A communication method and apparatus

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, relating to the technical field of communication. The method can combine dynamic objects and static objects to predict the beam of the terminal device, thereby improving the accuracy of beam prediction and improving the link stability of vehicle networking communication. The method comprises: sending first information, the first information comprising vehicle information, position information and link quality information of the terminal device. The vehicle information is pre-set in the terminal device. Trajectory information is sent, the trajectory information comprising at least one position information of the terminal device within a first time length in the future. Third information is sent, the third information comprising information of at least one non-networked blocking vehicle, the blocking vehicle being capable of blocking the communication beam used by the terminal device. A first indication is received, the first indication being used to instruct the terminal device to perform beam switching or beam interruption. The first indication is generated by the network device according to the first information, the trajectory information and the third information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, the terminal device can be a connected vehicle or a device component in the vehicle that has wireless communication capabilities.

[0003] During vehicle operation, terminal devices can communicate with network devices based on beamforming. Network devices can use beam prediction technology to pre-determine available beams for the terminal device based on static objects such as buildings and trees near the vehicle's location, and then configure available beams for the terminal device. Correspondingly, the terminal device can use the beams configured by the network device to communicate when it reaches the corresponding location.

[0004] However, due to the complexity of the road environment, objects that can affect beamwidth (such as obstruction) include not only static objects, but also dynamic objects such as large vehicles traveling on the road, which can significantly impact beamwidth transmission. This means that the available beams identified by existing beam prediction techniques can still be obstructed, thus hindering communication based on those beams. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method and apparatus that can combine dynamic and static objects to perform beam prediction on terminal devices, thereby improving the accuracy of beam prediction and enhancing the link stability of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication.

[0006] To achieve the above technical objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] Firstly, a communication method is provided. This method can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the terminal device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. This application does not limit this approach. The following description uses a terminal device as an example.

[0008] The method includes: sending first information, the first information including vehicle information, location information, and link quality information of the terminal device. The vehicle information is pre-set in the terminal device. Sending trajectory information, the trajectory information including at least one location information of the terminal device within a future first time period. Sending third information, the third information including information on at least one non-networked obstructing vehicle that may block the communication beam used by the terminal device. Receiving a first instruction, the first instruction being used to instruct the terminal device to perform beam switching or beam interruption. The first instruction is generated by the network device based on the first information, the trajectory information, and the third information.

[0009] In this way, the terminal device can perform beam switching or trigger beam interruption during vehicle movement based on the first instruction sent by the network device. Since the generation of this first instruction is related to first information, second information, and the trajectory, the beam prediction result corresponding to the first instruction comprehensively considers the occlusion of the vehicle by connected and non-connected vehicles during its movement. Therefore, the beam prediction result corresponding to the first instruction is more accurate, and the beam switching or beam interruption based on this first instruction can accurately match the occlusion situation of the terminal device's current location, thereby improving the stability of the communication link between the terminal device and the network device.

[0010] Optionally, the vehicle information includes at least one of the following: vehicle identification, vehicle type, and vehicle size. The vehicle type indicates whether the vehicle corresponding to the terminal device is a large vehicle.

[0011] In this way, the terminal device can report vehicle information, enabling the network device to uniquely identify the terminal device. Furthermore, if the vehicle information includes vehicle type and size, the network device can also determine whether the terminal device is a large vehicle, and thus identify large vehicles as potential beam-blocking vehicles.

[0012] Optionally, the vehicle type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type, and a third type. The size of the vehicle corresponding to the terminal equipment of the first type, the second type, and the third type decreases sequentially. The vehicle type is the first type and / or the second type, and the corresponding vehicle is the large vehicle.

[0013] This provides a method for classifying vehicle types. Therefore, based on the field corresponding to the vehicle type, network devices and terminal devices can directly determine whether a vehicle is an obstructing vehicle, without needing to infer and make a judgment based on other information (such as vehicle size).

[0014] Optionally, when the terminal device first connects to the network device, the vehicle information includes the vehicle identifier, the vehicle type, and the vehicle size. When the terminal device connects to the network device for the first time, the vehicle information includes the vehicle identifier.

[0015] This clarifies the content of vehicle information during initial access. It should be understood that during initial access, the terminal device can report complete local information to the network device. However, for subsequent accesses, the terminal device only needs to report its local ID, which allows the network device to determine the specific information of the accessing terminal device based on the complete information already obtained.

[0016] Optionally, the link quality information includes: the beam identifier currently used by the terminal device, and the quality information of the currently used identifier. This quality information includes at least one of the following: reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0017] This provides a concrete implementation of link quality information. Based on this, by reporting link quality information, network devices and terminal devices can know the communication quality of the beam. This allows for accurate reference in subsequent beam prediction.

[0018] Optionally, before sending the trajectory information, the method further includes: predicting the trajectory information of the terminal device within a first time period.

[0019] This clarifies that the trajectory information can be estimated information within the first time period obtained from the prediction. That is, each position in this estimated information can correspond to the location of the terminal device in a future period of time (such as the first time period) after the current moment.

[0020] Optionally, the prediction of the trajectory information of the terminal device within a first time period includes: obtaining the trajectory information based on at least one of the following parameters: local location, historical records, navigation information, and interaction information with surrounding vehicles.

[0021] This provides a concrete scheme for trajectory information prediction. In some examples, the terminal device can predict the trajectory information based on its own location and interaction information with surrounding vehicles. The interaction information with surrounding vehicles can be actively acquired by the terminal device using its built-in sensors, radar, and other perception components. In other examples, the terminal device can predict the trajectory information based on historical location data or navigation information provided by navigation software.

[0022] Optionally, the information of the non-networked obstructing vehicle in the third information includes at least one of the following: the vehicle type, speed information, and location information of the non-networked obstructing vehicle.

[0023] This provides a concrete implementation of third information. It should be understood that third information can include information about non-networked obstructed vehicles. This supplements the dynamic objects of non-networked obstructed vehicles on the road that cannot actively report their local parameters via first information. Furthermore, by combining the first and third information, network devices and terminal devices can accurately and completely obtain information about obstructed vehicles on the road.

[0024] Optionally, before sending the third information, the method further includes: receiving second information, the second information being used to determine the third information.

[0025] Optionally, the second information includes at least one of the following: location information of the terminal equipment for large vehicles, indicating vehicle type, within the coverage area of ​​the network device; and vehicle identification of the terminal equipment for large vehicles, indicating vehicle type, within the coverage area of ​​the network device.

[0026] This provides a method for determining the third piece of information. Specifically, the terminal device can determine the obstructing vehicle through measurement. Then, based on the information of the network-connected obstructing vehicle indicated by the second piece of information, the terminal device can filter out network-connected obstructing vehicles from its own obstructing vehicle database. Thus, only the information of non-network-connected obstructing vehicles is reported in the third piece of information. The information of network-connected obstructing vehicles is then proactively reported by the corresponding vehicle through the first piece of information. This avoids duplicate reporting of network-connected obstructing vehicle information and improves information transmission efficiency.

[0027] Optionally, the terminal device corresponding to the second information is a networked vehicle. The method further includes: determining information about at least one obstructing vehicle; and selecting at least one non-networked obstructing vehicle from the at least one obstructing vehicle based on the second information.

[0028] Optionally, the first indication is used to instruct the terminal device to perform beam switching. The first indication includes a first moment and a first beam identifier. After receiving the first indication, the method further includes: according to the first indication, communicating using the beam corresponding to the first beam identifier at the first moment. Alternatively, the first indication is used to instruct the terminal device to interrupt its beam. The first indication includes a first moment and a first device identifier, where the device corresponding to the first device identifier is different from the terminal device. After receiving the first indication, the method further includes: according to the first indication, at the first moment, performing relay communication with the network device through the device corresponding to the first device identifier.

[0029] This provides a specific implementation of the first indication and its corresponding application logic. It should be understood that because the first indication is determined jointly by first information, third information, and trajectory information, it can possess high accuracy. Furthermore, beam switching or beam interruption based on this first indication can achieve accurate beam usage logic at the first moment, thereby improving system communication reliability.

