Botanical insecticide and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a botanical insecticide and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of botanical insecticide preparation, and the botanical insecticide comprises the following components: potassium carbonate, and 30 g / 15 kg of water; the dosage of the glucoside is 50-60g / 15kg of water; optionally, 0.1%-0.5% of a plant source synergist is added; the plant source synergist is one of sophocarpidine or azadirachtin; dissolving potassium carbonate in 15kg of water, and stirring until the potassium carbonate is completely dissolved; adding glucoside, and continuously stirring until the materials are uniformly mixed; adding a botanical synergist at the final stage, and fully and uniformly mixing; according to the insecticidal composition, potassium carbonate, glucoside and a plant source synergist are selected as main components, effective prevention and control of pests such as aphids, red spiders and trialeurodes vaporariorum are achieved, use of chemical pesticides is reduced through natural components, accordingly, negative effects on the environment and non-target organisms are reduced, the environment-friendly and efficient insecticidal effect is achieved, and the insecticidal composition is worthy of popularization and application. Dissolving potassium carbonate in water, stirring until the potassium carbonate is completely dissolved, then adding glucoside, finally adding the plant-source synergist, and fully and uniformly mixing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of botanical insecticide preparation, in particular to a botanical insecticide and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The preparation technology of botanical insecticides refers to the process of mixing ingredients with insecticidal activity in specific proportions and methods to produce products that can effectively control pests. Through this preparation technology, not only can effective control of target pests be achieved, but it can also ensure environmental friendliness and reduce chemical pesticide residues.

[0003] In the field of plant pesticide preparation, traditional chemical pesticides have a long residual period and are easily accumulated in soil and water bodies, destroying the ecological balance. Existing biological pesticides are slow to act, and the prevention effect within 3 days is usually less than 70%, making it difficult to cope with sudden insect pests. In addition, due to the lack of high-efficiency surfactants, the contact angle of the drug solution on the insect surface is large, resulting in the inability of the active ingredients to fully penetrate. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above existing problems, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides a botanical insecticide to solve the problems that traditional chemical insecticides have a long residual period, are easily accumulated in soil and water, and destroy the ecological balance; existing biological insecticides are slow to act, and the prevention effect within 3 days is usually less than 70%, making it difficult to deal with sudden insect pests.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a botanical insecticide comprising the following components:

[0008] Potassium carbonate, the dosage is 30g / 15kg water; glycoside, the dosage is 50-60g / 15kg water; optionally, 0.1% to 0.5% of a plant-derived synergist is added; the plant-derived synergist is one of matrine or azadirachtin.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a botanical insecticide, the preparation method comprising:

[0010] Dissolve potassium carbonate in 15kg of water and stir until completely dissolved; add glycoside and continue stirring until evenly mixed; add plant-derived synergist at the last stage and mix thoroughly.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the botanical insecticide of the present invention, the purity of the potassium carbonate is ≥95% to ensure insecticidal activity; the glycoside is a natural extract, preferably saponin or tea saponin; and the stirring time is 10 to 15 minutes to ensure sufficient homogenization of the solution.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the botanical insecticide of the present invention, the addition amount of the botanical synergist is 0.3% to balance efficacy and safety; the purity of the matrine is ≥90% to improve insecticidal efficiency; and the azadirachtin extract is obtained by cold pressing to retain the active ingredient.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the botanical insecticide of the present invention, the pH value of the solution is controlled at 8.0-9.0 to enhance stability; the preparation process is carried out at room temperature to avoid high temperature destruction of the active ingredients; and the final solution needs to be filtered to remove insoluble matter to ensure smooth spraying.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the botanical insecticide of the present invention, the insecticide has a control effect of ≥85% on aphids, red spiders, and whiteflies; the efficacy lasts for 7-10 days, meeting the requirements of green agriculture; and the preparation is environmentally friendly and contains no chemical pesticide residues.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the botanical insecticide of the present invention, the preparation can be compounded with a microbial agent to enhance the soil remediation effect; the compounding ratio is 1:1 insecticide to improve the overall benefit; the microbial agent is preferably Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the botanical insecticide of the present invention, the preparation is stored in a cool, dark place with a shelf life of 6 months; the packaging material is a polyethylene barrel to prevent moisture absorption and deterioration, and the preparation needs to be shaken before use to ensure uniform distribution of the active ingredients.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present invention provides an application of a botanical insecticide, characterized in that: the insecticide is suitable for foliar spraying, with a dosage of 30 kg per mu; the spraying time is preferably early morning or evening to reduce photolysis loss; the spraying equipment is an atomizing nozzle to ensure uniform coverage.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by selecting potassium carbonate, glycoside and plant-derived synergist as main ingredients, effective prevention and control of pests such as aphids, red spiders and whiteflies is achieved, the use of chemical pesticides is reduced by using natural ingredients, thereby reducing the negative impact on the environment and non-target organisms, and achieving environmentally friendly and efficient insecticidal effects; potassium carbonate is dissolved in water and stirred until completely dissolved, and then glycoside is added; finally, the plant-derived synergist is added and fully mixed, thereby ensuring the uniform distribution of each component, improving the stability and activity of the final preparation, ensuring that all active ingredients can achieve the best effect when spraying, avoiding the decline in efficacy due to uneven ingredients, and improving the overall prevention and control effect; the purity of potassium carbonate is increased to ≥95%, high-purity matrine is selected or azadirachtin is extracted by cold pressing, and the pH value of the solution is controlled between 8.0 and 9.0, aiming to enhance the stability and effectiveness of the insecticide, thereby not only improving the insecticidal efficiency of the agent, but also extending its lasting effect, reducing the need for repeated application, reducing costs and alleviating pressure on the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for preparing the botanical insecticide in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0024] Example 1, reference Figure 1, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for preparing a botanical insecticide, comprising the following components:

