A power generation and injection locking synthesis system and regulation method

Abstract

A power generation and injection lock-in combining system and adjustment method are disclosed, belonging to the field of radio frequency and microwave power technology. The power generation and injection lock-in combining system includes an external signal source, N power units, a power combining network, and a dynamic adjustment module. The external signal source is connected to the output terminals of the N power units, providing a unified reference signal and injecting the reference signal into each power unit. The power combining network is connected to the output terminals of the N power units, superimposing the output signals of the N power units into a single signal. One part of this signal is used as a high-power output, and the other part is sent to the dynamic adjustment module through a directional coupler. The dynamic adjustment module performs real-time detection of the output of the power combining network through the directional coupler and the outputs of the N power units through the directional coupler, and adjusts the power and phase of each power unit according to the real-time detected power and phase to ensure that the power and phase of each power unit are consistent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of radio frequency and microwave power technology, specifically relating to a power generation and injection locking synthesis system and adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] In radio frequency and microwave power systems, high-power output is often achieved through the parallel operation and combining of multiple power units. Existing technologies typically employ power combining networks to superimpose multiple signals. However, due to potential phase and frequency deviations among the power units, traditional combining methods often rely on external phase-locked loops (PLLs), digitally controlled oscillators (DDS), or manual adjustment of circuit parameters to maintain phase consistency. This not only leads to complex system structures and cumbersome adjustment procedures, but also, in high-power scenarios, phase drift between branches can easily cause reduced combining efficiency and output instability.

[0003] Injection locking, a common frequency stabilization and phase adjustment technique, has been widely applied to the frequency and phase adjustment of single-channel oscillators. However, there are few public disclosures on introducing injection locking mechanisms into multi-channel power combining systems, and existing technologies struggle to achieve automatic phase synchronization of multiple power sources through simplified methods. Furthermore, traditional solutions often rely on fixed parameter designs, lacking dynamic adjustment mechanisms when operating conditions or load conditions change, thus limiting system stability and combining efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new power generation and multiplexing method that can achieve automatic synchronization of multiple power units through injection locking while ensuring system simplification, and improve output power and combining efficiency by combining with a dynamic adjustment mechanism of circuit parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by proposing a power generation and injection locking synthesis system and adjustment method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A power generation and injection locking synthesis system includes an external signal source, N power units, a power synthesis network, and a dynamic adjustment module;

[0008] The external signal source is connected to the output terminals of N power units to provide a unified reference signal and inject the reference signal into each power unit.

[0009] There are N power units, each of which is a self-biased self-resonant circuit;

[0010] The power combining network is connected to the output terminals of N power units, and the output signals of the N power units are superimposed into one signal. One part is used as high power output, and the other part is sent to the dynamic adjustment module through a directional coupler.

[0011] The dynamic adjustment module performs real-time detection on the output of the power combining network through the directional coupler and the output of the N power units through the directional coupler. Based on the real-time detected power and phase, it adjusts the power and phase of each power unit to keep the power and phase of each power unit consistent.

[0012] Furthermore, the power unit is a self-biased self-resonant circuit, including a power device PA, a voltage divider module, a source AC grounding capacitor C8, an input capacitor C1, an output capacitor C4, a first drain bypass capacitor C5, a choke inductor L1, a first microstrip line TL1, a second microstrip line TL2, a third microstrip line TL3, a fourth microstrip line TL4, a fifth microstrip line TL5, a sixth microstrip line TL6, a second drain bypass capacitor C6, a coupling capacitor C7, an output terminal Pout, a ground terminal GND, and a power supply Vd, wherein the voltage divider module is a source DC voltage divider resistor R1;

[0013] The source S of the power device PA is connected to the voltage divider module R1. The drain D is connected to the power supply Vd through the second microstrip line TL2 and the choke inductor L1. The drain D is also connected to the output terminal Pout through the second microstrip line TL2, the output capacitor C4, and the fifth microstrip line TL5. The gate G is connected to the ground GND through the first microstrip line TL1 and the sixth microstrip line TL6. The gate G is also connected to the ground GND through the first microstrip line TL1, the input capacitor C1, the third microstrip line TL3, the coupling capacitor C7, and the fourth microstrip line TL4. The choke inductor L1 is also connected to the ground through the first drain bypass capacitor C5 and the second drain bypass capacitor C6. The source AC grounding capacitor C8 is connected in parallel with the voltage divider module, with one end connected to the source S of the power device PA and the other end grounded.