[0030] Secondly, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a network device, or by a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the network device, or by a logic module or software capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the network device. This application does not limit this. The following description uses a network device (such as a satellite) as an example.

[0031] The method includes:

[0032] The system receives first information, including vehicle information, location information, and link quality information of the terminal device. It also receives trajectory information, including at least one location of the terminal device within a future first time period. Finally, it receives third information, including information about at least one non-networked obstructing vehicle that may block the communication beam used by the terminal device. Based on the first information, the trajectory information, and the third information, a first instruction is generated. This first instruction instructs the terminal device to perform beam switching or beam interruption. The first instruction is then transmitted.

[0033] Optionally, the vehicle information includes at least one of the following: vehicle identification, vehicle type, and vehicle size. The vehicle type indicates whether the vehicle corresponding to the terminal device is a large vehicle.

[0034] Optionally, the vehicle type includes at least one of the following: a first type, a second type, and a third type. The size of the vehicle corresponding to the terminal equipment of the first type, the second type, and the third type decreases sequentially. The vehicle type is the first type and / or the second type, and the corresponding vehicle is the large vehicle.

[0035] Optionally, when the terminal device first connects to the network device, the vehicle information includes the vehicle identifier, the vehicle type, and the vehicle size. When the terminal device connects to the network device for the first time, the vehicle information includes the vehicle identifier.

[0036] Optionally, the link quality information includes: the beam identifier currently used by the terminal device, and the quality information of the currently used identifier. This quality information includes at least one of the following: reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, and signal-to-noise ratio.

[0037] Optionally, the information of the non-networked obstructing vehicle in the third information includes at least one of the following: the vehicle type, speed information, and location information of the non-networked obstructing vehicle.

[0038] Optionally, before receiving the third information, the method further includes: sending second information, the second information including at least one of the following: location information of the terminal equipment of a large vehicle indicating the vehicle type within the coverage area of ​​the network device; and vehicle identification of the terminal equipment of a large vehicle indicating the vehicle type within the coverage area of ​​the network device.

[0039] Optionally, generating the first instruction based on the first information, the trajectory information, and the third information includes: obtaining global information within the coverage area of ​​the network device based on the first information and the third information, wherein the global information includes at least the location information of at least one obstructing vehicle within the first time period. The at least one obstructing vehicle is either a networked vehicle or a non-networked vehicle. Based on the global information and the trajectory information, determining the associated information corresponding to the location of the terminal device at a first moment. The first moment is a moment within the first time period. Based on the associated information, determining to generate the first instruction.

[0040] Optionally, the associated information may include at least reference information about the obstructing vehicle. This reference information may include at least one of the following: location information, vehicle type, speed information, the beam ID used, and the link quality information of the beam used.

[0041] Optionally, the first indication is used to instruct the terminal device to perform beam switching. The first indication includes a first moment and a first beam identifier. After sending the first indication, the method further includes: communicating with the terminal device using the beam corresponding to the first beam identifier at the first moment. Alternatively, the first indication is used to instruct the terminal device to interrupt its beam. The first indication includes a first moment and a first device identifier, wherein the device corresponding to the first device identifier is different from the terminal device. After sending the first indication, the method further includes: performing relay communication with the terminal device through the device corresponding to the first device identifier at the first moment.

[0042] The second aspect is the implementation on the network device side, which corresponds to the first aspect. The explanations, supplements, and descriptions of the beneficial effects of the first aspect also apply to the second aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0043] Thirdly, a communication device is provided, comprising a processing module and a communication module. This communication device is used to perform the methods provided in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0044] Fourthly, a communication device is provided, which includes a communication module. This communication device is used to perform the methods provided in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0045] The third and fourth aspects are the implementation on the device side corresponding to the first and second aspects. The explanations, supplements, and descriptions of the beneficial effects of the first and second aspects also apply to the third and fourth aspects, and will not be repeated here.

[0046] Fifthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any possible implementation of the first aspect described above. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0047] In one implementation, the communication interface can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0048] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip configured in the terminal device. When the communication device is a chip configured in the terminal device, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0049] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, including a processor. The processor is coupled to a memory and can be used to execute instructions or data in the memory to implement the method in any possible implementation of the second aspect described above. Optionally, the communication device further includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device further includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0050] In one implementation, the communication interface can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface.

[0051] In another implementation, the communication device is a chip configured in a satellite. When the communication device is a chip configured in a satellite, the communication interface can be an input / output interface.

[0052] In a seventh aspect, a processor is provided, comprising: an input circuit, an output circuit, and a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive signals through the input circuit and transmit signals through the output circuit, causing the processor to execute a method in any possible implementation of any aspect.

[0053] In specific implementation, the processor can be one or more chips, the input circuit can be input pins, the output circuit can be output pins, and the processing circuit can be transistors, gate circuits, flip-flops, and various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit can be received and input by, for example, but not limited to, a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit can be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. Furthermore, the input circuit and the output circuit can be the same circuit, which is used as both the input circuit and the output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0054] Eighthly, a communication device is provided, including a processor and a memory. The processor is used to read instructions stored in the memory, receive signals via a receiver, and transmit signals via a transmitter to execute the method in any possible implementation of any of the preceding aspects.

[0055] Optionally, the processor may be one or more, and the memory may be one or more.

[0056] Ninthly, a computer program product is provided, comprising: a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run, causes a computer to perform a method in any possible implementation of any of the preceding aspects.

[0057] In a tenth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided that stores a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods in any possible implementation of any of the preceding aspects.

[0058] Eleventhly, embodiments of this application provide a chip system including one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, causing the methods in any of the above aspects or possible implementations to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0059] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0060] In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, including the aforementioned terminal device and network device. Optionally, the communication system may further include other devices that communicate with the terminal device and / or network device. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a vehicle network provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0064] Figure 4 A logical schematic diagram of a joint prediction model provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0065] Figure 5A schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B; the term "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone.

[0068] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish different objects and not to describe a specific order. In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0069] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0070] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] The technical solutions provided in this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) systems, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems, sidelink communication systems, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication systems, non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication systems, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, or new radio access technology (NR). Among these, 5G mobile communication systems can include non-standalone (NSA) and / or standalone (SA) networking. The technical solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems. This application does not limit the scope of these applications.

[0072] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication system 100 may include network devices, such as... Figure 1 The network device 110 is shown. The communication system 100 may also include terminal devices, such as... Figure 1 The terminal device 120 shown. The network device 110 and the terminal device 120 can communicate via a wireless link.

[0073] Figure 1 An exemplary network device 110 and a terminal device 120 are shown. Optionally, the communication system 100 may also include multiple network devices and / or multiple terminal devices.

[0074] The network equipment in this application can be network-side equipment such as access network equipment and core network equipment. Access network equipment is sometimes also called access node. Access network equipment has wireless transceiver capabilities and is used to communicate with terminals. Access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, base stations, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs) in the above-mentioned communication systems, next-generation NodeBs (gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in open RAN (ORAN) systems, satellites in NTN communication systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. Access network equipment can also be modules or units that can implement some of the functions of a base station. Access network equipment can be macro base stations, micro base stations or indoor stations, relay nodes or donor nodes, or wireless controllers in cloud radioaccess network (CRAN) scenarios. Optionally, access network equipment can also be servers, wearable devices, or vehicle-mounted equipment, etc. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in a communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. Base stations can communicate with terminals directly or via relay stations. Terminals can communicate with multiple base stations using different access technologies. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the access network equipment. In this application, the access network equipment is referred to as a network device.

[0075] In this application, the means for implementing the functions of a network device can be a network device itself, or a means capable of supporting the network device in implementing those functions, such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system. This means can be installed in or connected to the network device. In the technical solutions provided in this application, the example of a network device being used to implement the functions of a network device is used to describe the technical solutions provided in this application.

