Cold plate type direct cooling liquid cooling circulation system

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold plate type direct-cooling liquid-cooling circulation system, which is characterized in that an internal pipeline of a liquid-cooling cold plate is directly connected with an external radiating pipeline, indirect heat exchange structures such as a heat exchanger are omitted, the cooling effect can be guaranteed and the energy efficiency can be improved only by using a single cooling liquid, redundant pumping capacity is provided, and the reliability is good. The system mainly comprises an indoor server system, an outdoor unit system and a circulating system. The outdoor unit system comprises an outdoor liquid inlet path, an air cooler, an air cooling liquid inlet path, an air cooling liquid outlet path and an outdoor liquid outlet path; the indoor server system comprises a water inlet branch water device, a water outlet branch water device, a plurality of servers and a plurality of liquid cooling plates, the water inlet branch water device comprises a water inlet vertical main pipe and a plurality of water inlet branch pipes, the water outlet branch water device comprises a water outlet vertical main pipe and a plurality of water outlet branch pipes, and the circulating system comprises a circulating liquid inlet path, a circulating liquid outlet path and two circulating pump paths. And a circulating front-end ball valve, a liquid cooling circulating pump, a circulating liquid inlet check valve and a circulating rear-end ball valve are arranged on the circulating pump path.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of server heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a cold plate type direct cooling liquid cooling circulation system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most data center servers utilize cold plate liquid cooling technology for efficient heat dissipation. Mainstream systems generally employ a dual-loop indirect heat exchange architecture: a primary side (outdoor cooling tower or air cooler) + a liquid-cooled CDU (cooling distribution unit) + a secondary side (cold plate server rack). In this architecture, the liquid-cooled CDU acts as an intermediary, handling heat exchange and pumping circulation between the hot and cold fluids. Because the primary-side coolant and the secondary-side server coolant exchange heat indirectly within the CDU via heat exchangers, this approach has significant drawbacks: First, the system architecture is complex, with the CDU itself containing heat exchangers, pumps, and control units, resulting in high initial investment costs; second, the indirect heat exchange process involves temperature differences, causing additional energy efficiency losses; and finally, the increased number of maintenance nodes poses challenges to reliability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a cold plate type direct cooling liquid cooling circulation system, which uses inlet water manifold, outlet water manifold and other structures to directly connect the internal pipes of the liquid cooling plate with the external heat dissipation pipes, eliminating the need for indirect heat exchange structures such as heat exchangers, and only requires a single coolant to ensure the cooling effect, which can improve energy efficiency, and has redundant pumping capacity and good reliability.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A cold plate type direct cooling liquid cooling circulation system includes an indoor server system, an outdoor unit system, and a circulation system; The outdoor unit system includes an outdoor liquid inlet, an air cooler, an air cooler liquid inlet, an air cooler liquid outlet, and an outdoor liquid outlet. The air cooler includes multiple heat dissipation branch pipes and several heat dissipation fans for blowing air onto the heat dissipation branch pipes. The outdoor liquid inlet, air cooler liquid inlet, any heat dissipation branch pipe, air cooler liquid outlet, and outdoor liquid outlet are connected in sequence. The indoor server system includes an inlet water manifold, an outlet water manifold, multiple servers, and multiple liquid cooling plates for cooling the servers. The inlet water manifold includes an inlet vertical main pipe closed at the top and multiple inlet manifolds arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the side wall of the inlet vertical main pipe. The lower end of the inlet vertical main pipe is connected to the outlet end of the outdoor liquid outlet circuit. The outlet water manifold includes an outlet vertical main pipe closed at the top and multiple outlet manifolds arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the side wall of the outlet vertical main pipe. The lower end of the outlet vertical main pipe is connected to the inlet end of the circulating liquid inlet circuit. Each liquid cooling plate corresponds to an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold. For any liquid cooling plate: one end of the liquid cooling plate is connected to the corresponding inlet manifold, and the other end of the liquid cooling plate is connected to the corresponding outlet manifold. The circulation system includes a circulation inlet path, a circulation outlet path, and two circulation pump paths. The circulation pump paths are equipped with a circulation front ball valve, a liquid-cooled circulation pump, a circulation inlet check valve, and a circulation rear ball valve arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the circulation pump path. The circulation front ball valve is connected to the circulation inlet path, and the circulation rear ball valve is connected to the circulation outlet path.

[0005] Preferably, the circulating liquid inlet line is provided with a pressure gauge and a thermometer arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the circulating liquid inlet line, and the circulating liquid outlet line is provided with a pressure gauge, a thermometer and a flow meter arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the circulating liquid outlet line.

