Bluetooth-based intelligent warehousing system and control method

Abstract

A Bluetooth-based intelligent warehousing system and control method, relating to the field of warehousing management technology, includes: multiple active Bluetooth tags installed inside a metal tubular cargo; each active Bluetooth tag includes a Bluetooth communication module and a directional antenna; the Bluetooth communication module performs frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay to broadcast data packets containing its own unique identification code; the directional antenna converges along the axial direction of the metal tubular cargo and transmits and receives signals; an application in a terminal device controls a Bluetooth scanning module to cyclically listen on multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels to batch collect the unique identification codes broadcast by multiple active Bluetooth tags within a preset scanning time to obtain an identification code set; a server receives the identification code set, queries the database for cargo information associated with each unique identification code, and updates the corresponding cargo's warehousing status. Implementing this technical solution improves warehousing management efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of warehouse management technology, specifically to a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehouse system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of warehousing management of large metal goods such as steel pipes and profiles, the processes of goods entering and leaving the warehouse and inventory counting usually rely on manual counting or scanning barcodes and QR codes affixed to each item. The main technical problems with this approach are as follows: First, for large quantities of stacked steel pipes, scanning each item individually is extremely inefficient, consuming significant manpower and time, and severely restricting the overall efficiency of warehouse circulation. Second, due to the complex warehousing environment, barcodes or QR codes are easily damaged, worn, or obstructed, making them difficult for scanning equipment to identify, easily leading to missed scans and incorrect scans, directly affecting the accuracy and real-time nature of inventory data. Although some solutions attempt to use radio frequency identification (RFID) technology for batch reading, for bulk metal goods like steel pipes, the radio frequency signal is subject to severe interference and shielding, making it difficult to effectively guarantee the recognition rate and stability of batch reading, failing to meet the urgent needs of modern warehousing for rapid and accurate management of large-scale goods. Therefore, the relevant technologies for the warehousing management of metal pipes suffer from low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical issues, this application provides a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehousing system and control method.

[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehousing system, comprising: multiple active Bluetooth tags, each active Bluetooth tag being configured to be installed inside a metal tubular cargo at a position within 8cm of the tube opening; each active Bluetooth tag including a Bluetooth communication module and a directional antenna; wherein the Bluetooth communication module is used to perform frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay to broadcast data packets containing its own unique identification code; the directional antenna is electrically connected to the Bluetooth communication module and is configured to converge and transmit / receive signals along the axial direction of the metal tubular cargo; a terminal device including a Bluetooth scanning module and an application program, the application program being configured to: control the Bluetooth scanning module to cyclically listen on multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels to batch collect the unique identification codes broadcast by multiple active Bluetooth tags within a preset scanning duration, thereby obtaining an identification code set; and a server used to receive the identification code set sent by the terminal device, and to query cargo information associated with each unique identification code in a database based on each unique identification code in the identification code set, and update the storage status of the corresponding cargo.

[0005] By adopting the above technical solution, active Bluetooth tags are installed inside metal tubular goods. The Bluetooth communication module broadcasts unique identification code data packets via frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay. The directional antenna converges along the axial direction of the metal tubular goods and transmits and receives signals. The terminal device collects unique identification codes in batches within a preset scanning time to obtain an identification code set. The server receives the identification code set and updates the storage status of each item. This avoids the inefficient operation of scanning each item's barcode or QR code, reduces the problem of missed or incorrect scans caused by label dirt, wear, or obstruction, and solves the problem of wireless radio frequency signals being interfered with and shielded by metal. This enables fast and accurate storage management of metal tubular goods, improves storage turnover efficiency and the accuracy and real-time nature of inventory data, and achieves the effect of improving storage management efficiency.

