Low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit and control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a low-power-consumption intelligent breathing valve circuit and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of intelligent breathing valve circuits. The low-power-consumption intelligent breathing valve circuit comprises a sensor unit, one side of the sensor unit is connected with a signal processing unit, the signal processing unit comprises a first fuse, one end of the first fuse is sequentially connected with a first diode, a second diode, a negative electrode of a third diode and a first resistor. The low-power-consumption intelligent breathing valve circuit can realize the monitoring of the opening and closing state of a breathing valve, the pressure of a storage tank, the action frequency of a valve and other key parameters by collecting and sending real-time data, thereby providing safer, more intelligent and more efficient operation guarantee for a dangerous chemical storage tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of intelligent breathing valves, and more particularly to a low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, large storage tanks have been commonly used for storing hazardous chemicals. During storage, the internal pressure of these tanks fluctuates, necessitating the use of breather valves to release pressure. Existing breather valves are purely mechanical and lack fault diagnosis and emission monitoring capabilities. With the advent of intelligent technologies, to achieve "visibility, analysis, alarm capability, and traceability" for these breather valves, intelligent upgrades are needed to meet the demands of intelligent monitoring and efficient management in the AI ​​era.

[0003] However, due to the lack of prior planning and reservation for wired power supply at the storage tank site, and its location in a Zone 1 explosion-proof area with high safety requirements, laying cables is not only costly and complex, but may also damage the safety and sealing of the original storage tank structure. On the other hand, the breather valve outlet is usually managed as Zone 0, which is a dangerous environment where flammable and explosive gases may be present continuously or frequently. This places extremely stringent requirements on the explosion-proof performance of electrical equipment. Ordinary circuits are prone to safety accidents due to electric sparks or high temperatures. Therefore, the power supply method, circuit design, and overall explosion-proof level of the control equipment are all subject to extremely high challenges. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned problems of insufficient electrification and intelligence in existing breathing valves, this invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, one of the objectives of this invention is to provide a low-power intrinsically safe breathing valve circuit.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit, including a sensor unit, one side of which is connected to a signal processing unit; the signal processing unit includes a first fuse, one end of which is sequentially connected to the negative terminals of a first diode, a second diode, and a third diode, and a first resistor, and the positive terminals of the first diode, the second diode, and the third diode are connected to ground; wherein, the output current range of the sensor unit is between 0.5mA and 3mA.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit of the present invention, the other end of the first resistor is connected to pin 1 of the sensor unit, the other end of the sensor unit is connected to pin 3 of the first operational amplifier, and pin 3 of the first operational amplifier is connected to ground through a second resistor; pin 4 of the first operational amplifier is connected to ground, and pin 8 of the first operational amplifier is connected to the VCC1 power supply port; pin 2 of the first operational amplifier is connected to pin 1 of the first operational amplifier through a third resistor, and pin 2 of the first operational amplifier and the third resistor are connected to ground through a fourth resistor.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit described in this invention, the first operational amplifier has a gain of 4.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit of the present invention, the sensor unit and the signal processing unit are each provided in two sets, and the output terminals of the two sets of signal processing units are connected to the I / O input ports of the processor.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit of the present invention, it further includes: a first power supply unit; the first power supply unit includes a first field-effect transistor (FET), the gate of the first FET is connected to ground through a tenth resistor, and the drain of the first FET is connected to the VIN port and EN port of a voltage regulator chip; an eleventh capacitor, a twelfth capacitor, and a thirteenth capacitor are sequentially connected between the drain of the first FET and the VIN port of the voltage regulator chip, and the other ends of the eleventh capacitor, the twelfth capacitor, and the thirteenth capacitor are all grounded; the SW pin of the voltage regulator chip is connected to a first inductor, one end of the first inductor is sequentially connected to a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a sixth capacitor, and one end of a second fuse, the other ends of the fourth capacitor, the fifth capacitor, and the sixth capacitor are grounded; the other end of the second fuse is sequentially connected to a tenth diode, an eleventh diode, a twelfth diode, and one end of a seventh resistor, the other ends of the tenth diode, the eleventh diode, and the twelfth diode are grounded; the other end of the seventh resistor is connected to a third FET, and the drain of the third FET is connected to a signal processing unit.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit of the present invention, it further includes a second power supply unit;

[0012] The second power supply unit includes a step-down chip. A second field-effect transistor (FET) is disposed between the VIN port of the step-down chip and the thirteenth capacitor. The drain of the second FET is connected to the VIN port of the step-down chip. The gate of the second FET is connected to the source of the second FET through a ninth resistor. The collector of a transistor is connected between the gate of the second FET and the ninth resistor. The emitter of the transistor is connected to ground, and the base of the transistor is connected to the processor through a twelfth resistor. The drain of the second FET is connected to ground through a tenth capacitor. The SW pin of the step-down chip is connected to a third inductor. One end of the third inductor is sequentially connected to a fourteenth capacitor, a fifteenth capacitor, a sixteenth capacitor, a seventeenth capacitor, an eighteenth capacitor, and one end of a third fuse. The other ends of the fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth capacitors are grounded. The other end of the third fuse is sequentially connected to the cathode of a fifteenth diode, a sixteenth diode, a seventeenth diode, and one end of an eleventh resistor. The other ends of the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth diodes are grounded.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit of the present invention, it further includes: a processor, wherein the processor, a signal processing unit, and a wireless communication unit are electrically connected; the processor's IO output port is connected to a fifth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor is sequentially connected to the cathodes of a fourth diode, a fifth diode, a sixth diode, and port 1 of an optocoupler, the anodes of the fourth diode, a fifth diode, and a sixth diode, and port 2 of the optocoupler are connected to ground; port 4 of the optocoupler is sequentially connected to the cathodes of a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, and one end of the sixth resistor, one end of the sixth resistor is connected to a pressure gauge; the wireless communication unit includes a communication chip. The communication chip's IO pin is connected to one end of the second inductor via an eighth resistor. The other end of the second inductor is connected to a seventh capacitor. The other end of the seventh capacitor is connected to the SIG pin of the RF antenna mount. The two GND pins of the RF antenna mount are connected to the first antenna. A gas discharge tube is connected between the seventh capacitor and the RF antenna mount. The other end of the gas discharge tube is connected to the second antenna. A thirteenth diode, a fourteenth diode, and one end of the eighth capacitor are sequentially connected between the seventh capacitor and the second inductor. A ninth capacitor is connected between the eighth resistor and the second inductor. The other ends of the thirteenth diode, the fourteenth diode, the eighth capacitor, and the ninth capacitor are all connected to ground.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention's low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit are as follows: Energy is supplied via battery or other non-contact power methods. Simultaneously, the use of low-power circuitry and intrinsically safe design significantly reduces energy consumption while ensuring stable operation around the clock, extending the equipment's service life in the field and reducing maintenance frequency. Furthermore, the circuit's lightning protection design, ultra-low power operation, and power logic control are all low-power designs, meeting Zone 0 explosion-proof requirements while improving the circuit's applicability and long-lasting operation, thus eliminating the need for an external power source and achieving extended power supply. Simultaneously, by collecting and transmitting real-time data, it monitors key parameters such as the breathing valve's opening and closing status, tank pressure, and valve operation frequency, thereby providing safer, smarter, and more efficient operational protection for hazardous chemical storage tanks. This promotes the upgrade of traditional mechanical safety equipment towards intelligence, meeting the development needs of industrial safety production and intelligent management in the AI ​​era.