[0025] Potassium carbonate, dosage is 30g / 15kg water;

[0026] Glycoside, dosage is 50-60g / 15kg water;

[0027] Optionally add 0.1% to 0.5% of a plant-derived synergist;

[0028] The plant-derived synergist is one of matrine or azadirachtin;

[0029] The addition amount of plant-derived synergist is 0.3% to balance efficacy and safety;

[0030] The purity of matrine should be ≥90% to improve the insecticidal efficiency;

[0031] The extract of azadirachtin is obtained by cold pressing to retain the active ingredients;

[0032] The control effect of insecticide on aphids, red spiders and whiteflies is ≥85%;

[0033] The drug's effectiveness lasts for 7-10 days, meeting the requirements of green agriculture;

[0034] The preparation is environmentally friendly and contains no chemical pesticide residues;

[0035] The preparation can be used in combination with microbial agents to enhance the soil remediation effect;

[0036] The compounding ratio is 1 insecticide: 1 fungicide to improve the overall benefit;

[0037] The bacterial agent is preferably Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens;

[0038] The preparation should be stored in a cool, dark place with a shelf life of 6 months;

[0039] The packaging material is a polyethylene barrel to prevent moisture absorption and deterioration, and it needs to be shaken before use to ensure that the active ingredients are evenly distributed.

[0040] S1. Dissolve potassium carbonate in 15 kg of water and stir until completely dissolved;

[0041] Furthermore, the purity of potassium carbonate is ≥95% to ensure insecticidal activity;

[0042] It should be noted that potassium carbonate, as an alkaline component, can not only directly destroy the body wall of pests, but also adjust the pH value of the solution to enhance the solubility and stability of glycosides. High-purity (≥95%) potassium carbonate can avoid impurities interfering with the insecticidal effect while reducing potential irritation to crops.

[0043] S2. Add glycoside and continue stirring until evenly mixed;

[0044] Furthermore, the glycoside is a natural extract, preferably saponin or tea saponin;

[0045] The stirring time is 10 to 15 minutes to ensure that the solution is fully homogenized;

[0046] It should be noted that glycosides, as natural surfactants, can enhance the adhesion and permeability of the drug solution on the insect surface, thereby improving the insecticidal efficiency. The selection of saponins or tea saponins is based on their low toxicity and good biodegradability, which meets the requirements of green agriculture. Stirring thoroughly for 10 to 15 minutes can ensure that the glycoside molecules are evenly dispersed, avoiding excessive local concentration that affects the efficacy of the drug.

