Antenna arrangement for radar sensor
By designing structured components and using specific materials in the antenna arrangement of radar sensors, the waveguide channels and radiation characteristics are optimized, solving the problems of insufficient wave propagation characteristics and antenna characteristics in the prior art, and achieving more efficient radar performance and better radiation characteristics.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
There is room for improvement in the antenna arrangement structure of existing radar sensors in terms of wave propagation characteristics and antenna characteristics, especially since undesirable surface effects and parasitic reflection effects are not fully utilized.
A waveguide antenna consisting of a one-piece antenna body and a circuit board is constructed by designing structured parts on the first and second surfaces of the antenna body to realize the wave interface, waveguide structure, and transmit/receive structure. Undesirable surface effects are reduced and the impedance matching and radiation characteristics of the waveguide channel are optimized through the design of adjustment pins, impedance matching pins, waveguide ribs and absorbing materials.
It achieves improved wave propagation characteristics and antenna efficiency, reduces unwanted surface effects and parasitic reflections, provides a simple and cost-effective configuration, and improves the performance of radar sensors.
Smart Images
Figure CN121812942A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to an antenna arrangement structure for radar sensors. Background Technology
[0002] Antenna arrangements for radar sensors are known in principle. Known antenna arrangements include, for example, antenna bodies with specific waveguide structures. The potential for developing antenna arrangements with improved wave propagation and antenna characteristics has not been fully realized. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The objective of this invention is to provide an improved antenna arrangement structure for radar sensors, which has desired wave propagation characteristics and improved antenna performance.
[0004] The task is accomplished by an antenna arrangement having the features of claim 1. Here, the features and details described in connection with different embodiments of the invention are of course also applicable to other embodiments, and vice versa; thus, disclosures relating to various embodiments are always mutually referential, or may be mutually referential.
[0005] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides an antenna arrangement structure for a radar sensor. The antenna arrangement structure has (preferably one-piece) an antenna body and a circuit board, the antenna body and the circuit board jointly constructing a waveguide antenna (or an air-filled waveguide). On one hand, the antenna body has a first surface facing the circuit board. On the other hand, the antenna body has a second surface facing away from the circuit board.
[0006] Advantageously, the first surface is configured with a first structured portion as follows:
[0007] - Enables the provision of a wave interface to the circuit board.
[0008] - And construct waveguide structures.
[0009] Furthermore, the antenna body is implemented with transmitting and / or receiving structures (which may be referred to as Tx and / or Rx), for example, in the form of through-hole openings. These structures can be used to guide radar waves from the inside out and / or from the outside in with respect to waveguide antennas.
[0010] Advantageously, the second surface is constructed with a second structured part, which reduces undesirable surface effects, especially parasitic reflection effects of vehicle parts.
[0011] Therefore, the antenna arrangement structure according to the present invention can achieve the following important functions:
[0012] 1) Wave interface to the power supply components on the circuit board,
[0013] 2) Waveguide structure or waveguide profile (used to guide radar waves).
[0014] 3) Transmit / receive structure,
[0015] 4) Structures used to reduce undesirable surface effects.
[0016] The antenna arrangement structure according to the present invention has improved efficiency and a simple and cost-effective configuration.
[0017] Here, the first structuring section may have a plurality of pins arranged on the first surface to construct a waveguide channel between the wave interface and the transmitting and / or receiving structure. The diameter, height, and distance between the pins may be selected such that, within an air gap tolerance, for example, within a range of 0.15 mm ± 0.1 mm, the desired wave mode can have acceptable propagation characteristics within the waveguide channel and low leakage between the waveguide channels.
[0018] Advantageously, the pins may have a defined height, a defined diameter, a defined shape, and / or a defined distance between them, wherein the height, diameter, shape, and / or distance are determined to allow an air gap between the pins and the circuit board, for example, an air gap in the range of 0.15 mm ± 0.1 mm. Despite the presence of the air gap, the desired wave propagation characteristics can be ensured within the waveguide channels, and leakage between the waveguide channels can be avoided, and preferably minimized. In this way, soldering or possible connection between the pins and the circuit board can be eliminated.
[0019] Furthermore, the height, diameter, shape, and spacing of the pins can be adjusted to create local minima for coupling between waveguide channels. This eliminates the need for soldering the pins to the circuit board.
