An intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine

Abstract

This invention provides an intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine, belonging to the field of physical property testing technology. It includes a base, with a double-disc friction mechanism mounted on top of the base. This mechanism simulates the current-carrying friction between the armature and the guide rail during projectile firing. A third mounting base is mounted on top of a second mounting base, with a high-speed camera fixedly connected to the center of the top of the third mounting base. A support frame is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the third mounting base, and an infrared thermal imager and an acoustic emission sensor are mounted on the support frame. This invention utilizes the double-disc friction mechanism, employing the contact between an aluminum alloy disk and a copper alloy disk as the medium for the conductive circuit. A DC voltage is applied to the surfaces of the aluminum and copper alloy disks using brush rods, thereby providing a stable constant current input to the entire device. Since the aluminum and copper alloy disks are in a state of relative rotation, this testing machine can conduct stable experiments for extended periods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of physical property testing technology, and in particular to an intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the equivalent test construction of the linear electromagnetic rail launch system, the electromagnetic rail launch system accelerates the projectile (armature) in the gun barrel (rail). However, due to its electromagnetic force-driven method, the material needs to withstand greater electrical and mechanical impacts in the initial acceleration stage compared to the latter half, and arc ablation is likely to occur at the starting point. In the latter half, in addition to the forward driving force, the electromagnetic force causes the projectile to bear lateral force, which promotes close contact between the projectile and the rail and forms a stable frictional force. The arc generation decreases steadily, and a more stable current-carrying frictional form is reflected.

[0003] Because the electromagnetic rail launcher uses a linear launch method, the following problems exist:

[0004] 1. After the shell is fired, before the next test, it is necessary to ensure that the shell is reloaded into the guide rail (safety issues: ensure that the residual charge of the capacitor is completely discharged, and that the thyristor switch is in normal condition, etc.). The process is complicated and time-consuming.

[0005] 2. Due to the intense current-carrying friction, aluminum metal will be melted and coated on the track surface. Relying solely on electromagnetic force for driving can easily cause the shell to jam during firing. Therefore, the guide rail also needs to be cleaned.

[0006] 3. The linear electromagnetic rail launch system places requirements on in-situ testing. For larger-scale projectiles, high-speed acquisition equipment such as high-speed cameras and infrared thermal imaging may face situations where the observation area exceeds the maximum map size.

[0007] Therefore, the present invention provides an intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine to meet the requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine. By setting up a double-disc friction mechanism, the contact between the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk is used as the medium for conducting the circuit. A DC voltage is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk by means of a brush rod, thereby providing a stable constant current input to the entire device. Since the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk are in a state of relative rotation, this testing machine can conduct stable experiments for a long time. The above settings can solve the problem that current testing instruments require ensuring that the shell is reloaded in the guide rail after the shell is fired and before the next test, which is complicated and time-consuming.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] An intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine includes a base, a first mounting seat fixedly connected to the top of the base, a first moving platform slidably connected to the top of the first mounting seat, a first adjusting mechanism installed between the first mounting seat and the first moving platform for adjusting the relative position between the first mounting seat and the first moving platform, a double-disc friction mechanism installed on the top of the base for simulating the current-carrying friction between the armature and the guide rail during projectile firing, the double-disc friction mechanism being connected to both the first moving platform and the base, a second mounting seat fixedly connected to the top of the base, a third mounting seat installed on the top of the second mounting seat, a second adjusting mechanism installed between the second and third mounting seats for adjusting the relative position between the second and third mounting seats, a high-speed camera fixedly connected to the middle position of the top of the third mounting seat, and a support frame fixedly connected to one side of the top of the third mounting seat, with an infrared thermal imager and an acoustic emission sensor mounted on the support frame.

[0011] Optionally, the first adjustment mechanism includes first linear guides symmetrically mounted on both sides of the top of the first mounting base, a first bearing seat fixedly connected at the middle position of the top of the first mounting base, a first drive screw rotatably connected inside the first bearing seat, a first handwheel fixedly connected to one end of the first drive screw, a first screw nut threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first drive screw, the top of the first screw nut and the bottom of the first moving platform being fixed together by screws, and the bottom of the first moving platform and the top of the first linear guides being fixed together by screws.

[0012] Optionally, the dual-disc friction mechanism includes a first motor and a first housing fixedly connected to the top of the first moving platform. A first drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the first housing, and an aluminum alloy disc is fixedly connected to the top of the first drive shaft. The dual-disc friction mechanism also includes a second housing and a second motor fixedly connected to the top of the base. A second drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the second housing, and a copper alloy disc is fixedly connected to the top of the second drive shaft. A recess is formed on the outer circumference of the aluminum alloy disc, and a protrusion with the same contour as the recess on the outer circumference of the aluminum alloy disc is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the copper alloy disc. An intermittent groove is formed on the aluminum alloy disc.

[0013] Optionally, a first bevel gear set is installed inside the first housing. The first bevel gear set consists of two meshing bevel gears, wherein one bevel gear on the first bevel gear set is fixed to the bottom end of the first drive shaft, and the other bevel gear is fixed to the output end of the first motor.