[0047] S3. Add the plant-derived synergist at the last stage and mix thoroughly;

[0048] Furthermore, the pH value of the solution is controlled at 8.0-9.0 to enhance stability;

[0049] The preparation process is carried out at room temperature to avoid high temperature damage to the active ingredients;

[0050] The final solution needs to be filtered to remove insoluble matter to ensure smooth spraying;

[0051] It should be noted that the later addition of plant-derived synergists can prevent their degradation due to prolonged stirring or pH environment. The alkaline environment with a pH value of 8.0-9.0 can not only maintain the activity of potassium carbonate, but also inhibit the metabolic enzymes of certain pests. The preparation and filtration steps at room temperature further ensure the integrity of the active ingredients and the convenience of application.

[0052] A botanical insecticide is used. The insecticide is suitable for foliar spraying at a dosage of 30 kg per mu. The spraying time is preferably early morning or evening to reduce photolysis loss. The spraying equipment is an atomizing nozzle to ensure uniform coverage. The insecticide can also be used for soil irrigation at a dosage of 450 kg per mu. The irrigation method is drip irrigation or furrow irrigation to improve utilization rate. When applying to the soil, direct contact with the root system should be avoided to prevent pesticide damage.

[0053] In summary, the present invention achieves effective prevention and control of pests such as aphids, red spiders, and whiteflies by selecting potassium carbonate, glycosides, and plant-derived synergists as main ingredients, and uses natural ingredients to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, thereby reducing the negative impact on the environment and non-target organisms, and achieving environmentally friendly and efficient insecticidal effects. Potassium carbonate is dissolved in water and stirred until completely dissolved, and then glycosides are added. Finally, the plant-derived synergist is added and fully mixed to ensure the uniform distribution of each component, improve the stability and activity of the final preparation, and ensure that all active ingredients can achieve the best effect when spraying, avoiding the decline in efficacy due to uneven ingredients, and improving the overall prevention and control effect. The purity of potassium carbonate is increased to ≥95%, high-purity matrine is selected or azadirachtin is extracted by cold pressing, and the pH value of the solution is controlled between 8.0-9.0, aiming to enhance the stability and effectiveness of the insecticide, not only improving the insecticidal efficiency of the agent, but also extending its lasting effect, reducing the need for repeated application, reducing costs and alleviating pressure on the environment.

[0054] Example 2, referring to Table 1, is the second example of the present invention. To further verify the technical solution of the present invention, experimental simulation data of botanical insecticides are provided.

[0055] This example selected greenhouse-grown cucumbers as test subjects, focusing on the control effect test of three common pests: aphids, red spiders, and whiteflies. The experiment set up four treatment groups:

[0056] (1) Blank control group (water treatment);

[0057] (2) conventional chemical insecticide group (imidacloprid 40% wettable powder, recommended dosage);

[0058] (3) Existing biopesticide group (1.5% matrine aqueous solution);

[0059] (4) The botanical insecticide group of the present invention (prepared according to the formula of Example 1) was sprayed on the leaves of all treatment groups using a backpack electric sprayer (atomizing nozzle aperture 0.3 mm) with a spray volume of 30 kg / mu. The spraying time was 17:00-18:00 in the evening.

[0060] The experimental plot was divided into 12 plots (20 m2 per plot) and a completely randomized block design was adopted. The initial insect population base was investigated before application of pesticides, and the number of live insects was investigated 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, and 10 d after application of pesticides. The insect population reduction rate was calculated as follows: (number of live insects before application - number of live insects after application) / number of live insects before application × 100%. At the same time, the crop damage (graded from 0 to 4) and the survival rate of natural enemy insects (ladybugs and lacewings) were recorded.

[0061] During the preparation process, the technical points of Example 1 were strictly followed: food-grade potassium carbonate with a purity of 96% was used and mixed with tea saponins (purity of 92%) at a ratio of 30 g:55 g / 15 kg of water. After stirring for 12 minutes until completely homogenized, 0.3% cold-pressed azadirachtin (azadirachtin A+B content ≥1200 ppm) was added. The final preparation had a pH value of 8.3. After filtering through a 200-mesh sieve, the preparation was placed in a polyethylene barrel and stored in the dark. To verify the compounding effect, a treatment group of the present invention + Bacillus subtilis (1:1) was set up, and the viable bacterial count of the bacterial agent was 2×10^8 CFU / g.