[0015] Another objective of this invention is to provide an algorithm to reduce device consumption.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a control method for an intelligent breathing valve circuit, comprising a low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit, and further comprising the following steps: a) the processor monitors the level change of the pin; b) when the position A of the valve disc changes, the processor detects the level change of the pin, and sends pressure signals "on" and "off" signals through a wireless communication unit after different preset first delay time T1 and second delay time T2 according to the rising and falling edges of the level; c) within the second delay time T2 of triggering the "off" signal, the processor continues to monitor the level change of the pin, and if the pin level flips, the subsequent signal transmission operation is interrupted; d) the real-time status is reconfirmed at the end of the second delay time T2, and when the level is in a low level state, the operation of sending the pressure signal "off" is executed.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the control method for the intelligent breathing valve circuit described in this invention, the first delay time T1 is shorter than the second delay time T2.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the control method for the intelligent breathing valve circuit of the present invention, the method further includes: when the processor detects that the level of the pin changes from low to high, it immediately activates the wireless communication unit to upload the valve disc position A and the pressure gauge data to the remote server; when the level remains low, the wireless communication unit is periodically activated at a preset hourly interval to upload the valve disc position A to the remote server.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the intelligent breathing valve circuit control method of the present invention are as follows: On the one hand, the energy consumption caused by repeated sending of the equipment can be reduced and the endurance can be improved; on the other hand, when the tank is being fed or discharged, the collected data can be used to determine whether the breathing valve is stuck, so as to prevent dangerous situations such as tank swelling. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of Embodiment 1 is shown.

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of dual proximity sensors is shown.

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the processor's circuit structure is shown.

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the pressure gauge data transmission circuit is shown.

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the first power supply unit is shown.

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the communication chip is shown.

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the second power supply unit is shown.

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the antenna circuit is shown.

[0029] Figure 9 A timing diagram of the control method of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 10 A timing diagram of an instantaneous transmission method in the prior art is shown.

[0031] Reference numerals: 100, sensor unit; 200, signal processing unit; 300, processor; 400, pressure gauge; 500, first power supply unit; 600, wireless communication unit; 601, communication chip; 602, radio frequency antenna mount; 603, first antenna; 604, gas discharge tube; 605, second antenna; 700, second power supply unit; FH1, first fuse; D14, first diode; D7, second diode; D4, third diode; R48, first resistor; U 8A, First operational amplifier; U8B, Second operational amplifier; R18, Second resistor; R30, Third resistor; R32, Fourth resistor; R49, Fifth resistor; U9, Optocoupler; D18, Seventh diode; D19, Eighth diode; D20, Ninth diode; R47, Sixth resistor; Q8, First field-effect transistor; R40, Tenth resistor; U6, Zener diode; C7, Eleventh capacitor; C8, Twelfth capacitor; C23, Thirteenth capacitor; L1, First inductor; C5. Fourth capacitor; C6, fifth capacitor; C17, sixth capacitor; F1, second fuse; D1, tenth diode; D5, eleventh diode; D24, twelfth diode; R3, seventh resistor; R15, eighth resistor; L4, second inductor; C22, seventh capacitor; D11, thirteenth diode; D10, fourteenth diode; C27, eighth capacitor; C28, ninth capacitor; Q14, second field-effect transistor; R22, ninth resistor; Q15, transistor; Q9, third field-effect transistor. The following components are listed: R38, twelfth resistor; C30, tenth capacitor; U3, step-down chip; L3, third inductor; C13, fourteenth capacitor; C14, fifteenth capacitor; C15, sixteenth capacitor; C16, seventeenth capacitor; C20, eighteenth capacitor; F2, third fuse; D12, fifteenth diode; D13, sixteenth diode; D25, seventeenth diode; R41, eleventh resistor; D17, fourth diode; D15, fifth diode; D16, sixth diode. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0033] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0034] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit, including a sensor unit 100, one side of which is connected to a signal processing unit 200; the signal processing unit 200 includes a first fuse FH1, one end of which is sequentially connected to the cathodes of a first diode D14, a second diode D7, and a third diode D4, and a first resistor R48, and the anodes of the first diode D14, the second diode D7, and the third diode D4 are connected to ground; wherein, the output current range of the sensor unit 100 is between 0.5mA and 3mA.

[0035] The sensor unit 100 is capable of measuring various physical quantities in the external environment and providing feedback through the magnitude of the output current. The sensor unit 100 is a low-power isolated sensor, one end of which is connected to the signal processing unit 200. The signal processing unit 200 is used to protect and amplify the proximity signal and output it to the processor 300 for further processing.

[0036] The signal processing unit 200 includes a first fuse FH1 for overcurrent protection. Based on the intrinsically safe design concept, the maximum energy peak needs to be limited. Therefore, one end of the first fuse FH1 is connected to the 3.3V power supply port 3V3 to ensure that it can quickly blow when the external energy exceeds the discharge capacity of the subsequent circuit. The other end is connected in series with the cathodes of the first diode D14, the second diode D7, and the third diode D4, as well as the first resistor R48. The three diodes form a parallel clamping network. If a single diode fails, the remaining diodes can still perform voltage clamping to avoid high voltage impact on subsequent circuits and eliminate the risk of electrical sparks from the source. Then, the first resistor R48 is used for current limiting protection and is connected in series to the input terminal of the sensor unit 100.

[0037] Subsequently, the output of sensor unit 100 is connected to pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U8A, which is grounded through the second resistor R18 to set the input bias level; pin 8 of the first operational amplifier U8A is connected to VCC1, and pin 4 is grounded; pin 2 is connected to pin 1 of the first operational amplifier U8A through the third resistor R30 to realize feedback adjustment; at the same time, pin 2 is grounded through the fourth resistor R32 to construct hysteresis comparison logic.

[0038] When the sensor unit 100 detects a change in the measurement, the change in its output current causes a change in the input level of the first operational amplifier U8A, which in turn drives its output to amplify the level signal and send it to the IO input port of the processor 300. The processor 300 samples and judges the signal to trigger further control logic.

