A zoom lens

Abstract

The application discloses a zoom lens, which comprises, in sequence from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, a focusing lens group with negative optical power, a diaphragm, a variable magnification lens group with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group with positive or negative optical power; the focusing lens group comprises a first lens with negative optical power, a second lens with negative optical power, and a third lens with positive optical power; the variable magnification lens group comprises a fourth lens with positive optical power, a fifth lens with positive optical power, a sixth lens with negative optical power, a seventh lens with positive optical power, an eighth lens with negative optical power, and a ninth lens with positive optical power; the fixed lens group comprises a tenth lens with positive or negative optical power; the focusing lens group and the variable magnification lens group are arranged to move along the direction of the optical axis, so that the zoom lens can be switched between a wide-angle end and a long-focus end. The above technical scheme can make the zoom lens have the advantages of large aperture, large target surface, high definition, small size and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lens technology, and more particularly to a zoom lens. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the demand for lenses in the surveillance market has become increasingly diversified. In the security field, zoom lenses have been widely used due to their advantages such as long shooting distance and wide shooting angle.

[0003] With technological advancements, cameras are increasingly moving towards miniaturization and refinement, which places stricter demands on mainstream zoom lenses. Therefore, how to achieve advantages such as large aperture, large sensor size, high resolution, and compact size in zoom lenses has become a pressing technical challenge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a zoom lens that has advantages such as large aperture, large aperture, high definition, and small size.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, a zoom lens is provided, comprising: a focusing lens group with negative optical power, an aperture stop, a zoom lens group with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group with positive or negative optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side.

[0006] The focusing lens group includes a first lens with negative optical power, a second lens with negative optical power, and a third lens with positive optical power;

[0007] The zoom lens group includes a fourth lens with positive optical power, a fifth lens with positive optical power, a sixth lens with negative optical power, a seventh lens with positive optical power, an eighth lens with negative optical power, and a ninth lens with positive optical power.

[0008] The fixed lens group consists of a tenth lens with positive or negative optical power;

[0009] The focusing lens group and the zoom lens group are moved along the direction of the optical axis; when the focusing lens group and the zoom lens group move together along the direction of the optical axis, the zoom lens can switch between the wide-angle end and the telephoto end.

[0010] Optionally, in the focusing lens group,

[0011] The object-side surface of the first lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the first lens is concave.

[0012] The object-side surface of the second lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the second lens is concave.

[0013] The object-side surface of the third lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the third lens is concave.

[0014] In the zoom lens group

[0015] The object-side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the fourth lens is convex.

[0016] The object-side surface of the fifth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the fifth lens is convex.

[0017] The object-side surface of the sixth lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens is also concave.

[0018] The object-side surface of the seventh lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the seventh lens is concave.

[0019] The object-side surface of the eighth lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the eighth lens is convex.

[0020] The object-side surface of the ninth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the ninth lens is concave.

[0021] In the fixed lens group,

[0022] The object-side surface of the tenth lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the tenth lens is convex.

[0023] Optionally, the second lens, the third lens, the eighth lens, the ninth lens, and the tenth lens are all plastic aspherical lenses;

[0024] The fourth lens is a glass aspherical lens.

[0025] Optionally, the aperture number of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end is FNO1 ≥ 1.505;

[0026] The aperture number of the zoom lens at the telephoto end is FNO2≤2.513.

[0027] Optionally, -2.74 ≤ FG1 / FW ≤ -2.67;

[0028] 2.38≤FG2 / FW≤2.45;

[0029] -140.14≤FG3 / FW≤393.20;

[0030] Wherein, FG1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group, FG2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group, FG3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group, and FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end.

[0031] Optionally, -0.85 ≤ FG1 / FT ≤ -0.84;

[0032] 0.74≤FG2 / FT≤0.77;

[0033] -43.89≤FG3 / FT≤123.16;

[0034] Wherein, FG1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group, FG2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group, FG3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group, and FT is the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end.

[0035] Optionally, 0.73 ≤ S2 / S1 ≤ 0.78

[0036] Wherein, S1 is the maximum distance that the focusing lens group can move, and S2 is the maximum distance that the zoom lens group can move.

[0037] Optionally, the fifth lens, the sixth lens, and the seventh lens form a cemented lens group;

[0038] Where -41.69≤F567 / FG2≤9.36;

[0039] F567 represents the combined focal length of the fifth lens, the sixth lens, and the seventh lens, and FG2 represents the focal length of the zoom lens group.

[0040] Optionally, 1.438≤nd4≤1.504; 81.244≤vd4≤81.853;

[0041] 1.520≤nd5≤1.60;68.937≤vd5≤77.316;

[0042] 1.443≤nd7≤1.499;90.023≤vd7≤95.413;

[0043] Wherein, nd4 is the refractive index of the fourth lens, vd4 is the Abbe number of the fourth lens; nd5 is the refractive index of the fifth lens, vd5 is the Abbe number of the fifth lens; nd7 is the refractive index of the seventh lens, vd7 is the Abbe number of the seventh lens.

[0044] Optionally, 3.19 ≤ FT / FW ≤ 3.24;

[0045] Wherein, FW represents the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and FT represents the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end.

[0046] Optionally, 5.97 ≤ TTL / S2 ≤ 6.20;

[0047] Wherein, TTL represents the total length of the optical system of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and S2 represents the maximum distance that the zoom lens group can move.

[0048] The technical solution of this invention provides a zoom lens with powerful image acquisition capabilities. While meeting the requirements of high resolution and a large image sensor, it can ensure large aperture zoom across the entire focal length range and still capture high-definition images even in situations with insufficient external lighting. It features a long focal length, a large aperture, and a large magnification, while maintaining low optical distortion at both the wide-angle and telephoto ends, meeting the demands for high-quality imaging and making the zoom lens suitable for a wider range of applications. Furthermore, the zoom lens utilizes ten lenses, giving it advantages such as a large aperture, a large image sensor, high definition, and small size.

[0049] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0050] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0051] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the telephoto end according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram showing the chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens;

[0054] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the axial aberration at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens.

[0055] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm.

[0056] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The image shows the aperture fan at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm.

[0057] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 The image fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens at an image plane of 2.3000mm.

[0058] Figure 8 yes Figure 1 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm.

[0059] Figure 9 yes Figure 1 The image shows the aperture fan at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm.

[0060] Figure 10 yes Figure 1 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm.

[0061] Figure 11 yes Figure 1 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm.

[0062] Figure 12 yes Figure 1 The image fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens at an image plane of 4.6000mm.

[0063] Figure 13 yes Figure 2 The diagram showing the vertical chromatic aberration at the telephoto end of the zoom lens;

[0064] Figure 14 yes Figure 2 The image shows the axial aberration at the telephoto end of the zoom lens.

