Automatic smoke exhausting and ventilating device for fire protection of constructional engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of smoke exhaust and ventilation, in particular to an automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for building engineering fire protection, which can realize sealed cleaning, automatic impurity collection and non-stop cleaning and comprises a cleaning component, a collection component, a ventilation component and a filtering component. The cleaning part comprises a cleaning ring, a ventilation block and a cleaning block, and the ventilation block and the cleaning block are located in the cleaning ring; and the collecting part comprises a collecting box and a collecting plate. According to the device, the functions of local sealing cleaning and local air draft can be achieved, sealing local cleaning, local ventilation and local sealing cleaning are carried out at the same time through the cleaning block, the cleaning and filtering continuity of the device is improved, when the device is subjected to local sealing, ventilation can be avoided, and the device is convenient to use. And the phenomenon that impurities are discharged through the ventilation cavity due to continuous ventilation during cleaning is prevented, untreated impurities are prevented from being discharged, and the phenomenon that the interior of the cleaning block is cleaned and ventilated at the same time is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smoke exhaust and ventilation technology, specifically to an automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Fire safety is of paramount importance in modern building engineering. When a fire occurs, the large amount of smoke and toxic gases produced seriously threaten people's lives and hinder rescue efforts. Automatic smoke exhaust ventilation devices, as a key component of building fire protection systems, directly affect the smoke exhaust effect at the fire scene. However, existing automatic smoke exhaust ventilation devices have revealed many problems in actual use and urgently need improvement and perfection.

[0003] Most automatic smoke extraction and ventilation systems currently lack effective self-cleaning functions. Over time, impurities from the smoke accumulate inside the system. These impurities not only increase the system's operating resistance and reduce the fan's efficiency but may even cause fan malfunctions. Moreover, cleaning the system usually requires stopping the equipment and disassembling relevant components before manual cleaning can be performed. This process is time-consuming and labor-intensive, severely impacting the continuity and timeliness of the building's fire protection system. If cleaning is required during a fire, it will significantly delay smoke extraction, posing a great risk to personnel evacuation and fire fighting.

[0004] During operation, the existing equipment lacks a dedicated collection and treatment mechanism for inhaled impurities. These impurities are scattered haphazardly inside the equipment, exacerbating the contamination level and increasing the difficulty and workload of subsequent cleaning. Furthermore, due to the inability to collect impurities in a timely and effective manner, they may recirculate with the airflow, further deteriorating the working environment of the equipment and shortening its service life.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides an automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic smoke exhaust ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering, so as to solve the problem of achieving sealed cleaning and automatic collection of impurities, and achieving cleaning without stopping the machine.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An automatic smoke exhaust ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering includes a cleaning component, a collecting component, a ventilation component, and a filtering component. The cleaning component includes a cleaning ring, a ventilation block, and a cleaning plate, with the ventilation block and the cleaning plate located inside the cleaning ring. The collecting component includes a collecting box and a collecting plate, with the collecting plate slidably connected inside the cleaning block and the collecting box installed inside the cleaning block and matching the collecting plate. The ventilation component includes a ventilation duct and ventilation slots, with the cleaning ring rotatably and sealingly connected to the top of the ventilation duct, and multiple ventilation slots located at the upper part of the ventilation duct. The filtering component includes a ventilation box and a filter plate, with the ventilation box rotatably connected to the ventilation duct. At the lower part of the duct, the filter plate is located inside the ventilation box. This device, through the arrangement of cleaning blocks and ventilation blocks, enables localized sealing and cleaning, as well as localized exhaust, during ventilation. When the cleaning blocks clean the ventilation duct, they perform sealing cleaning, achieving segmented cleaning and non-stop cleaning. During cleaning, the device performs sealed localized cleaning through the cleaning blocks, with localized ventilation and sealing cleaning occurring simultaneously, improving the continuity of cleaning and filtration. Furthermore, when the device performs localized sealing, it avoids ventilation, preventing impurities from being discharged through the ventilation cavity due to continued ventilation during cleaning, thus preventing the discharge of untreated impurities and preventing simultaneous cleaning and ventilation within the cleaning blocks.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning block has a cleaning groove on its inner bottom wall, which matches the ventilation groove; a collecting screw is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the cleaning block, and a collecting plate is threaded onto the outer wall of the collecting screw; a collecting bevel gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the collecting screw; a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the cleaning block, and a spiral spring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the rotating shaft, with the other end of the spiral spring fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the cleaning block; a collecting gear is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the bottom of the rotating shaft, and a rotating bevel gear is unidirectionally driven onto the outer wall of the lower part of the rotating shaft, the rotating bevel gear meshing with the collecting bevel gear; when in use, the cleaning ring rotates, causing the cleaning block to face one of the ventilation grooves, so that the cleaning groove and the ventilation groove are facing each other. When the rotating shaft rotates, it will drive the collecting plate to move, thereby cleaning the outer wall of the ventilation groove and achieving a sealing cleaning effect.