[0039] In actual use, when the device is powered on, the VCC1 port is supplied with an external 3.3V power supply, outputting a stable 3.3V high level. This high level is first applied to the clamping node of the signal processing unit 200 via the first fuse FH1. Under normal circumstances, the first diode D14, the second diode D7, and the third diode D4 are either cut off or have only a very small reverse leakage current, hardly affecting the subsequent level. When an external surge or abnormality causes the voltage of this node to rise and exceed the breakdown voltage of the diode, the diode enters the reverse breakdown conduction state, bypassing the excess current to the ground line, limiting the voltage of the clamping node to not exceed the predetermined intrinsically safe voltage range.

[0040] When a surge causes the current flowing through the first fuse FH1 to exceed its rated fusing value, the first fuse FH1 blows, and the VCC1 port is electrically isolated from the subsequent circuit, thereby cutting off the energy input and ensuring that the entire circuit remains intrinsically safe even under severe overcurrent conditions.

[0041] After passing through the aforementioned clamping node, the operating current is supplied to the sensor unit 100 via the first resistor R48. When the sensor unit 100 is not activated, the current flowing through the first resistor R48 and the sensor unit 100 is relatively small. Adjusting the first resistor R48 limits the current to 0.5mA, thereby reducing power consumption in standby mode.

[0042] Specifically, when the sensor unit 100 detects a change in the measurement, the internal structure of the sensor unit 100 changes, and the current flowing through the first resistor R48 increases accordingly. The potential at the output terminal of the sensor unit 100 rises with the change in current. The current at this time is selected as 3mA. By increasing the current to 3mA, the clarity of the rising edge can be improved and interference can be reduced.

[0043] When the measurement is restored, the sensor unit 100 recovers, the current flowing through the first resistor R48 decreases, the processor 300 detects the level change and triggers subsequent control logic.

[0044] In this way, by using the voltage and current limiting of the first fuse FH1 and the first diode D14, the second diode D7, and the third diode D4, the current and voltage can be limited to prevent voltage and current exceeding intrinsic safety requirements. On the other hand, by adjusting the range of current and voltage, the amount of current change is increased. The greater the amount of current change, the greater the voltage change. This makes the effective signal amplitude far away from the inherent noise floor in the circuit, thereby significantly improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the entire signal chain.

[0045] In addition, when it is necessary to monitor the valve disc changes of the breathing valve, a proximity sensor can be selected as the sensor unit 100. When the valve disc approaches the proximity sensor, the current of the sensor unit 100 changes, enabling the subsequent circuit to monitor the valve disc movement of the breathing valve.

[0046] Example 2, refer to Figure 1 and 2 This is the second embodiment of the present invention, which provides a low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the other end of the first resistor R48 is connected to pin 1 of the sensor unit 100, the other end of the sensor unit 100 is connected to pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U8A, and pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U8A is connected to ground through a second resistor R18; pin 4 of the first operational amplifier U8A is connected to ground, and pin 8 of the first operational amplifier U8A is connected to the VCC1 power supply port; pin 2 of the first operational amplifier U8A is connected to pin 1 of the first operational amplifier U8A through a third resistor R30, and pin 2 of the first operational amplifier U8A and the third resistor R30 are connected to ground through a fourth resistor R32.

[0047] The preferred first operational amplifier U8A has a gain of 4.

[0048] Compared to Embodiment 1, the output of the sensor unit 100 is further connected to pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U8A. The detection node is pulled to ground potential by the pull-down action of the second resistor R18. At this time, pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U8A remains at a low level, which is lower than the reference threshold level formed by the voltage division of the third resistor R30 and the fourth resistor R32 on pin 2. The output of pin 1 of the first operational amplifier U8A is a stable low level, which is fed back to pin 2 through the third resistor R30 to maintain the current operating point. The I / O input port of the processor 300 detects a low level.

[0049] As the current output by sensor unit 100 gradually increases, the detection level of pin 3 of the first operational amplifier U8A shifts from low to high. When the detection level rises above the reference threshold level of pin 2, the comparator inside the first operational amplifier U8A flips, and the output of pin 1 jumps from low to high. The high level is positively fed back to pin 2 through the third resistor R30, increasing the comparison threshold and forming a hysteresis window to prevent the sensor output from fluctuating near the critical point and causing output jitter. On the other hand, the high level is output to the IO input port of processor 300, enabling processor 300 to recognize the valve plate opening event and trigger subsequent control logic.

[0050] Specifically, the resistance values ​​of the third resistor R30 and the fourth resistor R32 are 120kΩ and 39kΩ, respectively. According to the gain formula of the non-inverting amplifier: Av=1+R2 / R1, after substituting the resistance values ​​of the third resistor R30 and the fourth resistor R32 into R2 and R1, we can calculate Av=4.077, which will amplify the input signal by about 4 times.

[0051] Specifically, when the sensor unit 100 uses a sensor with NAMUR output, its high and low currents are set to 0.7mA and 2.94mA, respectively. At this time, the original small voltage variation range can be extended to 3.3V through the first operational amplifier U8A, so that the ADC range of the processor 300 can be fully utilized.

[0052] This is primarily because when the sensor current is in the undefined / transition region of the NAMUR standard, the processor 300 has difficulty determining the true state of the sensor unit 100. If the signal fluctuates slightly within the transition region, the ADC may not be able to detect a clear edge, making it difficult to determine whether it is on or off. In this case, by amplifying and increasing the resolution through the first operational amplifier U8A, the minute voltage changes during current transition can be identified more precisely. This allows for setting a more accurate software threshold, and even if the signal hovers around the edge of the transition region, the signal trend can be determined through more accurate voltage sampling data, thereby reducing state misjudgments and output jitter.

[0053] Furthermore, over time, due to changes in ambient temperature or component aging, operational amplifier zero-point drift, minute changes in resistance, and the sensor's own current output characteristics can all cause small but persistent drifts. Higher resolution can precisely quantify these slow, systemic drifts. By monitoring these minute changes in software, the system can perform self-calibration or trend analysis, rather than directly misinterpreting drift as a switching event or fault, thereby extending system lifespan and improving maintenance predictability.

[0054] Finally, since the first operational amplifier U8A and the output of the sensor unit 100 are directly connected, low-noise amplification is performed before the signal enters the ADC, which can make the signal amplitude much higher than the inherent noise in the circuit, such as thermal noise. This improvement in signal-to-noise ratio makes the acquired data more reliable and stable.

[0055] This allows for maintaining sufficient resolution and calibration capabilities while consuming low power.

[0056] The remaining structure and specific level limits, overcurrent protection and hysteresis comparison logic are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0057] Example 3, referring to Figure 2This is the third embodiment of the present invention, which provides a low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that the sensor unit 100 and the signal processing unit 200 are both provided in two sets, and the output terminals of the two sets of signal processing units 200 are connected to the IO input port of the processor 300.