[0065] Figure 15 yes Figure 2 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm.

[0066] Figure 16 yes Figure 2 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm.

[0067] Figure 17 yes Figure 2 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.3000mm.

[0068] Figure 18 yes Figure 2 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm.

[0069] Figure 19 yes Figure 2 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm.

[0070] Figure 20 yes Figure 2The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm.

[0071] Figure 21 yes Figure 2 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm.

[0072] Figure 22 yes Figure 2 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.6000mm.

[0073] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of another zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of another zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 25 yes Figure 23 The diagram showing the chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens;

[0076] Figure 26 yes Figure 23 The diagram shows the axial aberration at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens.

[0077] Figure 27 yes Figure 23 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm.

[0078] Figure 28 yes Figure 23 The image shows the aperture fan at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm.

[0079] Figure 29 yes Figure 23 The image fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens at an image plane of 2.3000mm.

[0080] Figure 30 yes Figure 23 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm.

[0081] Figure 31 yes Figure 23 The image shows the aperture fan at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm.

[0082] Figure 32 yes Figure 23 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm.

[0083] Figure 33 yes Figure 23 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm.

[0084] Figure 34 yes Figure 23 The image fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens at an image plane of 4.6000mm.

[0085] Figure 35 yes Figure 24 The diagram showing the vertical chromatic aberration at the telephoto end of the zoom lens;

[0086] Figure 36 yes Figure 24 The image shows the axial aberration at the telephoto end of the zoom lens.

[0087] Figure 37 yes Figure 24 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm.

[0088] Figure 38 yes Figure 24 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm.

[0089] Figure 39 yes Figure 24 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.3000mm.

[0090] Figure 40 yes Figure 24 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm.

[0091] Figure 41 yes Figure 24 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm.

[0092] Figure 42 yes Figure 24 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm.

[0093] Figure 43 yes Figure 24 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm.

[0094] Figure 44 yes Figure 24 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.6000mm.

[0095] Figure 45 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0096] Figure 46 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of another zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0097] Figure 47 yes Figure 45 The diagram showing the chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens;

[0098] Figure 48 yes Figure 45 The diagram shows the axial aberration at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens.

[0099] Figure 49 yes Figure 45 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm.

[0100] Figure 50 yes Figure 45 The image shows the aperture fan at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm.

[0101] Figure 51 yes Figure 45 The image fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens at an image plane of 2.3000mm.

[0102] Figure 52 yes Figure 45 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm.

[0103] Figure 53 yes Figure 45 The image shows the aperture fan at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm.

[0104] Figure 54 yes Figure 45 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm.

[0105] Figure 55 yes Figure 45 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm.

[0106] Figure 56 yes Figure 45 The image fan diagram shown is for the wide-angle end of the zoom lens at an image plane of 4.6000mm.

[0107] Figure 57 yes Figure 46 The diagram showing the vertical chromatic aberration at the telephoto end of the zoom lens;

[0108] Figure 58 yes Figure 46 The image shows the axial aberration at the telephoto end of the zoom lens.

[0109] Figure 59 yes Figure 46 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm.

[0110] Figure 60 yes Figure 46 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm.

[0111] Figure 61 yes Figure 46 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.3000mm.

[0112] Figure 62 yes Figure 46 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm.

[0113] Figure 63 yes Figure 46 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm.

[0114] Figure 64 yes Figure 46 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm.

[0115] Figure 65 yes Figure 46 The image fan diagram shown is taken at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm.

[0116] Figure 66 yes Figure 46 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.6000mm. Detailed Implementation

[0117] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this invention through specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of this invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to this invention without departing from the spirit or scope of this invention, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, this invention is intended to cover modifications and variations of this invention that fall within the scope of the corresponding claims (the claimed technical solutions) and their equivalents.

[0118] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, terms such as "an," "one," or "the" do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described object changes. In addition, descriptions of "same" or "equal" in the embodiments of this disclosure do not mean that two objects are completely equal in size or shape; they are allowed to be approximately the same or approximately equal within a certain error range.

[0119] It should be noted that the implementation methods provided in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other without contradiction.

[0120] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the wide-angle end according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a zoom lens at the telephoto end according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The zoom lens includes a focusing lens group G1 with negative optical power, an aperture stop STO, a zoom lens group G2 with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group G3 with either positive or negative optical power, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from the object side to the image side; the focusing lens group G1 includes a first lens L1 with negative optical power, a second lens L2 with negative optical power, and a third lens L3 with positive optical power; the zoom lens group G2 includes a fourth lens L4 with positive optical power and a fifth lens L5 with positive optical power. The lens consists of a sixth lens L6 with negative optical power, a seventh lens L7 with positive optical power, an eighth lens L8 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens L9 with positive optical power; the fixed lens group G3 is composed of a tenth lens L10 with either positive or negative optical power; the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 are moved along the optical axis; when the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 move together along the optical axis, the zoom lens can switch between the wide-angle end and the telephoto end.

[0121] The focusing lens group G1, the aperture stop STO, the zoom lens group G2, and the fixed lens group G3 can be arranged in one lens barrel. Figure 1 and Figure 2(Not shown in the image) Within the lens barrel, the fixed lens group G3 is fixed in position, remaining stationary relative to the image plane. The focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 can reciprocate along the optical axis within the lens barrel. Through the coordinated movement of the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2, the focal length of the zoom lens can be continuously varied from wide-angle to telephoto, ensuring high image quality at all focal points. The zoom lens's aperture stop STO is located between the positive optical power third lens L3 and the positive optical power fourth lens L4. By changing the positions of the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 on the optical axis, the zoom lens can be switched between wide-angle and telephoto ends at any time.

[0122] It is understandable that during the zoom process achieved by moving the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2, the zoom lens is at its widest focal length (i.e., at the wide-angle end) and at its longest focal length (i.e., at the telephoto end). At the wide-angle end and the telephoto end, the zoom lens has different focal lengths and optical powers, as well as different lengths or shapes.

[0123] In this embodiment of the invention, setting a negative optical power focusing lens group G1 before the aperture stop STO of the zoom lens ensures that a larger light aperture is generated after light passes through, increasing the F-number of the optical system. This ensures clear imaging when objects at different distances are imaged simultaneously, and clear imaging is also possible in low-light environments, meeting the usage requirements under different conditions. The focusing lens group G1, in conjunction with the fourth lens L4 in the zoom lens group G2, allows light to pass smoothly through the aperture stop STO, avoiding stray light such as reflections at the aperture stop STO, while also adjusting the aberrations of the zoom lens to a certain extent, ensuring aberration balance and stable high and low temperature performance of the zoom lens. The fifth lens L5, sixth lens L6, and seventh lens L7 in the zoom lens group G2 can correct aberrations at the rear of the zoom lens, and, together with the focusing lens group G1 in front of the aperture stop STO, can stabilize the imaging quality of the optical system. The zoom lens group G2, in conjunction with the tenth lens L10 in the fixed lens group G3, can minimize higher-order aberrations of the lens, enlarge the lens target area (size), and improve image quality, meeting usage requirements in more situations.