[0020] Furthermore, the first structured portion may have targeted impedance matching pins arranged on a first surface in the region of the waveguide interface to the circuit board. Impedance matching of the input wave to the waveguide channel can be achieved in this manner.
[0021] Advantageously, the impedance matching pin has a defined height, a defined shape, and / or a defined position on the first surface, which are determined to achieve impedance matching, particularly impedance equalization, between the feed opening of the circuit board and the antenna body in the region of the wave interface to the circuit board. For example, the matching height may be less than the defined height of the pin. In this way, improved impedance matching, preferably improved impedance matching between the conductive layer on the circuit board and the first surface of the antenna body facing the circuit board, can be achieved over the entire air gap tolerance range. Here, the impedance matching pin can be used as an impedance transformer and achieve the desired broadband impedance matching.
[0022] Furthermore, the first structured portion may have waveguide ribs arranged on the first surface to support waveguide laying along the waveguide channel between the wave interface and the transmitting and / or receiving structures. In this way, the first structured portion can constitute a so-called "ridged gap waveguide" (RGW).
[0023] Advantageously, the waveguide channel can be defined by one, two, or even multiple rows of pins, with or without waveguide ribs. Preferably, the pins can be arranged on the first surface outside the waveguide channel in any location where the structural space between the antenna body and the circuit board allows for their placement. Waveguide ribs can be arranged between the pins to further reduce losses and contribute to channel isolation, particularly when only one row of pins is used between parallel waveguide channels.
[0024] The geometric parameters of the pins and / or the waveguide ribs can be advantageously selected such that local minima are generated for coupling between waveguide channels. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the pins and / or waveguide ribs to discontinuities in the wiring relative to the air gap size in terms of transmission and reflection behavior (amplitude and phase) can be minimized through targeted selection of the pins and / or waveguide ribs.
[0025] Furthermore, waveguide ribs can have a descending ramp in the area of the feed opening on the circuit board to achieve impedance matching, particularly impedance equalization. Additionally, waveguide ribs can have a descending ramp in the areas of the transmitting and / or receiving structures to achieve impedance matching, particularly impedance equalization.
[0026] Preferably, the location of the waveguide ribs and the dimensions of the transmitting structure and / or (e.g., in the form of vias or slots) receiving structure can be selectively chosen to achieve desired efficiency and / or desired antenna characteristics. Here, the slot size and the location of the waveguide ribs can be selected such that good and robust input matching, good efficiency, and antenna pattern shape along with air gap tolerances are achieved.
[0027] Advantageously, viewed in cross-section through the antenna body, the opening within the transmitting and / or receiving structures can have a funnel shape that expands outward. This allows for simple through-hole openings during manufacturing.
[0028] Furthermore, the second structured portion may have multiple pins, which are, for example, cylindrical, semi-circular, rectangular, and / or cubic in shape, arranged on the second surface in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures to reduce undesirable surface effects, particularly parasitic reflections. This reduces undesirable parasitic radiation from the second surface. Simultaneously, it reduces undesirable rearward radiation toward vehicle components. This mitigates the degradation of far-field amplitude (fluctuations) and far-field phase (“cleaner radiation pattern”). In this way, better radiation characteristics can be achieved for antenna operation, particularly for antenna operation behind painted bumper coatings.
[0029] Furthermore, the second structuring section may have a serrated structure, which is arranged on the second surface in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures to reduce undesirable surface effects. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 15 By using a sawtooth structure, the backscattering cross section of the second surface that is effective against radar waves can be reduced.
[0030] In principle, the antenna body can be molded from plastic, particularly glass fiber reinforced plastic, for example, within the scope of injection molding processes. Furthermore, the antenna body can have a metal cladding, particularly only on the first surface facing the circuit board.
[0031] Furthermore, the second structured portion can have an absorbing material, which can be disposed on the second surface in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures to reduce undesirable surface effects. In principle, the antenna body can be formed from the absorbing material, for example, by injection molding, wherein the antenna body is (particularly) fully metallized (or coated with a metallic material) after forming, and then the metallized portion is removed to impart absorption characteristics to the second structured portion. In this way, undesirable parasitic radiation on the second surface can be reduced. Additionally, partial metallization can be used on the antenna body (preferably only on the first surface, not on the second surface) to further influence undesirable waves. For example, the upper metallization of the antenna body can be omitted or completely or partially removed. Attached Figure Description
[0032] The invention will now be described in more detail with the aid of the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
[0033] Figure 1 A perspective view of the antenna arrangement structure is shown.