[0014] Optionally, a drive gear set and a second bevel gear set are installed inside the second housing. The drive gear set consists of two meshing gears, and the second bevel gear set consists of two meshing bevel gears. One gear on the drive gear set and one bevel gear on the second bevel gear set are fixed on the same bearing, which is rotatably connected to the second housing. The other gear on the drive gear set is fixed to the output end of the second motor, and the other bevel gear on the second bevel gear set is fixed to the bottom end of the second drive shaft.

[0015] Optionally, a U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the top of the first mobile platform, and a brush cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of both the U-shaped frame and the second machine cover. A handle and a brush rod are inserted into the brush cylinder from top to bottom. The bottom end of the handle is in contact with the top end of the brush rod. A first spring is fixedly connected inside the brush cylinder. One end of the first spring is fixed to the top end of the brush rod, and the other end of the first spring is fixed to the inner wall of the brush cylinder.

[0016] Optionally, two adjusters are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame. One adjuster has a first adjusting rod inserted into it, and the other adjuster has a second adjusting rod inserted into it. A first mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first adjusting rod, and the infrared thermal imager and the first adjusting rod are fixed together by the first mounting bracket. A second mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second adjusting rod, and the acoustic emission sensor and the second adjusting rod are fixed together by the second mounting bracket. The acoustic emission sensor is located at the center of the copper alloy disk. A conductive slip ring is fitted on the outer wall of the acoustic emission sensor. The conductive slip ring is fixed to the top outer wall of the copper alloy disk by screws. A second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conductive slip ring. The top of the second spring fits against the bottom of the conductive slip ring, and the bottom of the second spring is fixed to the top of the acoustic emission sensor.

[0017] Optionally, the second adjustment mechanism includes a second linear guide rail and a first fixed seat symmetrically installed on both sides of the top of the second mounting base. A fifth bearing seat is fixedly connected to the top of both the second linear guide rail and the first fixed seat. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the fifth bearing seat located on the top of the second linear guide rail. A second bearing seat is fixedly connected to the top of the second mounting base. A second drive screw is rotatably connected inside the second bearing seat. A second handwheel is fixedly connected to one end of the second drive screw. A second screw nut is threaded onto the outer wall of the second drive screw. The top of the second screw nut is fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate by screws.

[0018] Optionally, the second adjustment mechanism further includes a lifting platform installed on the top of the second mounting base. The bottom sides of the lifting platform are fixedly connected to a fifth linear guide rail and a second fixed base. The bottom of the fifth linear guide rail and the second fixed base are both fixedly connected to the fifth bearing seat. The fifth linear guide rail and the first fixed base, as well as the second linear guide rail and the second fixed base, are fixed together by scissor arms. There are four scissor arms in total, and they are divided into two groups of two. Each group of scissor arms is rotatably connected together by a rotating shaft.

[0019] Optionally, the second adjustment mechanism further includes two third linear guides and two fourth linear guides symmetrically installed on the top of the lifting platform. The two third linear guides and two fourth linear guides are installed opposite to each other on the lifting platform. A third bearing seat is fixedly connected to the top of each third linear guide. A third drive screw is rotatably connected within the third bearing seat. A third handwheel is fixedly connected to one end of the third drive screw. A fourth bearing seat is fixedly connected to the top of each fourth linear guide. A fourth drive screw is rotatably connected within the fourth bearing seat. A fourth handwheel is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth drive screw. The height of the fourth drive screw is greater than the height of the third drive screw, and the fourth drive screw is relatively perpendicular to the third drive screw in the horizontal direction. A third screw nut is threaded onto both the third and fourth drive screws. A second moving platform is fixedly connected to the top of the third screw nut, and the second moving platform is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third mounting base.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] In the above scheme, by setting up a dual-disc friction mechanism, the contact between the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk is used as the medium for conducting the circuit. A DC voltage is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk by means of a brush rod, thereby providing a stable constant current input to the entire device. Since the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk are in a state of relative rotation, this testing machine can conduct stable experiments for a long time. This solves the problem that the current testing instruments need to ensure that the shell is reloaded in the guide rail after the shell is fired and before the next experiment, which is complicated and time-consuming.

[0022] In this technical solution, since the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk use aluminum alloy commonly used in the manufacture of artillery shells and copper alloy commonly used in the manufacture of launch rails, respectively, they are more consistent with the physical characteristics of the test object. Moreover, the concave contour on the outer circumference of the aluminum alloy disk matches the convex contour on the outer circumference of the copper alloy disk. This design allows the outer walls of the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk to be designed in the style of the outer wall of an artillery shell and the inner wall of a rail, respectively. The relative sliding of the disc-shaped sample is equivalent to the launch of an artillery shell, which improves the simulation and testing accuracy of the instrument. In addition, during the current-carrying friction process, after the surface of the aluminum alloy disk is fused onto the surface of the copper alloy disk, since the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk are driven independently by the first motor and the second motor, respectively, the user only needs to focus on the state of the working surfaces of the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk without worrying about jamming. Furthermore, by opening intermittent grooves on the aluminum alloy disk, there is a friction interval at the opening position of the intermittent grooves during the mutual rotation and friction of the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk, thereby achieving the effect of intermittent friction between the aluminum alloy disk and the copper alloy disk.