[0124] It should be noted that optical power is equal to the difference between the image-side convergence and the object-side convergence, and its value is the reciprocal of the focal length. It characterizes the ability of an optical system to deflect light rays. The larger the absolute value of optical power, the stronger the bending ability of light rays; the smaller the absolute value of optical power, the weaker the bending ability of light rays. When the optical power is positive, the refraction of light rays is converging; when the optical power is negative, the refraction of light rays is diverging. Optical power can be used to characterize a single refractive surface of a lens (i.e., one surface of the lens), a single lens, or a system formed by multiple lenses (i.e., a lens group).

[0125] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting a first lens L1 with negative optical power, a second lens L2 with negative optical power, and a third lens L3 with positive optical power in the focusing lens group G1, the focusing lens group G1 has negative optical power. In the zoom lens group G2, a fourth lens L4 with positive optical power, a fifth lens L5 with positive optical power, a sixth lens L6 with negative optical power, a seventh lens L7 with positive optical power, an eighth lens L8 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens with positive optical power are set. L9 enables the zoom lens group G2 to have a positive optical power. A tenth lens L10 with a positive or negative optical power is set in the fixed lens group G3, enabling the fixed lens group G3 to have a positive or negative optical power. This allows the optical powers of each lens group to cooperate with each other, ensuring that the zoom lens can have a large aperture and a long focal length. At the same time, after light enters through the focusing lens group G1, it can pass smoothly through each lens group, which helps to reduce aberrations and chromatic aberrations in the zoom lens and ensures that the zoom lens has high image quality.

[0126] Furthermore, an aperture stop STO is placed between the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2. The aperture stop STO can adjust the propagation direction of the light beam, which helps to improve image quality. By placing the aperture stop STO between the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2, the advanced aberrations of the zoom lens can be controlled at the front end, ensuring that the rear end of the zoom lens has a high image height. This expands the imaging target area while improving image quality, making the zoom lens suitable for different application scenarios.

[0127] For example, a planar glass lens CG is also provided along the direction from the object plane to the image plane; the planar glass lens CG is located on one side of the image surface of the tenth lens L10. The planar glass lens CG can protect the photosensitive chip in the imaging sensor, wherein the photosensitive chip is used to convert the light signal collected by the zoom lens into an electrical signal, thereby ensuring the imaging effect of the zoom lens.

[0128] In summary, the zoom lens provided in this embodiment of the invention possesses powerful image acquisition capabilities. While meeting the requirements of high resolution and a large image sensor, it can ensure large aperture zoom across the entire focal length range and still capture high-definition images even with insufficient external lighting. It features a long focal length, a large aperture, and a large magnification, while maintaining minimal optical distortion at both the wide-angle and telephoto ends, meeting the demands for high-quality imaging and making the zoom lens suitable for a wider range of applications. Furthermore, the zoom lens provided in this embodiment of the invention uses ten lenses, giving it advantages such as a large aperture, a large image sensor, high definition, and small size.

[0129] Optionally, in the focusing lens group G1, the object-side surface of the first lens L1 is convex, and the image-side surface of the first lens L1 is concave; the object-side surface of the second lens L2 is convex, and the image-side surface of the second lens L2 is concave; the object-side surface of the third lens L3 is convex, and the image-side surface of the third lens L3 is concave; in the zoom lens group G2, the object-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is convex, and the image-side surface of the fourth lens L4 is convex; the object-side surface of the fifth lens L5 is convex, and the image-side surface of the fifth lens L5 is concave. The image-side surface of the sixth lens L6 is convex; the object-side surface of the sixth lens L6 is concave, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens L6 is concave; the object-side surface of the seventh lens L7 is convex, and the image-side surface of the seventh lens L7 is concave; the object-side surface of the eighth lens L8 is concave, and the image-side surface of the eighth lens L8 is convex; the object-side surface of the ninth lens L9 is convex, and the image-side surface of the ninth lens L9 is concave; in the fixed lens group G3, the object-side surface of the tenth lens L10 is concave, and the image-side surface of the tenth lens L10 is convex. This arrangement allows light rays from the object side to pass smoothly through the zoom lens, effectively reducing optical distortion and improving image quality.

[0130] Optionally, the second lens L2 and the third lens L3 in the focusing lens group G1, the eighth lens L8 and the ninth lens L9 in the zoom lens group G2, and the tenth lens L10 in the fixed lens group G3 are all plastic aspherical lenses; the fourth lens L4 in the zoom lens group G2 is a glass aspherical lens.

[0131] Thus, the aspherical lenses used in the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 can correct advanced chromatic aberration and aberrations of the lens, control the aberration balance of each group, ensure that the structure after light enters the aperture does not produce severe aberrations, and improve the imaging quality of the optical system. Furthermore, the zoom lens group G2, in conjunction with the tenth aspherical lens L10 in the fixed lens group G3, can minimize advanced aberrations of the lens, increase the lens surface area (size), and improve image quality, meeting the requirements of more usage scenarios.

[0132] Aspherical lenses possess excellent capabilities for controlling higher aberrations in optical systems. The use of an aspherical lens in the fourth lens L4 further reduces higher aberrations after light passes through the aperture, improving the imaging quality of the optical system. Furthermore, glass lenses are temperature-insensitive; using a glass aspherical lens in the fourth lens L4 allows for more consistent performance of the zoom lens under different temperature conditions, exhibiting stable performance at both high and low temperatures. The introduction of glass aspherical lenses also significantly corrects chromatic aberration and higher aberrations in the lens, offering a wider range of choices compared to plastic aspherical lenses, allowing for more diverse structural options and enhancing the lens's market competitiveness. The materials used for the glass spherical lens include various types of glass known to those skilled in the art, which will not be elaborated upon in this embodiment.

[0133] In an optional embodiment, the first lens L1, the fifth lens L5, the sixth lens L6, and the seventh lens L7 are all glass spherical lenses. The lower proportion of glass lenses used in a zoom lens allows for a smaller overall size, which helps reduce the cost of the zoom lens.