[0014] In this power unit, the source S of the power device PA is connected to the voltage divider module R1, and the internal resistance R of the power device PA is... ds And the voltage divider module R1 to the drain voltage V d Voltage division is performed, and the voltage across R1 is used as the source voltage V. S Because the gate of the power device PA is grounded (V G When the voltage is 0V, a negative voltage difference is formed between the gate and the source, providing a voltage V to the source of the power device PA. Gs =V G -V S =-V S To achieve self-biasing;

[0015] The fourth microstrip line TL4, coupling capacitor C7, third microstrip line TL3, input capacitor C1, first microstrip line TL1, and sixth microstrip line TL6 form a feedback resonant network. Under the condition of no external periodic excitation signal, due to its own feedback mechanism, it converts the DC energy of the drain current into a radio frequency signal of a specific frequency, and obtains a stable radio frequency signal output.

[0016] The first microstrip line TL1 and the sixth microstrip line TL6 are connected to ground GND. By adjusting the lengths of the first microstrip line TL1 and the sixth microstrip line TL6, the input impedance matching of the power amplifier circuit is achieved. The second microstrip line TL2, the output capacitor C4, and the fifth microstrip line TL5 are connected to the output terminal. By adjusting the lengths of the second and fifth microstrip lines and the capacitance value of the output capacitor, the output impedance matching of the power amplifier circuit is achieved.

[0017] The first drain bypass capacitor C5 is connected between the choke inductor L1 and the ground terminal, and the second drain bypass capacitor C6 is connected between the choke inductor L1 and the ground terminal. By adjusting the capacitance values ​​of the first drain bypass capacitor C5 and the second drain bypass capacitor C6, the capacitor with the larger capacitance value is moved away from the second microstrip line TL2, and the capacitor with the smaller capacitance value is moved closer to the second microstrip line TL2. By minimizing the loop area of ​​the high-frequency signal generated by the power device PA itself, the influence of parasitic inductance in the power unit is minimized, thereby achieving high-frequency decoupling.

[0018] Furthermore, the dynamic adjustment module adjusts the power and phase of each power unit as follows:

[0019] a. Power regulation:

[0020] By adjusting the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 in the power unit, the source voltage Vs is changed, which in turn changes the voltage Vgs between the gate and the source, thus adjusting the output power of the power unit to keep it consistent with the power units in other branches.

[0021] Specifically, when the output power of a certain power unit is detected to be less than the target value of the power unit, or when the output power of the power combining network through the directional coupler is less than the target value of the combined power, the resistance value of the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 is reduced to increase the output power.

[0022] When the output power of a certain power unit is detected to be greater than the target value of the power unit, or the output power of the power combining network through the directional coupler is greater than the target value of the combined power, the resistance value of the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 is increased to reduce the output power.

[0023] b. Phase adjustment:

[0024] A varactor diode is connected in parallel on the third microstrip line TL3 in the feedback resonant network of the power unit. By changing the capacitance value of the varactor diode, the electrical length of the microstrip line is effectively changed, thereby adjusting the phase of the output signal of the power unit.

[0025] Specifically, when the output phase of a certain power unit is detected to lag behind the reference phase, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is reduced; when the output phase of a certain power unit is detected to lead the reference phase, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is increased.

[0026] Among them, the target value of the power unit and the target value of the combined power are preset values; the reference phase can be set to the phase of a certain branch, or an external signal source can be connected as a reference.

[0027] Furthermore, the output terminals of the N power units serve as injection-lock interfaces connected to an external signal source Ref. The external signal source provides a reference signal to adjust the frequency and phase of the output signals of each power unit, synchronizing them with the frequency and phase of the reference signal. Specifically, the injection-lock interfaces of the N power units introduce the same external reference signal (external signal source). This reference signal generates an additional current component within the power unit, altering the equivalent phase condition of the feedback resonant network. When the frequency of the injected signal approaches the output signal frequency of the power unit, this effect corrects the frequency and phase of the power unit's output signal in each cycle, gradually drawing it under the influence of the reference signal and ultimately locking it to the same frequency and phase.