[0006] Optionally, the active Bluetooth tag also includes a battery unit consisting of two coin cells connected in parallel, and the Bluetooth communication module is configured to operate in a low-power mode, such that the average operating current of the active Bluetooth tag is less than or equal to 15 microamps.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the active Bluetooth tag uses two button batteries connected in parallel as battery units and configures the Bluetooth communication module to a low-power operating mode, so that the average operating current is less than or equal to 15 microamps. This reduces the power consumption of the active Bluetooth tag, extends the battery life, reduces the maintenance costs and workload of frequent battery replacements, and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0008] Optionally, the server includes a dynamic shelving module, configured to: in response to an inbound command, obtain target attribute parameters corresponding to the target goods, including turnover rate, volume, and weight, wherein the target goods are any metal tubular goods corresponding to an active Bluetooth tag, the goods information corresponding to the target goods contains the target attribute parameters, and the turnover rate is automatically calculated based on the historical inbound and outbound records of goods of the same model as the target goods; based on the target attribute parameters and the current warehouse location status information, calculate and recommend the optimal storage location for the target goods through a preset optimization algorithm.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the turnover rate, volume and weight of the target goods can be obtained. Combined with the current warehouse location status information, the optimal storage location can be calculated and recommended using a preset optimization algorithm. This can improve the rationality of metal tubular goods storage in warehousing, increase the utilization rate of warehouse space, and improve the efficiency of warehouse circulation.

[0010] Optionally, the preset optimization algorithm is a weighted scoring algorithm. The dynamic shelving module is configured as follows: predefine storage location attribute scores corresponding to target attribute parameters for each available storage location, where the storage location attribute scores include location score, load-bearing capacity score, and space score; calculate the matching degree score between the target goods and each available storage location based on the attribute parameter values ​​of the target goods and the preset weight coefficients; recommend the available storage location with the highest matching degree score as the optimal storage location; and the server feeds back the optimal storage location to the terminal device.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, a weighted scoring algorithm is used to calculate the matching score between the target goods and each available storage location. Based on the target goods' turnover rate, volume, weight, and other attribute parameters, as well as the storage location attribute score, the optimal storage location can be accurately recommended, thereby improving the utilization rate of storage space. The server feeds back the optimal storage location to the terminal device, making it easier for operators to quickly locate the storage location and improve the efficiency of warehouse management.

[0012] Optionally, the server includes an expiration date warning module, configured to: store the production date and shelf life information of the goods associated with each unique identifier in the database; periodically or in real time calculate the remaining shelf life of the goods; and generate and send a warning message when the remaining shelf life is less than or equal to a preset warning threshold.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, storing the production date and shelf life information of goods in the database can ensure that the expiration date information of goods is searchable; periodically or in real time, the remaining shelf life can be calculated to keep track of the timeliness of goods; when the remaining shelf life is less than or equal to the warning threshold, a warning message is generated and sent to remind relevant personnel to handle metal tubular goods that are close to their expiration date in a timely manner to avoid losses caused by expired goods.

[0014] Optionally, the active Bluetooth tag also includes a cylindrical metal housing, with a frustum-shaped rubber sleeve fitted on the outside of the cylindrical metal housing. The inside of the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve has a rubber pad, and the outer wall of the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve has a drainage groove. The cylindrical metal housing together with the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve is configured to allow the tubular metal cargo to be pushed into the tube opening along the axial direction, and to achieve a clamping and fixing by relying on the deformation stress of the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve to form an interference fit with the inner wall of the tubular metal cargo.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the active Bluetooth tag also includes a cylindrical metal shell, with a frustum-shaped rubber sleeve fitted on the outside of the cylindrical metal shell. The frustum-shaped rubber sleeve is made of PC-ABS alloy material, which has good mechanical properties and chemical stability, ensuring the tag's durability. The metal shell is fitted with the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve and has a rubber pad inside, which can buffer external vibrations and impacts, protecting the internal components of the tag. A drainage groove is opened on the outer wall of the shell to drain ingressed water and prevent water from damaging the tag. The shell and the rubber sleeve can be pushed into the tube opening along the axial direction of the metal tubular goods, and the rubber sleeve is pressed against the inner wall of the goods according to the deformation stress of the sleeve to achieve a tight fixation, so that the tag is stably installed inside the metal tubular goods, ensuring the normal operation of the tag, facilitating the system to accurately collect the unique identification code, and improving the efficiency and accuracy of warehouse management of metal tubular goods.