[0009] Preferably, an outer ring tooth is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cleaning ring, a fixing ring is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the ventilation pipe, a stepper motor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixing ring, a drive gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the stepper motor, and the drive gear meshes with the outer ring tooth.

[0010] Preferably, a toothed ring is fixedly installed on the top of the ventilation pipe. The inner wall of the toothed ring has inner ring teeth that mesh with the collecting gear. The inner ring teeth are divided into multiple segments, with a smooth plate positioned between each segment. The smooth plate is opposite to the center of the ventilation slot. In use, the device activates a stepper motor, which drives the drive gear to rotate. The rotation of the drive gear causes the outer ring teeth to rotate 90 degrees, changing the position of the cleaning block and sealing the outer walls of different ventilation slots. When the cleaning ring rotates, the collecting gear meshes with the inner ring teeth, driving the rotating shaft to rotate. Because the rotating bevel gear and the rotating shaft are connected in a unidirectional drive, the rotating shaft does not drive the collecting screw to rotate. Simultaneously, the worm spring is compressed. As the cleaning ring continues to rotate, when the collecting gear is opposite the polished plate, the collecting gear resets under the action of the worm spring. At this time, under the action of the collecting bevel gear and the rotating bevel gear, the collecting screw rotates, and the collecting plate on its outer wall is displaced, so that the collecting plate cleans the outer wall of the ventilation slot and sends the impurities into the interior of the collection box. This device, through the setting of cleaning blocks and ventilation blocks, can use the cleaning blocks and ventilation blocks alternately to achieve the use of multiple cavities. Ventilation is carried out through the ventilation blocks, while the cleaning blocks can be used for sealing and cleaning, and the function of automatically collecting impurities is realized, avoiding the phenomenon of simultaneous cleaning and ventilation, preventing impurities from being discharged. Moreover, the cleaning and the rotation of the cleaning ring of this device can realize the linkage function, realizing the functions of automatic cleaning and ventilation.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the rotating bevel gear is provided with a limiting groove, and the number of limiting grooves is multiple; the outer wall of the rotating shaft is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing spring is fixedly installed inside the sealing groove. The other end of the sealing spring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing plate, and one end of the sealing plate is hinged to the inner wall of the sealing groove. The limiting groove matches the sealing plate. In order to avoid the phenomenon that cleaning starts before the cleaning block is rotated into position, and to prevent the phenomenon that cleaning and ventilation occur simultaneously, when the collecting gear of this device rotates, it will mesh with the inner ring gear. At this time, the inclined surface of the sealing plate and the limiting groove are opposite, and the rotating bevel gear will not rotate with it. When the worm spring drives the rotating shaft to reset and rotate, the limiting groove on the inner wall of the rotating bevel gear is opposite to one end of the sealing plate, so that the rotating shaft drives the rotating bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the collecting screw to rotate, thereby realizing the function of automatic cleaning.