[0034] Figure 2 An exemplary cross-sectional view through the antenna arrangement structure is shown.
[0035] Figure 3 A top view of the first surface is shown.
[0036] Figure 4a This shows a top view of the first surface in the wave interface region.
[0037] Figure 4b A perspective view of the first surface with impedance matching pins is shown.
[0038] Figure 5a and Figure 5b Exemplary impedance matching with and without impedance matching pins are shown.
[0039] Figure 5c and Figure 5d Exemplary reflection and transmission behavior with and without impedance matching pins are shown.
[0040] Figure 6a and Figure 6b Exemplary reflection and transmission behavior with and without impedance matching pins are shown.
[0041] Figure 7 An exemplary partial view of the first surface in the waveguide channel region is shown.
[0042] Figure 8 An exemplary portion of the first surface is shown in the regions of two parallel-guided waveguide channels.
[0043] Figure 9 An exemplary cross-sectional view of the antenna arrangement structure perpendicular to the waveguide channel is shown.
[0044] Figure 10 This illustrates the coupling behavior between two adjacent waveguide channels separated by a pin, depending on the size of the air gap.
[0045] Figure 11 An exemplary transmit / receive structure is shown on a first surface facing the circuit board.
[0046] Figure 12 An exemplary transmit / receive structure is shown on a second surface facing outward space.
[0047] Figure 13 An exemplary cross-sectional view is shown through a transmit / receive structure with a funnel-shaped through-hole / opening.
[0048] Figure 14 An exemplary second structured portion is shown on a second surface facing outwards, and
[0049] Figure 15 An exemplary second structured section is shown on a second surface facing outwards. Detailed Implementation
[0050] like Figure 1As illustrated in Figure 4, the present invention proposes an antenna arrangement structure 100 for a radar sensor S. Here, the antenna arrangement structure 100 has (preferably one-piece) an antenna body 10 and a circuit board 20, which together constitute a waveguide antenna (especially an air-filled waveguide).
[0051] On one hand, the antenna body 10 has a first surface 11 facing the circuit board 20 (see...). Figure 3 ).
[0052] On the other hand, the antenna body 10 has a second surface 12 facing away from the circuit board 20 (see Figure 1 ).
[0053] like Figure 3 As shown, the first surface 11 is constructed with a first structured portion S1 as follows:
[0054] - In order to provide wave interface 1 to circuit board 20,
[0055] - And in order to construct waveguide structure 2.
[0056] like Figure 2 The antenna body 10 is provided with a transmitting and / or receiving structure 3 (which may also be labeled Tx and / or Rx).
[0057] The transmitting and / or receiving structure 3 forms a through-hole opening to guide radar waves from the inside out and / or from the outside in relative to the waveguide antenna.
[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, the second surface 12 is constructed with a second structured portion S2 as follows:
[0059] - In order to reduce undesirable surface effects, especially parasitic reflection effects on vehicle parts.
[0060] Therefore, the antenna arrangement structure 100 according to the present invention has the following functionally important structures:
[0061] 1) Wave interface 1 to the feed element of circuit board 20,
[0062] 2) Waveguide structure 2 or waveguide profile (used to guide radar waves).
[0063] 3) Transmit / receive structure 3,
[0064] 4) Structures for reducing undesirable surface effects 4.
[0065] In this way, improved efficiency, improved performance, and a simple and cost-effective configuration can be achieved for the antenna arrangement structure 100.
[0066] like Figure 3 and Figure 4a as well as Figure 4b The first structuring section S1 may have a plurality of pins P arranged on the first surface 11 to construct a waveguide channel WLK between the wave interface 1 and the transmitting and / or receiving structure 3.
[0067] Advantageously, pins P can have a defined height h, a defined diameter, a defined shape, and / or a defined distance between them, which are determined such that an air gap s between pins P and circuit board 20, for example, in the range of 0.15 mm ± 0.1 mm, is allowed. Despite the presence of the air gap, desired wave propagation characteristics can be ensured within the waveguide channel WLK, and leakage between the waveguide channels WLK can be avoided, and preferably minimized. In this way, soldering or any connection between pins P and circuit board 20 can be eliminated.