[0076] The terminal device in this application can be a wireless terminal device capable of receiving network device scheduling and instruction information. The wireless terminal device can be a device providing voice and / or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device with wireless connectivity, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. For example, the terminal device can communicate with one or more core networks or the Internet via a radio access network (RAN). The terminal device can also be referred to as a terminal, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, or satellite communication, etc. The terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable device, vehicle, aircraft (such as drone, helicopter, airplane), hot air balloon, ship, robot, robotic arm, or smart home device, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the form of the terminal device.

[0077] In this application, the apparatus for implementing the functions of a terminal device can be the terminal device itself, or any apparatus capable of supporting the terminal device in implementing those functions, such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system. This apparatus can be installed in or connected to the terminal device. In the technical solutions provided in this application, the example of a terminal device being used to implement the functions of a terminal device is used to describe the technical solutions provided in this application.

[0078] Access network equipment and / or terminal equipment can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. This application does not limit the application scenarios of the access network equipment and terminal equipment. They can be deployed in the same or different scenarios; for example, both can be deployed on land simultaneously; or the access network equipment can be deployed on land while the terminal equipment is deployed on water, etc., and so on.

[0079] In practical applications, multiple network devices can collaborate to assist terminals in achieving wireless access, with different network devices each implementing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, network devices can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CUs (control planes, CPs), CUs (user planes, UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0080] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (Open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software and hardware modules. CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, and RU can implement different protocol layer functions.

[0081] In this application, as Figure 1 The communication system shown can also be applied to vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks.

[0082] For example, the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) can be a technological system for vehicles to interact with other entities in the surrounding environment in real time via wireless communication. These other entities can include vehicles, communication devices, people, networks, etc. In the IoV, the vehicle can be a terminal device, or the vehicle can be equipped with a terminal device or a corresponding communication device, chip, etc.

[0083] In some examples, vehicles can communicate with each other via vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V); vehicles can communicate with communication devices via vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I); vehicles can communicate with people via vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P); and vehicles can communicate with networks via vehicle-to-network (V2N), etc. These communication scenarios can all be included within the scope of the Internet of Vehicles (IoV).

[0084] refer to Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) network provided in an embodiment of this application. The example uses an urban road scenario.

[0085] like Figure 2 As shown, this urban road scene can include static objects such as buildings (e.g., building 1, building 2, building 3, etc.) and trees. It can also include dynamic objects such as pedestrians.

[0086] The urban road scene can also include multiple vehicles (such as vehicle 1, vehicle 2, vehicle 3, vehicle 4, vehicle 5, etc.).

[0087] In this application, vehicles traveling on the road can be classified into connected vehicles and non-connected vehicles based on whether they have the ability to wirelessly interact with base stations. In some examples, the connected vehicle may also possess sensing capabilities. For instance, the connected vehicle may be equipped with sensing components such as radar and sensors. Through these sensing components, the connected vehicle can perceive and measure information about other objects in its vicinity (such as non-connected vehicles).

[0088] Combination Figure 1 The description in the text states that, in some examples, connected vehicles can correspond to, for example... Figure 1 Terminal devices in [the context]. In other examples, such as [examples of terminal devices]. Figure 1 The chips and devices corresponding to the terminal equipment shown can be installed in connected vehicles.

[0089] The base station can use beam / cell to target such... Figure 2 The urban road scene shown is covered by wireless technology. Therefore, connected vehicles can cooperate with base stations to conduct vehicle-to-everything (V2X) wireless communication via beamforming.

[0090] For example, Figure 2 In the example, vehicle 1, vehicle 2, and vehicle 5 can be networked vehicles capable of V2X communication with the base station. For example, Figure 2 In the example, vehicle 3 and vehicle 4 can be non-networked vehicles.

[0091] Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can enhance traffic safety, efficiency, and autonomous driving capabilities. With the evolution of wireless communication technologies, in 5G and 6th generation (6G) mobile communication systems, V2X can provide ultra-low latency and ultra-high reliability communication through the high-frequency bands corresponding to millimeter waves and terahertz waves. This, in turn, supports Level 4 autonomous driving (L4) and Level 5 autonomous driving (L5) autonomous driving and intelligent transportation systems.

[0092] In the deployment of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) networks, high-frequency bands (such as millimeter waves and terahertz) are widely used for signal transmission. To overcome path loss during signal transmission, large-scale antenna arrays (such as multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)) can be used to form high-gain, narrow-width beams for communication.

[0093] While this narrow beam can significantly improve signal strength and spectral efficiency, it also presents corresponding problems. For example, the narrow beam is extremely sensitive to obstruction and scattering, making it difficult to guarantee link stability in complex environments and under vehicle dynamics, and it lacks proactive avoidance methods.

[0094] Currently, beam prediction technology can be used to provide candidate directions and switching windows before communication link degradation occurs, achieving lower latency and higher reliability, and significantly reducing the risk of beam failure and interruption.

[0095] Take a connected vehicle as an example.

[0096] This beam prediction technology can include: a vehicle reporting its location to a network device (such as a base station). Based on historical data and the vehicle's reported location, the base station determines the beams the vehicle can use in the future. The historical data can include one or more locations within the base station's coverage area, and corresponding beams used by one or more vehicles. The base station can then distribute the determined beams to the vehicle, enabling the vehicle to conduct V2X communication with the base station via the beams indicated by the base station in the future.

[0097] Based on this beam prediction technology, vehicles can know in advance which beams will be available for a period of time in the future. However, this beam prediction technology relies on historical data, which cannot fully reflect the vehicle's current environment (e.g., ...). Figure 2 Dynamic or static obstructions in urban road scenes or other vehicle driving scenes (as shown).

[0098] For example, dynamic occlusions can include other vehicles traveling nearby or dynamic objects (such as pedestrians). Similarly, static occlusions can include temporary roadside facilities near the vehicle, parked vehicles, or static objects (such as...). Figure 2 Buildings 1 to 3 in the middle, etc.

[0099] Thus, the beam determined based on historical data may be blocked by the aforementioned dynamic or static obstructions. This can lead to problems such as beam failure recovery (BFR) triggered due to poor communication quality and beam switching lag / failure when vehicles use the beam indicated by the base station for communication.

[0100] In other words, the beam prediction results obtained based on existing beam prediction schemes suffer from low accuracy. V2X communication based on these beam prediction results also suffers from poor link reliability.

[0101] In view of this, this application provides a communication method that enables network devices to cooperate with terminal devices to accurately predict beamwidth for the terminal device based on the predicted trajectory path and considering obstructions from static objects, connected vehicles, and non-connected vehicles. Based on the beamwidth prediction results, the method instructs the terminal device to perform corresponding beam switching or beam interruption. This improves the accuracy of beamwidth prediction and thus enhances the reliability of V2X communication links.

[0102] As explained above, in this application, vehicles can be classified as connected vehicles or non-connected vehicles based on whether they have wireless communication capabilities.

[0103] In other examples, vehicles can be categorized by type, including Type 1 vehicles, Type 2 vehicles, and Type 3 vehicles.

[0104] The first type of vehicle can be a large, tall, obstructive vehicle. This type of vehicle is characterized by its height (e.g., greater than 3m), large size, and dense metal structure, which can easily cause complete blockage of line-of-sight (LOS) links and significantly alter the multipath propagation environment.

[0105] For example, the first type of vehicles may include: buses, heavy-duty construction vehicles, heavy-duty trucks / tractor-trailers, container carriers, etc.

[0106] The second type of vehicle can be a medium-sized conventional passenger car. This type of vehicle is characterized by a medium height (e.g., 1.4m to 1.8m), a metal body, but a limited volume. This type of vehicle will cause partial beam obstruction, potentially leading to partial shading or multipath scattering.

[0107] For example, the second type of vehicle can include: sedan, SUV (sport utility vehicle), MPV (multi-purpose vehicle), hatchback, crossover, etc.

[0108] The third type of vehicle can be a small / low-profile, unobstructed vehicle. This type of vehicle is characterized by its low profile (e.g., less than 1.4m), small size, and high proportion of non-metallic components. It exhibits low high-frequency beam penetration loss and weak obstruction effect.

[0109] For example, the third type of vehicle may include: mini electric vehicles, motorcycles / e-bikes, autonomous delivery robots, and e-scooters.