[0023] By setting a second adjustment mechanism, the user can adjust the position and height of the third mounting base in three different directions (X, Y, and Z) with its own center as the origin. This allows the high-speed camera, infrared thermal imager, and acoustic emission sensor to focus only on the sample contact interface, enabling stable in-situ testing. In addition, the intermittent contact method provided in this application can stably control the generation of the electric arc at the contact starting point, making it more efficient. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the specification, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and enable those skilled in the art to practice and use the invention.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of an intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine from a second perspective.

[0027] Figure 3 An enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the double-disc friction mechanism and the first adjustment mechanism;

[0028] Figure 4 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the first adjustment mechanism and the first housing;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the first adjustment mechanism;

[0030] Figure 6 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the first adjustment mechanism;

[0031] Figure 7 A cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the U-shaped frame, brush holder, and aluminum alloy disc;

[0032] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged 3D structural diagram at point A in the middle;

[0033] Figure 9 An enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the second housing, the second motor, and the copper alloy disk;

[0034] Figure 10 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the second motor, drive gear set, second bevel gear set, second drive shaft, and copper alloy disk;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a first-view three-dimensional structural diagram of the second adjustment mechanism;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the second adjustment mechanism from a second perspective.

[0037] Figure 13 An enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the second mounting base and connecting plate;

[0038] Figure 14 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the second linear guide and the fifth bearing housing.

[0039] Figure 15 This is an enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the second linear guide, the first fixed base, the third linear guide, the second fixed base, and the scissor arm;

[0040] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the exploded three-dimensional structure of the scissor arm and the pivot.

[0041] Figure 17 An enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting platform and the second moving platform;

[0042] Figure 18 Enlarged 3D structural diagram of the lifting platform, third mounting base, high-speed camera and support frame;

[0043] Figure 19 Enlarged three-dimensional structural diagram of the third mounting bracket, high-speed camera, and support frame;

[0044] Figure 20 A magnified three-dimensional structural diagram of the support frame, infrared thermal imager, and acoustic emission sensor;

[0045] Figure 21 A magnified first-view 3D structural diagram of an aluminum alloy disk and a copper alloy disk;

[0046] Figure 22 This is a magnified three-dimensional structural diagram of an aluminum alloy disk and a copper alloy disk from a second-view perspective.

[0047] Figure label:

[0048] 1. Base; 2. First mounting base; 3. First linear guide rail; 4. First bearing housing; 5. First drive screw; 6. First handwheel; 7. First screw nut; 8. First moving platform; 9. First motor; 10. First drive shaft; 11. First bevel gear set; 12. Aluminum alloy disc; 13. First machine cover; 14. U-shaped frame; 15. Brush holder; 16. Handle; 17. Brush rod; 18. First spring; 19. Second machine cover; 20. Second motor; 21. Drive gear set; 22. Second bevel gear set; 23. Second drive shaft; 24. Copper alloy disc; 25. Second mounting base; 26. Second linear guide rail; 27. First fixed base; 28. Fifth bearing housing; 29. ​​Second bearing housing; 30. Second drive screw; 31. Second handwheel; 32. Second screw nut; 33. Rod nut; 34. Connecting plate; 35. Lifting platform; 36. Fifth linear guide rail; 37. Second fixed seat; 38. Scissor arm; 39. Rotating shaft; 40. Third linear guide rail; 41. Third bearing seat; 42. Third drive screw; 43. Third handwheel; 44. Fourth linear guide rail; 45. Fourth bearing seat; 46. Fourth drive screw; 47. Fourth handwheel; 48. Third screw nut; 49. Second moving platform; 50. Third mounting seat; 51. High-speed camera; 52. Support frame; 53. Adjuster; 54. First adjusting rod; 55. First mounting frame; 56. Infrared thermal imager; 57. Second adjusting rod; 58. Second mounting frame; 59. Acoustic emission sensor; 60. Conductive slip ring; 61. Second spring; 62. Protrusion; 63. Recess; 64. Intermittent groove.

[0049] As shown in the figure, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure to clearly illustrate the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. Those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should also be noted that, to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can use other alternative methods to implement some well-known technologies; moreover, the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0052] Generally, terms can be understood at least partly from their use in context. For example, depending at least partly on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood not necessarily to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather, alternatively, depending at least partly on the context, to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0053] It is understood that the meanings of “on”, “above”, and “above” in this invention should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something with an intervening feature or layer, and that “above” or “above” means not only “on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something without an intervening feature or layer.

[0054] Furthermore, spatially related terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” and “upper” are used herein for convenience to describe the relationship of one element or feature to one or more other elements or features, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Spatially related terms are intended to cover different orientations in the use or operation of the device other than those depicted in the accompanying drawings. The device may be oriented in other ways, and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein can be interpreted similarly.