[0058] Compared to Embodiment 1, the high-level output from the 3.3V power supply port is further applied to the sensor unit 100 through two independent intrinsically safe protection links. For each link, the high-level power supply is sequentially sent to the input terminal of the corresponding sensor unit 100 after passing through the corresponding fuse, clamping diode network, and current-limiting resistor. When the sensor unit 100 does not detect the operation of the corresponding valve disc, the current flowing through the current-limiting resistor and the sensor unit 100 is extremely small. The output terminal of the sensor unit 100 is pulled to near ground potential through its respective pull-down resistor. The non-inverting input terminals of the first operational amplifier U8A and the second operational amplifier U8B remain at a low level, which is lower than the comparison threshold set by the voltage divider network composed of their respective feedback resistors and pull-down resistors. The outputs of the first operational amplifier U8A and the second operational amplifier U8B remain at a low level. When the output terminals are sent to the two IO input ports Signal1 and Signal2 of the processor 300, the processor 300 receives the low level. At this time, the system determines that both the pressure valve disc and the vacuum valve disc are in the closed state.

[0059] When the pressure valve disc opens under pressure, the sensor unit 100, located on one side of the pressure valve disc, senses the metal valve disc approaching. The current flowing through the current-limiting resistor increases, causing the input detection node level of the first operational amplifier U8A to gradually rise from a low level to a high level. This high level is sent to the Signal1 port of the processor 300, enabling the processor 300 to clearly identify the "pressure valve disc is open" state. Similarly, when the pressure valve disc returns to its original position and moves away from the sensor unit 100, the detection node level decreases again. When it falls below the drop-off threshold, the output of the first operational amplifier U8A flips from high to low. The Signal1 port of the processor 300 detects this level flip, thus determining that the pressure valve disc has closed again.

[0060] The same principle applies to vacuum valve discs.

[0061] Through the two completely independent but structurally identical level detection channels, this embodiment, while maintaining the same intrinsic safety limit and current / voltage clamping mechanism as Embodiment 1, maps the respective operating processes of the pressure valve disc and the vacuum valve disc to two non-interfering digital level channels on the processor 300. This enables separate monitoring and low-power real-time detection of the opening and closing states of the two valve discs, providing a clear and reliable level signal input for subsequent software programs to determine the overall working state of the breathing valve based on the combination relationship of the two high and low levels.

[0062] The remaining structure and specific level limits, overcurrent protection and hysteresis comparison logic are the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0063] Example 4, refer to Figures 3-8 This is the fourth embodiment of the present invention, providing a low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit. This embodiment differs from Embodiment 3 in that it further includes a first power supply unit 500. The first power supply unit 500 includes a first field-effect transistor Q8, the gate of which is connected to ground via a tenth resistor R40, and the drain of which is connected to the VIN and EN ports of a voltage regulator chip U6. An eleventh capacitor C7, a twelfth capacitor C8, and a thirteenth capacitor C23 are sequentially connected between the drain of the first field-effect transistor Q8 and the VIN port of the voltage regulator chip U6, and the other ends of these capacitors are all grounded. The SW pin of chip U6 is connected to the first inductor L1. One end of the first inductor L1 is sequentially connected to one end of the fourth capacitor C5, the fifth capacitor C6, the sixth capacitor C17, and the second fuse F1. The other ends of the fourth capacitor C5, the fifth capacitor C6, and the sixth capacitor C17 are grounded. The other end of the second fuse F1 is sequentially connected to one end of the tenth diode D1, the eleventh diode D5, the twelfth diode D24, and the seventh resistor R3. The other ends of the tenth diode D1, the eleventh diode D5, and the twelfth diode D24 are grounded. The other end of the seventh resistor R3 is connected to the third field-effect transistor Q9. The drain of the third field-effect transistor Q9 is connected to the signal processing unit 200.

[0064] It also includes a second power supply unit 700; the second power supply unit 700 includes a buck converter chip U3, a second field-effect transistor Q14 is disposed between the VIN port of the buck converter chip U3 and the thirteenth capacitor C23, the drain of the second field-effect transistor Q14 is connected to the VIN port of the buck converter chip U3, the gate of the second field-effect transistor Q14 is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor Q14 through the ninth resistor R22, the collector of a transistor Q15 is connected between the gate of the second field-effect transistor Q14 and the ninth resistor R22, the emitter of the transistor Q15 is connected to ground, and the base of the transistor Q15 is connected to the processor 300 through the twelfth resistor R38, and the drain of the second field-effect transistor Q14 is connected to ground through the tenth capacitor C30; The SW pin of the step-down chip U3 is connected to the third inductor L3. One end of the third inductor L3 is sequentially connected to the fourteenth capacitor C13, the fifteenth capacitor C14, the sixteenth capacitor C15, the seventeenth capacitor C16, the eighteenth capacitor C20, and one end of the third fuse F2. The other end of the fourteenth capacitor C13, the fifteenth capacitor C14, the sixteenth capacitor C15, the seventeenth capacitor C16, and the eighteenth capacitor C20 is grounded. The other end of the third fuse F2 is sequentially connected to the cathode of the fifteenth diode D12, the sixteenth diode D13, the seventeenth diode D25, and one end of the eleventh resistor R41. The other end of the fifteenth diode D12, the sixteenth diode D13, and the seventeenth diode D25 is grounded.

[0065] It also includes a processor 300, which is electrically connected to a signal processing unit 200 and a wireless communication unit 600. The processor 300's I / O output port is connected to a fifth resistor R49. One end of the fifth resistor R49 is sequentially connected to the cathodes of the fourth diode D17, the fifth diode D15, and the sixth diode D16, as well as port 1 of the optocoupler U9. The anodes of the fourth diode D17, the fifth diode D15, and the sixth diode D16, as well as port 2 of the optocoupler U9, are connected to ground. Port 4 of the optocoupler U9 is sequentially connected to the cathodes of the seventh diode D18, the eighth diode D19, and the ninth diode D20, as well as one end of the sixth resistor R47. One end of the sixth resistor R47 is connected to a pressure gauge 400. The wireless communication unit 600 includes a communication chip 601, whose I / O pins are connected to... The eighth resistor R15 is connected to one end of the second inductor L4. The other end of the second inductor L4 is connected to the seventh capacitor C22. The other end of the seventh capacitor C22 is connected to the SIG pin of the RF antenna mount 602. The two GND pins of the RF antenna mount 602 are connected to the first antenna 603. A gas discharge tube 604 is connected between the seventh capacitor C22 and the RF antenna mount 602. The other end of the gas discharge tube 604 is connected to the second antenna 605. The thirteenth diode D11, the fourteenth diode D10 and one end of the eighth capacitor C27 are sequentially connected between the seventh capacitor C22 and the second inductor L4. The ninth capacitor C28 is connected between the eighth resistor R15 and the second inductor L4. The other ends of the thirteenth diode D11, the fourteenth diode D10, the eighth capacitor C27 and the ninth capacitor C28 are all connected to ground.