[0028] Furthermore, directional couplers are connected to the output of each power unit and the output of the synthesized network to couple out a small portion of the power signal and send it to the dynamic adjustment module. The dynamic adjustment module detects the power and phase in real time and adjusts the power and phase of each power unit to keep them consistent. Power monitoring is performed by a detector in the dynamic adjustment module, and phase monitoring is performed by a phase detector in the dynamic adjustment module.

[0029] A method for regulating a power generation and injection-locked synthesis system includes:

[0030] (1) Determine the resistance value of the voltage divider module R1 according to the gate-source negative bias voltage required when the power unit is working, so as to provide an accurate self-biasing voltage to the power device and realize self-biasing;

[0031] Without external periodic excitation signals, the DC energy of the drain current is converted into a radio frequency signal of a specific frequency due to its own feedback mechanism. Part of this radio frequency signal is coupled through the second microstrip line TL2 and the fourth microstrip line TL4 and used as an input signal. It is input to the feedback resonant network composed of the fourth microstrip line TL4, coupling capacitor C7, third microstrip line TL3, input capacitor C1, first microstrip line TL1, and sixth microstrip line TL6 as the input of the power device PA. The other part of the radio frequency signal is output through the second microstrip line TL2, output capacitor C4, and fifth microstrip line TL5. The signal entering the feedback resonant network is amplified by the power device PA and coupled again through the second microstrip line TL2 and the fourth microstrip line TL4 as the input of the power device PA, forming positive feedback and realizing stable signal output.

[0032] (2) The output of each power unit is connected to an external signal source as an injection lock interface. The external signal source provides a reference signal to adjust the frequency and phase of the output signal of each power unit so that it is synchronized with the frequency and phase of the reference signal.

[0033] (3) The output terminals of each power unit are converged to the input port of the power combining network, and the output signals of each power unit are superimposed into one signal in the power combining network;

[0034] (4) A directional coupler is connected to the output of each power unit and the output of the synthesis network to couple out a small part of the power signal and send it to the dynamic adjustment module. The dynamic adjustment module detects the power and phase in real time and adjusts the power and phase of each power unit to keep the power and phase of each power unit consistent.

[0035] Furthermore, the external reference signal from the external signal source is injected into each power unit through a circulator. When the difference between the frequency of the external reference signal and the frequency of the current power unit's output signal is less than the locking range, the frequency of the current power unit's output signal is forcibly synchronized to the frequency of the external reference signal.

[0036] Specifically, assuming the locked range ,in, Let be the theoretical self-resonant frequency of the power unit, and Q be the theoretical quality factor of the power unit. The power of the external reference signal, This represents the theoretical output power of the power unit; when the frequency of the injected external reference signal... With the output signal frequency of the power unit satisfy When the output signal frequency of the power unit is stable at the target frequency and the power fluctuation of the output signal is within ±0.2dB, the injection lock is considered successful.

[0037] Specifically, the output signal frequency of the power unit being stable at the target frequency means that the frequency deviation between the real-time detected output signal frequency and the preset target frequency is less than a specified value, such as < 1 Hz or a specified value set according to the system accuracy.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0039] 1. In a power generation and injection-locked synthesis system provided by the present invention, a single power unit is a self-biased self-resonant circuit. The source of the power device is connected to a voltage divider module. The internal resistance of the power device and the voltage divider module divide the drain voltage. The voltage obtained across the voltage divider module is used as the source voltage. Since the gate of the power device is grounded, a negative voltage difference is formed between the gate and the source, providing voltage to the source of the power device and realizing self-biasing. High power signals can be generated without external driving.

[0040] 2. This invention provides a power generation and injection-locked synthesis system, in which multiple power units serve as injection-locked interfaces. An external signal source provides a reference signal to adjust the frequency and phase of the output signal of each power unit, synchronizing it with the frequency and phase of the reference signal. This injection-locking ensures that the injected signal is efficiently coupled into the feedback resonant network of the power unit, avoiding reflection. Simultaneously, it significantly improves the frequency stability and phase noise performance of the output signal of a single power unit, enabling each power unit to automatically synchronize its output frequency and phase without the need for an external phase-locked loop or pre-stage drive, thus avoiding power loss caused by phase drift in traditional multi-channel synthesis.