[0055] Example 1:

[0056] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine, including a base 1, a first mounting seat 2 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a first moving platform 8 slidably connected to the top of the first mounting seat 2, a first adjusting mechanism installed between the first mounting seat 2 and the first moving platform 8, the first adjusting mechanism being used to adjust the relative position between the first mounting seat 2 and the first moving platform 8, the first adjusting mechanism including a first linear guide rail 3 symmetrically installed on both sides of the top of the first mounting seat 2, a first bearing seat 4 fixedly connected at the middle position of the top of the first mounting seat 2, a first drive screw 5 rotatably connected inside the first bearing seat 4, a first handwheel 6 fixedly connected to one end of the first drive screw 5, a first screw nut 7 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the first drive screw 5, the top of the first screw nut 7 and the bottom of the first moving platform 8 being fixed together by screws, and the bottom of the first moving platform 8 and the top of the first linear guide rail 3 being fixed together by screws.

[0057] By setting up the above structure, when the user turns the first handwheel 6, the first lead screw nut 7 will synchronously drive the first moving platform 8 to move along the direction of travel of the first linear guide rail 3 under the action of the thread drive between the first drive screw 5 and the first lead screw nut 7. The user can change the direction of rotation of the first handwheel 6 to switch the direction of movement of the first moving platform 8 on the first linear guide rail 3, and at the same time, the distance moved by the first moving platform 8 can be adjusted by changing the number of turns of the first handwheel 6.

[0058] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 4 and Figures 7 to 10 As shown, a double-disc friction mechanism is installed on the top of the base 1. The double-disc friction mechanism is used to simulate the current-carrying friction between the armature and the guide rail during projectile firing. The double-disc friction mechanism is connected to the first moving platform 8 and the base 1 respectively. The double-disc friction mechanism includes a first motor 9 and a first cover 13 fixedly connected to the top of the first moving platform 8. A first drive shaft 10 is rotatably connected inside the first cover 13. An aluminum alloy disc 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the first drive shaft 10. A first bevel gear set 11 is installed inside the first cover 13. The first bevel gear set 11 consists of two meshing bevel gears. One bevel gear on the first bevel gear set 11 is fixed to the bottom end of the first drive shaft 10, and the other bevel gear is fixed to the output end of the first motor 9.

[0059] In the above structure, after the first motor 9 starts, the first drive shaft 10 will rotate under the driving action of the first bevel gear set 11. During the rotation of the first drive shaft 10, the aluminum alloy disc 12 will rotate on the top of the first cover 13. The driving principle between the first bevel gear set 11, the first motor 9 and the first drive shaft 10 in this technical solution is disclosed as prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the dual-disc friction mechanism also includes a second housing 19 and a second motor 20 fixedly connected to the top of the base 1. A second drive shaft 23 is rotatably connected inside the second housing 19. A copper alloy disc 24 is fixedly connected to the top of the second drive shaft 23. A drive gear set 21 and a second bevel gear set 22 are installed inside the second housing 19. The drive gear set 21 consists of two meshing gears, and the second bevel gear set 22 consists of two meshing bevel gears. One gear on the drive gear set 21 and one bevel gear on the second bevel gear set 22 are fixed on the same bearing, and the bearing is rotatably connected to the second housing 19. The other gear on the drive gear set 21 is fixed to the output end of the second motor 20, and the other bevel gear on the second bevel gear set 22 is fixed to the bottom end of the second drive shaft 23.

[0061] In the above structure, after the second motor 20 is started, the second drive shaft 23 will rotate under the coordinated driving action of the drive gear set 21 and the second bevel gear set 22. During the rotation of the second drive shaft 23, the copper alloy disc 24 will rotate on the top of the second cover 19. In this technical solution, the driving principle between the drive gear set 21 and the second bevel gear set 22 and the second motor 20 and the second drive shaft 23 is disclosed as prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0062] Furthermore, this technical solution incorporates a dual-disc friction mechanism to simulate the current-carrying friction between the armature and the guide rail during projectile firing. Compared to pin-disc and ring-block structures, the dual-disc structure is more innovative. The aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 are driven by the first motor 9 and the second motor 20 to rotate in opposite directions, greatly increasing the relative sliding speed of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24. Moreover, the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 are made of aluminum alloy commonly used in projectile manufacturing and copper alloy commonly used in launching guide rail manufacturing, respectively, which better matches the physical characteristics of the test object, making the test results obtained by this testing machine more accurate.

[0063] Furthermore, since both the first motor 9 and the first housing 13 are mounted on the first adjustment mechanism, the user can change the relative distance between the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24 by rotating the first handwheel 6. During the test, the friction speed can be adjusted not only by changing the rotation speed of the first motor 9 and the second motor 20, but also by changing the radius of the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24. Since the center distance between the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24 can be adjusted and fixed by the first adjustment mechanism, this testing machine can change the distance of the transmission shaft between the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24. When the user changes the size of the aluminum alloy disc 12 or the copper alloy disc 24, the distance between the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24 can be adjusted by manually rotating the first handwheel 6 to keep the outer walls of the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24 in constant contact and friction. This setting increases the applicability of this instrument.

[0064] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 10 As shown, a U-shaped frame 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the first mobile platform 8. A brush cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the top of both the U-shaped frame 14 and the second cover 19. A handle 16 and a brush rod 17 are inserted into the brush cylinder 15 from top to bottom. The bottom end of the handle 16 is in contact with the top end of the brush rod 17. A first spring 18 is fixedly connected inside the brush cylinder 15. One end of the first spring 18 is fixed to the top end of the brush rod 17, and the other end of the first spring 18 is fixed to the inner wall of the brush cylinder 15.