[0012] Preferably, a baffle is fixedly installed on the side wall of the collection plate, and a cleaning block is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the collection plate, the cleaning block matching the cleaning groove.

[0013] Preferably, a sealing box is slidably connected inside the collection box. A top plate is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sealing box, and the top plate abuts against the inclined surface of a top block. The top block is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the collection box. A top block is fixedly installed at one end of the top block, and the top block matches one end of the baffle. A return spring is installed at the other end of the top block, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box. A partition is installed on the inner wall of the collection box, and the partition matches the inner side wall of the sealing box. This device collects... When the lead screw drives the collecting plate to move, the collecting plate will cause the baffle and the abutment block to abut against each other. The abutment block moves inward, causing the abutment plate to drive the sealing box to move upward. The inside of the collecting box is open, which facilitates the storage of the collected impurities inside the collecting box. The baffle of this device can collect and gather impurities to prevent them from splashing. At the same time, the partition can block impurities and prevent them from being pushed into the collecting box and causing them to become disordered. After collection is completed, the device seals the inside of the collecting box with the sealing box to prevent impurities from being discharged.

[0014] Preferably, a sealing shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the sealing box, and a sealing gear is unidirectionally driven connected to the outer wall of the sealing shaft. The sealing gear meshes with a fixed toothed plate, which is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the collection box. The connection method between the sealing shaft and the sealing gear is the same as the connection method between the rotating shaft and the rotating bevel gear. An eccentric wheel is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sealing shaft, and the eccentric wheel matches the sealing box.

[0015] Preferably, a lower pressure plate is slidably connected to the inner top wall of the sealing box, and the lower pressure plate matches the eccentric wheel; a compression plate is fixedly installed at the other end of the lower pressure plate, and the compression plate is slidably connected inside the sealing box; a compression spring is fixedly installed on the top of the compression plate, and the other end of the compression spring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the sealing box; when the sealing box moves upward, the sealing gear at the top of the sealing box will mesh with the fixed toothed plate. Since the sealing gear is a one-way drive connection, the sealing shaft will not rotate at this time. When the sealing box descends, the sealing gear will drive the sealing shaft to rotate, and at the same time drive the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel abuts against the lower pressure plate to achieve reciprocating oscillation compression. The compression plate compresses the impurities inside the collection box to avoid occupying too much space.

[0016] Preferably, a scraper is rotatably connected to the top of the filter plate, and the scraper is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drive shaft. The drive shaft is rotatably connected inside the ventilation box, and the drive shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the timer motor. The timer motor is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the ventilation box. An exhaust box is sealed and conductively connected to the side wall of the ventilation box, and an exhaust fan is installed on the top of the exhaust box. There are two exhaust boxes. This device can achieve dual filtration and dust removal of air through the ventilation box. The air is extracted through the exhaust box and then filtered a second time through the filter plate. At the same time, the timer motor can periodically clean the filter plate to avoid clogging.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This device, through the arrangement of cleaning blocks and ventilation blocks, enables it to achieve localized sealing cleaning and localized exhaust during ventilation. When the cleaning blocks clean the ventilation pipes, they can perform sealed cleaning, achieving segmented cleaning and non-stop cleaning. During cleaning, the device performs sealed localized cleaning through the cleaning blocks, and ventilation and sealing cleaning are carried out simultaneously, improving the continuity of the device's cleaning and filtration. Furthermore, when the device performs localized sealing, it can avoid ventilation, preventing impurities from being discharged through the ventilation cavity due to continued ventilation during cleaning, avoiding the discharge of untreated impurities, and preventing the phenomenon of cleaning and ventilation occurring simultaneously inside the cleaning blocks.