[0041] 3. The present invention provides a power generation and injection locking synthesis system, which uses a dynamic adjustment module to detect in real time the output of the power synthesis network through the directional coupler and the output of N power units through the directional coupler, and adjusts the power and phase of each power unit according to the real-time detected power and phase to keep the power and phase of each power unit consistent. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a power generation and injection-locked synthesis system provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single power unit in a power generation and injection locking synthesis system provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a single-channel injection locking circuit in a power generation and injection locking synthesis system provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4The present invention provides a flowchart of an adjustment method for a power generation and injection locking synthesis system. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] Figure 1 The present invention provides a schematic diagram of a power generation and injection locking synthesis system, which includes an external signal source (Ref), N power units, a power synthesis network (COMB), and a dynamic adjustment module (CTRL).

[0048] The external signal source (Ref) is connected to the output terminals of N power units, providing a unified reference signal and injecting the reference signal into each power unit.

[0049] N power units (PA1…PAN), each power unit is a self-biased self-resonant circuit that can generate high-power signals without external driving;

[0050] The multiple input terminals of the power combining network (COMB) are connected to the output terminals of N power units respectively, and the output signals of the N power units are superimposed into a high-power signal. Part of the signal is used as a high-power output, and the other part is sent to the dynamic adjustment module through a directional coupler.

[0051] The Dynamic Adjustment Module (CTRL) performs real-time detection of the output of the power combining network through the directional coupler and the output of the N power units through the directional coupler. Based on the real-time detected power and phase, it adjusts the power and phase of each power unit to keep the power and phase of each power unit consistent.

[0052] Furthermore, the process by which the dynamic adjustment module adjusts the power and phase of each power unit is as follows:

[0053] a. Power regulation:

[0054] By adjusting the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 in the power unit, the source voltage Vs is changed, which in turn changes the voltage Vgs between the gate and the source, thus adjusting the output power of the power unit to keep it consistent with the power units in other branches.

[0055] Specifically, when the output power of a certain power unit is detected to be less than the target value of the power unit, or when the output power of the power combining network through the directional coupler is less than the target value of the combined power, the resistance value of the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 is reduced to increase the output power.

[0056] When the output power of a certain power unit is detected to be greater than the target value of the power unit, or the output power of the power combining network through the directional coupler is greater than the target value of the combined power, the resistance value of the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 is increased to reduce the output power.

[0057] b. Phase adjustment:

[0058] A varactor diode is connected in parallel on the third microstrip line TL3 in the feedback resonant network of the power unit. By changing the capacitance value of the varactor diode, the electrical length of the microstrip line is effectively changed, thereby adjusting the phase of the output signal of the power unit.

[0059] Specifically, when the output phase of a certain power unit is detected to lag behind the reference phase, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is reduced; when the output phase of a certain power unit is detected to lead the reference phase, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is increased.

[0060] Among them, the target value of the power unit and the target value of the combined power are preset values; the reference phase can be set to the phase of a certain branch, or an external signal source can be connected as a reference.

[0061] Furthermore, the output terminals of the N power units serve as injection-lock interfaces connected to an external signal source Ref. The external signal source provides a reference signal to adjust the frequency and phase of the output signals of each power unit, synchronizing them with the frequency and phase of the reference signal. Specifically, the injection-lock interfaces of the N power units introduce the same external reference signal (external signal source). This reference signal generates an additional current component within the power unit, altering the equivalent phase condition of the feedback resonant network. When the frequency of the injected signal approaches the output signal frequency of the power unit, this effect corrects the frequency and phase of the power unit's output signal in each cycle, gradually drawing it under the influence of the reference signal and ultimately locking it to the same frequency and phase.

[0062] Furthermore, the output ports of the N power units are converged to the input port of the power combining network. After the N signals are combined in the power combining network, the power signal is output from the output port of the power combining network.

[0063] Furthermore, directional couplers are connected to the output of each power unit and the output of the synthesizing network to couple out a small portion of the power signal and send it to the dynamic adjustment module. The dynamic adjustment module detects the power and phase in real time and adjusts the power and phase of each power unit to ensure that the power and phase of each power unit are consistent. Power monitoring is performed by a detector in the dynamic adjustment module, and phase monitoring is performed by a phase detector in the same module.