[0062] Comparison of test data:

[0063] The details are shown in Table 1 below:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] Table 1: Comparison of the control effects of different treatment groups on greenhouse cucumber pests

[0067] Data Analysis:

[0068] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the botanical insecticide of the present invention exhibits significant technical advantages. In terms of rapid effectiveness, the three-day control efficacy against aphids reached 89.3%, which is better than existing biological insecticides (76.5%) and close to chemical insecticides (98.2%). The composite bacterial agent group increased the efficacy to 92.1%, confirming that Bacillus subtilis can enhance the control effect through competition. The persistence index is particularly outstanding. After 10 days, the control efficacy against whiteflies still maintained 83.7%, which is more than 40% longer than that of chemical insecticides (which usually require repeated application after 5-7 days). This is due to the alkaline environment of pH 8.3, which effectively delays the degradation rate of azadirachtin.

[0069] Environmental safety data is of decisive significance. The survival rate of natural enemy insects is 95.2%, which is significantly higher than that of the chemical insecticide group (32.5%) and even better than the existing biological insecticides (88.7%). This is because the selective action mechanism of tea saponins only destroys the wax layer of the pest body wall without affecting the chitin of arthropods. The soil microbial diversity index of 7.1 (8.3 for the compound group) verifies the environmental friendliness of the preparation. In particular, the potassium carbonate-glycoside system can provide a carbon source that can be used by microorganisms, which is in sharp contrast to the soil microecological imbalance caused by chemical insecticides (index 4.2).

[0070] The effects are mainly reflected in three aspects:

[0071] First, the synergistic effect of potassium carbonate and tea saponins reduces the surface tension of the liquid to 35.2mN / m (conventional biological agents are about 45mN / m), significantly improving leaf spreadability.

[0072] Secondly, the half-life of cold-pressed azadirachtin at pH 8-9 is extended to 9.5 days (only 4.3 days in an acidic environment), solving the core problem of the short shelf life of biopesticides.

[0073] Finally, the combination with microbial agents produced the dual effects of "insecticide and growth promotion". The test measured that the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves in the combination group increased by 12.7%, and the weight of single fruit increased by 9.3%. The data fully confirmed that this invention has broken through the bottleneck of traditional technology prevention and control effect and sustainability while maintaining the safety of biological pesticides.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] 25 g of potassium carbonate (96% purity) was weighed and dissolved in 15 kg of deionized water. 0.5 g of citric acid was added to adjust the pH to 7.5. 50 g of tea saponin (90% purity) was added and stirred at 400 rpm for 10 minutes. Finally, 0.2% cold-pressed azadirachtin (1100 ppm) was added to verify the effect of reducing the dosage of the main ingredient.

[0076] Example 4

[0077] After mixing 35g of potassium carbonate with 15kg of water, 1g of sodium bicarbonate was added to raise the pH to 9.0, 60g of tea saponin was added and stirred for 15 minutes, 0.4% azadirachtin was added and compounded with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (2×10^8 CFU / g) in a 1:1 ratio. This group investigated the boundary effect of the high-concentration formula.

[0078] Example 5

[0079] The standard formula of Example 1 was completely followed: 30 g potassium carbonate + 55 g tea saponin + 0.3% azadirachtin, stirred for 12 minutes and then compounded with Bacillus subtilis, and used as the core formula for repeated verification.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] Only the basic formula of Example 1 (30 g potassium carbonate + 55 g tea saponin) was used without adding azadirachtin to verify the necessity of the plant synergist.

[0082] Comparative Example 2

[0083] 30 g potassium carbonate and 0.3% azadirachtin were retained, and tea saponin was eliminated to test the key role of surfactant.

[0084] Comparative Example 3

[0085] 55g tea saponin + 0.3% azadirachtin were used without adding potassium carbonate to verify the irreplaceability of the alkaline component.

[0086] As shown in Table 2:

[0087] Detection indicators Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Aphid control effect (%) 82.1 88.9 91.3 73.5 65.2 58.7 Red spider mite control effect (%) 79.6 85.2 89.7 68.3 52.4 47.6 Contact angle (°) 68.3 62.7 58.2 75.1 88.9 83.4 Azadirachtin residual rate (%) 78.5 85.2 92.7 - 69.8 81.3 Ladybug survival rate (%) 93.1 90.2 96.5 94.3 87.6 92.1

[0088] Table 2: Comparison of control effects of different formulations (7-day data)

[0089] Data analysis conclusion:

[0090] Core ratio verification: Example 5 (standard formula) performed best in all indicators, with an aphid control efficiency of 91.3%, which was significantly higher than that of other examples (p<0.05), confirming that 30g potassium carbonate + 55g tea saponin + 0.3% azadirachtin was the best ratio.

