated silicon carbide whiskers; the pretreated silicon carbide whiskers are mixed with an alcohol solution of medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine, allowed to stand for a certain time, filtered, and dried to obtain grafted medium molecular weight linear polyethyleneimine silicon carbide whiskers.

9. A method for preparing a long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, According to the formula, accurately weigh each raw material, mix them, and you will get a long-lasting waterproof multi-functional coating.

10. The application of the long-lasting waterproof multifunctional coating according to any one of claims 1-8 in a rooftop photovoltaic system.

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