[0018] 2. This device, through the setting of cleaning blocks and ventilation blocks, allows the device to use cleaning blocks and ventilation blocks alternately, realizing the use of multiple cavities. Ventilation is carried out through ventilation blocks, while cleaning blocks are used for sealing and cleaning, and the device can automatically collect impurities, avoiding the phenomenon of simultaneous cleaning and ventilation, and preventing impurities from being discharged. Furthermore, the rotation of the cleaning and cleaning rings of this device can achieve a linkage function, realizing automatic cleaning and ventilation functions.

[0019] 3. To prevent the cleaning block from starting cleaning before it has fully rotated and to prevent cleaning and ventilation from occurring simultaneously, this device ensures that when the collecting gear rotates, it meshes with the inner ring gear. At this time, the sealing plate and the inclined surface of the limiting groove are opposite each other, and the rotating bevel gear will not rotate with it. When the worm spring drives the rotating shaft to reset and rotate, the limiting groove on the inner wall of the rotating bevel gear is opposite to one end of the sealing plate, causing the rotating shaft to drive the rotating bevel gear to rotate, which in turn drives the collecting screw to rotate, thereby achieving the automatic cleaning function.

[0020] 4. When the collecting screw drives the collecting plate to move, the collecting plate will cause the baffle and the abutment block to abut against each other. The abutment block will move inward, causing the abutment plate to move the sealing box upward. The inside of the collecting box is open, which facilitates the storage of the collected impurities inside the collecting box. The baffle of this device can collect and gather impurities to prevent them from splashing. At the same time, the partition can block the impurities and prevent the impurities pushed into the collecting box from becoming disordered. After collection is completed, the device seals the inside of the collecting box with the sealing box to prevent the impurities from being discharged.

[0021] 5. When the sealing box moves upward, the sealing gear at the top of the sealing box will mesh with the fixed toothed plate. Since the sealing gear is a one-way drive connection, the sealing shaft will not rotate at this time. When the sealing box descends, the sealing gear will drive the sealing shaft to rotate, and at the same time drive the eccentric wheel to rotate. The eccentric wheel abuts against the lower pressure plate, realizing reciprocating oscillation compression. The compression plate compresses the impurities inside the collection box to avoid occupying too much space.

[0022] 6. This device can achieve dual filtration and dust removal of air through the ventilation box. The air is drawn in through the exhaust box and then filtered a second time through the filter plate. At the same time, a timer motor can clean the filter plate regularly to avoid clogging. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a frontal three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of the cleaning block of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional view of the cleaning block of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the ventilation duct of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the rotating shaft of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the collecting plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of the collection box of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-section of the collection box of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the sealed box of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the interior of the ventilation box of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1. Cleaning ring; 101. Outer ring tooth; 102. Fixing ring; 103. Stepper motor; 104. Drive gear; 2. Ventilation blocks; 3. Cleaning block; 301. Cleaning groove; 302. Collecting screw; 303. Rotating shaft; 304. Worm spring; 305. Rotating bevel gear; 306. Collecting gear; 307. Collecting bevel gear; 308. Limiting groove; 309. Sealing spring; 310. Sealing plate; 311. Sealing groove; 4. Collection box; 401. Sealed box; 402. Top plate; 403. Top inclined block; 404. Top block; 405. Return spring; 406. Sealing shaft; 407. Sealing gear; 408. Fixed toothed plate; 409. Eccentric wheel; 410. Lower pressure plate; 411. Compression plate; 412. Compression spring; 413. Partition plate; 5. Collection plate; 501. Baffle; 502. Cleaning block; 6. Ventilation duct; 601. Toothed ring; 602. Inner ring tooth; 603. Plain plate; 7. Ventilation slots; 8. Ventilation box; 801. Drive shaft; 802. Scraper; 803. Exhaust box; 804. Exhaust fan; 805. Timer motor; 9. Filter plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] An automatic smoke exhaust ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering, as shown in the attached... Figure 1-3 As shown, it includes a cleaning component, a collecting component, a ventilation component, and a filtering component; the cleaning component includes a cleaning ring 1, a ventilation block 2, and a cleaning block 3, with the ventilation block 2 and cleaning block 3 located inside the cleaning ring 1; the collecting component includes a collecting box 4 and a collecting plate 5, with the collecting plate 5 slidably connected inside the cleaning block 3, and the collecting box 4 installed inside the cleaning block 3 and matching the collecting plate 5; as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4As shown, the ventilation components include a ventilation pipe 6 and a ventilation slot 7. The cleaning ring 1 is rotatably connected to the top of the ventilation pipe 6, and the ventilation slot 7 is located in the upper part of the ventilation pipe 6, and there are multiple ventilation slots 7. The filtration components include a ventilation box 8 and a filter plate 9. The ventilation box 8 is rotatably connected to the lower part of the ventilation pipe 6, and the filter plate 9 is located inside the ventilation box 8. Through the arrangement of the cleaning block 3 and the ventilation block 2, this device can achieve local sealing cleaning and local exhaust functions during ventilation. When the cleaning block 3 cleans the ventilation pipe 6, it can perform sealing cleaning, realizing segmented cleaning and non-stop cleaning. During cleaning, the device performs local sealing cleaning through the cleaning block 3, and local ventilation and local sealing cleaning are carried out simultaneously, improving the continuity of cleaning and filtration of the device. When the device performs local sealing, it can avoid ventilation, preventing the phenomenon of impurities being discharged through the ventilation cavity due to continued ventilation during cleaning, preventing the discharge of untreated impurities, and preventing the phenomenon of cleaning and ventilation occurring simultaneously inside the cleaning block 3.