[0110] For target vehicles requiring beam prediction, vehicles that may block the target vehicle's beam can be called blocking vehicles. Other vehicles are considered non-blocking vehicles.

[0111] In some examples, the obscured vehicle can be a vehicle, and / or the obscured vehicle can be a non-networked vehicle.

[0112] In other examples, the obscured vehicle can be a vehicle of the first type and / or the second type as described above.

[0113] It should be noted that the above classification of vehicles is merely an example. In other examples, the classification methods and results based on vehicle function and size may differ from the examples described above. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0114] The solution provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the corresponding flowcharts. It is understood that the illustrative flowcharts provided in this application primarily use different devices (e.g., terminal devices, network devices) as examples of the execution subjects of this interactive illustration to illustrate the method, but this application does not limit the execution subjects of the interactive illustrations. For example, the devices (e.g., terminal devices, network devices) in the illustrative flowcharts can also be chips, chip systems, or processors that support the implementation of this method on the device, or logic modules or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the device.

[0115] As a general statement, the message or signaling interactions involved in the interaction process of this application embodiment can be standard messages or signaling or newly introduced messages or signaling. This application embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0116] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 The scheme shown can be applied to, for example Figure 1 In the communication system shown, or, the Figure 3 The scheme shown can be applied to, for example Figure 2 The communication scenario of the Internet of Vehicles shown.

[0117] Understandable. Figure 3 The terminal device in the middle can be Figure 1 Any terminal device in the context of network equipment can refer to any component within that terminal device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system). Network equipment can be... Figure 1 Any access network device, or a device within an access network device (such as a processor, chip, or chip system).

[0118] by Figure 3 The scheme shown is applied to Figure 2 The following is an example of a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) scenario. Figure 3 The terminal devices (such as the first terminal and the second terminal) can be Figure 2 Any connected vehicle, or any terminal device within a connected vehicle. In the following description, we will use an example where both the first and second terminals are connected vehicles. Figure 3 The network devices in the middle can be Figure 2 Base stations in the region.

[0119] like Figure 3 As shown, the communication method may include:

[0120] S301, The first terminal sends its first information to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the first information from the first terminal.

[0121] S302, the second terminal sends its first information to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the second terminal's first information.

[0122] The first piece of information may include at least one of the following: vehicle information, location information, and link quality information.

[0123] Vehicle information may include at least one of the following parameters: vehicle identification, vehicle type, and vehicle size.

[0124] A vehicle identifier can be used to uniquely identify the current vehicle. For example, a vehicle identifier may include a vehicle ID.

[0125] In some embodiments, a vehicle identifier may be associated with a vehicle. Different vehicles have different vehicle identifiers.

[0126] In other embodiments, the vehicle identifier can be a temporary identifier configured by the network device for the vehicle. For example, when a vehicle enters the coverage area of ​​the network device and establishes a communication connection with the network device, the network device can configure a temporary identifier for each vehicle within the coverage area. This temporary identifier can be a temporary identifier configured by the access network device for the vehicle, or a temporary identifier configured by the core network device for the vehicle. This application does not impose any limitations on this.

[0127] The vehicle type can indicate whether the vehicle corresponding to this machine is of the first type, second type, or third type mentioned above.

[0128] Vehicle dimensions can also be referred to as geometric information.

[0129] In some embodiments, geometric information may include the length, width, and height dimensions of the corresponding vehicle.

[0130] In other embodiments, the geometric information may indicate the size class corresponding to the size of the vehicle. For example, the size class corresponding to the vehicle size, ordered from largest to smallest, may include large, medium, small, etc.

[0131] In some examples, vehicle information can be preset in the vehicle or the vehicle's terminal device.

[0132] The location information in the first piece of information is used to indicate the current location of the vehicle.

[0133] In some embodiments, location information can be represented by absolute coordinates such as latitude and longitude. In other embodiments, location information can be represented by the relative position between the terminal device and the network device.

[0134] As one possible implementation, vehicles can obtain location information through the GNSS module configured in the vehicle.

[0135] The link quality information in the first piece of information can indicate the current communication quality between the terminal device and the network device.

[0136] For example, wireless link quality information may include the beam information currently used by the terminal device, and the quality information corresponding to that beam.

[0137] The quality information corresponding to the beam can be represented by at least one of the following parameters: reference signal received power (RSRP), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

[0138] In this application, one or more networked vehicles within the coverage area of ​​the network device can send first information to the network device so that the network device can perform beam prediction on the one or more networked vehicles based on the first information.

[0139] In some examples, the terminal device may send initial information to the network device upon first accessing the current cell / network device. This initial information may include the aforementioned vehicle information, location information, and link quality information. The vehicle information may include vehicle identifier, vehicle type, and vehicle size.

[0140] In other examples, if the accessing cell / network device is one that the terminal device has previously accessed, first information is sent to the network device. This first information may include the aforementioned vehicle information, location information, and link quality information. The vehicle information may include a vehicle identifier.

[0141] In other examples, when the terminal device has already established a communication connection with the network device, it can send the first information to the network device according to a preset first cycle or other preset strategy, or under the instruction of the network device.

[0142] Based on similar logic to S301-S302, other terminal devices within the network device's coverage area that are different from the first and second terminals can also send their corresponding first information to the network device.

[0143] Combination Figure 2 In the example, the first terminal can be any one of vehicle 1, vehicle 2, or vehicle 5. The second terminal can be any one of vehicle 1, vehicle 2, or vehicle 5. The first terminal and the second terminal are different.

[0144] In this way, vehicles 1, 2, and 5 can send their first information to the network device through steps S301 or S302.

[0145] Therefore, based on the first information received, the network device can determine the location of one or more terminal devices at the current time (e.g., T0), the quality of the beam used, and the type of vehicle corresponding to the terminal device.

[0146] S303. The network device sends the second information to the first terminal. Correspondingly, the first terminal receives the second information.

[0147] S304. The network device sends the second information to the second terminal. Correspondingly, the second terminal receives the second information.

[0148] The second information may include information about the obstructed vehicle. As explained above, the obstructed vehicle may be a first type and / or a second type of vehicle.

[0149] Based on the descriptions in S301-S302, network devices can obtain first information about one or more terminal devices within their coverage area.

[0150] In this way, network devices can generate second information based on first information from one or more terminal devices.

[0151] For example, the second information may include information about the first type and / or the second type of terminal device. It should be understood that this second information can be generated based on the first information. Thus, the obstructed vehicles indicated by the second information can all be connected vehicles.

[0152] In some embodiments, the second information may include at least one of the following: location information and vehicle identification of a terminal device of the first type of vehicle; location information and vehicle identification of a terminal device of the second type of vehicle.

[0153] Combination Figure 2 Examples are provided. Taking vehicle type 1 as the first type and vehicle type 5 as the second type as an example.

[0154] The second piece of information may include information about vehicle 1 and vehicle 5.

[0155] In some examples, network devices can send the second information via broadcast. In other examples, network devices can send the second information via RRC, MAC CE, etc.

[0156] S305, The first terminal predicts the trajectory information of the local machine.

[0157] S306, The second terminal predicts the trajectory information of the local machine.

[0158] For example, the trajectory information can be predicted trajectory information. The trajectory information can indicate the location of the local machine over a period of time. For example, this period of time can include: a time range between T0 and T1. T0 is the current system time. The time difference between T1 and T0 is a first duration, where T1 is later than T0. The first duration can be a preset duration or a duration indicated by the network device.

[0159] As one possible implementation, the trajectory information may include the local machine's continuous location information within the time range between T0 and T1.

[0160] As another possible implementation, the trajectory information can include the local machine's location information based on a time-domain step size within the time range between T0 and T1. The time-domain step size can be preset or configured by the network device. For example, T0 to T1 can also include T2. The time difference between T0 and T2 is a preset step size, and the time difference between T2 and T1 is also a preset step size. Thus, the predicted trajectory information can include the location information for T2 and the location information for T1.

[0161] Using the examples from S305-S306, each connected vehicle within the coverage area of ​​the network device can predict its own trajectory information.