[0134] Optionally, the zoom lens has an aperture of f / 1 ≥ 1.505 at the wide-angle end and an aperture of f / 2 ≤ 2.513 at the telephoto end. This ensures both wide-range low-light adaptability and long-distance detail capture capability, meeting complex monitoring needs from wide-angle scenes to distant details 24 hours a day.

[0135] Optionally, -2.74≤FG1 / FW≤-2.67; 2.38≤FG2 / FW≤2.45; -140.14≤FG3 / FW≤393.20; where FG1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group G1, FG2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group G2, FG3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group G3, and FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end.

[0136] Optionally, -0.85≤FG1 / FT≤-0.84; 0.74≤FG2 / FT≤0.77; -43.89≤FG3 / FT≤123.16; where FG1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group G1, FG2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group G2, FG3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group G3, and FT is the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end.

[0137] In this way, a reasonable combination of optical power can be achieved, allowing light to pass through the zoom lens more smoothly and greatly correcting the impact of advanced aberrations on image quality.

[0138] Optionally, 0.73 ≤ S2 / S1 ≤ 0.78, where S1 is the maximum movable distance of the focusing lens group G1 and S2 is the maximum movable distance of the zoom lens group G2. By controlling the moving distances of the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2, the volume and range of motion of the focusing lens group G1 can be minimized to the greatest extent, thereby significantly reducing the size of the zoom lens.

[0139] Optionally, the fifth lens L5, the sixth lens L6, and the seventh lens L7 form a cemented lens group; where -41.69≤F567 / FG2≤9.36; F567 represents the combined focal length of the fifth lens L5, the sixth lens L6, and the seventh lens L7, and FG2 represents the focal length of the zoom lens group G2.

[0140] Specifically, using a cemented lens after the STO aperture can reduce chromatic aberration by utilizing the complementary chromatic aberration of the positive and negative optical power surfaces of the cemented lenses. Simultaneously, the remaining chromatic aberration is used to balance chromatic aberration caused by other components of the zoom lens. This allows for the full correction of various aberrations in the zoom lens, improving imaging performance. Under a compact structure, it can increase resolution, optimize optical performance such as distortion, and reduce light loss caused by inter-lens reflections, thus improving illumination and ultimately enhancing image quality and sharpness. Furthermore, by cementing the fifth lens (L5), sixth lens (L6), and seventh lens (L7), the air gap between these lenses can be effectively reduced, further decreasing the overall lens length.

[0141] Optionally, 1.438≤nd4≤1.504; 81.244≤vd4≤81.853; 1.520≤nd5≤1.60; 68.937≤vd5≤77.316; 1.443≤nd7≤1.499; 90.023≤vd7≤95.413; where nd4 is the refractive index of the fourth lens L4, vd4 is the Abbe number of the fourth lens L4; nd5 is the refractive index of the fifth lens L5, vd5 is the Abbe number of the fifth lens L5; nd7 is the refractive index of the seventh lens L7, vd7 is the Abbe number of the seventh lens L7.

[0142] For example, taking a cemented triplet lens group consisting of the fifth lens L5, the sixth lens L6, and the seventh lens L7, the correction of chromatic aberration and higher aberrations in this zoom optical system mainly relies on the cemented triplet lens group and aspherical lenses. Therefore, the material selection of the fourth lens L4 located behind the aperture stop STO, as well as the materials of the two lenses in front of and behind the cemented triplet lens group, the fifth lens L5 and the seventh lens L7, is crucial. Introducing the aspherical fourth lens L4 behind the aperture stop STO can effectively improve the chromatic aberration of light passing through the aperture. Simultaneously, the use of a high Abbe number for the fourth lens L4 also effectively corrects the chromatic aberration of light after the aperture stop STO. The use of high Abbe number materials for the cemented triplet lens group and the two lenses in front and behind, the fifth lens L5 and the seventh lens L7, can correct the chromatic aberration and higher aberrations generated at the rear of the lens. After light passes through the STO aperture, the use of the triplet lens group can effectively correct chromatic aberration, avoiding the superposition of chromatic aberration at the rear of the lens, which would require a large amount of high Abbe number material to pull back the lens. It can also effectively reduce chromatic aberration, enabling it to achieve confocal imaging in both the visible and near-infrared bands and to produce clear images.

[0143] Optionally, 3.19 ≤ FT / FW ≤ 3.24; where FW represents the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and FT represents the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end. By controlling the ratio of the focal length at the wide-angle end and the focal length at the telephoto end of the zoom lens, the zoom range and focal length range of the zoom lens can be controlled to meet the usage needs under more conditions.

[0144] Optionally, 5.97 ≤ TTL / S2 ≤ 6.20; where TTL represents the total length of the optical system of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and S2 represents the maximum distance the zoom lens group can move. The total length is longest at the wide-angle end throughout the entire zoom process of the zoom lens. This limitation on the zoom lens group G2 and the total lens length compresses the lens space, ensuring that the required image quality and zoom range are met while maintaining a small lens size.

[0145] By allocating parameters such as lens surface type, radius of curvature, thickness, and material of each lens in the zoom lens, this invention can ultimately achieve a zoom lens with a large aperture, large target surface, and clear imaging under a 1 / 1.8″ target surface and within the 436nm-850nm wavelength range.

[0146] In one exemplary embodiment, Table 1 details a feasible implementation. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The specific parameters of the zoom lens shown are as follows.

[0147] Table 1. Parameter Design of a Zoom Lens

[0148]

[0149] Table 2 shows the design parameters of a zoom lens corresponding to Table 1, including lens surface type, radius of curvature, thickness, and materials.

[0150] Table 2. Design of optical physical parameters for zoom lenses.

[0151]

[0152] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the zoom lens provided in this embodiment consists of 10 lenses and a plane glass lens CG. Specifically, the zoom lens includes a focusing lens group G1 with negative optical power, an aperture stop STO, a zoom lens group G2 with positive optical power, a fixed lens group G3 with either positive or negative optical power, and a plane glass lens CG, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from object to image. The focusing lens group G1 includes a first lens L1 with negative optical power, a second lens L2 with negative optical power, and a third lens L3 with positive optical power. The zoom lens group G2 includes a fixed lens group G3 with either positive or negative optical power. The lens group consists of a fourth lens L4 with positive optical power, a fifth lens L5 with positive optical power, a sixth lens L6 with negative optical power, a seventh lens L7 with positive optical power, an eighth lens L8 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens L9 with positive optical power; the fixed lens group G3 is composed of a tenth lens L10 with either positive or negative optical power; wherein, the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 are moved along the direction of the optical axis; when the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 move together along the direction of the optical axis, the zoom lens can switch between the wide-angle end and the telephoto end.