[0006] Preferably, the outdoor liquid inlet line is provided with an outdoor first ball valve and an outdoor second ball valve arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the outdoor liquid inlet line, the air-cooled liquid inlet line is provided with a pressure gauge, the air-cooled liquid outlet line is provided with a pressure gauge, a thermometer and a thermometer arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the air-cooled liquid outlet line, and the outdoor liquid outlet line is provided with an outdoor third ball valve and an outdoor fourth ball valve arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the outdoor liquid outlet line.

[0007] Preferably, the system also includes a main filter pipe and a secondary filter pipe. The main filter pipe is equipped with a pre-filter ball valve, a filter, and a post-filter ball valve arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the main filter pipe. The air-cooled liquid outlet, the inlet end of the main filter pipe, the outlet end of the main filter pipe, and the outdoor liquid outlet are connected in sequence. The secondary filter pipe is equipped with a secondary pipe ball valve. The air-cooled liquid outlet, the inlet end of the secondary filter pipe, the outlet end of the secondary filter pipe, and the outdoor liquid outlet are connected in sequence. A pressure gauge is installed on the outdoor liquid outlet between the third outdoor ball valve and the outlet end of the secondary filter pipe.

[0008] Preferably, both the inlet vertical pipe and the outlet vertical pipe are equipped with a constant volume venting mechanism. The constant volume venting mechanism includes an vent pipe with the upper end closed, a float, a sealing ball connected to the float via a connecting rod, and an extension air pipe provided on the vent pipe. In a constant volume venting mechanism: the inner hole of the vent pipe is composed of a lower vertical hole and an upper conical hole that can be sealed by the sealing ball. The inner diameter of the upper conical hole gradually increases from top to bottom. The extension air pipe includes an extension horizontal pipe and an extension vertical pipe. The upper end of the extension vertical pipe is connected to the upper end of the upper conical hole through the extension horizontal pipe. The lower end of the lower vertical hole in the constant volume venting mechanism on the inlet vertical pipe is connected to the upper end of the inlet vertical pipe. The lower end of the lower vertical hole in the constant volume venting mechanism on the outlet vertical pipe is connected to the upper end of the outlet vertical pipe. The float in the constant volume venting mechanism on the inlet vertical pipe is in sliding engagement with the inlet vertical pipe. The float in the constant volume venting mechanism on the outlet vertical pipe is in sliding engagement with the outlet vertical pipe.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, in the water inlet vertical pipe and the constant volume exhaust mechanism provided on the water inlet vertical pipe: an annular groove is provided on the inner side wall of the water inlet vertical pipe, and an inflatable sealing ring is provided on the annular groove to restrict the upward movement of the float. The inflatable sealing ring is connected to the extension horizontal pipe through an exhaust bypass pipe. The inner diameter of the exhaust bypass pipe is R, and the inner diameter of the extension vertical pipe is r. R≥5r. When the inflatable sealing ring is in the inflated state, the vertical projection of the inflatable sealing ring and the vertical projection of the float have an overlapping part.

[0010] Preferably, the water inlet vertical main pipe is provided with an inner tube that can support the limiting float. The space between the inner tube and the inner side wall of the water inlet vertical main pipe is an interlayer liquid cavity. A partition is provided on the lower part of the outer side wall of the inner tube. The partition divides the interlayer liquid cavity into a lower inlet liquid cavity and an upper main liquid cavity. The lower inlet liquid cavity is connected to the lower end of the inner tube. The height of the upper end of the inner tube is higher than the height of the highest point of any water inlet manifold. When the bottom of the float contacts the upper end of the inner tube, the sealing ball separates from the wall of the upper conical hole.

[0011] Preferably, the upper part of the inner tube sidewall is provided with several flow-slowing holes, each flow-slowing hole is evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner tube, and a vertical converging tube is provided in the upper part of the inner tube. The vertical converging tube is fixed to the inner tube by a support rod. The upper end of the inner tube, the upper end of the vertical converging tube, any flow-slowing hole and the lower end of the vertical converging tube are arranged from top to bottom in sequence.