[0162] In different examples, the triggering mechanism for predicting the trajectory information of the local machine can be different.

[0163] In some examples, after establishing a connection with the network device, the terminal device can trigger the prediction of its own trajectory information according to a preset second cycle.

[0164] In other examples, the terminal device can trigger the prediction of its own trajectory information upon receiving an instruction from the network device.

[0165] The following example illustrates the specific implementation of trajectory information prediction for terminal devices (such as the first terminal and the second terminal).

[0166] In some embodiments, the terminal device can predict its own trajectory information based on at least one of the following:

[0167] Local location, history, navigation information, and interaction information with surrounding vehicles.

[0168] The local location refers to the location of the terminal device at the current time (T0).

[0169] The historical record can include trajectory information of the machine within a first duration, based on its last arrival at the current location. For example, the time before T0 can include Tb1. At Tb1, the machine's location is the same as at T0. The historical record can include the machine's trajectory information within the corresponding time domain range from Tb1 to Tb2. Tb2 is earlier than T0, and the time difference between Tb2 and Tb1 is the first duration.

[0170] Navigation information can be provided by navigation applications installed on the terminal device, and is currently in use.

[0171] Interaction information with surrounding vehicles can indicate the speed, location, and other information of one or more vehicles in the vicinity. In some examples, the terminal device can use sensors, radar, and other sensing components installed on its own to measure vehicles within the effective range of these sensing components, thereby obtaining interaction information with surrounding vehicles.

[0172] It should be understood that the interaction information of the surrounding vehicles is obtained by local measurement, therefore the surrounding vehicles may include connected vehicles and / or non-connected vehicles.

[0173] As one possible implementation, let's take the example of a terminal device predicting its own trajectory information based on its local location and interaction information with surrounding vehicles.

[0174] Terminal devices can predict their own trajectory information by using a configured long short-term memory (LSTM)-graph neural network (GNN) model.

[0175] For example, a terminal device can obtain local information through a GNSS module. Location information.

[0176] The identifier is The location information of the terminal device can be represented by formula (1):

[0177] Formula (1): .

[0178] in This indicates the lateral offset of the machine. This indicates the longitudinal offset of the machine. Indicates the speed of the machine. This indicates the acceleration of the machine.

[0179] Furthermore, based on the position information at time t expressed by formula (1), with a step size of... The historical time-location sequence of the local machine can be represented by the following formula (2):

[0180] Formula (2): .

[0181] Terminal devices can Input the LSTM network. This allows the terminal device to process data based on the cyclic structure of the LSTM network. Encode the historical information into a hidden state feature vector that includes the dynamic patterns of the local machine. Thus, through the hidden state feature vector This represents the timing-dependent characteristics of local machine movement.

[0182] For example, hidden state feature vector It can be expressed by the following formula (3):

[0183] Formula (3): .

[0184] In determining the interaction information with surrounding vehicles, the terminal device can collect status data of surrounding vehicles through sensing components such as sensors and radar, and then model the interaction relationship at the current moment as a dynamic graph. .

[0185] This animated image It can be expressed by the following formula (4):

[0186] Formula (4): .

[0187] in . At different times, different terminal devices are indicated. Indicates terminal device and Is there spatial interaction between them? This represents a preset distance threshold used to determine whether interaction occurs between the two vehicles, thereby forming a terminal device. Interactive vehicle collection .

[0188] Next, the terminal device can use a GNN network to converge and fuse its own features with the features of the interactive vehicle set to obtain the fusion result. For example, this process can be represented by the following formula (5):

[0189] Formula (5): .

[0190] Terminal devices can also Input the fully connected network, and then use this fully connected network to predict the step size. terminal equipment Future movement trajectory The future trajectory of motion. It can be described by the following formula (6):

[0191] Formula (6): .

[0192] Based on this example, any terminal device (such as the first terminal, the second terminal, etc.) can obtain the predicted trajectory information corresponding to its own device. .

[0193] S307. The first terminal sends its predicted trajectory information to the network device, and the network device receives the predicted trajectory information from the first terminal.

[0194] S308. The second terminal sends its predicted trajectory information to the network device, and the network device receives the predicted trajectory information from the second terminal.

[0195] For example, the first terminal, the second terminal, and other networked devices can report the predicted trajectory information to the network device after predicting and obtaining the trajectory information of their own devices.

[0196] Therefore, through S307-S308, the network device can obtain the location information of each networked device between T0 and T1. T0 is the current time, and T1 is later than T0.

[0197] S309. The first terminal performs occlusion detection to determine the third information corresponding to the first terminal.

[0198] S310, The second terminal performs occlusion detection and determines the third information corresponding to the second terminal.

[0199] For example, the third information may include information about a non-networked obstructing vehicle corresponding to the terminal device. This obstructing vehicle refers to a vehicle that may block the beam used by the terminal device for communication, typically a large nearby vehicle (i.e., a first-type and / or second-type vehicle). The large vehicle can be of the first-type and / or second-type vehicle.

[0200] In some examples, the third information may include at least one of the following: information of at least one non-networked obstructing vehicle:

[0201] Vehicle type, speed information, location information.

[0202] In this example, terminal devices (such as a first terminal, a second terminal, etc.) can acquire information about vehicles in the vicinity of their own premises using sensors (such as radar, image sensors, etc.). For example, the range near the premises can correspond to the effective measurement range of the sensors. Vehicle information may include vehicle dimensions, etc.

[0203] The terminal device can also identify large vehicles in the vicinity based on information about nearby vehicles. In some examples, the terminal device may be configured with a vehicle category library, which can include a mapping between the vehicle size and vehicle category of one or more vehicles.

[0204] Therefore, the terminal device can compare vehicle information according to the vehicle category database to obtain the vehicle type of vehicles near it. Based on this, the terminal device can filter vehicles of type 1 and / or type 2 from the vehicle types of vehicles near it as large vehicles.

[0205] It should be understood that the large vehicles identified in this way near the local area can include both connected and non-connected vehicles.

[0206] In this example, the terminal device can filter and obtain third information corresponding to itself based on the second information obtained in S303-S304 and the information of large vehicles near the device. This third information may include information about large, non-networked vehicles near the device.

[0207] As an example, a terminal device can use a beam occlusion detection model that integrates multimodal data fusion to perform the aforementioned occlusion detection, thereby determining the corresponding third information for itself.

[0208] In some implementations, the beam obstruction detection model may include the YOLOv8n model.

[0209] The terminal device can acquire road scene images through its built-in sensors. Based on these images and a local vehicle category database, the terminal device can determine the detection results for occluded vehicles. .Should It can be expressed by the following formula (7):

[0210] Formula (7): .

[0211] in Indicates the first The vehicle type of each vehicle, Indicates the first The two-dimensional border information of each vehicle. This two-dimensional border information can correspond to the vehicle's dimensions.

[0212] In addition, the terminal device can acquire point cloud data of surrounding vehicles in real time via radar, and downsample and remove ground points from the point cloud data. This allows the terminal device to perform clustering operations on the remaining point cloud data based on point cloud distance metrics, separating different vehicles into different point cloud clusters.

[0213] Terminal devices can utilize image spatial semantic information and physical spatial location information to construct a correlation metric based on the cosine distance of the target visual feature vector and the intersection-union ratio of the target's three-dimensional space, so as to achieve cross-frame correlation and tracking of the same target.

[0214] In some implementations, the terminal device can use cosine distance to characterize the similarity of visual features extracted from two targets. .Should It can be expressed by the following formula (8):

[0215] Formula (8): .

[0216] in, and These represent the feature vectors extracted from the two targets, respectively. The numerical value of the dimension.

[0217] Terminal devices can also characterize the spatial correlation of adjacent frames with the same target based on the intersection-union ratio in three-dimensional space. .Should It can be expressed by the following formula (9):

[0218] Formula (9): .

[0219] in, and These represent the volumes of the intersection and union of the two targets, respectively.