[0153] In Table 2, the surface numbers are assigned according to the surface sequence of each lens. For example, surface number 1 represents the object side of the first lens L1, surface number 2 represents the image side of the first lens L1, and so on. "STO" represents the aperture stop of the zoom lens. The radius of curvature represents the curvature of the corresponding lens surface in mm. A positive value indicates that the surface bends towards the image plane, and a negative value indicates that the surface bends towards the object plane. "INF" indicates that the surface is flat and the radius of curvature is infinite. The thickness represents the axial distance between the current surface and the next surface in mm. The refractive index represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to deflect light. A blank space indicates that the current position is air and the refractive index is 1. The Abbe number represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to disperse light. A blank space indicates that the current position is air and the Abbe number is 1.

[0154] Table 3 shows the design parameters for the zoom interval at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of a zoom lens corresponding to Table 2.

[0155] Table 3. A zoom interval design for the wide-angle and telephoto ends of zoom lenses.

[0156]

[0157] Table 4 shows the aspheric coefficient values ​​used in the current embodiment.

[0158] Table 4 Aspherical coefficients of a zoom lens

[0159]

[0160] Where -7.262515000414E-04 indicates that the coefficient A of face number 3 is -7.262515000414 × 10 -4 And so on.

[0161] The k values ​​in Table 4 represent the numerical values ​​of the best-fit conic coefficients for the aspheric surface. The conic coefficients of the aspheric surface can be defined using the following aspheric formula, but are not limited to the following representations:

[0162]

[0163] Where z is the axial sagitta in the Z direction of the aspherical surface; r is the height of the aspherical surface; c is the curvature of the fitted sphere, which is numerically the reciprocal of the radius of curvature; k is the fitted cone coefficient; A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th orders of the aspherical polynomial, respectively.

[0164] Based on the above parameter design, Table 5 shows the lens parameters of the zoom lens implemented in this embodiment.

[0165] Table 5 Lens parameters of a zoom lens

[0166]

[0167] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown is a transverse chromatic aberration image at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens. Figure 3 The transverse chromatic aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm are shown. The vertical direction represents the field of view, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum field of view (4.6000 mm). The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (μm). Figure 3 It can be seen that the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis is controlled within a small range for different wavelengths, indicating that the zoom lens has good control over the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis at the wide-angle end, which can meet the application requirements under normal conditions.

[0168] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shown depicts the axial aberrations at the wide-angle end of a zoom lens. Figure 4 The diagram shows axial aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius, which is 1.4712 mm. The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 4 It can be seen that the axial aberrations of different wavelengths with normalized apertures of 0.3-1.0 are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control of transverse chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end, meeting the usage requirements. In addition, at the pupil positions of 0.5-0.9, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible light and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0169] Figures 5 to 12 yes Figure 1 The aperture fan diagram at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 5 to 12 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. The fan plot is one of the most commonly used evaluation methods in modern optical design. Ideally, each curve completely coincides with the horizontal axis; at this point, all rays in the field of view are focused at the same point on the image plane. The interval corresponding to the vertical axis of the curve represents the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. The fan plot can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations of different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 5 to 12It can be seen that, at the wide-angle end, all wavelengths of the zoom lens closely approximate the horizontal axis, indicating that the transverse aberration of each wavelength is well corrected. Simultaneously, the curves for each wavelength show no significant dispersion, indicating that the zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, achieving high-resolution imaging and meeting the usage requirements of zoom lenses. Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm. Figure 6 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 1.3800mm. Figure 7 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 2.3000mm. Figure 8 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 2.7600mm. Figure 9 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 3.2200mm. Figure 10 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 3.6800mm. Figure 11 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm. Figure 12 yes Figure 1 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 4.6000mm. Figures 5 to 12 Curves for light with wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 859 nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000 μm.

[0170] Figure 13 yes Figure 2 The diagram shown is a transverse chromatic aberration image at the telephoto end of the zoom lens. Figure 13 The diagram shows the transverse chromatic aberration curves for wavelengths of 436nm, 486nm, 546nm, 587nm, 656nm, and 850nm. The vertical direction represents the field of view, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum field of view. The dominant wavelength is 546nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (μm). Figure 13 It can be seen that the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis is controlled within a small range for different wavelengths, indicating that the zoom lens has good control over the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis at the telephoto end, which can meet the application requirements under normal conditions.

[0171] Figure 14 yes Figure 2The diagram shown is an axial aberration map at the telephoto end of a zoom lens. Figure 14 The diagram shows axial aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius, which is 2.9608 mm. The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 14 It can be seen that the axial aberrations of different wavelengths with normalized apertures of 0.3-1.0 are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control of transverse chromatic aberration at the telephoto end, meeting the usage requirements. In addition, at pupil positions of 0.5-0.9, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0172] Figures 15 to 22 yes Figure 2 The fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 15 to 22 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. The fan plot is one of the most commonly used evaluation methods in modern optical design. Ideally, each curve completely coincides with the horizontal axis; at this point, all rays in the field of view are focused at the same point on the image plane. The interval corresponding to the vertical axis of the curve represents the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. The fan plot can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations of different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 15 to 22 It can be seen that, at the telephoto end, all wavelengths of the zoom lens closely approximate the horizontal axis in each field of view, indicating that the transverse aberration of each wavelength is well corrected. Simultaneously, the curves for each wavelength do not show significant dispersion, indicating that the zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, achieving high-resolution imaging and meeting the usage requirements of zoom lenses. Among these, Figure 15 yes Figure 2 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm. Figure 16 yes Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm. Figure 17 yes Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.3000mm. Figure 18 yes Figure 2 The image shows the aperture fan at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm. Figure 19 yes Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm. Figure 20 yes Figure 2 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm. Figure 21 yes Figure 2 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm. Figure 22 yes Figure 2 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.6000mm. Figures 15 to 22 Curves for light with wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 859 nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000 μm.

[0173] In another exemplary embodiment, Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of another zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 24 This is a schematic diagram of another zoom lens at the telephoto end provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Table 6 details another feasible implementation. Figure 23 and Figure 24 The specific parameters of the zoom lens shown are as follows.

[0174] Table 6. Another parameter design for zoom lenses

[0175]

[0176] Table 7 shows the design parameters of a zoom lens, including lens surface type, radius of curvature, thickness, and materials, corresponding to those in Table 6.