[0012] Preferably, the system also includes a water replenishment tank and a pressure regulating tank. The outlet of the water replenishment tank is connected to the inlet of the air-cooled liquid inlet circuit via a first liquid replenishment circuit. The first liquid replenishment circuit is provided with a pre-liquid replenishment ball valve, a liquid replenishment pump, a pre-liquid replenishment check valve, and a post-liquid replenishment ball valve arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the first liquid replenishment circuit. The pressure regulating tank is connected to the first liquid replenishment circuit. The connection between the pressure regulating tank and the first liquid replenishment circuit is located between the liquid replenishment pump and the pre-liquid replenishment check valve. The pre-liquid replenishment check valve is connected to the inlet of the water replenishment tank via a return circuit. A return check valve is provided on the return circuit. The outlet of the first liquid replenishment circuit is connected to the outlet of the air-cooled liquid outlet circuit via a second liquid replenishment circuit. An electric valve is provided on the second liquid replenishment circuit.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By utilizing structures such as inlet and outlet water manifolds, the internal piping of the liquid-cooled plate is directly connected to the external heat dissipation piping, eliminating the need for indirect heat exchange structures such as heat exchangers. Furthermore, only a single coolant is required to ensure cooling performance, improving energy efficiency. It also has redundant pumping capacity and high reliability. The constant-volume venting mechanism can automatically vent, reducing the proportion of gas entering the inlet manifold and liquid-cooled plate. It can appropriately enlarge the venting window, reducing the frequency of the float's up-and-down movement and preventing excessive agitation of the liquid surface, thus affecting the subsequent rise of bubbles. The vertical converging pipe and slow-flow hole structure gathers the central bubbles, weakening the ability of bubbles above the inner pipe of the liquid flow band to enter the interlayer liquid cavity. It can absorb system pressure fluctuations and can draw coolant from the water tank for replenishment, helping the piping quickly establish a stable circulation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the indoor server system in the center; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the outdoor unit system; Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of the central circulation system; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water inlet branch valve of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the water inlet branch valve of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water outlet branch valve of the present invention; Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling fan in this invention; Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the outdoor unit system of the present invention.

[0015] Figure label: Indoor server system 1, water inlet manifold 11, water inlet vertical main pipe 111, water inlet manifold 112, inner layer pipe 113, interlayer liquid chamber 114, partition 115, lower liquid inlet chamber 116, upper main liquid chamber 117, slow flow hole 118, vertical conduit pipe 119, support rod 1191, water outlet manifold 12, water outlet vertical main pipe 121, water outlet manifold 122, server 13, liquid cooling plate 14; Outdoor unit system 2, outdoor liquid inlet 21, outdoor first ball valve 211, outdoor second ball valve 212, air cooler 22, heat dissipation branch pipe 221, heat dissipation fan 222, air cooler liquid inlet 23, air cooler liquid outlet 24, outdoor liquid outlet 25, outdoor third ball valve 251, outdoor fourth ball valve 252; Circulation system 3, circulation inlet line 31, circulation outlet line 32, circulation pump line 33, circulation front ball valve 331, liquid-cooled circulation pump 332, circulation inlet check valve 333, circulation rear ball valve 334; Filter main pipe 4, pre-filter ball valve 41, filter 42, post-filter ball valve 43, filter secondary pipe 44, secondary pipe ball valve 45; Exhaust pipe 51, lower vertical hole 511, upper conical hole 512, float 52, connecting rod 521, sealing ball 53, extension air pipe 54, extension horizontal pipe 541, extension vertical pipe 542, inflation sealing ring 55, exhaust bypass pipe 56; Water replenishment tank 6, first replenishment line 61, pre-replenishment ball valve 611, replenishment pump 612, pre-replenishment check valve 613, post-replenishment ball valve 614, pressure regulating tank 62, return line 63, return check valve 631, second replenishment line 64, electric valve 641; Pressure gauge 701, thermometer 702, flow meter 703. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, A cold plate type direct cooling liquid cooling circulation system 3 includes an indoor server system 1, an outdoor unit system 2 and a circulation system 3; The outdoor unit system 2 includes an outdoor liquid inlet 21, an air cooler 22, an air cooler liquid inlet 23, an air cooler liquid outlet 24, and an outdoor liquid outlet 25. The air cooler 22 includes multiple heat dissipation branch pipes 221 and several heat dissipation fans 222 for blowing air onto the heat dissipation branch pipes 221. The outdoor liquid inlet 21, the air cooler liquid inlet 23, any heat dissipation branch pipe 221, the air cooler liquid outlet 24, and the outdoor liquid outlet 25 are connected in sequence. The indoor server system 1 includes an inlet water manifold 11, an outlet water manifold 12, multiple servers 13, and multiple liquid cooling plates 14 for heat dissipation of the servers 13. The inlet water manifold 11 includes an inlet vertical main pipe 111 with its upper end closed, and multiple inlet manifolds 112 arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the side wall of the inlet vertical main pipe 111. The lower end of the inlet vertical main pipe 111 is connected to the outlet end of the outdoor liquid outlet circuit 25. The outlet water manifold 12 includes an outlet water manifold 12 with its upper end closed. The vertical main pipe 121 and multiple outlet manifolds 122 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom on the side wall of the outlet vertical main pipe 121. The lower end of the outlet vertical main pipe 121 is connected to the inlet end of the circulating liquid inlet path 31. The liquid cooling plate 14 corresponds to the inlet manifold 112 and the liquid cooling plate 14 corresponds to the outlet manifold 122. For any liquid cooling plate 14: one end of the liquid cooling plate 14 is connected to the corresponding inlet manifold 112, and the other end of the liquid cooling plate 14 is connected to the corresponding outlet manifold 122. The circulation system 3 includes a circulation inlet path 31, a circulation outlet path 32, and two circulation pump paths 33. The circulation pump path 33 is provided with a circulation front ball valve 331, a liquid-cooled circulation pump 332, a circulation inlet check valve 333, and a circulation rear ball valve 334 arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the circulation pump path 33. The circulation front ball valve 331 is connected to the circulation inlet path 31, and the circulation rear ball valve 334 is connected to the circulation outlet path 32.