[0065] In this technical solution, the brush rod 17 is made of copper. The brush cylinder 15 has a groove for inserting the limiting handle 16 and the brush rod 17. The bottom of the handle 16 is threaded into the groove on the brush cylinder 15. A small hole for inserting a wire is provided in the groove of the brush cylinder 15, located at the connection point between the handle 16 and the brush rod 17. When the handle 16 is not rotated and pressed down, the brush rod 17 does not contact the aluminum alloy disc 12 or the copper alloy disc 24 under the elastic force of the first spring 18. When it is necessary to adjust the brush rod... When current is applied to the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24, the brush rod 17 is pulled down, and then the wire is inserted into the small hole at the connection position of the handle 16 and the brush rod 17. Finally, the wire is clamped by twisting the handle 16 under the action of the thread engagement, and at the same time, the bottom of the handle 16 presses against the brush rod 17, so that the bottom of the brush rod 17 contacts the upper surface of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24. When the wire is energized, the current can be applied to the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 with the help of the brush rod 17.

[0066] Furthermore, the magnitude of the surface current of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 depends on the magnitude of the current carried by the wire. A DC voltage is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 with the help of the brush rod 17, so that the current generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 during sample friction is generated. The power supply voltage of the wire can be loaded with a fully charged large-capacity capacitor to simulate a one-time projectile launch, similar to the design of a small electromagnetic railgun launch process. The power supply voltage of the wire can also be loaded with a high-voltage constant current source to continuously simulate the high-speed, high-current current-carrying friction process. This setting further improves the accuracy of the test of this testing machine.

[0067] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 11 to 18 As shown, a second mounting base 25 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, and a third mounting base 49 is mounted on the top of the second mounting base 25. A second adjustment mechanism is installed between the second mounting base 25 and the third mounting base 49. The second adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the relative position between the second mounting base 25 and the third mounting base 49. The second adjustment mechanism includes a second linear guide rail 26 and a first fixed base 27 symmetrically installed on both sides of the top of the second mounting base 25. A fifth bearing seat 28 is fixedly connected to the top of both the second linear guide rail 26 and the first fixed base 27. A connecting plate 33 is fixedly connected to the fifth bearing seat 28 located on the top of the second linear guide rail 26. A second bearing seat 29 is fixedly connected to the top of the second mounting base 25. A second drive screw 30 is rotatably connected inside the second bearing seat 29. A second handwheel 31 is fixedly connected to one end of the second drive screw 30. A second screw nut 32 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second drive screw 30. The top of the second screw nut 32 is fixed to the bottom of the connecting plate 33 by screws.

[0068] In the above structure, the user can rotate the second drive screw 30 within the second bearing seat 29 by rotating the second handwheel 31. During the rotation of the second drive screw 30, the second screw nut 32 will move in the travel direction of the second linear guide rail 26 under the action of the thread drive. At this time, the two second drive shafts 23 move synchronously under the connection of the connecting plate 33.

[0069] In this embodiment, as Figures 11 to 18 As shown, the second adjustment mechanism also includes a lifting platform 34 installed on the top of the second mounting base 25. The bottom sides of the lifting platform 34 are fixedly connected to a fifth linear guide rail 35 and a second fixed base 36. The bottom of the fifth linear guide rail 35 and the second fixed base 36 are both fixedly connected to a fifth bearing seat 28. The fifth linear guide rail 35 and the first fixed base 27, as well as the second linear guide rail 26 and the second fixed base 36, are fixed together by scissor arms 37. There are four scissor arms 37 in total, and they are divided into two groups of two. Each group of scissor arms 37 is rotatably connected together by a rotating shaft 38.

[0070] As described above, when the user turns the second handwheel 31, the second lead screw nut 32 will drive the connecting plate 33 to move in the direction of travel of the second linear guide 26. Since the second linear guide 26 and the second lead screw nut 32, as well as the fifth linear guide 35 and the first fixed seat 27 are all fixed by scissor arms 37, and each set of scissor arms 37 is rotatably connected together by a rotating shaft 38, when the user turns the second handwheel 31, the relative height between the lifting platform 34 and the second mounting seat 25 can be adjusted by the support effect of the scissor arms 37. The distance between the lifting platform 34 and the second mounting seat 25 depends on the number of turns of the user turning the one-way second handwheel 31, and the direction of height adjustment between the lifting platform 34 and the second mounting seat 25 depends on the direction of the user turning the second handwheel 31.

[0071] In this embodiment, as Figures 11 to 18 As shown, the second adjustment mechanism also includes two third linear guide rails 39 and two fourth linear guide rails 43 symmetrically installed on the top of the lifting platform 34. The two third linear guide rails 39 and the two fourth linear guide rails 43 are all installed opposite each other on the lifting platform 34. A third bearing seat 40 is fixedly connected to the top of the third linear guide rail 39, and a third drive screw 41 is rotatably connected inside the third bearing seat 40. A third handwheel 42 is fixedly connected to one end of the third drive screw 41. A fourth bearing seat 44 is fixedly connected to the top of the fourth linear guide rail 43. A fourth drive screw 45 is rotatably connected inside the four bearing housing 44. A fourth handwheel 46 is fixedly connected to one end of the fourth drive screw 45. The height of the fourth drive screw 45 is greater than the height of the third drive screw 41, and the fourth drive screw 45 is relatively perpendicular to the third drive screw 41 in the horizontal direction. A third screw nut 47 is threadedly connected to both the third drive screw 41 and the fourth drive screw 45. A second moving platform 48 is fixedly connected to the top of the third screw nut 47. The second moving platform 48 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third mounting base 49.