[0220] Terminal devices can construct correlation metrics based on the cosine distance of feature vectors and the intersection-union ratio of the target's three-dimensional space. .Should It can be expressed by the following formula (10):

[0221] Formula (10): .

[0222] in, These are preset coefficients. It can be used for balancing and The scale difference.

[0223] Thus, by using the above formulas (8) to (10), the terminal device can determine the position information of the obstructing vehicle near the device relative to the device.

[0224] After tracking an obstructed vehicle, the terminal device can associate the same target in different frames and then calculate the velocity information of the obstructed vehicle relative to the device based on its three-dimensional displacement. This speed information It can be expressed by the following formula (11):

[0225] Formula (11): .

[0226] in, and These represent the axial and lateral velocities of the obstructing vehicle relative to the machine, respectively. Indicates the time interval between consecutive frames. This indicates the angle between the direction of the obstructed vehicle's speed and the lateral direction of the terminal equipment. , , and These represent the location information of the same occluded vehicle in the current frame and the previous frame, respectively.

[0227] Therefore, by using formula (11), the terminal device can determine the speed information of the obstructing vehicle near the device relative to the device.

[0228] It should be understood that the obstructed vehicles near the local machine obtained thereby include both non-connected and connected vehicles.

[0229] Therefore, the terminal device can filter out the vehicles indicated by the second information from the obstructed vehicles near the device based on the received second information, and then obtain information about the non-networked obstructed vehicles near the device (i.e., the third information).

[0230] For example, the third information may include occlusion detection information. Occlusion detection information It can be expressed by the following formula (12):

[0231] Formula (12): .

[0232] in, This indicates the vehicle type for non-connected vehicles. This indicates the location information of non-networked vehicles. This indicates the speed information of non-networked vehicles. This indicates the number of non-connected vehicles.

[0233] Therefore, each connected vehicle (such as the first terminal and the second terminal) can perform the corresponding occlusion detection according to the above scheme, and then determine the corresponding third information.

[0234] S311, The first terminal sends its third information to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the third information from the first terminal.

[0235] S312, The second terminal sends its third information to the network device. Correspondingly, the network device receives the third information from the second terminal.

[0236] Based on the descriptions in S309-S310, the first terminal can obtain the corresponding occlusion detection information. Therefore, the first terminal can detect the occlusion information corresponding to the first terminal. The information is sent to the network device. The network device can then use the occlusion detection information from the first terminal to make adjustments. The vehicle type, speed information, and location information of the obstructed vehicles among the non-networked vehicles near the first terminal are determined.

[0237] Similarly, the first terminal can obtain the occlusion detection information corresponding to its own device. Therefore, the second terminal can then transmit the occlusion detection information corresponding to the second terminal. The information is sent to the network device. The network device can then use the occlusion detection information from the second terminal to make adjustments. The system determines the vehicle type, speed information, and location information of the obstructed vehicles among the non-networked vehicles near the second terminal.

[0238] Similarly, other connected vehicles can also send obstruction detection information to the network device. The network device can then determine information about non-connected vehicles obstructing the view of each connected vehicle.

[0239] Thus, through S301-S302 described above, the network device can acquire information about each connected vehicle. Through S303-S308 described above, the network device can acquire the predicted trajectory information of each connected vehicle. Through S309-S312 described above, the network device can acquire information about non-connected vehicles among the obstructing vehicles near each connected vehicle.

[0240] Based on this, network devices can combine the first information, trajectory information, and third information already acquired to perform efficient beam prediction for any one or more networked vehicles.

[0241] In the following example, the first terminal is taken as the terminal that needs beam prediction. The network device can perform beam prediction for the first terminal based on the following steps. It should be understood that, based on a similar implementation, the network device can also perform beam prediction for any other terminal device within the coverage area, the details of which will not be elaborated here.

[0242] S313, Network devices perform global information fusion.

[0243] For example, a network device can perform global information fusion on various information reported by connected vehicles and the static environment database stored locally, thereby obtaining global information within the coverage area of ​​the network device.

[0244] The local static environment database can include information such as the location of fixed objects (like the static objects mentioned above) within the network device's coverage area. For example, this static environment database can be... express.

[0245] The information reported by connected vehicles can include primary information, trajectory information, and secondary information.

[0246] The first information may include vehicle information, location information, and / or link quality information of each connected vehicle. The first information is derived from... For example, let's take this as an example.

[0247] Track information may include The third piece of information may include occlusion detection information. .

[0248] Thus, the information obtained by the network devices from each connected vehicle can be represented as .

[0249] In some examples, network devices can synchronize the first information, trajectory information, and third information in time, thereby aligning and synchronizing the information reported by each terminal device in the time domain.

[0250] Therefore, network devices can access static environment databases. and from terminal devices By integrating the data, we can obtain global information about all objects within the coverage area of ​​the network devices.

[0251] For example, the global information may include vehicle information for each connected vehicle within the coverage area. The global information may also include the location information and link quality information of each connected vehicle at the current time (T0), and the vehicle type, speed information, and location information of non-connected vehicles obstructing the network near each connected vehicle. The global information may also include predicted trajectory information for each connected vehicle between T0 and a future time T1. The global information may also include information such as the location of static objects within the network device's coverage area.

[0252] S314. The network device filters related information from the global information based on the trajectory information.

[0253] For example, consider the beam prediction performed by a network device on a first terminal. That is, the device to be predicted is the first terminal.

[0254] In this way, network devices can filter out the associated information corresponding to the first terminal from the global information based on the predicted trajectory information reported by the first terminal.

[0255] The associated information may include static environmental information for each of the one or more target locations, as well as reference information for vehicles that are obstructing the view.

[0256] The target location may include the location of the first terminal at various times between T0 and the future T1.

[0257] The static environment information corresponding to the target location may include the identifiers and location information of static objects existing within a range that is less than a preset distance from the target location.

[0258] The obstructing vehicle can be a vehicle of type 1 and / or type 2. The obstructing vehicle can include connected vehicles and / or non-connected vehicles. The reference information for the obstructing vehicle can include at least one of the following: location information, vehicle type, speed information, the beam ID used, and the link quality information of the beam used.

[0259] For example, the network device can predict the trajectory of the first terminal. The system filters spatiotemporally relevant information from the global information. This relevant information can be represented as follows: .in, This represents static environmental information at one or more target locations corresponding to the first terminal. This represents the reference information for the obstructing vehicle n at each of the one or more target locations corresponding to the first terminal. This represents the beam ID that blocks vehicle n.

[0260] S315. The network device obtains the beam prediction result of the first terminal based on the associated information.

[0261] As described in S314, the associated information determined by the network device This can include information about various objects that may affect the terminal device to be predicted (such as the first terminal), including static objects on the predicted trajectory path, network-connected vehicles blocking the path, and non-network-connected vehicles blocking the path. In this way, the network device can determine whether there are obstructions on the predicted trajectory path based on the associated information, thereby enabling beam prediction for the first terminal.

[0262] For example, a network device may be configured with a joint prediction model based on multi-task learning to perform occlusion prediction and beam prediction based on the predicted trajectory information of the first terminal.

[0263] Figure 4 This is a logical diagram of a joint prediction model provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0264] like Figure 4 As shown, the joint prediction model may include a shared encoder, an occlusion prediction decoder, and a beam prediction module.

[0265] Shared encoders can be used to extract common features from associated information. For example, a shared encoder can include an LSTM model.

[0266] A shared encoder can be continuously operated by the first terminal. Relationship information at each moment As input, general features that contribute to both occlusion prediction and beam prediction are extracted, and then general features are output.

[0267] For example, the function for a shared encoder is Then the general feature can be expressed as .

[0268] The general features can be input into the occlusion prediction decoder. After processing by the occlusion prediction decoder, the output is a binary classification result indicating whether occlusion exists.

[0269] For example, the loss function of the occlusion prediction decoder is the binary cross-loss function. This function can be represented by the following formula (13).

[0270] Formula (13): .

[0271] in, This represents the output of the occlusion prediction decoder. This is used to represent the occlusion of the truth label.

[0272] Based on the description of the general feature, this general feature can be a function of T. That is, the general feature can include the general feature corresponding to each of the T time points.