[0018] The coolant circulates along the route of liquid cooling plate 14, outlet manifold 12, circulation inlet line 31, one circulation pump line 33 (which can be called the working circulation pump line 33), circulation outlet line 32, outdoor inlet line 21, air-cooled inlet line 23, each heat dissipation branch pipe 221, air-cooled outlet line 24, outdoor outlet line 25, inlet manifold 11, and liquid cooling plate 14. The circulation power of the coolant comes from the liquid cooling circulation pump 332 on the working circulation pump line 33.

[0019] During operation, server 13 generates heat, and liquid cooling plate 14 contacts server 13 to absorb heat (liquid cooling plate 14 cooling server 13 is existing technology). When coolant flows through liquid cooling plate 14, it carries away a large amount of heat, causing the coolant temperature to rise. When coolant flows through each heat dissipation branch pipe 221 of air cooler 22, the coolant flowing through each heat dissipation branch pipe 221 is rapidly cooled because cooling fan 222 continuously blows air onto the heat dissipation branch pipe 221.

[0020] As can be seen from the above, this invention eliminates the need for traditional indirect heat exchange structures such as heat exchangers, thereby improving energy efficiency and requiring only a single coolant to achieve the cooling function. Furthermore, two circulating pump paths 33 (dual-pump redundancy) are provided; when needed, the currently operating circulating pump path 33 can be shut down, and the other path can be activated for pumping.

[0021] It should be noted that in this field, the main pipes in the inlet manifold 11, namely the inlet vertical main pipe 111, and the main pipes in the outlet manifold 12, namely the outlet vertical main pipe 121, are usually arranged vertically. This can effectively save the installation space of the entire system. At the same time, in combination with the characteristic that each server 13 in the server rack is arranged from top to bottom, it can better install each inlet manifold 112 and outlet manifold 122.

[0022] The circulating liquid inlet path 31 is provided with a pressure gauge 701 and a thermometer 702 arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the circulating liquid inlet path 31, and the circulating liquid outlet path 32 is provided with a pressure gauge 701, a thermometer 702 and a flow meter 703 arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the circulating liquid outlet path 32.

[0023] It can monitor key parameters such as pressure and temperature of the coolant circuit on all 13 sides of the server in real time, providing data support for system operation status assessment and fault diagnosis, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system.

[0024] The outdoor liquid inlet channel 21 is provided with an outdoor first ball valve 211 and an outdoor second ball valve 212 arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the outdoor liquid inlet channel 21. The air-cooled liquid inlet channel 23 is provided with a pressure gauge 701. The air-cooled liquid outlet channel 24 is provided with a pressure gauge 701, a thermometer 702 and a thermometer 702 arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the air-cooled liquid outlet channel 24. The outdoor liquid outlet channel 25 is provided with an outdoor third ball valve 251 and an outdoor fourth ball valve 252 arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the outdoor liquid outlet channel 25.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the status of the outdoor coolant circuit can be fully monitored, and segmented isolation can be achieved through multiple ball valves, which facilitates the maintenance, repair and cleaning of the outdoor system.

[0026] It also includes a main filter pipe 4 and a secondary filter pipe 44. The main filter pipe 4 is provided with a pre-filter ball valve 41, a filter 42 and a post-filter ball valve 43 arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the main filter pipe 4. The air-cooled liquid outlet 24, the liquid inlet end of the main filter pipe 4, the liquid outlet end of the main filter pipe 4 and the outdoor liquid outlet 25 are connected in sequence. The secondary filter pipe 44 is provided with a secondary pipe ball valve 45. The air-cooled liquid outlet 24, the liquid inlet end of the secondary filter pipe 44, the liquid outlet end of the secondary filter pipe 44 and the outdoor liquid outlet 25 are connected in sequence. The outdoor liquid outlet 25 is provided with a pressure gauge 701 located between the outdoor third ball valve 251 and the liquid outlet end of the secondary filter pipe 44.