[0072] In the above structure, when the user rotates the third handwheel 42, the third lead screw nut 47 will slide along the third drive lead screw 41 under the action of the threaded drive. At the same time, the sliding of the third lead screw nut 47 will also drive the fourth drive lead screw 45 to slide along the travel direction of the fourth linear guide rail 43. When the user rotates the fourth handwheel 46, the third lead screw nut 47 will slide along the fourth drive lead screw 45 under the action of the threaded drive. At the same time, the sliding of the third lead screw nut 47 will also drive the third drive lead screw 41 to slide in the travel direction of the third linear guide rail 39. Since the height of the fourth drive lead screw 45 is greater than the height of the third drive lead screw 41, and the fourth drive lead screw 45 is relatively perpendicular to the third drive lead screw 41 in the horizontal direction, the user can rotate the third handwheel 42 and the fourth handwheel 46 respectively to change the position of the second moving platform 48 in two mutually perpendicular directions, and the displacement in these two directions does not interfere with each other.

[0073] In summary, by setting up the second adjustment mechanism, the user can adjust the position and height of the third mounting base 49 in three different directions (X, Y, and Z) with its own center as the origin.

[0074] As one implementation method in this embodiment, such as Figures 17 to 20 As shown, a high-speed camera 50 is fixedly connected to the top center of the third mounting base 49. A support frame 51 is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the third mounting base 49. An infrared thermal imager 55 and an acoustic emission sensor 58 are mounted on the support frame 51. Two adjusters 52 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame 51. A first adjusting rod 53 is inserted into one of the adjusters 52, and a second adjusting rod 56 is inserted into the other adjuster 52. A first mounting bracket 54 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first adjusting rod 53. The infrared thermal imager 55 and the first adjusting rod 53 are fixed together by the first mounting bracket 54. A second mounting bracket 57 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second adjusting rod 56. The acoustic emission sensor 58 and the second adjusting rod 56 are fixed together by the second mounting bracket 57.

[0075] In the above structure, the high-speed camera 50 is installed at the center of the third mounting base 49. The infrared thermal imager 55 and the acoustic emission sensor 58 are both fixed on the support frame 51 by means of the adjuster 52. The user can adjust the fixed angle and fixed direction of the infrared thermal imager 55 and the acoustic emission sensor 58 by changing the fixed angle and fixed direction of the adjuster 52. At the same time, the position and height of the high-speed camera 50, the infrared thermal imager 55 and the acoustic emission sensor 58 can be adjusted uniformly by means of the second adjustment mechanism.

[0076] Furthermore, during the use of this instrument, the high-speed camera 50, the infrared thermal imager 55, and the acoustic emission sensor 58 are used to monitor the surface wear, transient electric arc, temperature field information, and acoustic signals during the friction between the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 in real time. The focal point of the high-speed camera 50 lens is on a horizontal line with the side surface at the intersection of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24, and the focal point of the high-speed camera 50 lens is directly facing the contact surface of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 to photograph the friction surface. The infrared thermal imager 55 is positioned directly above the contact surface of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24, accurately monitoring the surface temperature during friction. The acoustic emission sensor 58 is positioned at the center of the copper alloy disk 24, which avoids the loss of other media by directly receiving the vibration and acoustic signals during friction and minimizes the influence of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation.

[0077] Furthermore, in the second adjustment mechanism, the user can adjust the height of the third mounting base 49 by rotating the second handwheel 31, thereby moving the lens of the high-speed camera 50 to a suitable position; and adjust the position of the third mounting base 49 by rotating the fourth handwheel 46, thereby changing the distance between the lens of the high-speed camera 50 and the friction surfaces of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 to ensure the imaging quality of the high-speed camera 50; and change the position of the third mounting base 49 by rotating the third handwheel 42, ensuring that when the radii of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 are changed, the position of the contact surfaces of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 is always directly aligned with the focal point of the lens of the high-speed camera 50.

[0078] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figures 18 to 20 As shown, the acoustic emission sensor 58 is located at the center of the copper alloy disk 24. A conductive slip ring 59 is fitted on the outer wall of the acoustic emission sensor 58. The conductive slip ring 59 is fixed to the top outer wall of the copper alloy disk 24 by screws. A second spring 60 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conductive slip ring 59. The top end of the second spring 60 is in contact with the bottom of the conductive slip ring 59, and the bottom end of the second spring 60 is fixed to the top end of the acoustic emission sensor 58.