[0177] Table 7. Another optical physical parameter design for zoom lenses

[0178]

[0179] like Figure 23 and Figure 24As shown, the zoom lens provided in this embodiment consists of 10 lenses and a plane glass lens CG. Specifically, the zoom lens includes a focusing lens group G1 with negative optical power, an aperture stop STO, a zoom lens group G2 with positive optical power, a fixed lens group G3 with either positive or negative optical power, and a plane glass lens CG, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from object to image. The focusing lens group G1 includes a first lens L1 with negative optical power, a second lens L2 with negative optical power, and a third lens L3 with positive optical power. The zoom lens group G2 includes a fixed lens group G3 with either positive or negative optical power. The lens group consists of a fourth lens L4 with positive optical power, a fifth lens L5 with positive optical power, a sixth lens L6 with negative optical power, a seventh lens L7 with positive optical power, an eighth lens L8 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens L9 with positive optical power; the fixed lens group G3 is composed of a tenth lens L10 with either positive or negative optical power; wherein, the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 are moved along the direction of the optical axis; when the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 move together along the direction of the optical axis, the zoom lens can switch between the wide-angle end and the telephoto end.

[0180] In Table 7, the surface numbers are assigned according to the surface sequence of each lens. For example, surface number 1 represents the object side of the first lens L1, surface number 2 represents the image side of the first lens L1, and so on. "STO" represents the aperture stop of the zoom lens. The radius of curvature represents the curvature of the corresponding lens surface in mm. A positive value indicates that the surface bends towards the image plane, and a negative value indicates that the surface bends towards the object plane. "INF" indicates that the surface is flat and the radius of curvature is infinite. The thickness represents the axial distance between the current surface and the next surface in mm. The refractive index represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to deflect light. A blank space indicates that the current position is air and the refractive index is 1. The Abbe number represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to disperse light. A blank space indicates that the current position is air and the Abbe number is 1.

[0181] Table 8 shows the design parameters for the zoom interval at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of a zoom lens corresponding to Table 7.

[0182] Table 8. Alternative zoom interval design for the wide-angle and telephoto ends of zoom lenses.

[0183]

[0184] Table 9 shows the aspheric coefficient values ​​used in the current embodiment.

[0185] Table 9 Aspherical coefficients of another zoom lens

[0186]

[0187] Where -6.507187476931E-04 indicates that the coefficient A of face number 3 is -6.507187476931 × 10 -4 And so on.

[0188] The k values ​​in Table 9 represent the numerical values ​​of the best-fit conic coefficients for the aspheric surface. The conic coefficients of the aspheric surface can be defined using the following aspheric formula, but are not limited to the following representations:

[0189]

[0190] Where z is the axial sagitta in the Z direction of the aspherical surface; r is the height of the aspherical surface; c is the curvature of the fitted sphere, which is numerically the reciprocal of the radius of curvature; k is the fitted cone coefficient; A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th orders of the aspherical polynomial, respectively.

[0191] Based on the above parameter design, Table 10 shows the lens parameters of the zoom lens implemented in this embodiment.

[0192] Table 10 Lens parameters of another zoom lens

[0193]

[0194] Figure 25 yes Figure 23 The diagram shown is a transverse chromatic aberration image at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens. Figure 25 The transverse chromatic aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm are shown. The vertical direction represents the field of view, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum field of view (4.6000 mm). The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (μm). Figure 25 It can be seen that the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis is controlled within a small range for different wavelengths, indicating that the zoom lens has good control over the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis at the wide-angle end, which can meet the application requirements under normal conditions.

[0195] Figure 26 yes Figure 23 The diagram shown depicts the axial aberrations at the wide-angle end of a zoom lens. Figure 26 The diagram shows axial aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius, which is 1.4495 mm. The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 26It can be seen that the axial aberrations of different wavelengths with normalized apertures of 0.3-1.0 are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control of transverse chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end, meeting the usage requirements. In addition, at the pupil positions of 0.5-0.9, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible light and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0196] Figures 27 to 34 yes Figure 23 The aperture fan diagram at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 27 to 34 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. The fan plot is one of the most commonly used evaluation methods in modern optical design. Ideally, each curve completely coincides with the horizontal axis; at this point, all rays in the field of view are focused at the same point on the image plane. The interval corresponding to the vertical axis of the curve represents the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. The fan plot can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations of different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 27 to 34 It can be seen that, at the wide-angle end, all wavelengths of the zoom lens closely approximate the horizontal axis, indicating that the transverse aberration of each wavelength is well corrected. Simultaneously, the curves for each wavelength show no significant dispersion, indicating that the zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, achieving high-resolution imaging and meeting the usage requirements of zoom lenses. Figure 27 yes Figure 23 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm. Figure 28 yes Figure 23 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 1.3800mm. Figure 29 yes Figure 23 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 2.3000mm. Figure 30 yes Figure 23 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 2.7600mm. Figure 31 yes Figure 23 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 3.2200mm. Figure 32 yes Figure 23 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 3.6800mm. Figure 33 yes Figure 23 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm. Figure 34 yes Figure 23 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 4.6000mm. Figures 27 to 34Curves for light with wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 859 nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000 μm.

[0197] Figure 35 yes Figure 24 The diagram shown is a transverse chromatic aberration image at the telephoto end of the zoom lens. Figure 35 The diagram shows the transverse chromatic aberration curves for wavelengths of 436nm, 486nm, 546nm, 587nm, 656nm, and 850nm. The vertical direction represents the field of view, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum field of view. The dominant wavelength is 546nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (μm). Figure 35 It can be seen that the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis is controlled within a small range for different wavelengths, indicating that the zoom lens has good control over the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis at the telephoto end, which can meet the application requirements under normal conditions.

[0198] Figure 36 yes Figure 24 The diagram shown is an axial aberration map at the telephoto end of a zoom lens. Figure 36 The diagram shows axial aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius, which is 2.8785 mm. The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 36 It can be seen that the axial aberrations of different wavelengths with normalized apertures of 0.3-1.0 are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control of transverse chromatic aberration at the telephoto end, meeting the usage requirements. In addition, at pupil positions of 0.5-0.9, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0199] Figures 37 to 44 yes Figure 24 The fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 37 to 44 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. The fan plot is one of the most commonly used evaluation methods in modern optical design. Ideally, each curve completely coincides with the horizontal axis; at this point, all rays in the field of view are focused at the same point on the image plane. The interval corresponding to the vertical axis of the curve represents the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. The fan plot can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations of different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 37 to 44It can be seen that, at the telephoto end, all wavelengths of the zoom lens closely approximate the horizontal axis in each field of view, indicating that the transverse aberration of each wavelength is well corrected. Simultaneously, the curves for each wavelength do not show significant dispersion, indicating that the zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, achieving high-resolution imaging and meeting the usage requirements of zoom lenses. Among these, Figure 37 yes Figure 24 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm. Figure 38 yes Figure 24 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm. Figure 39 yes Figure 24 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.3000mm. Figure 40 yes Figure 24 The image shows the aperture fan at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm. Figure 41 yes Figure 24 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm. Figure 42 yes Figure 24 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm. Figure 43 yes Figure 24 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm. Figure 44 yes Figure 24 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.6000mm. Figures 37 to 44 Curves for light with wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 859 nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000 μm.