[0027] By setting up switchable main filter pipe 4 and secondary filter pipe 44, filter 42 can be maintained or replaced without affecting the continuous operation of the system, thus improving the availability and maintenance convenience of the system.

[0028] Both the inlet vertical pipe 111 and the outlet vertical pipe 121 are equipped with a constant volume exhaust mechanism. The constant volume exhaust mechanism includes an exhaust pipe 51 with the upper end closed, a float 52, a sealing ball 53 connected to the float 52 via a connecting rod 521, and an extension air pipe 54 provided on the exhaust pipe 51. In a constant volume exhaust mechanism: the inner hole of the exhaust pipe 51 is composed of a lower vertical hole 511 and an upper conical hole 512 that can be sealed by the sealing ball 53. The inner diameter of the upper conical hole 512 gradually increases from top to bottom. The extension air pipe 54 includes an extension horizontal pipe 541 and an extension vertical pipe 542. The upper end of the extension vertical pipe 542 is connected to the upper end of the upper conical hole 512 via the extension horizontal pipe 541. The lower end of the lower vertical hole 511 in the constant volume venting mechanism on the water inlet vertical pipe 111 is connected to the upper end of the water inlet vertical pipe 111. The lower end of the lower vertical hole 511 in the constant volume venting mechanism on the water outlet vertical pipe 121 is connected to the upper end of the water outlet vertical pipe 121. The float 52 in the constant volume venting mechanism on the water inlet vertical pipe 111 is slidably engaged with the water inlet vertical pipe 111. The float 52 in the constant volume venting mechanism on the water outlet vertical pipe 121 is slidably engaged with the water outlet vertical pipe 121.

[0029] When air bubbles in the coolant enter each liquid cooling plate 14 through the inlet manifold 11, the air bubbles will affect the heat dissipation effect (firstly, the thermal conductivity of gas is much lower than that of liquid, and the air bubbles in the coolant are equivalent to a "heat insulation layer", affecting and hindering the transfer of heat; secondly, the air bubbles may form air locks in the coolant pipes, which will hinder the normal flow of coolant and cause local circulation problems. Moreover, the inlet manifold 112 has a relatively small diameter and is more easily affected).

[0030] The constant-volume venting mechanism can automatically vent air. First, for the rising liquid, the rising speed of bubbles in the liquid is usually greater than the rising speed of the liquid itself. Many bubbles will preferentially reach the vicinity of float 52. Gas begins to accumulate below the contact area between the sealing ball 53 and the upper conical hole 512 and above the liquid surface (this area is called the gas accumulation section). The more gas in the gas accumulation section, the less part of float 52 is in contact with the coolant. At a certain moment, the buoyancy is insufficient to support float 52, and float 52, connecting rod 521, and sealing ball 53 move downwards. Some of the gas in the gas accumulation section is quickly discharged from the upper conical hole 512, causing the liquid level to rise. This can push float 52, connecting rod 521, and sealing ball 53 upwards again, sealing the upper conical hole 512. Of course, since the coolant itself is flowing rapidly, a large portion of the bubbles in the coolant will enter the inlet manifold 112, liquid cooling plate 14, and subsequent structures along with the rapidly flowing coolant. Therefore, similarly, the constant-volume venting mechanism on the outlet water distributor 12 can also discharge some of the gas in the coolant and eliminate some of the air bubbles in the coolant.

[0031] In addition, this solution also shows the advantages of the vertical arrangement of the main pipes (inlet vertical pipe 111 and outlet vertical pipe 121) in the conventional water distributor mentioned above: the coolant is relatively lower due to gravity, and the upper part can accumulate gas, thereby automatically and quantitatively venting. If the inlet vertical pipe 111 and outlet vertical pipe 121 are arranged horizontally, the air bubbles will float up and accumulate on the top inner wall of the pipe. In the horizontal flow channel, the air bubbles need the push of the liquid flow to move towards the outlet, which can easily form air pockets at the high point of the horizontal section of the flow channel, blocking part of the flow channel and reducing the flow of the corresponding heat dissipation unit downstream.

[0032] In the water inlet vertical pipe 111 and the constant volume exhaust mechanism provided on the water inlet vertical pipe 111: the inner side wall of the water inlet vertical pipe 111 is provided with an annular groove, and an inflatable sealing ring 55 is provided on the annular groove to restrict the upward movement of the float 52. The inflatable sealing ring 55 is connected to the extension horizontal pipe 541 through an exhaust bypass pipe 56. The inner diameter of the exhaust bypass pipe 56 is R, and the inner diameter of the extension vertical pipe 542 is r. R≥5r. When the inflatable sealing ring 55 is in the inflated state, the vertical projection of the inflatable sealing ring 55 and the vertical projection of the float 52 have an overlapping part.