[0016] Optionally, the directional antenna is a dipole directional antenna, and the main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the dipole directional antenna is configured to be consistent with the axial direction of the metal tubular cargo. The length of the dipole directional antenna is adapted to 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth communication frequency band. The active Bluetooth tag is configured to be installed within 8 cm inside the corresponding metal tubular cargo opening, and the communication distance between the directional antenna and the terminal device is not less than 1 m.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the directional antenna is set as a dipole directional antenna, so that the main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the dipole directional antenna is consistent with the axis direction of the metal tubular cargo, and the length is adapted to half the wavelength of the Bluetooth communication band. At the same time, the active Bluetooth tag is installed within 8 cm inside the opening of the metal tubular cargo, which can ensure that the communication distance between the directional antenna and the terminal device is not less than 1 m. This enhances the Bluetooth signal transmission and reception effect, reduces the interference and shielding of the signal by metal, improves the stability and accuracy of tag identification, and meets the needs of rapid and accurate management of metal tubular cargo storage.

[0018] Optionally, the above system also includes: a signal amplifier, which is a housing with a bracket, and the signal amplifier is connected to the terminal device via wired or wireless means to extend the communication range of the Bluetooth scanning module. The signal amplifier has a built-in Bluetooth signal amplifier and a gain antenna.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the system adds a signal amplifier with a bracket housing, which can be connected to the terminal device via wired or wireless means. The built-in Bluetooth signal amplifier and gain antenna can expand the communication range of the Bluetooth scanning module, which helps to improve the collection efficiency and coverage of the unique identification codes of multiple active Bluetooth tags, thereby completing the information collection and status update of metal tubular goods in warehouse management more efficiently and accurately.

[0020] Optionally, the number of active Bluetooth tags shall not exceed 200, the preset scanning time shall not exceed 30 seconds, and the terminal device shall complete the acquisition of the unique identification code of the active Bluetooth tags within the preset scanning time.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the unique identification codes of no more than 200 active Bluetooth tags can be collected in no more than 30 seconds, which improves the efficiency of cargo identification in warehouse management and meets the needs of modern warehousing for rapid management of large-scale cargo.

[0022] Optionally, the server also includes an outbound verification module, configured to: in response to an outbound instruction, issue an outbound list to the terminal device, the outbound list containing a list of unique identifiers for goods to be outbound; receive outbound verification data scanned and uploaded by the terminal device, the outbound verification data containing one or more unique identifiers for actual outbound goods; compare the unique identifiers contained in the outbound verification data with the list of unique identifiers to verify the correctness of the outbound goods; and after verification, update the storage status of the goods corresponding to each unique identifier in the outbound verification data to the outbound status.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the system can issue outbound lists in response to outbound instructions, receive outbound verification data uploaded by terminal devices, compare the unique identification codes of the two to verify the correctness of the outbound goods, and update the storage status of the goods after verification, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of outbound management of metal tubular goods.

[0024] Optionally, the data packet also includes battery power information for the active Bluetooth tag; the application is also configured to acquire and display battery power information while collecting the unique identifier.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the data packets broadcast by the active Bluetooth tag also contain battery power information. When the terminal device application collects the unique identification code, it can obtain and display the battery power information, which makes it easy to keep track of the battery status of the active Bluetooth tag in a timely manner, avoid the impact of insufficient power on the normal operation of the system, and improve the reliability and stability of the system.