[0273] Thus, the output of occlusion prediction based on general features can also include the binary classification result (such as whether there is occlusion) for each of the T time points.

[0274] The occlusion prediction result (whether it is occluded or not) can be input into the beam prediction module. The beam prediction module can also obtain general features from the shared encoder. In this way, the beam prediction module can obtain the beam prediction result based on the occlusion prediction result and the general features.

[0275] For example, a beam prediction decoder can take general features and occlusion prediction results as inputs and output a classification result. The loss function of the beam prediction decoder can be a cross loss function, which is expressed by the following formula (14).

[0276] Formula (14): .

[0277] in, The fractional vector output by the beam prediction decoder. Represents the true optimal beam index. This is represented as the beam codebook size.

[0278] Therefore, based on the above example, the network device can determine the beam prediction result of the first terminal according to the associated information. This beam prediction result can indicate the available beams of the first terminal at a first moment, or it can indicate that the first terminal has no available beams at a first moment.

[0279] The available beam information may include the identifier of the unobstructed beam at the first location. The first location is the position of the first terminal at the first moment. The first moment is the time between the current moment (T0) and T1 after the first duration.

[0280] In some examples, the beam prediction results indicate the available beams of the first terminal at a first moment.

[0281] In this example, the network device can determine that the terminal device has an unobstructed available beam (such as the first beam) at the first moment.

[0282] In this way, network devices can perform actions such as Figure 3 S316a in the example.

[0283] like Figure 3 As shown in S316a, the network device can send a beam switching instruction to the first terminal. For example, the network device can send a beam switching instruction to the first terminal before a first moment. The beam switching instruction is used to instruct the first terminal to use the first beam for communication at the first moment.

[0284] Correspondingly, the first terminal can switch to using the first beam to communicate with the network device before the first moment.

[0285] In other examples, the beam prediction results indicate that the first terminal has no available beam at the first moment.

[0286] In this example, the network device can determine, through the execution of S315, that all beams are blocked when the terminal device is in the first position at the first moment. Then, the network device can execute S316b.

[0287] The network device can send a beam interruption indication to the first terminal. This beam interruption indication can instruct the first terminal to communicate with the network device via bridging / relay at the first moment.

[0288] In some examples, the beam interruption indicator may also include the device identifier of the second terminal. Thus, the first terminal can use the second terminal as a relay node based on the beam interruption indicator, thereby enabling relay communication with network devices through the second terminal.

[0289] In other examples, the network device can also send a relay indication to the second terminal. This relay indication is used to instruct the second terminal to act as a relay node and communicate with the first terminal at a first moment.

[0290] Therefore, at any given moment, when the first terminal needs to send uplink data, it can send uplink data to the second terminal. The second terminal can then forward this uplink data to the network device. This allows the first terminal to relay communication with the network device through the second terminal. Similarly, at any given moment, when the network device needs to send downlink data, it can send downlink data to the second terminal. The second terminal can then forward this downlink data to the first terminal. This allows the first terminal to relay communication with the network device through the second terminal.

[0291] It should be noted that, Figure 3 The provided solution logic is for illustrative purposes only. Figure 3 There is no restriction on the order of the steps.

[0292] For example, taking the first terminal as an example, the first terminal can execute S309 after obtaining the second information through S304, and then obtain the third information based on the second information. Correspondingly, the trajectory prediction and transmission steps corresponding to S305 and S307 can be executed before receiving the second information (e.g., after executing S301); or, the trajectory prediction and transmission steps corresponding to S305 and S307 can also be executed after receiving the second information and before obtaining the third information (e.g., after executing S301). Figure 3 (as shown); or, the trajectory prediction and transmission steps corresponding to S305 and S307 can also be executed after sending the third information. The second terminal and other terminal devices corresponding to other networked vehicles are similar and will not be described in detail.

[0293] It should be understood that Figures 1 to 4 The flowcharts or scene diagrams shown are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this application to the examples illustrated. In fact, those skilled in the art can interpret the embodiments based on... Figures 1 to 4 The examples in the document can be transformed into equivalent ways to obtain more implementations.

[0294] The above text combined Figures 1 to 4 This document describes in detail the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application. The following will combine... Figures 5 to 6 The device embodiments of this application are described in detail below. It should be understood that the communication device of this application embodiment can execute the various communication methods of the foregoing embodiments of this application, that is, the specific working processes of the various products below can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0295] In the embodiments described above, the terminal device may execute some or all of the steps in each embodiment; the network device may execute some or all of the steps in each embodiment. These steps or operations are merely examples, and the embodiments of this application may also perform other operations or variations thereof. Furthermore, the steps may be executed in different orders as presented in the embodiments, and it is not necessary to execute all the operations in the embodiments of this application. Moreover, the sequence number of each step does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0296] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the communication device 500 may include a communication module 520. The communication module 520 can implement corresponding communication functions, which can be internal communication functions of the communication device 500 or communication functions between the communication device 500 and other devices. Optionally, the communication module 520 may also be referred to as a communication interface or transceiver module. Optionally, the communication device 500 also includes a processing module 510. The processing module 510 can implement corresponding processing functions.

[0297] Optionally, the communication device 500 further includes a storage module, which can be used to store instructions and / or data; the processing module 510 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage module so that the communication device 500 can implement the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0298] In one possible design, the communication device 500 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiments, or to a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the terminal device. The communication device 500 can be used to execute the steps or processes performed by the terminal device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0299] In one possible design, the communication device 500 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments, or to a component (such as a circuit, chip, or chip system) configured in the network device. The communication device 500 can be used to perform the steps or processes performed by the network device in any of the above method embodiments.

[0300] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 600 may be a chip, chip system, or processor, etc., in a terminal device or network device that implements the above-described methods. The communication device 600 can be used to implement the methods described in the above-described method embodiments; for details, please refer to the descriptions in the above-described method embodiments.

[0301] like Figure 6As shown, the communication device 600 may include one or more processors 610, which may also be referred to as processing units or processing modules, and can implement certain control functions. The processor 610 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor, such as a baseband processor or a central processing unit. The baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data, while the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device 600 (e.g., a base station, baseband chip, user, user chip), execute software programs, and process data from the software programs.

[0302] In an alternative design, the processor 610 may also store instructions and / or data that can be executed by the processor 610 to cause the communication device 600 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments.

[0303] In another alternative design, the communication device 600 may include a communication interface 620 for implementing receiving and transmitting functions. For example, the communication interface 620 may be a transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver. The transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver for implementing receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated. The aforementioned transceiver circuit, interface, interface circuit, or transceiver may be used for reading and writing code / data, or it may be used for transmitting or relaying signals.

[0304] Optionally, the communication device 600 may include one or more memories 630, which may store instructions that can be executed on the processor 610, causing the communication device 600 to perform the methods described in the above method embodiments. Optionally, the memories 630 may also store data. Optionally, the processor 610 may also store instructions and / or data. The processor 610 and the memories 630 may be provided separately or integrated together.

[0305] It should be understood that, in one possible design, the steps in the method embodiments provided in this application can be implemented by integrated logic circuits in the processor's hardware or by instructions in software form. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor. The software modules can reside in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, or other mature storage media in the art. This storage medium is located in memory, and the processor reads information from the memory and, in conjunction with its hardware, completes the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, detailed descriptions are not provided here.

[0306] In one implementation, the communication device 600 may correspond to the terminal device in the above method embodiments and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the terminal device in the above method embodiments. The processor 610 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 630, and when the processor 610 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 610 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the terminal device.

[0307] In another implementation, the communication device 600 may correspond to the network device in the above method embodiments and may be used to execute the various steps and / or processes executed by the network device in the above method embodiments. The processor 610 may be used to execute instructions stored in the memory 630, and when the processor 610 executes the instructions stored in the memory, the processor 610 is used to execute the various steps and / or processes of the above method embodiments corresponding to the network device.