[0200] In yet another exemplary embodiment, Figure 45 This is a schematic diagram of another zoom lens at the wide-angle end provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 46 This is a schematic diagram of another zoom lens at the telephoto end provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Table 11 details another feasible implementation method. Figure 45 and Figure 46 The specific parameters of the zoom lens shown are as follows.

[0201] Table 11 Another parameter design for zoom lenses

[0202]

[0203] Table 12 shows the design parameters of a zoom lens, including lens surface type, radius of curvature, thickness, and materials, corresponding to Table 11.

[0204] Table 12 Another optical physical parameter design for zoom lenses

[0205]

[0206] like Figure 45 and Figure 46 As shown, the zoom lens provided in this embodiment consists of 10 lenses and a plane glass lens CG. Specifically, the zoom lens includes a focusing lens group G1 with negative optical power, an aperture stop STO, a zoom lens group G2 with positive optical power, a fixed lens group G3 with either positive or negative optical power, and a plane glass lens CG, arranged sequentially along the optical axis from object to image. The focusing lens group G1 includes a first lens L1 with negative optical power, a second lens L2 with negative optical power, and a third lens L3 with positive optical power. The zoom lens group G2 includes a fixed lens group G3 with either positive or negative optical power. The lens group consists of a fourth lens L4 with positive optical power, a fifth lens L5 with positive optical power, a sixth lens L6 with negative optical power, a seventh lens L7 with positive optical power, an eighth lens L8 with negative optical power, and a ninth lens L9 with positive optical power; the fixed lens group G3 is composed of a tenth lens L10 with either positive or negative optical power; wherein, the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 are moved along the direction of the optical axis; when the focusing lens group G1 and the zoom lens group G2 move together along the direction of the optical axis, the zoom lens can switch between the wide-angle end and the telephoto end.

[0207] In Table 12, the surface numbers are assigned according to the surface sequence of each lens. For example, surface number 1 represents the object side of the first lens L1, surface number 2 represents the image side of the first lens L1, and so on. "STO" represents the aperture stop of the zoom lens. The radius of curvature represents the curvature of the corresponding lens surface in mm. A positive value indicates that the surface bends towards the image plane, and a negative value indicates that the surface bends towards the object plane. "INF" indicates that the surface is flat and the radius of curvature is infinite. The thickness represents the axial distance between the current surface and the next surface in mm. The refractive index represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to deflect light. A blank space indicates that the current position is air and the refractive index is 1. The Abbe number represents the ability of the material between the current surface and the next surface to disperse light. A blank space indicates that the current position is air and the Abbe number is 1.

[0208] Table 13 shows the design parameters for the zoom interval at the wide-angle and telephoto ends of a zoom lens corresponding to Table 12.

[0209] Table 13: Another zoom interval design for the wide-angle and telephoto ends of zoom lenses.

[0210]

[0211] Table 14 shows the aspheric coefficient values ​​used in the current embodiment.

[0212] Table 14 Aspherical coefficients of another type of zoom lens

[0213]

[0214] Where -7.322464458788E-04 indicates that the coefficient A of face number 3 is -7.322464458788 × 10 -4 And so on.

[0215] The k values ​​in Table 14 represent the numerical values ​​of the best-fit conic coefficients for the aspheric surface. The conic coefficients of the aspheric surface can be defined using the following aspheric formula, but are not limited to the following representations:

[0216]

[0217] Where z is the axial sagitta in the Z direction of the aspherical surface; r is the height of the aspherical surface; c is the curvature of the fitted sphere, which is numerically the reciprocal of the radius of curvature; k is the fitted cone coefficient; A, B, C, D, E, F, and G are the 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th orders of the aspherical polynomial, respectively.

[0218] Based on the above parameter design, Table 15 shows the lens parameters of the zoom lens implemented in this embodiment.

[0219] Table 15 Lens parameters for another type of zoom lens

[0220]

[0221] Figure 47 yes Figure 45 The diagram shown is a transverse chromatic aberration image at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens. Figure 47 The transverse chromatic aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm are shown. The vertical direction represents the field of view, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum field of view (4.6000 mm). The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (μm). Figure 47 It can be seen that the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis is controlled within a small range for different wavelengths, indicating that the zoom lens has good control over the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis at the wide-angle end, which can meet the application requirements under normal conditions.

[0222] Figure 48 yes Figure 45 The diagram shown depicts the axial aberrations at the wide-angle end of a zoom lens. Figure 48The diagram shows axial aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius, which is 1.4742 mm. The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 48 It can be seen that the axial aberrations of different wavelengths with normalized apertures of 0.3-1.0 are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control of transverse chromatic aberration at the wide-angle end, meeting the usage requirements. In addition, at the pupil positions of 0.5-0.9, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible light and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0223] Figures 49 to 56 yes Figure 45 The aperture fan diagram at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 49 to 56 As shown, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. The fan plot is one of the most commonly used evaluation methods in modern optical design. Ideally, each curve completely coincides with the horizontal axis; at this point, all rays in the field of view are focused at the same point on the image plane. The interval corresponding to the vertical axis of the curve represents the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. The fan plot can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations of different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 49 to 56 It can be seen that, at the wide-angle end, all wavelengths of the zoom lens closely approximate the horizontal axis, indicating that the transverse aberration of each wavelength is well corrected. Simultaneously, the curves for each wavelength show no significant dispersion, indicating that the zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, achieving high-resolution imaging and meeting the usage requirements of zoom lenses. Figure 49 yes Figure 45 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm. Figure 50 yes Figure 45 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 1.3800mm. Figure 51 yes Figure 45 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 2.3000mm. Figure 52 yes Figure 45 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 2.7600mm. Figure 53 yes Figure 45 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 3.2200mm. Figure 54 yes Figure 45 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 3.6800mm. Figure 55 yes Figure 45The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the wide-angle end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm. Figure 56 yes Figure 45 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end with an image plane of 4.6000mm. Figures 49 to 56 Curves for light with wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 859 nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000 μm.

[0224] Figure 57 yes Figure 46 The diagram shown is a transverse chromatic aberration image at the telephoto end of the zoom lens. Figure 57 The diagram shows the transverse chromatic aberration curves for wavelengths of 436nm, 486nm, 546nm, 587nm, 656nm, and 850nm. The vertical direction represents the field of view, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the transverse direction represents the maximum field of view. The dominant wavelength is 546nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in micrometers (μm). Figure 57 It can be seen that the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis is controlled within a small range for different wavelengths, indicating that the zoom lens has good control over the chromatic aberration along the vertical axis at the telephoto end, which can meet the application requirements under normal conditions.