[0079] In the above structure, the conductive slip ring 59 is not only rotatably sleeved on the outside of the acoustic emission sensor 58, but its bottom is also fixed to the top of the copper alloy disk 24. When the copper alloy disk 24 rotates, the conductive slip ring 59 rotates synchronously with the copper alloy disk 24. Under the elastic force of the second spring 60, the bottom of the acoustic emission sensor 58 is always in contact with the surface of the copper alloy disk 24. This method of directly contacting the acoustic emission sensor 58 and the copper alloy disk 24 to collect signals can reduce signal attenuation and interference. Introducing the conductive slip ring 59 on the outside of the acoustic emission sensor 58 can ensure that the acoustic emission sensor 58 will not get tangled or knotted when the copper alloy disk 24 rotates at high speed.

[0080] Example 2:

[0081] In this embodiment, as Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown, a recess 62 is formed on the outer circumference of the aluminum alloy disk 12, and a protrusion 61 with the same outline as the recess 62 on the outer circumference of the copper alloy disk 24 is fixedly connected to the outer circumference of the copper alloy disk 24. An intermittent groove 63 is formed on the aluminum alloy disk 12.

[0082] In the above structure, since the contour of the recess 62 on the outer circumference of the aluminum alloy disk 12 matches the contour of the protrusion 61 on the outer circumference of the copper alloy disk 24, this setting makes the outer walls of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 designed as the outer wall of a projectile and the inner wall of a guide rail, respectively. The relative sliding of the disc-shaped sample is equivalent to the launch of a projectile, which improves the simulation and testing accuracy of the instrument.

[0083] Optionally, since both the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24 are detachable disc structures, users can replace the aluminum alloy disc 12 with different shapes to achieve the effect of intermittent friction. Specifically, by opening an intermittent groove 63 on the aluminum alloy disc 12, a friction interval exists at the opening position of the intermittent groove 63 during the mutual rotation and friction between the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24, thereby achieving the effect of intermittent friction between the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24.

[0084] The working principle of the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0085] In use, the user first installs the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24 on the top of the first drive shaft 10 and the second drive shaft 23, respectively. Then, by rotating the first handwheel 6, the relative positions of the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24 are adjusted so that they come into contact with each other. The high-speed camera 50 is then fixed at the center of the third mounting base 49, and the infrared thermal imager 55 and the acoustic emission sensor 58 are fixed on the support frame 51. During the installation of the high-speed camera 50, the user can adjust the height of the third mounting base 49 by rotating the second handwheel 31, thereby moving the lens of the high-speed camera 50 to a suitable position; and by rotating the fourth handwheel 46, the position of the third mounting base 49 is adjusted, changing the distance between the lens of the high-speed camera 50 and the friction surfaces of the aluminum alloy disc 12 and the copper alloy disc 24 to ensure the imaging quality of the high-speed camera 50. The user can also adjust the position of the third mounting base 49 by rotating the third handwheel 42. The position of mounting base 49 ensures that when the radii of aluminum alloy disk 12 and copper alloy disk 24 are changed, the contact surfaces of aluminum alloy disk 12 and copper alloy disk 24 are always directly aligned with the focal point of the high-speed camera 50 lens. During the installation of infrared thermal imager 55 and acoustic emission sensor 58, the user can adjust the fixed angle and direction of infrared thermal imager 55 and acoustic emission sensor 58 by changing the fixed angle and fixed direction of adjuster 52 on support frame 51, so that infrared thermal imager 55 is positioned directly above the contact surfaces of aluminum alloy disk 12 and copper alloy disk 24, which can accurately monitor the surface temperature during friction. Acoustic emission sensor 58 is positioned at the center of copper alloy disk 24, which can avoid the loss of other media and directly receive vibration and acoustic signals during friction, and minimize the influence of centrifugal force during high-speed rotation. After acoustic emission sensor 58 is installed, conductive slip ring 59 is fixed to the top of copper alloy disk 24.

[0086] After the above operations are completed, the user starts the first motor 9 and the second motor 20 to drive the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 to rotate respectively. The friction between the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 simulates the current-carrying friction between the armature and the guide rail during the firing of a projectile. During the test, when it is necessary to apply current to the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24, the user first pulls the brush rod 17 down, then inserts the wire into the small hole at the connection position of the handle 16 and the brush rod 17, and finally clamps the wire by twisting the handle 16 under the action of the threaded engagement, while the bottom of the handle 16 presses against the brush rod 17, so that the bottom of the brush rod 17 contacts the upper surface of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24. When the wire is energized, the brush rod 17 can be used to apply current to the aluminum alloy disk 12. The current applied to the copper alloy disk 24 and the surface current of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 depend on the current carried by the wire. A DC voltage is applied to the surface of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 with the help of the brush rod 17, so that the current generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy disk 12 and the copper alloy disk 24 during sample friction is generated. The power supply voltage of the wire can be applied with a fully charged large-capacity capacitor to simulate a one-time projectile launch, similar to the launch process of a small electromagnetic railgun. The power supply voltage of the wire can also be applied with a high-voltage constant current source to continuously simulate the high-speed, high-current current-carrying friction process. During the test, the high-speed camera 50, the infrared thermal imager 55 and the acoustic emission sensor 58 are used to monitor the surface wear, transient arc, temperature field information and acoustic signals during friction in real time.