[0068] Furthermore, the shape and spacing of the pins P can be adjusted to produce a local minimum for coupling formation (or simply coupling) between waveguide channels WLK, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 10 Here, Figure 10 This demonstrates that even with varying gaps, the frequency remains stable for the local minima of the coupling. The pin acts as an inductor, and the air gap between pin P and circuit board 20 acts as a capacitor. At a specific frequency, the inductor and the capacitor can function as an oscillating circuit.
[0069] like Figure 4b As indicated, the first structured part S1 may have a targeted placement of impedance matching pins Pa, which are arranged on the first surface 11 in the region of the wave interface 1 to the circuit board 20. Figure 4b The developed wave interface 1 between the feed opening SO on the circuit board 20 and the antenna body 10 is shown. In this way, broadband impedance matching can be achieved between the feed opening and the waveguide channel WLK.
[0070] Advantageously, the impedance matching pin Pa can have a defined height ha, a defined shape, and / or a defined position on the first surface 11, determined such that impedance matching, particularly impedance equalization, can be achieved between the feed opening SO of the circuit board 20 and the antenna body 10 in the region to the wave interface 1 of the circuit board 20. For example, the matching height ha can be less than the defined height h of the pin P. In this way, improved impedance matching can be achieved, particularly improved impedance matching over the entire air gap tolerance range between the copper layer of the circuit board 20 and the first surface 11 of the antenna body 10 facing the circuit board 20. Here, the impedance matching pin Pa can function as an impedance transformer and achieve the desired broadband impedance matching.
[0071] Figures 5 and 6 illustrate this positive effect. Matching was improved by at least 5 dB in the desired frequency range of 76–81 GHz.
[0072] Figure 5a This shows the impedance matching achieved with the impedance matching pin Pa, and Figure 5b This shows the impedance matching achieved without the impedance matching pin Pa.
[0073] Figure 5c The diagram shows the reflection behavior at the entrance of the waveguide channel WLK without the impedance matching pin Pa (with a peak at approximately -30 dB) and with the impedance matching pin Pa (with a peak at approximately -40 dB). It can be seen that the impedance matching pin Pa significantly improves the reflection behavior. Figure 5d The diagram shows the port-to-port transmission behavior of the waveguide channel WLK without the impedance matching pin Pa (with a narrow bell profile at approximately 74 GHz) and with the impedance matching pin Pa (with a significantly wider bell profile between 76 GHz and 86 GHz). It can be seen that the impedance matching pin Pa significantly improves the transmission behavior.
[0074] Figure 6a The reflection and transmission behavior is shown on the left side when the mating pin Pa is present, and Figure 6b The reflection and transmission behavior is shown without the impedance matching pin Pa (right side).
[0075] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the first structured section S1 may have waveguide ribs WLS arranged on the first surface 11 to support waveguide guidance along the waveguide channel WLK between the wave interface 1 and the transmitting and / or receiving structure 3. In this way, the first structured section S1 can constitute a so-called ridged gap waveguide (or simply RGW), as shown in... Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in the image.
[0076] Advantageously, the waveguide channel WLK (with or without waveguide ribs WLS) can pass through at least one row (see Figure 8 ), two rows (see) Figure 7 ) or even multiple rows (see Figure 3 Pin P is used for boundary. Preferably, pin P can be arranged at any position on the first surface 11 outside the waveguide channel WLK (see [reference]). Figure 3The structural space between the antenna body 10 and the circuit board 20 in the aforementioned location allows for this. Waveguide ribs (WLS) can be arranged between the pins P to further reduce losses and aid in channel isolation, especially when only one row of pins P is used.
[0077] The geometric parameters of the pin P and / or waveguide rib WLS can be advantageously selected such that local minima are generated for coupling between waveguide channels WLK. Furthermore, by selectively choosing the pin P and / or waveguide rib WLS, the sensitivity to discontinuities in the wiring relative to the air gap size in terms of transmission and reflection behavior (amplitude and phase) can be minimized.