[0064] Figure 2This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-channel power unit in a power generation and injection locking synthesis system. The power unit includes a power device PA, a voltage divider module, a source AC grounding capacitor C8, an input capacitor C1, an output capacitor C4, a first drain bypass capacitor C5, a choke inductor L1, a first microstrip line TL1, a second microstrip line TL2, a third microstrip line TL3, a fourth microstrip line TL4, a fifth microstrip line TL5, a sixth microstrip line TL6, a second drain bypass capacitor C6, a coupling capacitor C7, an output terminal Pout, a ground terminal GND, and a power supply Vd. The voltage divider module is a source DC voltage divider resistor R1.

[0065] The source S of the power device PA is connected to the voltage divider module R1. The drain D is connected to the power supply Vd through the second microstrip line TL2 and the choke inductor L1. The drain D is also connected to the output terminal Pout through the second microstrip line TL2, the output capacitor C4, and the fifth microstrip line TL5. The gate G is connected to the ground GND through the first microstrip line TL1 and the sixth microstrip line TL6. The gate G is also connected to the ground GND through the first microstrip line TL1, the input capacitor C1, the third microstrip line TL3, the coupling capacitor C7, and the fourth microstrip line TL4. The choke inductor L1 is also connected to the ground through the first drain bypass capacitor C5 and the second drain bypass capacitor C6. The source AC grounding capacitor C8 is connected in parallel with the voltage divider module, with one end connected to the source S of the power device PA and the other end grounded.

[0066] In this power unit, the source S of the power device PA is connected to the voltage divider module R1, and the internal resistance R of the power device PA is... ds And the voltage divider module R1 to the drain voltage V d Voltage division is performed, and the voltage across R1 is used as the source voltage V. S Because the gate of the power device PA is grounded (V G When the voltage is 0V, a negative voltage difference is formed between the gate and the source, providing a voltage V to the source of the power device PA. Gs =V G -V S =-V S To achieve self-biasing;

[0067] The fourth microstrip line TL4, coupling capacitor C7, third microstrip line TL3, input capacitor C1, first microstrip line TL1, and sixth microstrip line TL6 form a feedback resonant network. Under the condition of no external periodic excitation signal, due to its own feedback mechanism, it converts the DC energy of the drain current into a radio frequency signal of a specific frequency, and obtains a stable radio frequency signal output.

[0068] The first microstrip line TL1 and the sixth microstrip line TL6 are connected to ground GND. By adjusting the lengths of the first microstrip line TL1 and the sixth microstrip line TL6, the input impedance matching of the power amplifier circuit is achieved. The second microstrip line TL2, the output capacitor C4, and the fifth microstrip line TL5 are connected to the output terminal. By adjusting the lengths of the second and fifth microstrip lines and the capacitance value of the output capacitor, the output impedance matching of the power amplifier circuit is achieved.

[0069] The first drain bypass capacitor C5 is connected between the choke inductor L1 and the ground terminal, and the second drain bypass capacitor C6 is connected between the choke inductor L1 and the ground terminal. By adjusting the capacitance values ​​of the first drain bypass capacitor C5 and the second drain bypass capacitor C6, the capacitor with the larger capacitance value is moved away from the second microstrip line TL2, and the capacitor with the smaller capacitance value is moved closer to the second microstrip line TL2. By minimizing the loop area of ​​the high-frequency signal generated by the power device PA itself, the influence of parasitic inductance in the power unit is minimized, thereby achieving high-frequency decoupling.

[0070] Furthermore, by adjusting the lengths of the third microstrip line TL3 and the fourth microstrip line TL4, as well as the capacitance of the coupling capacitor C7, the frequency of the output signal of the power unit can be controlled.

[0071] Furthermore, the resistance value of the voltage divider module R1 is determined based on the negative gate-source bias voltage required for the power unit to operate, so as to provide an accurate self-bias voltage to the power device. R1 = -Ugs / Ids, where Ids is the drain static operating current of the amplifier circuit, and Ugs is the gate operating voltage corresponding to the drain static operating current of the power amplifier circuit being Ids under non-self-biased circuit conditions. Since the die material is a GaN transistor or a GaAs transistor normally open MOSFET, Ugs needs to be negative to turn it off and make it operate in the amplification region.