[0027] As attached Figure 1-3 As shown, a cleaning groove 301 is provided on the inner bottom wall of the cleaning block 3, which matches the ventilation groove 7; a collecting screw 302 is rotatably connected to the inner side wall of the cleaning block 3, and a collecting plate 5 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the collecting screw 302; a collecting bevel tooth 307 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the collecting screw 302; a rotating shaft 303 is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the cleaning block 3, and a spiral spring 304 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the rotating shaft 303; the other end of the spiral spring 304 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the cleaning block 3; A collecting gear 306 is fixedly installed on the outer wall at the bottom of the rotating shaft 303. A rotating bevel gear 305 is unidirectionally driven on the outer wall at the lower part of the rotating shaft 303. The rotating bevel gear 305 meshes with the collecting bevel gear 307. When this device is in use, the cleaning block 3 is aligned with one of the ventilation slots 7 by the rotation of the cleaning ring 1. At this time, the cleaning slot 301 is aligned with the ventilation slot 7. When the rotating shaft 303 rotates, it will drive the collecting plate 5 to move, thereby cleaning the outer wall of the ventilation slot 7 and achieving the effect of sealing and cleaning.

[0028] As attached Figure 1 As shown, an outer ring tooth 101 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cleaning ring 1, a fixing ring 102 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the ventilation pipe 6, a stepper motor 103 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixing ring 102, a drive gear 104 is fixedly installed at the output end of the stepper motor 103, and the drive gear 104 is meshed with the outer ring tooth 101.