[0026] In a second aspect of this application, a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehouse control method is also provided, applied to any of the preceding Bluetooth-based intelligent warehouse systems, comprising: each of a plurality of active Bluetooth tags performing frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay to broadcast a data packet containing its own unique identification code, wherein each active Bluetooth tag is configured to be installed inside a metal tubular cargo, and each active Bluetooth tag uses a directional antenna to transmit and receive signals along the axial direction of the cargo; an application on a terminal device controls a Bluetooth scanning module to cyclically listen on multiple Bluetooth channels and collect the unique identification codes broadcast by the multiple active Bluetooth tags in batches within a preset scanning duration, thereby obtaining an identification code set; the terminal device sends the identification code set to a server; the server queries the database based on the identification code set for cargo information associated with each unique identification code and updates the storage status of the corresponding cargo.

[0027] In summary, one or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0028] 1. It can avoid the inefficient operation of scanning barcodes or QR codes of goods one by one, reduce the problem of missed or incorrect scanning caused by label dirt, wear or obstruction, and solve the problem of wireless radio frequency signal interference and shielding by metal. It enables fast and accurate warehouse management of metal tubular goods, improves warehouse turnover efficiency and the accuracy and real-time of inventory data; thus achieving the effect of improving warehouse management efficiency.

[0029] 2. Obtain the target goods' turnover rate, volume, weight, and other attribute parameters, combine them with the current warehouse location status information, and use a preset optimization algorithm to calculate and recommend the optimal storage location. This can improve the rationality of metal tubular goods storage in warehousing, increase the utilization rate of warehouse space, and improve the efficiency of warehouse circulation.

[0030] 3. Storing the production date and shelf life information of goods in the database ensures that the expiration date information of goods can be checked; periodically or in real time, the remaining shelf life can be calculated to keep track of the timeliness of goods; when the remaining shelf life is less than or equal to the warning threshold, a warning message is generated and sent to remind relevant personnel to deal with metal tubular goods that are close to their expiration date in a timely manner to avoid losses caused by expired goods. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a framework diagram of a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehousing system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of an active Bluetooth tag provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 3This is an exploded view of an active Bluetooth tag provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehouse control method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a hardware and software system architecture diagram of an IoT system for scanning barcodes to enter and exit warehouses, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0036] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0037] 301-First PCB, 302-Antenna connection, 303-Second PCB, 304-First EVA foam, 305-Battery, 306-Second EVA foam, 307-Metal casing. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in this specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the words "for example" or "for instance" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design that is described as "for example" or "for instance" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design options. Rather, the use of the words "for example" or "for instance" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" means two or more. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 5 The embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0042] This application provides a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehousing system. Figure 1This application provides a framework diagram of a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehousing system. The system includes: multiple active Bluetooth tags, each configured to be installed within 8cm of the opening of a metal tubular cargo. Each active Bluetooth tag includes a Bluetooth communication module and a directional antenna. The Bluetooth communication module performs frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay to broadcast data packets containing its own unique identification code. The directional antenna is electrically connected to the Bluetooth communication module and configured to converge and transmit / receive signals along the axial direction of the metal tubular cargo. A terminal device includes a Bluetooth scanning module and an application program. The application program is configured to control the Bluetooth scanning module to cyclically listen on multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels to collect unique identification codes broadcast by multiple active Bluetooth tags in batches within a preset scanning duration, obtaining an identification code set. A server receives the identification code set sent by the terminal device and queries the database based on each unique identification code in the identification code set to retrieve cargo information associated with each unique identification code and update the corresponding cargo's storage status.

[0043] In this embodiment, an active Bluetooth tag is installed inside the metal tubular goods, within 8cm of the tube opening. The Bluetooth communication module broadcasts a unique identification code data packet via frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay. A directional antenna converges along the axial direction of the metal tubular goods and transmits and receives signals. The terminal device collects unique identification codes in batches within a preset scanning time to obtain an identification code set. The server receives the identification code set and updates the storage status of each item. This avoids the inefficient operation of scanning each item's barcode or QR code individually, reduces missed or incorrect scans caused by tag dirt, wear, or obstruction, and solves the problem of wireless radio frequency signal interference and shielding by metal. This enables rapid and accurate storage management of metal tubular goods, improves storage turnover efficiency and the accuracy and real-time nature of inventory data, thus achieving the effect of improving storage management efficiency.