[0308] It should be understood that the aforementioned processing device can be one or more chips. For example, the processing device can be a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a system-on-chip (SoC), a central processor unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), a digital signal processor (DSP), a microcontroller unit (MCU), a programmable logic device (PLD), or other integrated chips.

[0309] It is understood that the memory in the embodiments of this application can be volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory. The non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. The volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous linked dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM). It should be noted that the memory used in the systems and methods described herein is intended to include, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0310] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a chip system, which includes one or more processors for calling and executing instructions stored in memory, thereby causing the method described in the embodiments of this application to be executed. The chip system may be composed of chips or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0311] The chip system may include input circuits or interfaces for transmitting information or data, and output circuits or interfaces for receiving information or data.

[0312] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a communication system, which includes the aforementioned network device and terminal device.

[0313] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes: computer program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes executed by the network device or terminal device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0314] According to the method provided in the embodiments of this application, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing program code, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the various steps or processes executed by the network device or terminal device in any of the foregoing method embodiments.

[0315] The computer-readable storage medium may be the aforementioned volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or it may include both volatile memory and non-volatile memory.

[0316] In the embodiments of this application, the terms and English abbreviations are exemplary examples given for ease of description and should not be construed as limiting the application in any way. This application does not preclude the possibility of defining other terms that can achieve the same or similar functions in existing or future agreements.

[0317] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. This computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When these computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated.

[0318] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0319] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the sequence number of each process does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0320] In summary, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the technical solution of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a terminal device, which is used to wirelessly communicate with network devices in a vehicle networking system. The method includes: Send first information, which includes vehicle information, location information, and link quality information of the terminal device; the vehicle information is pre-set in the terminal device. The vehicle information includes at least one of the following: vehicle identification, vehicle type, and vehicle size; wherein the vehicle type is used to indicate whether the vehicle corresponding to the terminal device is a large vehicle; Send trajectory information, the trajectory information including at least one location information of the terminal device within a future first time period; Perform occlusion detection to determine the information of the occluded vehicle corresponding to the terminal device; whether any first vehicle is an occluded vehicle is related to the vehicle information of the first vehicle. From the information of the obstructed vehicles corresponding to the terminal device, select the information of the non-networked obstructed vehicles to obtain the third information; The third information is sent, which includes information about at least one non-networked obstructing vehicle that can block the communication beam used by the terminal device. The device receives a first instruction, which is used to instruct the terminal device to perform beam switching or beam interruption; the first instruction is generated by the network device based on the first information, the trajectory information, and the third information.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vehicle type includes at least one of the following: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3; Among them, the size of the vehicle corresponding to the first type of terminal device, the second type of terminal device, and the third type of terminal device decreases sequentially. The vehicle type is the first type and / or the second type of terminal equipment, and the corresponding vehicle is the large vehicle.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When the terminal device first connects to the network device, the vehicle information includes the vehicle identifier, the vehicle type, and the vehicle size; When the terminal device is not accessing the network device for the first time, the vehicle information includes the vehicle identifier.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The link quality information includes: The beam identifier currently used by the terminal device, and the quality information of the currently used identifier; The quality information includes at least one of the following: Reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, signal-to-noise ratio.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before sending the trajectory information, the method further includes: Predict the trajectory information of the terminal device within a first time period.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The prediction of the trajectory information of the terminal device within a first time period includes: The trajectory information is obtained based on at least one of the following parameters: Local location, history, navigation information, and interaction information with nearby vehicles.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third piece of information includes at least one of the following: information about non-networked, obstructed vehicles. The vehicle type, speed information, and location information of the non-networked, obstructed vehicle.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before sending the third information, the method further includes: Receive second information, which is used to determine the third information.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second information includes at least one of the following: Within the coverage area of ​​the network device, the vehicle type indicates the location information of the terminal device of the large vehicle; within the coverage area of ​​the network device, the vehicle type indicates the vehicle identifier of the terminal device of the large vehicle.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that, The terminal device corresponding to the second information is a connected vehicle; The method further includes: Identify information about at least one obstructing vehicle; Based on the second information, at least one non-networked vehicle is selected from the at least one obstructing vehicle.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first indication is used to instruct the terminal device to perform beam switching; the first indication includes a first moment and a first beam identifier; After receiving the first instruction, the method further includes: According to the first instruction, communication is performed at the first time using the beam corresponding to the first beam identifier; or, The first indication is used to indicate that the beam of the terminal device is interrupted; the first indication includes a first moment and a first device identifier, wherein the device corresponding to the first device identifier is different from the terminal device; After receiving the first instruction, the method further includes: According to the first instruction, at the first moment, the device corresponding to the first device identifier conducts relay communication with the network device.

12. A communication method, characterized in that, The method is applied to a network device, which is used to wirelessly communicate with terminal devices in a vehicle networking system. The method includes: Receive first information, the first information including vehicle information, location information, and link quality information of the terminal device; The vehicle information includes at least one of the following: vehicle identification, vehicle type, and vehicle size; wherein the vehicle type is used to indicate whether the vehicle corresponding to the terminal device is a large vehicle; Receive trajectory information, the trajectory information including at least one location information of the terminal device within a future first time period; Receive third information, the third information including information on at least one non-networked obstructing vehicle, the obstructing vehicle being able to block the communication beam used by the terminal device; whether any first vehicle is an obstructing vehicle is related to the vehicle information of the first vehicle; Based on the first information, the trajectory information, and the third information, a first indication is generated; the first indication is used to instruct the terminal device to perform beam switching or beam interruption. Send the first instruction.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The vehicle type includes at least one of the following: Type 1, Type 2, Type 3; Among them, the size of the vehicle corresponding to the first type of terminal device, the second type of terminal device, and the third type of terminal device decreases sequentially. The vehicle type is the first type and / or the second type of terminal equipment, and the corresponding vehicle is the large vehicle.

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, When the terminal device first connects to the network device, the vehicle information includes the vehicle identifier, the vehicle type, and the vehicle size; When the terminal device is not accessing the network device for the first time, the vehicle information includes the vehicle identifier.

15. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The link quality information includes: The beam identifier currently used by the terminal device, and the quality information of the currently used identifier; The quality information includes at least one of the following: Reference signal received power, reference signal received quality, signal-to-noise ratio.

16. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The third piece of information includes at least one of the following: information about non-networked, obstructed vehicles. The vehicle type, speed information, and location information of the non-networked, obstructed vehicle.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, Before receiving the third information, the method further includes: Send a second message, the second message including at least one of the following: Within the coverage area of ​​the network device, the vehicle type indicates the location information of the terminal device of the large vehicle; within the coverage area of ​​the network device, the vehicle type indicates the vehicle identifier of the terminal device of the large vehicle.

18. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The step of generating a first indication based on the first information, the trajectory information, and the third information includes: Based on the first information and the third information, global information within the coverage area of ​​the network device is obtained. The global information includes at least the location information of at least one obstructing vehicle within the first time period. The at least one obstructing vehicle is either a connected vehicle or a non-connected vehicle. Based on the global information and the trajectory information, the associated information corresponding to the location of the terminal device at the first moment is determined; the first moment is the moment within the first duration. Based on the associated information, the first instruction is generated.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The associated information includes at least reference information about the obstructed vehicle; The reference information includes at least one of the following: Location information, vehicle type, speed information, beam ID used, and link quality information of the beam used.

20. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The first indication is used to instruct the terminal device to perform beam switching; the first indication includes a first moment and a first beam identifier; After sending the first instruction, the method further includes: At the first moment, the beam corresponding to the first beam identifier is used to communicate with the terminal device; or, The first indication is used to indicate that the beam of the terminal device is interrupted; the first indication includes a first moment and a first device identifier, wherein the device corresponding to the first device identifier is different from the terminal device; After sending the first instruction, the method further includes: At the first moment, relay communication is conducted between the device corresponding to the first device identifier and the terminal device.

21. A communication device, characterized in that, The device includes at least one processor coupled to a memory storing a program or instructions, wherein the processor executes the program or instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-11; or, causes the communication device to perform the method as described in any one of claims 12-20.

22. A communication system, characterized in that, Includes the communication device as described in claim 21.

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