[0072] Furthermore, the fourth microstrip line TL4, coupling capacitor C7, third microstrip line TL3, input capacitor C1, first microstrip line TL1, and sixth microstrip line TL6 form a feedback resonant network. Without an external periodic excitation signal, due to its own feedback mechanism, the DC energy of the drain current is converted into a radio frequency (RF) signal of a specific frequency. Part of this RF signal, after being coupled between the second microstrip line TL2 and the fourth microstrip line TL4, serves as the input signal to the feedback resonant network formed by the fourth microstrip line TL4, coupling capacitor C7, third microstrip line TL3, input capacitor C1, first microstrip line TL1, and sixth microstrip line TL6, acting as the input to the power device PA. The other part of the RF signal is output through the second microstrip line TL2, output capacitor C4, and fifth microstrip line TL5. Specifically, the signal entering the feedback resonant network is amplified by the power device PA and then coupled again between the second microstrip line TL2 and the fourth microstrip line TL4 as the input to the power device PA, forming positive feedback and achieving stable signal output.

[0073] Figure 3 This invention provides a schematic diagram of a single-channel injection locking circuit in a power generation and injection locking synthesis system. The single-channel injection locking circuit includes an external signal source Ref, a single power unit PA, and a power synthesis network COMB. The signal injection from the external signal source Ref and the output path of the power unit to the power synthesis network are isolated by a circulator. As a non-reciprocal three-port device, the circulator allows signals to flow from one port to the next in a specific order, either clockwise or counterclockwise. Figure 3 The signal flow of the circulator in the illustrated embodiment can be a path from the first end to the second end, or a path from the third end to the first end. Specifically, the first end of the circulator is connected to the output end Pout of the power unit, the second end transmits the signal output from the output end Pout to the power combining network, and the third end receives the injection signal from the external signal source Ref and injects it back into the power unit (output end Pout). This injection locking ensures that the injected signal is efficiently coupled to the feedback resonant network of the power unit, avoiding reflection; at the same time, it significantly improves the frequency stability and phase noise performance of the output signal of a single power unit, enabling each power unit to automatically synchronize its output frequency and phase without the need for an external phase-locked loop or pre-stage drive, avoiding power loss caused by phase drift in traditional multi-channel combining.

[0074] Figure 4 The flowchart of the adjustment method for a power generation and injection-locked synthesis system provided by this invention includes six parts: power unit self-excited oscillation, reference signal injection, injection locking to achieve frequency and phase synchronization, power synthesis output, dynamic adjustment closed-loop control, and stable output. The specific process is as follows:

[0075] (1) The resistance value of the voltage divider module R1 is determined according to the gate-source negative bias voltage required when the power unit is working, so as to provide the power device with an accurate self-bias voltage and realize self-biasing; under the condition of no external periodic excitation signal, due to its own feedback mechanism, the DC energy of the drain current is converted into a radio frequency signal of a specific frequency. Part of the radio frequency signal is coupled through the second microstrip line TL2 and the fourth microstrip line TL4 as the input signal and input to the feedback resonant network composed of the fourth microstrip line TL4, coupling capacitor C7, third microstrip line TL3, input capacitor C1, first microstrip line TL1 and sixth microstrip line TL6 as the input of the power device PA. The other part of the radio frequency signal is output through the second microstrip line TL2, output capacitor C4 and fifth microstrip line TL5. The signal entering the feedback resonant network is amplified by the power device PA and coupled through the second microstrip line TL2 and the fourth microstrip line TL4 again as the input of the power device PA, forming positive feedback and realizing stable signal output;

[0076] (2) The output of each power unit is connected to the external signal source Ref as an injection lock interface. The external signal source provides a reference signal to adjust the frequency and phase of the output signal of each power unit so that it is synchronized with the frequency and phase of the reference signal.

[0077] (3) The output terminals of each power unit are converged to the input port of the power combining network, and the output signals of each power unit are superimposed into one signal in the power combining network;

[0078] (4) A directional coupler is connected to the output of each power unit and the output of the synthesis network to couple out a small part of the power signal and send it to the dynamic adjustment module. The dynamic adjustment module detects the power and phase in real time and adjusts the power and phase of each power unit to keep the power and phase of each power unit consistent.