[0044] This embodiment of the Bluetooth-based intelligent warehousing system utilizes a combination of active Bluetooth tags, directional antennas, and frequency-hopping broadcasting to achieve rapid batch identification and efficient warehouse management of tubular metal goods. Specifically, active Bluetooth tags with directional antennas are installed inside the tubular metal goods (such as steel pipes or other metal tubing). The directional antennas converge along the axial direction of the tubing to transmit and receive signals, prioritizing transmission and avoiding shielding of wireless signals by the metal outer wall. The Bluetooth communication module broadcasts data packets containing unique identification codes on multiple channels at preset broadcast intervals plus random delays, reducing signal collisions and interference. The Bluetooth scanning module of the terminal device (such as a handheld or fixed reader) continuously monitors the corresponding broadcast channels, collecting unique identification codes from all tags in batches within a preset time period, forming an identification code set. After receiving the identification code set, the server matches the corresponding goods information in the database based on the unique identification codes and automatically updates the corresponding goods' storage status (such as inbound / outbound and inventory count results). Related technologies primarily rely on manual counting or individual scanning of barcodes / QR codes, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inefficient when dealing with large quantities of stacked steel pipes. This embodiment addresses this by using terminal devices to scan the broadcast signals of active Bluetooth tags in batches, eliminating the need for manual operation and enabling rapid identification of large quantities of goods. Furthermore, existing barcode / QR code tags, affixed to the surface of goods, are susceptible to damage, wear, and obstruction due to the storage environment, leading to missed or incorrect scans. This embodiment embeds active Bluetooth tags inside the pipes, avoiding physical damage from the external environment and ensuring stable identification. Additionally, existing RFID technology is prone to interference and shielding in metal goods scenarios, resulting in poor batch reading stability. This embodiment, through a design combining directional antenna axial signal convergence and multi-channel frequency hopping broadcasting, along with the tag's built-in installation, effectively reduces the shielding effect of metal on Bluetooth signals, improving the reliability of batch identification. This embodiment creatively applies Bluetooth technology to the challenging metal tubing storage environment, aiming to achieve contactless, batch, and rapid identification and automated storage management of large quantities of tubular metal goods; significantly shortening the operation time for inbound and outbound operations and inventory counting, and improving storage turnover efficiency; the built-in tag design avoids identification errors caused by dirt or obstruction, and the frequency hopping broadcast mechanism reduces signal interference, ensuring the accuracy of the identification codes collected by the terminal; the server updates the storage status in real time, ensuring the real-time nature of inventory data.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, the active Bluetooth tag further includes a battery unit comprising two coin cells connected in parallel, and the Bluetooth communication module is configured to operate in a low-power mode such that the average operating current of the active Bluetooth tag is less than or equal to 15 microamps.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the active Bluetooth tag uses two button batteries connected in parallel as battery units, and the Bluetooth communication module is configured to operate in a low-power mode, so that the average operating current is less than or equal to 15 microamps. This reduces the power consumption of the active Bluetooth tag, extends the battery life, reduces the maintenance costs and workload of frequent battery replacements, and improves the stability and reliability of the system.

[0047] This embodiment achieves low-power, long-lasting operation of active Bluetooth tags through a combination of battery unit design and a low-power mode for the communication module. Specifically, a battery unit is added to the active Bluetooth tag, using two button batteries connected in parallel for power supply. The parallel design increases power capacity and ensures power supply stability. The Bluetooth communication module is configured to operate in a low-power mode, meaning the tag is in deep sleep most of the time, only being awakened during preset, very brief broadcast moments. Combined with the aforementioned frequency hopping broadcast and random delay mechanism, the average operating current of the active Bluetooth tag is controlled to be ≤15μA, minimizing power consumption while meeting the requirements for batch signal broadcasting. An average current of 15 microamps means the battery life can reach several years, meeting the needs of long-term storage, significantly extending the battery life of the active Bluetooth tag, reducing battery replacement frequency, and lowering the maintenance costs of storage management. The parallel battery power supply improves power supply stability, avoiding the impact of single battery voltage fluctuations on the Bluetooth communication module, ensuring that the tag continuously and stably broadcasts identification signals during long-term storage, maintaining the system's reliable identification capability.