[0066] Compared to Embodiment 2, a first power supply unit 500 is further provided to provide a controlled and stable power supply for the intrinsically safe detection circuit and the low-power logic unit. The first power supply unit 500 includes a first field-effect transistor Q8 and a voltage regulator chip U6. A higher external voltage is input through the drain of the first field-effect transistor Q8. When the first field-effect transistor Q8 meets the conduction condition, a high level is applied to the VIN and EN ports of the voltage regulator chip U6, and the voltage regulator chip U6 is activated. The gate of the first field-effect transistor Q8 is connected to ground through a tenth resistor R40, forming a fixed level clamp. An eleventh capacitor C7, a twelfth capacitor C8, and a thirteenth capacitor C23 are connected in parallel between the first field-effect transistor Q8 and the VIN terminal of the voltage regulator chip U6. The other ends of these three capacitors are grounded to filter the input voltage and buffer energy, reducing the impact of input ripple and surges on the voltage regulator chip. The SW pin of the voltage regulator chip U6 is connected to the output side via the first inductor L1. Together with the fourth capacitor C5, the fifth capacitor C6, and the sixth capacitor C17, the switching waveform is smoothed and filtered to generate a stable DC output. This output current is then sent to the next stage via the second fuse F1. In the intrinsically safe design, when the output circuit current abnormally increases and exceeds the rated value of the second fuse F1, the second fuse F1 blows to cut off the energy path. Following the second fuse F1, the cathodes of the tenth diode D1, the eleventh diode D5, and the twelfth diode D24, along with the seventh resistor R3, are connected in series. The anodes of the diodes are grounded, forming a multi-stage clamping network. This network is used to dissipate excess energy to ground in stages when the output voltage surges or external induced spikes occur. Simultaneously, the seventh resistor R3 limits the current flowing through the clamping path. The other end of the seventh resistor R3 is connected to the third field-effect transistor Q9, and the other end is connected to the signal processing unit 200. A 3.3V voltage can be simultaneously drawn between the seventh resistor R3 and the third field-effect transistor Q9. When the third field-effect transistor Q9 is turned on, the stable output from the voltage regulator chip U6 is sent to the signal processing unit 200 and the processor 300 via the second fuse F1, the clamping network, and the seventh resistor R3, providing them with a restricted, steady-state intrinsically safe operating power supply. When the third field-effect transistor Q9 is turned off, the power supply to the subsequent signal processing unit 200 is cut off, realizing the overall power-on and power-off control of the detection branch.

[0067] This embodiment also includes a second power supply unit 700, which provides a controllable independent power supply path for high-power modules such as the wireless communication unit 600. The second power supply unit 700 still uses the output of the voltage regulator chip U6 as the pre-stage power supply. Its output node is filtered by the thirteenth capacitor C23 and then connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor Q14. The drain of the second field-effect transistor Q14 is connected to the VIN port of the buck converter chip U3. The gate of the second field-effect transistor Q14 is connected to the source through the ninth resistor R22, so that its gate-source potential is basically the same when there is no control signal, and it is in the off state. Simultaneously, the collector of a transistor Q15 is connected between the gate of the second field-effect transistor Q14 and the ninth resistor R22. The emitter of the transistor Q15 is grounded, and its base is connected to the IO output terminal of the processor 300 through the twelfth resistor R38. When the processor 300 outputs a low level at this I / O terminal, transistor Q15 is turned off, the gate-source potential of the second field-effect transistor Q14 is the same, and the second field-effect transistor Q14 remains off. The VIN port of the buck converter chip U3 is not powered, and the corresponding high-power load, such as the wireless communication unit 600, is in a power-off state, achieving energy saving. When the processor 300 outputs a high level at this I / O terminal, the high level is applied to the base of transistor Q15 through the twelfth resistor R38, driving transistor Q15 to conduct. Transistor Q15 pulls the gate of the second field-effect transistor Q14 to ground potential, forming an effective gate-source voltage relative to the source, causing the second field-effect transistor Q14 to conduct. The high level is applied to the VIN port of the buck converter chip U3 through the drain of the second field-effect transistor Q14. At the same time, the gate receives necessary bias and turn-off protection through the ninth resistor R22. The drain of the second field-effect transistor Q14 is also grounded through the tenth capacitor C30, which decouples and filters this node, suppressing spikes and high-frequency interference generated during the switching process. As a secondary step-down chip, the step-down chip U3 connects its SW pin to the output side through the third inductor L3. Together with the fourteenth capacitor C13, fifteenth capacitor C14, sixteenth capacitor C15, seventeenth capacitor C16, eighteenth capacitor C20, and the third fuse F2, it forms a complete switching step-down output filtering and overcurrent protection network. When the step-down chip U3 is working, the LC filter circuit formed by the third inductor L3 and the capacitors smooths the pulse waveform into a stable 3.8V DC voltage output. The third fuse F2 blows in case of a short circuit or severe overload, ensuring that the power path still meets intrinsic safety requirements under abnormal conditions. After the third fuse F2, the negative terminals of the fifteenth diode D12, sixteenth diode D13, and seventeenth diode D25, along with the eleventh resistor R41, are connected in series. The diode anodes are grounded, further providing multi-stage surge clamping and reverse protection on the output side. The eleventh resistor R41 limits the discharge current under abnormal conditions. Overall, it provides a regulated, current-limiting, and overvoltage-resistant controlled power supply for the wireless communication unit 600.

[0068] Regarding output drive and isolation, the PA8 output port of processor 300 is connected to port 1 of optocoupler U9 via a series connection of the fifth resistor R49, the fourth diode D17, the fifth diode D15, and the sixth diode D16. The other end of the diodes and port 2 of optocoupler U9 are grounded. When the IO output of processor 300 is low, the current after passing through the fifth resistor R49 is insufficient to forward conduct the LED inside optocoupler U9, the output transistor of optocoupler U9 is cut off, and its port 4 is in a high-impedance state with the subsequent circuit, so pressure gauge 400 remains undriven. When the IO output of processor 300 is high, the high level is attenuated by the fifth resistor R49 and applied to the fourth diode D17, the fifth diode D15, the sixth diode D16, and the LED on the input side of optocoupler U9. The series connection of the diodes serves to limit voltage and absorb spikes, and the LED inside optocoupler U9 is forward conducted. The generated light signal drives the output phototransistor to saturate and conduct. After the 4th port of optocoupler U9 is turned on, current is supplied to pressure gauge 400 through the seventh diode D18, the eighth diode D19, the ninth diode D20 and the sixth resistor R47. After receiving the current, pressure gauge 400 works and outputs the current status. The seventh diode D18, the eighth diode D19 and the ninth diode D20 provide surge and polarity protection for this branch, while the sixth resistor R47 limits the current in the pressure gauge 400 loop. Thus, while achieving electrical isolation of the processor 300 output signal from the high-voltage side, pressure gauge 400 is safely driven.