[0087] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0088] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine, comprising a base, characterized in that, The top of the base is fixedly connected to a first mounting base, the top of the first mounting base is slidably connected to a first moving platform, and a first adjustment mechanism is installed between the first mounting base and the first moving platform. The first adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the relative position between the first mounting base and the first moving platform. A double-disc friction mechanism is installed on the top of the base. The double-disc friction mechanism is used to simulate the current-carrying friction between the armature and the guide rail when the shell is fired. The double-disc friction mechanism is connected to the first moving platform and the base respectively. A second mounting base is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and a third mounting base is mounted on the top of the second mounting base. A second adjustment mechanism is installed between the second mounting base and the third mounting base. The second adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the relative position between the second mounting base and the third mounting base. A high-speed camera is fixedly connected to the top center of the third mounting base, and a support frame is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the third mounting base. An infrared thermal imager and an acoustic emission sensor are mounted on the support frame. The dual-disc friction mechanism includes a first motor and a first cover fixedly connected to the top of the first moving platform. A first drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the first cover, and an aluminum alloy disc is fixedly connected to the top of the first drive shaft. The dual-disc friction mechanism also includes a second cover and a second motor fixedly connected to the top of the base. A second drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the second cover, and a copper alloy disc is fixedly connected to the top of the second drive shaft. The aluminum alloy disk has a recess on its outer circumference, and the copper alloy disk has a protrusion on its outer circumference that matches the contour of the recess on the outer circumference of the aluminum alloy disk. The aluminum alloy disk has intermittent grooves.

2. The intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first adjustment mechanism includes first linear guide rails symmetrically mounted on both sides of the top of the first mounting base. A first bearing seat is fixedly connected to the middle position of the top of the first mounting base. A first drive screw is rotatably connected inside the first bearing seat. A first handwheel is fixedly connected to one end of the first drive screw. A first screw nut is threaded onto the outer wall of the first drive screw.

3. The intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first housing contains a first bevel gear set, and the second housing contains a drive gear set and a second bevel gear set.

4. The intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the top of the first mobile platform. Brush cylinders are fixedly connected to the top of both the U-shaped frame and the second machine cover. A handle and a brush rod are inserted into the brush cylinder from top to bottom. The bottom end of the handle is in contact with the top end of the brush rod. A first spring is fixedly connected inside the brush cylinder. One end of the first spring is fixed to the top end of the brush rod, and the other end of the first spring is fixed to the inner wall of the brush cylinder.

5. The intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two adjusters are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame. A first adjusting rod is inserted into one of the adjusters, and a second adjusting rod is inserted into the other adjuster. A first mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the first adjusting rod. The infrared thermal imager and the first adjusting rod are fixed together by the first mounting bracket. A second mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second adjusting rod. The acoustic emission sensor and the second adjusting rod are fixed together by the second mounting bracket. The acoustic emission sensor is located at the center of the copper alloy disk. A conductive slip ring is fitted on the outer wall of the acoustic emission sensor. A second spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the conductive slip ring. The top end of the second spring is in contact with the bottom of the conductive slip ring, and the bottom end of the second spring is fixed to the top end of the acoustic emission sensor.

6. The intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second adjustment mechanism includes a second linear guide rail and a first fixed seat symmetrically installed on both sides of the top of the second mounting base. A fifth bearing seat is fixedly connected to the top of both the second linear guide rail and the first fixed seat. A connecting plate is fixedly connected to the fifth bearing seat located at the top of the second linear guide rail. A second bearing seat is fixedly connected to the top of the second mounting base, and a second drive screw is rotatably connected inside the second bearing seat. A second handwheel is fixedly connected to one end of the second drive screw, and a second screw nut is threaded onto the outer wall of the second drive screw.

7. The intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second adjustment mechanism also includes a lifting platform installed on the top of the second mounting base. The bottom sides of the lifting platform are fixedly connected to a fifth linear guide rail and a second fixed base. The bottom of the fifth linear guide rail and the second fixed base are both fixedly connected to the fifth bearing seat. The fifth linear guide rail and the first fixed base, as well as the second linear guide rail and the second fixed base, are fixed together by scissor arms. There are four scissor arms in total, and they are divided into two groups of two. Each group of scissor arms is rotatably connected together by a rotating shaft.

8. The intermittent in-situ current-carrying friction testing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second adjustment mechanism further includes two third linear guide rails and two fourth linear guide rails symmetrically installed on the top of the lifting platform, wherein the two third linear guide rails and the two fourth linear guide rails are all installed opposite to each other on the lifting platform; The top of the third linear guide is fixedly connected to a third bearing seat, and a third drive screw is rotatably connected inside the third bearing seat. One end of the third drive screw is fixedly connected to a third handwheel. The top of the fourth linear guide is fixedly connected to a fourth bearing seat, and a fourth drive screw is rotatably connected inside the fourth bearing seat. One end of the fourth drive screw is fixedly connected to a fourth handwheel. The height of the fourth drive screw is greater than the height of the third drive screw, and the fourth drive screw is relatively perpendicular to the third drive screw in the horizontal direction. The third drive screw and the fourth drive screw are both threaded with a third screw nut. The top of the third screw nut is fixedly connected to a second moving platform, and the second moving platform is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third mounting base.

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