[0048] In an optional embodiment, the server includes a dynamic shelving module configured to: in response to an inbound instruction, obtain target attribute parameters corresponding to the target goods, the target attribute parameters including turnover rate, volume, and weight, wherein the target goods are metal tubular goods corresponding to any active Bluetooth tag, the goods information corresponding to the target goods includes the target attribute parameters, and the turnover rate is automatically calculated based on historical inbound and outbound records of goods of the same model as the target goods; and calculate and recommend the optimal storage location for the target goods based on the target attribute parameters and the current warehouse location status information through a preset optimization algorithm.

[0049] In the above embodiments, by obtaining attribute parameters such as turnover rate, volume and weight of the target goods, and combining them with the current warehouse location status information, the optimal storage location is calculated and recommended using a preset optimization algorithm. This can improve the rationality of metal tubular goods storage in warehousing, increase the utilization rate of warehouse space, and improve the efficiency of warehouse circulation.

[0050] The dynamic shelving module in the server combines cargo attribute parameters with warehouse location status to achieve intelligent location allocation for tubular metal goods. The specific principle is as follows: After responding to the inbound command, the dynamic shelving module retrieves the attribute parameters corresponding to the target cargo (i.e., the tubular metal goods bound with active Bluetooth tags) from the server database. These parameters include turnover rate (automatically calculated based on historical inbound and outbound records of goods of the same model as the target cargo), volume, and weight. At the same time, it obtains the real-time location status information of the current warehouse. The dynamic shelving module has a built-in preset optimization algorithm. Taking the cargo attribute parameters and location status as input conditions, the algorithm calculates (e.g., prioritizing matching high-turnover cargo to locations with convenient inbound and outbound access, and matching large-volume / heavy cargo to locations with suitable load-bearing capacity and space) and outputs and recommends the optimal storage location for the target cargo. In related technologies, the warehousing of tubular metal goods typically relies on manual experience to allocate storage locations, which can easily lead to haphazard stacking. This is especially problematic when dealing with large quantities and diverse specifications of tubing. Manual allocation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and it's difficult to balance storage space utilization with efficient goods handling. Furthermore, traditional storage location allocation doesn't consider core parameters such as inventory turnover rate, resulting in high-turnover goods being assigned to remote locations and large / heavy goods to locations inconvenient for loading and unloading. This increases handling and time costs, reducing overall warehousing efficiency. This embodiment uses a pre-set optimization algorithm that combines goods attributes and storage location status to recommend optimal storage locations, replacing manual experience-based decision-making and improving the scientific and rational nature of storage location allocation. It matches high-turnover goods to convenient locations, reducing handling paths and time; and matches large / heavy goods to locations with suitable load-bearing capacity, reducing loading and unloading difficulty and further improving overall warehousing efficiency. The algorithm can rationally plan storage locations based on goods volume parameters, avoiding space waste and maximizing warehouse storage space utilization, thereby systematically reducing long-term operating costs.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the preset optimization algorithm is a weighted scoring algorithm, and the dynamic shelving module is configured to: predefine storage location attribute scores corresponding to target attribute parameters for each available storage location, wherein the storage location attribute scores include location score, load-bearing capacity score, and space score; calculate the matching degree score between the target goods and each available storage location based on the attribute parameter values ​​of the target goods and the preset weight coefficients; recommend the available storage location with the highest matching degree score as the optimal storage location; and the server feeds back the optimal storage location to the terminal device.