[0033] As mentioned earlier, the more gas in the gas accumulation section, the less part of the float 52 contacts the coolant. At a certain point, the buoyancy is insufficient to support the float 52, causing the float 52, connecting rod 521, and sealing ball 53 to move downwards. A portion of the gas in the gas accumulation section is quickly discharged through the upper conical hole 512, causing the liquid level to rise. This, in turn, pushes the float 52, connecting rod 521, and sealing ball 53 upwards again, sealing the upper conical hole 512. In reality, when a portion of the gas in the gas accumulation section is quickly discharged through the upper conical hole 512, the float 52 also rises rapidly. Therefore, this "exhaust window" is very small, meaning the time is very short. This leads to frequent up-and-down movement of the float 52. The up-and-down movement of the float 52 itself agitates the liquid surface. Since the liquid surface is above the gas, this agitation easily stirs a large amount of gas back into the coolant. This not only affects the subsequent rise of bubbles and the smooth arrival of gas in the gas accumulation section, but also results in more gas ultimately entering the inlet manifold 112 and the liquid cooling plate 14. Therefore, appropriately enlarging the exhaust window and reducing the frequency of the float 52's up-and-down movement is a more ideal approach.

[0034] In this design, during venting, because "the inner diameter of the venting bypass pipe 56 is R, and the inner diameter of the extension vertical pipe 542 is r, where R ≥ 5r", meaning the venting speed of the extension vertical pipe 542 is slower, a large portion of the vented gas preferentially enters the venting bypass pipe 56 and the inflatable sealing ring 55. As a result, the expansion of the inflatable sealing ring 55 hinders the rapid upward movement and reset of the float 52, thus appropriately prolonging the single venting time. After the inflatable sealing ring 55 expands, the gas inside will eventually be discharged from the venting bypass pipe 56 and the extension vertical pipe, without affecting the final upward movement and reset of the float 52. Therefore, the overall venting effect is not affected, and the frequency of the float 52's vertical movement is reduced.

[0035] The water inlet vertical pipe 111 is provided with an inner layer pipe 113 that can support the limiting float 52. The space between the inner layer pipe 113 and the inner side wall of the water inlet vertical pipe 111 is an interlayer liquid cavity 114. The lower part of the outer side wall of the inner layer pipe 113 is provided with a partition 115. The partition 115 divides the interlayer liquid cavity 114 into a lower liquid inlet cavity 116 and an upper main liquid cavity 117. The lower liquid inlet cavity 116 is connected to the lower end of the inner layer pipe 113. The height of the upper end of the inner layer pipe 113 is higher than the height of the highest point of any water inlet manifold 112. When the bottom of the float 52 contacts the upper end of the inner layer pipe 113, the sealing ball 53 separates from the wall of the upper conical hole 512.

[0036] As mentioned earlier, since the coolant itself flows rapidly, a large portion of the air bubbles in the coolant will enter the inlet manifold 112, the liquid cooling plate 14, and subsequent structures along with the rapidly flowing coolant. This obviously affects the cooling effect of the liquid cooling plate 14 on the server 13. In this solution, the coolant is allowed to first rise from the inner tube 113 and then descend from the outside of the inner tube 113 (interlayer liquid cavity 114). In the initial stage (when the coolant first rises from the inner tube 113), a large number of air bubbles can be allowed to converge towards the gas accumulation section (in this process, unlike the traditional inlet vertical tube 111, many air bubbles will not flow directly into the side inlet manifold 112 with the high-speed liquid flow), thus significantly improving the air bubble separation effect and reducing the proportion of gas entering the inlet manifold 112 and the liquid cooling plate 14.

[0037] The inner tube 113 has several flow-slowing holes 118 on the upper part of its side wall. Each flow-slowing hole 118 is evenly distributed around the inner tube 113. The upper part of the inner tube 113 has a vertical converging tube 119. The vertical converging tube 119 is fixed to the inner tube 113 by a support rod 1191. The upper end of the inner tube 113, the upper end of the vertical converging tube 119, any flow-slowing hole 118 and the lower end of the vertical converging tube 119 are arranged from top to bottom in sequence.