[0225] Figure 58 yes Figure 46 The diagram shown is an axial aberration map at the telephoto end of a zoom lens. Figure 58 The diagram shows axial aberration curves for wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 850 nm. The vertical direction represents the normalized aperture, with 0 indicating the optical axis. The vertex in the perpendicular direction represents the maximum pupil radius, which is 2.9502 mm. The dominant wavelength is 546 nm, and the horizontal direction represents the offset relative to the dominant wavelength, in millimeters (mm). Figure 58 It can be seen that the axial aberrations of different wavelengths with normalized apertures of 0.3-1.0 are all controlled within a reasonable range, indicating that the zoom lens achieves good control of transverse chromatic aberration at the telephoto end, meeting the usage requirements. In addition, at pupil positions of 0.5-0.9, there is no significant chromatic aberration between visible and infrared light, meeting the basic requirement of clear imaging at night and achieving a clear image across the entire wavelength range.

[0226] Figures 59 to 66 yes Figure 46 The fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens shown is as follows: Figures 59 to 66As shown, the horizontal axis represents the normalized beam aperture, and the vertical axis represents the transverse aberration. The fan plot is one of the most commonly used evaluation methods in modern optical design. Ideally, each curve completely coincides with the horizontal axis; at this point, all rays in the field of view are focused at the same point on the image plane. The interval corresponding to the vertical axis of the curve represents the maximum dispersion range of the beam on the ideal image plane. The fan plot can reflect not only monochromatic aberrations of different wavelengths but also the magnitude of transverse chromatic aberration. Figures 59 to 66 It can be seen that, at the telephoto end, all wavelengths of the zoom lens closely approximate the horizontal axis in each field of view, indicating that the transverse aberration of each wavelength is well corrected. Simultaneously, the curves for each wavelength do not show significant dispersion, indicating that the zoom lens also effectively corrects chromatic aberration, achieving high-resolution imaging and meeting the usage requirements of zoom lenses. Among these, Figure 59 yes Figure 46 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 0.0000mm. Figure 60 yes Figure 46 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 1.3800mm. Figure 61 yes Figure 46 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.3000mm. Figure 62 yes Figure 46 The image shows the aperture fan at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 2.7600mm. Figure 63 yes Figure 46 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.2200mm. Figure 64 yes Figure 46 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 3.6800mm. Figure 65 yes Figure 46 The image shows the aperture fan diagram at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.1400mm. Figure 66 yes Figure 46 The image shown is a fan-shaped pattern at the telephoto end of the zoom lens when the image plane is 4.6000mm. Figures 59 to 66 Curves for light with wavelengths of 436 nm, 486 nm, 546 nm, 587 nm, 656 nm, and 859 nm are shown, with a maximum scaling of ±100.000 μm.

[0227] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A zoom lens, characterized in that, include: Along the optical axis, from the object side to the image side, there is a focusing lens group with negative optical power, an aperture stop, a zoom lens group with positive optical power, and a fixed lens group with positive or negative optical power. The focusing lens group consists of a first lens with negative optical power, a second lens with negative optical power, and a third lens with positive optical power; The zoom lens group consists of a fourth lens with positive optical power, a fifth lens with positive optical power, a sixth lens with negative optical power, a seventh lens with positive optical power, an eighth lens with negative optical power, and a ninth lens with positive optical power. The fixed lens group consists of a tenth lens with positive or negative optical power; The zoom lens has three lens groups with optical power. The focusing lens group and the zoom lens group are moved along the direction of the optical axis; when the focusing lens group and the zoom lens group move together along the direction of the optical axis, the zoom lens can switch between the wide-angle end and the telephoto end. 3.19≤FT / FW≤3.24; where FW represents the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and FT represents the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end.

2. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the focusing lens group, The object-side surface of the first lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the first lens is concave. The object-side surface of the second lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the second lens is concave. The object-side surface of the third lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the third lens is concave. In the zoom lens group The object-side surface of the fourth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the fourth lens is convex. The object-side surface of the fifth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the fifth lens is convex. The object-side surface of the sixth lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the sixth lens is also concave. The object-side surface of the seventh lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the seventh lens is concave. The object-side surface of the eighth lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the eighth lens is convex. The object-side surface of the ninth lens is convex, and the image-side surface of the ninth lens is concave. In the fixed lens group, The object-side surface of the tenth lens is concave, and the image-side surface of the tenth lens is convex.

3. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second lens, the third lens, the eighth lens, the ninth lens, and the tenth lens are all plastic aspherical lenses; The fourth lens is a glass aspherical lens.

4. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aperture number of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end is FNO1≥1.505; The aperture number of the zoom lens at the telephoto end is FNO2≤2.

513.

5. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, -2.74≤FG1 / FW≤-2.67; 2.38≤FG2 / FW≤2.45; -140.14≤FG3 / FW≤393.20; Wherein, FG1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group, FG2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group, FG3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group, and FW is the focal length of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end.

6. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, -0.85≤FG1 / FT≤-0.84; 0.74≤FG2 / FT≤0.77; -43.89≤FG3 / FT≤123.16; Wherein, FG1 is the focal length of the focusing lens group, FG2 is the focal length of the zoom lens group, FG3 is the focal length of the fixed lens group, and FT is the focal length of the zoom lens at the telephoto end.

7. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, 0.73≤S2 / S1≤0.78 Wherein, S1 is the maximum distance that the focusing lens group can move, and S2 is the maximum distance that the zoom lens group can move.

8. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fifth lens, the sixth lens, and the seventh lens constitute a cemented lens group; Where -41.69≤F567 / FG2≤9.36; F567 represents the combined focal length of the fifth lens, the sixth lens, and the seventh lens, and FG2 represents the focal length of the zoom lens group.

9. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, 1.438≤nd4≤1.504;81.244≤vd4≤81.853; 1.520≤nd5≤1.60;68.937≤vd5≤77.316; 1.443≤nd7≤1.499;90.023≤vd7≤95.413; Wherein, nd4 is the refractive index of the fourth lens, vd4 is the Abbe number of the fourth lens; nd5 is the refractive index of the fifth lens, vd5 is the Abbe number of the fifth lens; nd7 is the refractive index of the seventh lens, vd7 is the Abbe number of the seventh lens.

10. The zoom lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, 5.97≤TTL / S2≤6.20; Wherein, TTL represents the total length of the optical system of the zoom lens at the wide-angle end, and S2 represents the maximum distance that the zoom lens group can move.

Images