[0052] In the above embodiments, a weighted scoring algorithm is used to calculate the matching score between the target goods and each available storage location. Based on the target goods' turnover rate, volume, weight, and other attribute parameters, as well as the storage location attribute scores, the optimal storage location can be accurately recommended, thereby improving the utilization rate of storage space. The server feeds back the optimal storage location to the terminal device, making it easier for operators to quickly locate the storage location and improve the efficiency of warehouse management.

[0053] The dynamic shelving module pre-sets three attribute scores for each available storage location, corresponding to the target attribute parameters of the goods (turnover rate, volume, and weight): location score (matching the goods' turnover rate; the higher the turnover rate, the higher the location score), load-bearing capacity score (matching the goods' weight; the higher the fit between the storage location's load-bearing capacity and the goods' weight, the higher the score), and space score (matching the goods' volume; the higher the fit between the storage location's space and the goods' volume, the higher the score). Based on preset weight coefficients (the priority of each attribute can be adjusted according to warehouse management needs), and combined with the turnover rate, volume, and weight parameters of the target goods, the module performs a weighted calculation on the matching degree between the target goods and the three attribute scores of each available storage location, obtaining a goods-storage location matching score. The available storage location with the highest matching score is selected as the optimal storage location, and the server feeds back this optimal storage location information to the terminal device to guide on-site warehouse operations. The weighted scoring algorithm in this embodiment incorporates multi-dimensional attribute parameters into the decision-making system. By flexibly adjusting the priority of each attribute through weight coefficients, it avoids the drawbacks of a single attribute dominating and ensures optimal suitability between the target goods and the storage location. The weight coefficients can be adjusted according to different warehousing scenarios (such as fast-moving consumer goods warehousing that focuses on turnover efficiency and heavy-duty warehousing that focuses on space utilization), enabling the system to adapt to diverse warehousing management needs for metal tubular goods. After traversing all available storage locations, the system automatically selects the storage location with the highest matching score and determines it as the "optimal storage location." This recommendation result is then fed back to the terminal devices (such as handheld PDAs) of on-site operators through the server to guide them in completing the shelving operation, thereby improving the continuity and execution efficiency of the warehousing and receiving process.

[0054] The following rules apply to the scoring of cargo turnover rate: less than 3 turnovers per year: 1 point; 4-5 turnovers per year: 2 points; 6-7 turnovers per year: 3 points; 8-9 turnovers per year: 4 points; 10-11 turnovers per year: 5 points; 12-13 turnovers per year: 6 points; 14-15 turnovers per year: 7 points; 16-17 turnovers per year: 8 points; 18-19 turnovers per year: 9 points; more than 20 turnovers per year: 10 points. The higher the turnover frequency, the higher the score. The location scores for the storage facilities are as follows (based on distance from the entrance / exit): greater than 90 meters: 1 point; [80,89) meters: 2 points; [70,80) meters: 3 points; [60,70) meters: 4 points; [50,60) meters: 5 points; [40,50) meters: 6 points; [30,40) meters: 7 points; [20,30) meters: 8 points; [10,20) meters: 9 points; less than 10 meters: 10 points.

[0055] The score is based on the weight of the goods. For example, less than 400 kg: 1 point; [400, 600) kg: 2 points; [600, 800) kg: 3 points; [800, 1000) kg: 4 points; [1000, 1200) kg: 5 points; [1200, 1400) kg: 6 points; [1400, 1600) kg: 7 points; [1600, 1800) kg: 8 points; [1800, 2000) kg: 9 points; [2000, 2200) kg: 10 points. Goods weighing more than 2200 kg will be split into multiple batches for storage. The load-bearing capacity scores for the storage locations are as follows: [400, 600) kg: 1 point; [600, 800) kg: 2 points; [800, 1000) kg: 3 points; [1000, 1200) kg: 4 points; [1200, 1400) kg: 5 points; [1400, 1600) kg: 6 points; [1600, 1800) kg: 7 points; [1800, 2000) kg: 8 points; [2000, 2200) kg: 9 points; [2200, 2400) kg: 10 points.