[0038] Bubbles in a vertically upward-flowing liquid are primarily acted upon by several forces: buoyancy (always upward), electrostatic force (the viscous resistance exerted by the liquid, its direction related to the flow direction), and most importantly, lift. In a vertical pipe, the velocity distribution of the liquid is non-uniform, exhibiting a parabolic (laminar) or more flattened but still gradient near the wall (turbulent), meaning the velocity is higher at the center and lower near the wall. Due to this velocity gradient, the side of the bubble closest to the wall experiences a slower velocity than the other side. According to Bernoulli's principle, this creates a pressure difference, forming a force that pushes the bubble away from the wall and towards the high-speed region at the center of the pipe—this is lift. In upward flow, this force may be in a different direction than buoyancy, but they work together to deflect the bubble away from the wall. Therefore, a large number of bubbles are located at the center (near the axis) of the inner tube 113. When the coolant flows to near the upper end of the inner tube 113, the high-speed liquid flow flowing laterally outward at the upper end of the inner tube 113 easily carries a large number of bubbles into the interlayer liquid cavity 114. In view of this, the structure of vertical converging tube 119 and slow flow hole 118 is set. The vertical converging tube 119 can gather the bubbles in the center, so that more bubbles can reach the position above the vertical converging tube 119 and close to the axis of the vertical converging tube 119. Bubbles in this position are less likely to be carried into the interlayer liquid cavity 114 by the high-speed liquid flow flowing laterally outward at the upper end of the inner tube 113, and are more likely to reach the gas accumulation part. Furthermore, with the presence of the flow-slowing orifice 118, some coolant will enter the interlayer liquid chamber 114 through the orifice 118, thereby reducing the flow velocity of the "high-speed liquid flow flowing laterally outward at the upper end of the inner tube 113," and further reducing the ability of the "high-speed liquid flow flowing laterally outward at the upper end of the inner tube 113" to carry air bubbles above the inner tube into the interlayer liquid chamber 114. As a result, the amount of gas in the interlayer liquid chamber 114 is significantly reduced, and the amount of gas that ultimately enters the water inlet manifold 112 and the liquid cooling plate 14 is also greatly reduced.

[0039] It also includes a water replenishment tank 6 and a pressure regulating tank 62. The outlet of the water replenishment tank 6 is connected to the inlet of the air-cooled liquid inlet channel 23 through the first liquid replenishment channel 61. The first liquid replenishment channel 61 is provided with a pre-liquid replenishment ball valve 611, a liquid replenishment pump 612, a pre-liquid replenishment check valve 613 and a post-liquid replenishment ball valve 614 arranged sequentially along the liquid supply direction of the first liquid replenishment channel 61. The pressure regulating tank 62 is connected to the first liquid replenishment channel 61. The connection between the pressure regulating tank 62 and the first liquid replenishment channel 61 is located between the liquid replenishment pump 612 and the pre-liquid replenishment check valve 613. The pre-liquid replenishment check valve 613 is connected to the inlet of the water replenishment tank 6 through the return liquid channel 63. The return liquid channel 63 is provided with a return liquid check valve 631. The outlet of the first liquid replenishment channel 61 is connected to the outlet of the air-cooled liquid outlet channel 24 through the second liquid replenishment channel 64. The second liquid replenishment channel 64 is provided with an electric valve 641.

[0040] The pressure regulating tank 62 is existing technology and can absorb system pressure fluctuations. The replenishment pump 612 can draw coolant from the replenishment tank 6 to replenish the system when the system pressure is too low. In addition, the second replenishment line 64 and the electric valve 641 can also replenish the air-cooled outlet line 24. All of these can help the pipeline quickly establish a stable circulation.

[0041] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cold plate direct liquid cooling system, characterized by, The system comprises an indoor server system, an outdoor unit system and a circulating system. The outdoor unit system comprises an outdoor liquid inlet path, an air cooler, an air cooling liquid inlet path, an air cooling liquid outlet path and an outdoor liquid outlet path. The indoor server system comprises a water inlet diverging water distributor, a water outlet diverging water distributor, a plurality of servers and a plurality of liquid cooling cold plates for cooling the servers. The circulating system comprises a circulating liquid inlet path, a circulating liquid outlet path and two circulating pump paths.

2. The cold plate direct liquid cooling system of claim 1, wherein, The circulating liquid inlet path is provided with a pressure gauge and a thermometer arranged in sequence along the liquid supply direction of the circulating liquid inlet path.

3. The cold plate direct liquid cooling system of claim 1, wherein, The outdoor liquid inlet path is provided with an outdoor first ball valve and an outdoor second ball valve arranged in sequence along the liquid supply direction of the outdoor liquid inlet path.

4. The cold plate direct liquid cooling system of claim 3, wherein, The air cooling liquid inlet path is provided with a pressure gauge.