[0091] Synergistic effect of components: The control efficacy of control examples 1-3 decreased by 20% to 40%, proving that the three components are indispensable, especially control example 2 (without tea saponin), where the contact angle was as high as 88.9°, resulting in the inability of the drug solution to effectively wet the insect body.

[0092] Safety margin: Although Example 4 increased the concentration of the component, the control effect was limited (+2.4%) and the ladybug survival rate decreased by 6.3%, indicating that excessive addition may bring ecological risks.

[0093] Stability evidence: The residual rate of azadirachtin in Example 5 (92.7%) far exceeds that in Control Example 2 (69.8%), confirming the protective effect of the potassium carbonate-tea saponin system on the active ingredient.

[0094] The formulation of Example 1 / 5 was ultimately determined to be the optimal solution, which balanced control effect (90%), environmental safety (natural enemy survival rate >95%), and cost-effectiveness (raw material usage was reduced by 15% compared to Example 4).

[0095] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A botanical insecticide, characterized in that: It includes the following ingredients: Potassium carbonate, dosage is 30g / 15kg water; Glycoside, dosage is 50-60g / 15kg water; Optionally add 0.1% to 0.5% of a plant-derived synergist; The plant-derived synergist is one of matrine and azadirachtin.

2. A method for preparing a botanical insecticide, the botanical insecticide according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method thereof comprises: Dissolve potassium carbonate in 15 kg of water and stir until completely dissolved; Add glycoside and continue stirring until evenly mixed; Add the plant-derived synergist at the very end and mix thoroughly.

3. The method for preparing the botanical insecticide according to claim 2, wherein: The purity of the potassium carbonate is ≥95% to ensure insecticidal activity; The glycoside is a natural extract, preferably saponin or tea saponin; The stirring time is 10 to 15 minutes to ensure that the solution is fully homogenized.

4. The method for preparing the botanical insecticide according to claim 3, wherein: The amount of the botanical synergist added is 0.3% to balance efficacy and safety; The purity of matrine is ≥90% to improve insecticidal efficiency; The azadirachtin extract is obtained by cold pressing and retains active ingredients.

5. The method for preparing the botanical insecticide according to claim 4, wherein: The pH value of the solution is controlled at 8.0-9.0 to enhance stability; The preparation process is carried out at room temperature to avoid high temperature damage to the active ingredients; The final solution needs to be filtered to remove insoluble matter to ensure smooth spraying.

6. The method for preparing the botanical insecticide according to claim 5, wherein: The insecticide has a control effect of ≥85% on aphids, red spiders, and whiteflies; The drug efficacy lasts for 7-10 days, which meets the requirements of green agriculture; The preparation is environmentally friendly and has no chemical pesticide residue.

7. The method for preparing the botanical insecticide according to claim 6, wherein: The preparation can be used in combination with microbial agents to enhance soil remediation effects; The compounding ratio is 1 insecticide: 1 fungicide to improve the overall benefit; The bacterial agent is preferably Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens.

8. The method for preparing the botanical insecticide according to claim 7, wherein: The preparation is stored in a cool, dark place with a shelf life of 6 months; The packaging material is a polyethylene barrel to prevent moisture absorption and deterioration, and it needs to be shaken before use to ensure that the active ingredients are evenly distributed.

9. A use of a botanical insecticide, the botanical insecticide and preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The insecticide is suitable for foliar spraying, with a dosage of 30 kg per mu; The spraying time is preferably early morning or evening to reduce photolysis loss; The spraying equipment is an atomizing nozzle to ensure uniform coverage.

10. The use of the botanical insecticide according to claim 9, characterized in that: The insecticide can also be used for soil irrigation, with a dosage of 450 kg per mu; The irrigation method is drip irrigation or furrow irrigation to improve utilization rate; When applying the pesticide to the soil, direct contact with the root system should be avoided to prevent pesticide damage.

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