[0079] Furthermore, the external reference signal from the external signal source is injected into each power unit through a circulator. When the difference between the frequency of the external reference signal and the frequency of the current power unit's output signal is less than the locking range, the frequency of the current power unit's output signal is forcibly synchronized to the frequency of the external reference signal.

[0080] Specifically, assuming the locked range ,in, Let be the theoretical self-resonant frequency of the power unit, and Q be the theoretical quality factor of the power unit. The power of the external reference signal, This represents the theoretical output power of the power unit; when the frequency of the injected external reference signal... With the output signal frequency of the power unit satisfy When the output signal frequency of the power unit is stable at the target frequency and the power fluctuation of the output signal is within ±0.2dB, the injection lock is considered successful.

[0081] Specifically, the output signal frequency of the power unit being stable at the target frequency means that the frequency deviation between the real-time detected output signal frequency and the preset target frequency is less than a specified value, such as < 1 Hz or a specified value set according to the system accuracy.

[0082] Furthermore, in step (4), the process by which the dynamic adjustment module adjusts the power and phase of each power unit is as follows:

[0083] a. Power regulation:

[0084] By adjusting the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 in the power unit, the source voltage Vs is changed, which in turn changes the voltage Vgs between the gate and the source, thus adjusting the output power of the power unit to keep it consistent with the power units in other branches.

[0085] Specifically, when the output power of a certain power unit is detected to be less than the target value of the power unit, or when the output power of the power combining network through the directional coupler is less than the target value of the combined power, the resistance value of the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 is reduced to increase the output power.

[0086] When the output power of a certain power unit is detected to be greater than the target value of the power unit, or the output power of the power combining network through the directional coupler is greater than the target value of the combined power, the resistance value of the source DC voltage divider resistor R1 is increased to reduce the output power.

[0087] b. Phase adjustment:

[0088] A varactor diode is connected in parallel on the third microstrip line TL3 in the feedback resonant network of the power unit. By changing the capacitance value of the varactor diode, the electrical length of the microstrip line is effectively changed, thereby adjusting the phase of the output signal of the power unit.

[0089] Specifically, when the output phase of a certain power unit is detected to lag behind the reference phase, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is reduced; when the output phase of a certain power unit is detected to lead the reference phase, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is increased.

Claims

1. A power generation and injection-locked synthesis system, characterized in that, It includes an external signal source, N power units, a power combining network, and a dynamic adjustment module; The external signal source is connected to the output terminals of N power units to provide a unified reference signal and inject the reference signal into each power unit. There are N power units, each of which is a self-biased self-resonant circuit; The power combining network is connected to the output terminals of N power units, and the output signals of the N power units are superimposed into one signal. Part of the signal is used as the output, and the other part is sent to the dynamic adjustment module through a directional coupler. The dynamic adjustment module performs real-time detection on the output of the power combining network through the directional coupler and the output of N power units through the directional coupler. Based on the real-time detected power and phase, it adjusts the power and phase of each power unit to keep the power and phase of each power unit consistent. The power unit includes a power device (PA), a voltage divider module, a source AC grounding capacitor (C8), an input capacitor (C1), an output capacitor (C4), a first drain bypass capacitor (C5), a choke inductor (L1), a first microstrip line (TL1), a second microstrip line (TL2), a third microstrip line (TL3), a fourth microstrip line (TL4), a fifth microstrip line (TL5), a sixth microstrip line (TL6), a second drain bypass capacitor (C6), a coupling capacitor (C7), an output terminal (Pout), a ground terminal (GND), and a power supply (Vd), wherein the voltage divider module is a source DC voltage divider resistor (R1); The source (S) of the power device (PA) is connected to the voltage divider module (R1). The drain (D) is connected to the power supply (Vd) through the second microstrip line (TL2) and the choke inductor (L1). The drain (D) is also connected to the output terminal (Pout) through the second microstrip line (TL2), the output capacitor (C4), and the fifth microstrip line (TL5). The gate (G) is connected to the ground terminal (GND) through the first microstrip line (TL1) and the sixth microstrip line (TL6). The gate (G) is also connected to the ground terminal (GND) through the first microstrip line (TL1), the input capacitor (C1), the third microstrip line (TL3), the coupling capacitor (C7), and the fourth microstrip line (TL4). The choke inductor (L1) is also connected to the ground terminal through the first drain bypass capacitor (C5) and the second drain bypass capacitor (C6). The source AC grounding capacitor (C8) is connected in parallel with the voltage divider module, with one end connected to the source (S) of the power device (PA) and the other end grounded.