[0078] In addition, the waveguide rib WLS can have a descending ramp or step in the region of the feed opening SO of the circuit board 20 to enable impedance matching, especially impedance equalization, see Figure 4.
[0079] Furthermore, the waveguide rib (WLS) can have a descending ramp in the region of the transmitting and / or receiving structure 3 to enable impedance matching, particularly impedance equalization, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 .
[0080] Preferably, the location of the waveguide rib WLS and the size of the transmitting and / or receiving structure 3 (e.g., in the form of a via or slot) can be selectively chosen to achieve the desired efficiency and / or desired antenna characteristics. Here, the size of the slot and the location of the waveguide rib WLS can be selected such that good and robust input matching, good efficiency, and the desired shape of the antenna pattern, including air gap tolerances, can be achieved.
[0081] Advantageously, viewed in a cross-section through the antenna body 10, the opening within the transmitting and / or receiving structure 3 can have a funnel shape that expands in an outward direction, see [reference needed]. Figure 13 .
[0082] While conventional transmit and / or receive structures 3 are adapted to straight transmission lines, in which the radiating element must be offset relative to the transmission line, the proposed transmit and / or receive structure 3 operates in a different manner. Here, pin P can be used to construct a curved transmission line on the first surface 11 of the antenna body 10 to achieve amplitude distribution, see [reference needed]. Figure 11 In this way, highly symmetrical patterns can be achieved, thus making the feeding direction irrelevant. Furthermore, since the openings within the transmitting and / or receiving structures 3 do not need to be offset from each other, "butterfly-lobes" can be avoided.
[0083] Furthermore, the second structuring section S2 may have multiple rectangular and / or cubical bolts ST (or other shapes, such as cylindrical, semi-circular, etc.), which are arranged on the second surface 12 in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures 3 to reduce undesirable surface effects 4, particularly parasitic radiation effects and coupling formation, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 14 In this way, undesirable parasitic radiation from the second surface 12 can be reduced. Simultaneously, undesirable rear-side radiation from vehicle components can be reduced. This can mitigate the deterioration of far-field amplitude for fluctuations and the deterioration of far-field phase for a "cleaner radiation pattern." In this way, better radiation characteristics can be achieved for antenna operation, for example, after a painted bumper coating.
[0084] Furthermore, the second structuring section S2 may have a serrated structure ZS, which is arranged on the second surface 12 in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures 3 to reduce undesirable surface effects 4. (See also...) Figure 15 By utilizing the sawtooth structure ZS, the backscattering cross section of the second surface 12 that is effective for radar waves can be reduced.
[0085] In principle, the antenna body 10 can be molded from plastic, particularly glass fiber reinforced plastic, for example, within the scope of injection molding processes. Furthermore, the antenna body 10 can have a metal cladding, particularly only on the first surface 11 facing the circuit board 20.
[0086] Furthermore, the second structuring portion S2 may have an absorbing material, which may be arranged on the second surface 12 in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures 3 to reduce undesirable surface effects 4. In this way, undesirable parasitic radiation from the second surface 12 can be reduced. Additionally, the partial metallization portion may preferably be used only on the first surface 11 and not on the second surface 12 on the antenna body 10 to further influence undesirable waves. For example, the upper metallization portion of the antenna body 10 may be omitted or removed.
[0087] The above description of the accompanying drawings illustrates the invention only within the scope of examples. Of course, the individual features of each embodiment can be freely combined with each other without departing from the scope of the invention, provided it is technically meaningful.
[0088] List of reference numerals
[0089] 100 antenna arrangement structure
[0090] 10 antenna body
[0091] 11 First Surface
[0092] S1 First Structured Section
[0093] 12 Second Surface
[0094] S2 Second Structural Section
[0095] 1 wave interface
[0096] 2 waveguide structure
[0097] 3. Transmit and / or receive structure
[0098] 4 Undesirable surface effects
[0099] P-sales
[0100] h height
[0101] Pa impedance matching pin
[0102] ha matching height
[0103] WLK waveguide channel
[0104] WLS waveguide ribs
[0105] ST bolt
[0106] ZS sawtooth structure
[0107] 20 circuit boards
[0108] SO feed opening
Claims
1. An antenna arrangement structure (100) for a radar sensor (S), comprising: The antenna body (10) and the circuit board (20) together constitute a waveguide antenna. The antenna body (10) has a first surface (11) facing the circuit board (20), and The antenna body (10) has a second surface (12) that is away from the circuit board (20). The first surface (11) is provided with a first structured part (S1), which provides a wave interface (1) to the circuit board (20) and constructs a waveguide structure (2). The antenna body (10) has a transmitting and / or receiving structure (3). The second surface (12) is constructed with a second structured part (S2), which reduces undesirable surface effects (4).
2. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The first structured part (S1) has a plurality of pins (P) arranged on the first surface (11) to form a waveguide channel (WLK) between the wave interface (1) and the transmitting and / or receiving structure (3).
3. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to claim 2, wherein, The pins (P) have a defined height (h), a defined diameter, a defined shape, and / or a defined distance between each other, wherein the height, diameter, shape, and / or distance are determined to allow an air gap (s) between the pins (P) and the circuit board (20), for example, an air gap in the range of 0.15 mm ± 0.1 mm, and still ensure the desired wave propagation characteristics within the waveguide channel (WLK), and enable the avoidance, preferably minimization, of leakage between the waveguide channels (WLK), and / or The height, diameter, shape, and / or distance of the pin (P) are adjusted to produce a local minima for coupling between waveguide channels (WLK).
4. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The first structured part (S1) has a targeted impedance matching pin (Pa) arranged on the first surface (11) in the region of the wave interface (1) to the circuit board (20).
5. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to the preceding claim, wherein, The impedance matching pin (Pa) has a defined height (ha), a defined shape, and / or a defined position on the first surface (11), the height, shape, and / or position being determined to achieve impedance matching, particularly impedance equalization, between the feed opening (SO) of the circuit board (20) and the antenna body (10) in the region of the wave interface (1) to the circuit board (20). Specifically, the height (ha) is less than the defined height (h) of the plurality of pins (P).
6. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The pin (P) is arranged on the first surface (11) outside the waveguide channel (WLK) in any location where the pin can be arranged in the structural space between the antenna body (10) and the circuit board (20).
7. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The first structured part (S1) has a waveguide rib (WLS) arranged on the first surface (11) to support waveguide guidance along the waveguide channel (WLK) between the wave interface (1) and the transmitting and / or receiving structure (3).
8. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The waveguide channel (WLK) is bounded by one, two, or more rows of pins (P), and the waveguide channel may or may not have waveguide ribs (WLS), and / or The geometric parameters of the pin (P) and the waveguide rib (WLS) are determined such that a local minimum is generated for coupling between the waveguide channels (WLK).
9. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The waveguide rib (WLS) has a descending ramp in the region of the feed opening (SO) of the circuit board (20) to achieve impedance matching, particularly impedance equalization, and / or The waveguide rib (WLS) has a descending ramp in the region of the transmitting and / or receiving structure (3) to achieve impedance matching, in particular impedance equalization.
10. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The location of the waveguide rib (WLS) and the size of the transmitting and / or receiving structure (3) are selectively chosen to achieve the desired efficiency and / or desired antenna characteristics.
11. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, Viewed in cross section through the antenna body (10), the opening within the transmitting and / or receiving structure (3) has a funnel shape, which opens outward.
12. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The second structured part (S2) has a plurality of pins (ST), which are, for example, cylindrical, semi-circular, rectangular and / or cubic in shape, arranged on the second surface (12) in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures (3) in order to reduce undesirable surface effects (4), particularly parasitic reflection effects.
13. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The second structuring section (S2) has a sawtooth structure (ZS) arranged on the second surface (12) in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures (3) in order to reduce undesirable surface effects (4).
14. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The second structuring section (S2) has an absorbent material disposed on the second surface (12) in the region between the transmitting and / or receiving structures (3) to reduce undesirable surface effects (4), and / or The antenna body (10) is formed from an absorbing material, for example by injection molding, wherein the antenna body (10) is metallized, particularly fully metallized, after forming, and then the metallized portion is removed in order to impart absorption characteristics to the second structured portion (S2).
15. The antenna arrangement structure (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The antenna body (10) is molded from plastic, particularly glass fiber reinforced plastic, and / or The antenna body (10) is manufactured by injection molding, and / or The antenna body (10) has a metal cladding, particularly on the first surface (11) facing the circuit board (20).