[0069] The wireless communication unit 600 includes a communication chip 601, a first antenna 603, a second antenna 605, and a radio frequency matching and protection network that works in conjunction with them. The ANT_MAIN pin of the communication chip 601 is connected to the second inductor L4 through the eighth resistor R15. The other end of the second inductor L4 is connected to the seventh capacitor C22, the RF antenna mount 602, and the gas discharge tube 604, forming an RF matching and energy coupling path. When the communication chip 601 outputs a high-frequency RF signal, the signal is current-limited by the eighth resistor R15 and enters the second inductor L4. The second inductor L4 and the seventh capacitor C22 together form a matching network, which efficiently couples the energy to the SIG pin of the RF antenna mount 602, and then radiates it outward from the first antenna 603. The gas discharge tube 604 is connected in parallel between the seventh capacitor C22 and the second antenna 605. When an external lightning strike or strong electromagnetic interference generates a high-amplitude transient voltage at the antenna end, the gas discharge tube 604 breaks down and conducts, quickly discharging the excess energy to ground or bypassing the antenna, thereby protecting the preceding second inductor L4, the eighth resistor R15, and the communication chip 601 from overvoltage damage. The thirteenth diode D11, the fourteenth diode D10, the eighth capacitor C27, and the ninth capacitor C28 are connected in parallel across the second inductor L4 and between it and the seventh capacitor C22, respectively, to provide additional high-frequency filtering and transient suppression channels for the RF path, further improving signal quality and the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the system.

[0070] In summary, compared to Embodiment 3, this embodiment uses the first power supply unit 500 and the second power supply unit 700 to provide domain-specific power supply and on-demand power-on control for different functional modules. This allows the processor 300 to selectively turn on or off high-power wireless communication and external display modules according to the working state, achieving deep low-power operation in standby mode. At the same time, electrical isolation and voltage limiting protection between the processor 300 and the pressure gauge 400 are achieved through optocoupler U9 and multi-level diode network. Through multi-level voltage regulation, current limiting, clamping and surge protection design, the inherent safety, power supply robustness and wireless communication reliability of the entire intelligent breathing valve circuit in hazardous area application scenarios are significantly improved.

[0071] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 3.

[0072] Example 5 provides a control method for an intelligent breathing valve circuit. This example differs from the fourth example in that it includes a low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit and further includes the following steps: a) The processor 300 monitors the level changes of the pins; b) When the position A of the valve disc changes, the processor 300 detects a change in the pin level and, based on the rising and falling edges of the level, sends pressure signals "on" and "off" through the wireless communication unit 600 after different preset first delay times T1 and second delay times T2; c) Within the second delay time T2 that triggers the "off" signal, the processor continues to monitor the level changes of the pins. If the pin level flips, the subsequent signal transmission operation is interrupted; d) The real-time status is reconfirmed at the end of the second delay time T2. When the level is in a low-level state, the operation of sending the pressure signal "off" is executed; wherein, in a sleep state, the processor 300 scans the sensor unit 100 once after the first delay time T1, with each scan lasting 30ms.

[0073] The first delay time T1 is shorter than the second delay time T2; preferably, the first delay time T1 is 2s and the second delay time T2 is 10s.

[0074] In addition, it also includes: when the processor 300 detects that the level of the pin changes from low to high, it immediately starts the wireless communication unit 600 to upload the valve disc position A and the pressure gauge 400 data to the remote server; when the level remains low, it periodically starts the wireless communication unit 600 at preset hourly intervals to upload the valve disc position A to the remote server.

[0075] Compared to Example 4, the system further includes a power-on initialization process, which involves connecting to the network, calibrating the time, and uploading the initial valve disc position A. After completing this process, the device immediately enters its primary sleep mode.

[0076] 1. Deep Sleep and Intermittent Wake-up: To maximize energy savings, the device's wireless communication unit 600 is completely shut down. However, the processor 300 does not go into complete sleep; it wakes up rapidly every two seconds with extremely low power consumption and scans the potential status on the pins once, with each scan lasting 30ms, to check the position A of the valve disc acquired by the sensor unit 100.

[0077] 2. Communication Wake-up: During sleep mode, as soon as a change in valve disc position A is detected, whether it is open or closed, the system will be immediately triggered by the event, activating the wireless communication unit 600 to upload the latest valve disc position A and the current value of the pressure gauge 400 to the remote server. If valve disc position A remains unchanged, that is, the level detected by the processor 300 pin remains low, the system will wait until each hour to periodically wake up the wireless communication unit 600 to upload data as a status reference for reporting.

[0078] For ease of representation, the position of the breathing valve disc is denoted as valve disc position A, and the state of valve disc position A is output as a digital signal, where valve disc position A=1 indicates the open state, and valve disc position A=0 indicates the closed state. When the valve disc is open, a pressure signal "open" needs to be sent through the wireless communication unit 600 to indicate to the remote server that the breathing valve is open. When the valve disc is closed, a pressure signal "closed" needs to be sent to indicate to the remote server that the breathing valve is closed.

[0079] Furthermore, when the valve disc position A changes from valve disc position A=0 to valve disc position A=1, the level of the processor 300 pin flips from low to high, and after a preset first delay time T1, a pressure signal "on" is output; when the state changes from valve disc position A=1 to valve disc position A=0, after a preset second delay time T2, a pressure signal "off" is output; during the second delay time T2, a signal suppression step is performed: if the valve disc position A changes, the transmission of the pressure signal "off" triggered this time is canceled, and any output of the pressure signal "on" generated by the change from valve disc position A=0 to valve disc position A=1 during the period is suppressed; at the end of the second delay time T2, a final state verification step is performed: the valve disc position A detected by the sensor unit 100 is scanned; if the valve disc position A=1, that is, the level on the pin is high, the output of the pressure signal "off" is prevented; if the valve disc position A=0, that is, the level on the pin is still low, the output of the pressure signal "off" is sent.

[0080] Unlike the real-time uploading of the wireless communication unit 600 used in traditional methods, in order to filter out the situation where the valve disc is frequently opened and closed during use, resulting in repeated signal transmission and energy waste, the system adopts the above strategy and sets different waiting periods for the opening and closing actions. The following is a detailed description in conjunction with the timing table in Table 1.

[0081] Table 1. Correspondence between signal events and pressure signals within a certain time period.