2. The power generation and injection locking synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process by which the dynamic adjustment module adjusts the power and phase of each power unit is as follows: By adjusting the source DC voltage divider resistor in the power unit, the source voltage is changed, thereby changing the voltage between the gate and the source, adjusting the output power of the power unit to keep it consistent with the power units in other branches; A varactor diode is connected in parallel on the third microstrip line of the power unit. By changing the capacitance value of the varactor diode, the phase of the output signal of the power unit is adjusted.

3. The power generation and injection locking synthesis system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the output power of a certain power unit is detected to be less than the target value of the power unit, or the output power of the power combining network through the directional coupler is less than the target value of the combined power, the resistance of the source DC voltage divider resistor is reduced to increase the output power; when the output power of a certain power unit is detected to be greater than the target value of the power unit, or the output power of the power combining network through the directional coupler is greater than the target value of the combined power, the resistance of the source DC voltage divider resistor is increased to decrease the output power.

4. The power generation and injection locking synthesis system according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the output phase of a power unit is detected to lag behind the reference phase, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is decreased; when the output phase of a power unit is detected to lead the reference phase, the capacitance value of the varactor diode is increased.

5. The power generation and injection locking synthesis system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output terminals of N power units are connected to an external signal source as injection lock interfaces. The external signal source provides a reference signal to adjust the frequency and phase of the output signal of each power unit so that it is synchronized with the frequency and phase of the reference signal.

6. A method for adjusting a power generation and injection-locked synthesis system, characterized in that, include: (1) Determine the resistance value of the voltage divider module according to the gate-source negative bias voltage required when the power unit is working, so as to provide an accurate self-biasing voltage to the power device and realize self-biasing; Without an external periodic excitation signal, due to its own feedback mechanism, the DC energy of the drain current is converted into a radio frequency signal of a specific frequency. Part of the radio frequency signal is coupled through the second and fourth microstrip lines and used as an input signal. It is input to the feedback resonant network composed of the fourth microstrip line, coupling capacitor, third microstrip line, input capacitor, first microstrip line, and sixth microstrip line, and serves as the input to the power device. The other part of the radio frequency signal is output through the second microstrip line, output capacitor, and fifth microstrip line. The signal entering the feedback resonant network is amplified by the power device and coupled again through the second and fourth microstrip lines to serve as the input to the power device, forming positive feedback and achieving stable signal output. (2) The output of each power unit is connected to an external signal source as an injection lock interface. The external signal source provides a reference signal to adjust the frequency and phase of the output signal of each power unit so that it is synchronized with the frequency and phase of the reference signal. (3) The output terminals of each power unit are converged to the input port of the power combining network, and the output signals of each power unit are superimposed into one signal in the power combining network; (4) The output of each power unit and the output of the synthesis network are input to the dynamic adjustment module through a directional coupler. The dynamic adjustment module detects the power and phase in real time and adjusts the power and phase of each power unit to keep the power and phase of each power unit consistent.

7. The adjustment method for the power generation and injection locking synthesis system according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the difference between the frequency of the external reference signal and the frequency of the power unit's output signal is less than the locking range, the frequency of the power unit's output signal is synchronized with the frequency of the external reference signal.

8. The adjustment method for the power generation and injection locking synthesis system according to claim 6, characterized in that, Assuming locked range , where is the theoretical self-resonant frequency of the power unit, Q is the theoretical quality factor of the power unit, is the power of the external reference signal, and is the theoretical output power of the power unit; When the frequency of the injected external reference signal and the frequency of the power unit's output signal satisfy... When the output signal frequency of the power unit is stable at the target frequency and the power fluctuation of the output signal is within ±0.2dB, the injection lock is successful.

9. The adjustment method for the power generation and injection locking synthesis system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The output signal frequency of the power unit is stabilized at the target frequency, meaning that the frequency deviation between the real-time detected output signal frequency and the preset target frequency is less than a specified value.

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