[0029] As attached Figure 4As shown, a toothed ring 601 is fixedly installed on the top of the ventilation pipe 6. Inner ring teeth 602 are formed on the inner wall of the toothed ring 601, meshing with the collecting gear 306. The inner ring teeth 602 are multi-segmented, with a smooth plate 603 positioned between each segment. The smooth plate 603 is opposite to the middle of the ventilation slot 7. In use, the stepper motor 103 is activated, causing the stepper motor 103 to drive the drive gear 104 to rotate. The rotation of the drive gear 104 causes the outer ring teeth 101 to rotate 90 degrees, changing the position of the cleaning block 3 and sealing the outer walls of different ventilation slots 7. When the cleaning ring 1 rotates, the collecting gear 306 meshes with the inner ring teeth 602, thereby driving the rotating shaft 303 to rotate. Because the rotating bevel gear 305 and the rotating shaft 303 are connected in a unidirectional drive, the rotating shaft 303 will not drive the collecting screw 302 to rotate. Simultaneously, the worm spring... In the compressed state (304), when the cleaning ring 1 continues to rotate and the collecting gear 306 is opposite to the smooth plate 603, the collecting gear 306 is reset and rotated under the action of the worm spring 304. At this time, under the action of the collecting bevel gear 307 and the rotating bevel gear 305, the collecting screw 302 is rotated, and the collecting plate 5 on its outer wall is displaced, so that the collecting plate 5 cleans the outer wall of the ventilation slot 7 and sends the impurities into the interior of the collecting box 4. This device, through the setting of the cleaning block 3 and the ventilation block 2, can use the cleaning block 3 and the ventilation block 2 alternately to realize the use of multiple cavities. The ventilation block 2 is used for ventilation treatment, and the cleaning block 3 is used for sealing and cleaning, and realizes the function of automatically collecting impurities, avoiding the phenomenon of simultaneous cleaning and ventilation, and preventing impurities from being discharged. Moreover, the cleaning and the rotation of the cleaning ring 1 of this device can realize the linkage function, realizing the function of automatic cleaning and ventilation.

[0030] As attached Figure 5As shown, a limiting groove 308 is provided on the inner wall of the rotating bevel gear 305, and there are multiple limiting grooves 308; a sealing groove 311 is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 303, and a sealing spring 309 is fixedly installed inside the sealing groove 311. The other end of the sealing spring 309 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing plate 310, and one end of the sealing plate 310 is hinged to the inner wall of the sealing groove 311. The limiting groove 308 matches the sealing plate 310. This device is designed to prevent the cleaning block 3 from starting cleaning before it has rotated to the correct position, and to prevent cleaning from interfering with the flow of air. The phenomenon of simultaneous air and gas processing occurs during use. When the collecting gear 306 of this device rotates, it will mesh with the inner ring gear 602. At this time, the inclined surfaces of the sealing plate 310 and the limiting groove 308 are opposite, and the rotating bevel gear 305 will not rotate with it. When the worm spring 304 drives the rotating shaft 303 to reset and rotate, the limiting groove 308 on the inner wall of the rotating bevel gear 305 is opposite to one end of the sealing plate 310, so that the rotating shaft 303 drives the rotating bevel gear 305 to rotate, which in turn drives the collecting screw 302 to rotate, thereby realizing the automatic cleaning function.

[0031] As attached Figure 6 As shown, a baffle 501 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the collection plate 5, and a cleaning block 502 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the collection plate 5. The cleaning block 502 matches the cleaning groove 301.

[0032] As attached Figure 7-8 As shown, a sealing box 401 is slidably connected inside the collection box 4. A top plate 402 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sealing box 401. The top plate 402 abuts against the inclined surface of the top block 403. The top block 403 is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the collection box 4. A top block 404 is fixedly installed at one end of the top block 403. The top block 404 matches one end of the baffle 501. A return spring 405 is installed at the other end of the top block 403. The other end of the return spring 405 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box 4. A partition 413 is installed on the inner wall of the collection box 4. The partition 413 matches the inner side wall of the sealing box 401. This device uses a collecting screw 302. When the collecting plate 5 is moved, the collecting plate 5 will cause the baffle 501 to abut against the abutment block 404. The abutment block 404 moves inward, causing the abutment plate 402 to move the sealing box 401 upward. The inside of the collecting box 4 is open, which facilitates the storage of the collected impurities inside the collecting box 4. The baffle 501 of this device can collect and gather impurities to prevent impurities from splashing. At the same time, the partition 413 can block impurities and prevent the impurities pushed into the collecting box 4 from becoming disordered. After collection is completed, this device seals the inside of the collecting box 4 with the sealing box 401 to prevent the impurities from being discharged.