[0082]

[0083] As shown in Table 1 above, when the valve disc is at position A=1, the pressure signal will be output with a short delay, specifically a first delay time T1=2s, before an "open" signal is generated. This "open" signal is unaffected by the "closed" signal, indicating that the system has confirmed the opening action. When the valve disc is closed, i.e., at position A=0, the pressure signal will be output with a second delay time T2=10s before a "closed" signal is generated. This mechanism aims to prevent the recording of invalid switching events during rapid back-and-forth movements of the valve disc, thus avoiding energy waste.

[0084] Reference Figure 9 The above is a timing diagram generated from Table 1, where: green represents the valve disc position A=1, red represents the valve disc position A=0, and yellow represents the pressure signal being issued.

[0085] Any opening during the closing period will negate the transmission of the closing signal: If a closing action has triggered a 10-second delay (i.e., the signal is waiting to be sent), but the valve disc opens again during the waiting period, and the valve disc position A=1, then the closing signal in this delay will be immediately canceled. At the same time, the pressure signal corresponding to this opening action will also be suppressed and not output.

[0086] For example, if the valve plate closes at 24 seconds but opens at 28 seconds, the system will cancel the 34-second closing signal and will not send the 30-second opening signal.

[0087] Even if the signal is not canceled by the opening action during the delay period, the system will still perform a final verification at the last moment of the 10-second delay. When the 10-second delay expires and the system is ready to output the "off" signal, it will scan the position A of the valve disc again. Only when the position A of the valve disc is indeed in the closed state, that is, when the position A of the valve disc is 0, will the system release the "off" signal.

[0088] For example: If the valve closes at 48s and the signal is ready to be output at 58s, and the valve opens at 58s, then the valve position A=1. If the valve position A=1 is found during the verification at 58s, the system will prevent the transmission of this "close" signal to ensure that the "close" of the pressure signal is a stable state that has been double or even multiple times confirmed. For example, if the valve closes at 70s and the signal is ready to be output at 80s, and the valve does not change at 80s, the system will send this "close" signal.

[0089] The aforementioned detection mechanism significantly improves the accuracy of start-up and shutdown event recording, thereby enabling precise emission monitoring and predictive maintenance. This also reduces the number of signal transmissions by the wireless communication unit 600, compared to the common method of transmitting signals upon triggering. Figure 10 , Figure 9 The number of transmissions displayed was reduced by half, which reduced the number of times the most power-consuming wireless communication unit 600 was activated, thereby improving the overall battery life. Furthermore, there were no obvious deficiencies in event detection, ensuring the accuracy of the recording.

[0090] In addition, if the pressure valve disc of the breather valve is stuck in the closed position during the initial filling stage of the storage tank, the gas inside the tank cannot be effectively discharged. The pressure will accumulate rapidly with continuous filling, directly endangering the structural integrity of the storage tank and posing a significant risk of "tank expansion".

[0091] In this scenario, even if the control system of the breather valve circuit itself fails due to mechanical malfunction, the pressure gauge 400 installed inside the tank continuously collects real-time pressure data and, according to a preset hourly upload mechanism, forcibly sends the current tank pressure value to the remote server. The remote server verifies whether the received pressure data exceeds a preset safety threshold. Once it is confirmed that the pressure value has exceeded the emergency shutdown threshold, the remote server issues a forced shutdown command to the filling pump control system. This provides a safety redundancy, thereby eliminating the risk of overpressure "tank expansion" caused by mechanical failure of the breather valve.

[0092] During the discharge or unloading phase of the storage tank, the safety mechanism of the intelligent breather valve control system focuses on addressing potential negative pressure (vacuum) risks, which is crucial to preventing the storage tank from collapsing. When the medium inside the tank is extracted, if the vacuum valve disc is mechanically jammed and cannot open as needed, the pressure inside the tank will drop sharply below the lower limit of the tank's design pressure, creating a dangerous negative pressure.

[0093] Because the pressure gauge 400 installed inside the tank continuously collects real-time pressure data and uploads it hourly according to a preset mechanism, the current tank pressure value is forcibly sent to the remote server. This allows the remote server to monitor whether the pressure continues to drop and exceeds the preset negative pressure safety threshold. When the vacuum valve disc jams, the system will observe the pressure rapidly dropping to a negative value. However, at this time, the remote server will always record the valve disc position A=0. Once it is confirmed that the negative pressure inside the tank has reached the emergency shutdown threshold, the remote server will immediately perform safety intervention, sending a forced shutdown or shutdown command to the discharge pump, effectively preventing the storage tank from collapsing due to external atmospheric pressure and causing a "collapsed tank" accident.

[0094] On the other hand, if the pressure or vacuum valve disc of the breather valve is stuck in the open position, although the storage tank will not immediately face the risk of overpressure, it will face the risk of continuous media leakage or external contaminant intrusion. In this scenario, the control logic of the intelligent circuit continues to operate. However, due to the stuck valve disc, after issuing the "open" signal, the remote server will always record the valve disc position A=1. If the remote server does not receive the "close" signal for an extended period, and this continues beyond the preset tolerance time, the system will immediately determine that the valve disc is stuck and generate and push an early warning. This data-driven early warning mechanism compresses the time window from the occurrence of a fault to manual intervention, providing the maintenance team with sufficient reaction and preparation time to arrive at the scene in time before the risk evolves into a safety accident, thereby further improving the overall safety of the storage tank operation.

[0095] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 4.

[0096] It is important to note that the constructions and arrangements of this application shown in several different exemplary embodiments are merely illustrative. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, those who consult this disclosure will readily understand that many modifications are possible (e.g., changes in the size, dimensions, structure, shape, and proportions of various elements, as well as parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangements, use of materials, color, orientation, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application). For example, an element shown as integrally formed may be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be inverted or otherwise altered, and the nature or number or position of discrete elements may be changed or altered. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be changed or rearranged according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure described herein that performs the function, and not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent in structure. Other substitutions, modifications, alterations, and omissions may be made in the design, operation, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, but extends to various modifications that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0097] Furthermore, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, not all features of actual embodiments (i.e., those features that are not relevant to the best mode of carrying out the invention as currently considered, or those features that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may be omitted.