5. The cold plate direct liquid cooling system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that, The air cooling liquid outlet path is provided with a pressure gauge, a thermometer and a thermometer arranged in sequence along the liquid supply direction of the air cooling liquid outlet path. The outdoor liquid outlet path is provided with an outdoor third ball valve and an outdoor fourth ball valve arranged in sequence along the liquid supply direction of the outdoor liquid outlet path. The filter main pipe is provided with a filter front ball valve, a filter and a filter rear ball valve arranged in sequence along the liquid supply direction of the filter main pipe. The filter auxiliary pipe is provided with an auxiliary pipe ball valve. The water inlet vertical main pipe and the water outlet vertical main pipe are both provided with a constant volume gas discharge mechanism. The constant volume gas discharge mechanism comprises a gas discharge pipe with a closed upper end, a floating block, a sealing ball connected to the floating block through a connecting rod and an extension gas pipe arranged on the gas discharge pipe. In one constant volume gas discharge mechanism, the inner hole of the gas discharge pipe is composed of a lower vertical hole and an upper tapered hole which can be sealed by the sealing ball. The upper tapered hole has an inner diameter gradually increasing from top to bottom. The extension gas pipe comprises an extension horizontal pipe and an extension vertical pipe. The upper end of the extension vertical pipe is communicated with the upper end of the upper tapered hole through the extension horizontal pipe. The lower end of the lower vertical hole in the constant-volume exhaust mechanism arranged on the water inlet vertical main pipe is communicated with the upper end of the water inlet vertical main pipe, the lower end of the lower vertical hole in the constant-volume exhaust mechanism arranged on the water outlet vertical main pipe is communicated with the upper end of the water outlet vertical main pipe, the float in the constant-volume exhaust mechanism arranged on the water inlet vertical main pipe is in sliding fit with the water inlet vertical main pipe, and the float in the constant-volume exhaust mechanism arranged on the water outlet vertical main pipe is in sliding fit with the water outlet vertical main pipe.

6. A cold plate direct liquid cooling system according to claim 5, wherein, In the water inlet vertical main pipe and the constant-volume exhaust mechanism arranged on the water inlet vertical main pipe: a ring groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the water inlet vertical main pipe, an air-filled sealing ring for limiting upward movement of the float is arranged on the ring groove, the air-filled sealing ring is communicated to the extended horizontal pipe through an exhaust bypass pipe, the inner diameter of the exhaust bypass pipe is R, the inner diameter of the extended vertical pipe is r, R≥5r, and when the air-filled sealing ring is in the inflated state, the vertical projection of the air-filled sealing ring overlaps with the vertical projection of the float.

7. The cold plate direct liquid cooling system of claim 5, wherein, The water inlet vertical main pipe is internally provided with an inner layer pipe for supporting and limiting the float, the space between the inner layer pipe and the inner side wall of the water inlet vertical main pipe is an interlayer liquid cavity, a partition plate is arranged on the lower part of the outer side wall of the inner layer pipe, the partition plate divides the interlayer liquid cavity into a lower liquid inlet cavity and an upper main liquid cavity, the lower liquid inlet cavity is communicated with the lower end of the inner layer pipe, and the height at which the upper end of the inner layer pipe is located is higher than the height at which the highest point of any water inlet manifold is located; when the bottom of the float contacts the upper end of the inner layer pipe, the sealing ball is separated from the hole wall of the upper conical hole.

8. The cold plate direct liquid cooling system of claim 7, wherein, The upper part of the side wall of the inner layer pipe is provided with a plurality of slow-flow holes, the slow-flow holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the inner layer pipe, an upright pipe is arranged in the upper part of the inner layer pipe, the upright pipe is fixed to the inner layer pipe through a support rod, and the upper end of the inner layer pipe, the upper end of the upright pipe, any slow-flow hole and the lower end of the upright pipe are arranged from top to bottom.

9. A cold plate direct liquid cooling system as claimed in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein, The water supply tank and the constant-pressure tank are further included, the liquid outlet end of the water supply tank is communicated to the liquid inlet end of the air cooling liquid inlet path through a first liquid supplementing path, the first liquid supplementing path is provided with a liquid supplementing front ball valve, a liquid supplementing pump, a liquid supplementing front check valve and a liquid supplementing rear ball valve arranged in sequence along the liquid supply direction of the first liquid supplementing path, the constant-pressure tank is communicated with the first liquid supplementing path, the communication position of the constant-pressure tank and the first liquid supplementing path is between the liquid supplementing pump and the liquid supplementing front check valve, the liquid supplementing front check valve is communicated to the liquid inlet end of the water supply tank through a liquid return path, the liquid return path is provided with a liquid return check valve, and the liquid outlet end of the first liquid supplementing path is communicated to the liquid outlet end of the air cooling liquid outlet path through a second liquid supplementing path, the second liquid supplementing path is provided with an electric valve.

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