[0033] As attached Figure 7-8As shown, a sealing shaft 406 is rotatably connected to the top of the sealing box 401. A sealing gear 407 is unidirectionally driven connected to the outer wall of the sealing shaft 406. The sealing gear 407 meshes with a fixed toothed plate 408, which is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the collection box 4. The connection method between the sealing shaft 406 and the sealing gear 407 is the same as the connection method between the rotating shaft 303 and the rotating bevel gear 305. An eccentric wheel 409 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sealing shaft 406, and the eccentric wheel 409 matches the sealing box 401.

[0034] As attached Figure 9 As shown, a lower pressure plate 410 is slidably connected to the inner top wall of the sealing box 401, and the lower pressure plate 410 matches the eccentric wheel 409; a compression plate 411 is fixedly installed at the other end of the lower pressure plate 410, and the compression plate 411 is slidably connected inside the sealing box 401; a compression spring 412 is fixedly installed on the top of the compression plate 411, and the other end of the compression spring 412 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the sealing box 401; when the sealing box 401 moves upward, the sealing box 401... The top sealing gear 407 will mesh with the fixed toothed plate 408. Since the sealing gear 407 is a one-way drive connection, the sealing shaft 406 will not rotate at this time. When the sealing box 401 descends, the sealing gear 407 will drive the sealing shaft 406 to rotate, and at the same time drive the eccentric wheel 409 to rotate. The eccentric wheel 409 abuts against the lower pressure plate 410 to achieve reciprocating oscillation compression. The compression plate 411 compresses the impurities inside the collection box 4 to avoid occupying too much space.

[0035] As attached Figure 10 As shown, a scraper 802 is rotatably connected to the top of the filter plate 9. The scraper 802 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drive shaft 801, which is rotatably connected inside the ventilation box 8. The drive shaft 801 is fixedly connected to the output end of the timer motor 805, which is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the ventilation box 8. An exhaust box 803 is sealed and conductively connected to the side wall of the ventilation box 8. An exhaust fan 804 is installed on the top of the exhaust box 803. There are two exhaust boxes 803. This device can achieve dual filtration and dust removal of air through the ventilation box 8. The air is drawn out by the exhaust box 803 and then filtered a second time through the filter plate 9. During the process, the timer motor 805 can periodically clean the filter plate 9 to avoid clogging.

[0036] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," which indicate direction or positional relationships, are based on the direction or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These are used merely for ease of description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after such changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering, characterized in that, Includes cleaning components, collection components, ventilation components, and filtration components; The cleaning component includes a cleaning ring (1), a ventilation block (2), and a cleaning block (3), wherein the ventilation block (2) and the cleaning block (3) are located inside the cleaning ring (1); The collection component includes a collection box (4) and a collection plate (5). The collection plate (5) is slidably connected inside the cleaning block (3). The collection box (4) is installed inside the cleaning block (3) and matches the collection plate (5). The ventilation component includes a ventilation pipe (6) and a ventilation slot (7). The cleaning ring (1) is rotatably connected to the top of the ventilation pipe (6). The ventilation slot (7) is located at the upper part of the ventilation pipe (6), and there are multiple ventilation slots (7). The filter component includes a ventilation box (8) and a filter plate (9). The ventilation box (8) is sealed to the lower part of the ventilation pipe (6), and the filter plate (9) is located inside the ventilation box (8).

2. The automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cleaning groove (301) is provided on the inner bottom wall of the cleaning block (3), and the cleaning groove (301) matches the ventilation groove (7); A collecting screw (302) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cleaning block (3), and the collecting plate (5) is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the collecting screw (302). A collecting umbrella tooth (307) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of one end of the collecting screw (302). A rotating shaft (303) is rotatably connected to the inner bottom wall of the cleaning block (3), and a spiral spring (304) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the rotating shaft (303). The other end of the spiral spring (304) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the cleaning block (3). A collecting gear (306) is fixedly installed on the outer wall at the bottom of the rotating shaft (303), and a rotating bevel gear (305) is unidirectionally driven connected to the outer wall at the lower part of the rotating shaft (303). The rotating bevel gear (305) meshes with the collecting bevel gear (307).

3. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that, An outer ring tooth (101) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the cleaning ring (1), a fixing ring (102) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the top of the ventilation pipe (6), a stepper motor (103) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixing ring (102), a drive gear (104) is fixedly installed at the output end of the stepper motor (103), and the drive gear (104) meshes with the outer ring tooth (101).

4. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that, A toothed ring (601) is fixedly installed on the top of the ventilation pipe (6). An inner ring tooth (602) is provided on the inner wall of the toothed ring (601). The inner ring tooth (602) meshes with the collecting gear (306). The inner ring tooth (602) is configured as multiple segments. A smooth plate (603) is provided between the multiple segments of the inner ring tooth (602). The smooth plate (603) is opposite to the middle of the ventilation groove (7).

5. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the rotating bevel gear (305) is provided with a limiting groove (308), and there are multiple limiting grooves (308); A sealing groove (311) is provided on the outer wall of the rotating shaft (303). A sealing spring (309) is fixedly installed inside the sealing groove (311). The other end of the sealing spring (309) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sealing plate (310). One end of the sealing plate (310) is hinged to the inner wall of the sealing groove (311). The limiting groove (308) matches the sealing plate (310).

6. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that, A baffle (501) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the collection plate (5), and a cleaning block (502) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the collection plate (5). The cleaning block (502) matches the cleaning groove (301).

7. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 6, characterized in that, The collection box (4) is slidably connected to a sealing box (401). A top plate (402) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sealing box (401). The top plate (402) abuts against the inclined surface of the top plate (403). The top plate (403) is slidably connected to the inner side wall of the collection box (4). A top block (404) is fixedly installed at one end of the top plate (403). The top block (404) matches one end of the baffle (501). A return spring (405) is installed at the other end of the top plate (403). The other end of the return spring (405) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the collection box (4). A partition (413) is installed on the inner wall of the collection box (4). The partition (413) matches the inner side wall of the sealing box (401).

8. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that, The top of the sealing box (401) is rotatably connected to a sealing shaft (406), and a sealing gear (407) is unidirectionally driven connected to the outer wall of the sealing shaft (406). The sealing gear (407) is meshed with a fixed toothed plate (408), and the fixed toothed plate (408) is fixedly installed on the inner top wall of the collection box (4). The connection method between the sealing shaft (406) and the sealing gear (407) is the same as the connection method between the rotating shaft (303) and the rotating bevel gear (305); An eccentric wheel (409) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the sealing shaft (406), and the eccentric wheel (409) matches the sealing box (401).

9. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 8, characterized in that, A lower pressure plate (410) is slidably connected to the inner top wall of the sealing box (401), and the lower pressure plate (410) is matched with the eccentric wheel (409); A compression plate (411) is fixedly installed at the other end of the lower pressure plate (410). The compression plate (411) is slidably connected inside the sealing box (401). A compression spring (412) is fixedly installed on the top of the compression plate (411). The other end of the compression spring (412) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the sealing box (401).

10. An automatic smoke exhaust and ventilation device for fire protection in building engineering according to claim 9, characterized in that, A scraper (802) is rotatably connected to the top of the filter plate (9). The scraper (802) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the drive shaft (801). The drive shaft (801) is rotatably connected inside the ventilation box (8). The drive shaft (801) is fixedly connected to the output end of the timer motor (805). The timer motor (805) is fixedly installed on the inner bottom wall of the ventilation box (8). The ventilation box (8) has a sealed and conductive connection to an exhaust box (803) on its side wall. An exhaust fan (804) is installed on the top of the exhaust box (803). There are two exhaust boxes (803).

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