[0098] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit, characterized in that: include, A sensor unit (100) is provided, and a signal processing unit (200) is connected to one side of the sensor unit (100). The signal processing unit (200) includes a first fuse (FH1), one end of which is sequentially connected to the cathodes of a first diode (D14), a second diode (D7), and a third diode (D4) and a first resistor (R48), and the anodes of the first diode (D14), the second diode (D7), and the third diode (D4) are connected to ground. The output current range of the sensor unit (100) is between 0.5mA and 3mA; The other end of the first resistor (R48) is connected to pin 1 of the sensor unit (100), the other end of the sensor unit (100) is connected to pin 3 of the first operational amplifier (U8A), and pin 3 of the first operational amplifier (U8A) is connected to ground through the second resistor (R18). Pin 4 of the first operational amplifier (U8A) is connected to ground, and pin 8 of the first operational amplifier (U8A) is connected to the VCC1 power supply port. Pin 2 of the first operational amplifier (U8A) is connected to pin 1 of the first operational amplifier (U8A) through a third resistor (R30), and pin 2 of the first operational amplifier (U8A) and the third resistor (R30) are connected to ground through a fourth resistor (R32). Both the sensor unit (100) and the signal processing unit (200) are provided in two sets, and the output terminals of both sets of signal processing units (200) are connected to the IO input port of the processor (300); It also includes a first power supply unit (500); the first power supply unit (500) includes a first field-effect transistor (Q8), the drain of the first field-effect transistor (Q8) is connected to the VIN port and EN port of the voltage regulator chip (U6), the SW pin of the voltage regulator chip (U6) is connected to a first inductor (L1), one end of the first inductor (L1) is sequentially connected to a fourth capacitor (C5), a fifth capacitor (C6), a sixth capacitor (C17) and one end of a second fuse (F1), and the other end of the second fuse (F1) is sequentially connected to a tenth diode (D1), an eleventh diode (D5), a twelfth diode (D24) and one end of a seventh resistor (R3); It also includes a second power supply unit (700); the second power supply unit (700) includes a step-down chip (U3), a second field-effect transistor (Q14) is disposed between the VIN port of the step-down chip (U3) and the thirteenth capacitor (C23), the drain of the second field-effect transistor (Q14) is connected to the VIN port of the step-down chip (U3), the gate of the second field-effect transistor (Q14) is connected to the source of the second field-effect transistor (Q14) through the ninth resistor (R22), the collector of a transistor (Q15) is connected between the gate of the second field-effect transistor (Q14) and the ninth resistor (R22), the emitter of the transistor (Q15) is connected to ground, and the base of the transistor (Q15) is connected to the processor (300) through the twelfth resistor (R38). The processor (300) is electrically connected to the signal processing unit (200) and the wireless communication unit (600); When the first field-effect transistor (Q8) meets the conduction condition, a high level is applied to the VIN and EN ports of the voltage regulator chip (U6), and the voltage regulator chip (U6) is started to work. When the third field-effect transistor (Q9) is turned on, the stable output from the voltage regulator chip (U6) is sent to the signal processing unit (200) and the processor (300) through the second fuse (F1), the clamping network and the seventh resistor (R3) to provide them with a restricted, steady-state intrinsically safe operating power supply. When the third field-effect transistor (Q9) is turned on, the stable output from the voltage regulator chip (U6) is sent to the signal processing unit (200) and the processor (300) through the second fuse (F1), the clamping network and the seventh resistor (R3), providing them with a restricted, steady-state intrinsically safe operating power supply; When the processor (300) outputs a high level at this IO terminal, the high level is applied to the base of the transistor (Q15) through the twelfth resistor (R38), driving the transistor (Q15) to conduct. The transistor (Q15) pulls the gate of the second field-effect transistor (Q14) to ground potential, forming an effective gate-source voltage relative to the source, causing the second field-effect transistor (Q14) to conduct. The high level is applied to the VIN port of the buck converter chip (U3) through the drain of the second field-effect transistor (Q14). When the buck converter chip (U3) is working, the LC filter circuit formed by the third inductor (L3) and each capacitor smooths the pulse waveform into a stable 3.8V DC voltage output.

2. The low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first operational amplifier (U8A) has a gain of 4.

3. The low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gate of the first field-effect transistor (Q8) is connected to ground through the tenth resistor (R40); The drain of the first field-effect transistor (Q8) and the VIN port of the voltage regulator chip (U6) are connected in sequence to the eleventh capacitor (C7), the twelfth capacitor (C8), and the thirteenth capacitor (C23), and the other end of the eleventh capacitor (C7), the twelfth capacitor (C8), and the thirteenth capacitor (C23) are all grounded. The other ends of the fourth capacitor (C5), the fifth capacitor (C6), and the sixth capacitor (C17) are grounded, and the other ends of the tenth diode (D1), the eleventh diode (D5), and the twelfth diode (D24) are grounded. The other end of the seventh resistor (R3) is connected to the third field-effect transistor (Q9), and the drain of the third field-effect transistor (Q9) is connected to the signal processing unit (200).

4. The low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drain of the second field-effect transistor (Q14) is connected to ground through the tenth capacitor (C30); The SW pin of the step-down chip (U3) is connected to the third inductor (L3). One end of the third inductor (L3) is sequentially connected to one end of the fourteenth capacitor (C13), the fifteenth capacitor (C14), the sixteenth capacitor (C15), the seventeenth capacitor (C16), the eighteenth capacitor (C20), and the third fuse (F2). The other end of the fourteenth capacitor (C13), the fifteenth capacitor (C14), the sixteenth capacitor (C15), the seventeenth capacitor (C16), and the eighteenth capacitor (C20) is grounded. The other end of the third fuse (F2) is sequentially connected to the negative terminal of the fifteenth diode (D12), the sixteenth diode (D13), the seventeenth diode (D25), and one end of the eleventh resistor (R41). The other end of the fifteenth diode (D12), the sixteenth diode (D13), and the seventeenth diode (D25) is grounded.

5. The low-power intelligent breathing valve circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes that the IO output port of the processor (300) is connected to a fifth resistor (R49), one end of the fifth resistor (R49) is sequentially connected to the negative terminals of the fourth diode (D17), the fifth diode (D15), the sixth diode (D16) and the first port of the optocoupler (U9), and the positive terminals of the fourth diode (D17), the fifth diode (D15), the sixth diode (D16) and the second port of the optocoupler (U9) are connected to ground; The fourth port of the optocoupler (U9) is sequentially connected to the cathodes of the seventh diode (D18), the eighth diode (D19), the ninth diode (D20), and one end of the sixth resistor (R47), one end of which is connected to a pressure gauge (400). The wireless communication unit (600) includes a communication chip (601). The IO pin of the communication chip (601) is connected to one end of the second inductor (L4) through an eighth resistor (R15). The other end of the second inductor (L4) is connected to a seventh capacitor (C22). The other end of the seventh capacitor (C22) is connected to the SIG pin of the radio frequency antenna mount (602). The two GND pins of the radio frequency antenna mount (602) are connected to the first antenna (603). A gas discharge tube (604) is connected between the seventh capacitor (C22) and the radio frequency antenna mount (602). The other end of the gas discharge tube (604) is connected to the second antenna (605). The seventh capacitor (C22) and the second inductor (L4) are connected sequentially to one end of the thirteenth diode (D11), the fourteenth diode (D10), and the eighth capacitor (C27). The eighth resistor (R15) and the second inductor (L4) are connected to the ninth capacitor (C28). The other ends of the thirteenth diode (D11), the fourteenth diode (D10), the eighth capacitor (C27), and the ninth capacitor (C28) are all connected to ground.

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