[0056] Scoring is based on cargo volume; for example, less than 0.5m. 3 : 1 point; [0.5, 1.0)m 3 : 2 points; [1.0, 1.5)m 3 : 3 points; [1.5, 2.0)m 3 : 4 points; [2.0, 3.0)m 3 : 5 points; [3.0, 4.0)m 3 : 6 points; [4.0, 6.0)m 3 : 7 points; [6.0, 8.0)m 3 : 8 points; [8.0, 10.0)m 3 : 9 points; [10.0, 12.0)m 3 : 10 points; greater than 12.0m 3 The storage will be split into multiple batches. Storage space is rated as follows: [0.5, 1.0)m 3 : 1 point; [1.0, 1.5)m 3 : 2 points; [1.5, 2.0)m 3 : 3 points; [2.0, 3.0)m 3 : 4 points; [3.0, 4.0)m 3 : 5 points; [4.0, 6.0)m 3 : 6 points; [6.0, 8.0)m 3 : 7 points; [8.0, 10.0)m 3 : 8 points; [10.0, 12.0)m 3 : 9 points; [12.0, 14.0)m 3 10 points.

[0057] The above scoring method is only an example and can be adjusted according to the actual application scenario. When storing the current incoming goods, priority is given to selecting available storage locations whose load-bearing capacity score is greater than or equal to the goods weight score and whose storage space score is greater than or equal to the goods volume score. Then, the matching degree between each available storage location and the current incoming goods is calculated according to the matching degree scoring formula. The matching score calculation formula is: M = α × M1 + β × M2 + γ × M3. The matching score formula includes three matching factors: turnover rate-location matching score (M1), goods weight-storage location load-bearing capacity matching score (M2), and goods volume-storage location space matching score (M3). M is the final matching score. Specifically, M1 = 10 - |A1 - A2|, where A1 represents the turnover rate score and A2 represents the storage location score; the closer the two scores are, the larger the M1 value. M2 = 10 - |B1 - B2|, where B1 represents the goods weight score and B2 represents the storage location load-bearing capacity score. M3 = 10 - |C1 - C2|, where C1 represents the goods volume score and C2 represents the storage location space score. In the above matching score formula, α, β, and γ are the corresponding weight coefficients. These weight coefficients are not fixed but reflect the strategic orientation of warehouse management. This system provides a default strategy and supports dynamic adjustment of the weight coefficients, meaning the weight coefficients can be adjusted according to different storage scenarios. For example, the default values ​​are α=0.5, β=0.3, and γ=0.2. In some warehousing scenarios, in order to improve the efficiency of inbound and outbound operations, the turnover rate weight can be increased, such as α=0.6, β=0.2, and γ=0.2. If the warehouse is under heavy storage pressure and urgently needs to optimize space utilization, the strategy can be switched to "space priority". In this case, the system will adjust the weights to: α=0.2, β=0.2, and γ=0.6.

[0058] For example, suppose there are 3 available storage slots to choose from, and their attributes are shown in Table 1 below.

[0059] Table 1

[0060]

[0061] Assume the current incoming goods are a batch of steel pipes, with a turnover rate of 9 points (historical records show frequent outbound shipments, rating scale 1-10), weight of 5 points (medium, rating scale 1-10), and volume of 4 points (lower, rating scale 1-10). The system's preset weighting coefficients are: turnover rate weight α=0.50, weight weight β=0.30, volume weight γ=0.20, and the sum of the weights α+β+γ=1.

[0062] Step 1: Predefine the attribute score of each available storage location corresponding to the attribute parameters; as shown in Table 1, the location score, load-bearing score and space score of storage location A are 10, 6 and 8 respectively.

[0063] Step 2: Calculate the matching score between the target goods and each available storage location based on the attribute scores of the target goods and the preset weight coefficients.

[0064] For example, calculate the matching score with storage location A: M_A = 0.5 × [10 - |9 - 10|] + 0.3 × [10 - |5 - 6|] + 0.2 × [10 - |4 - 8|] = 8.4;

[0065] Calculate the matching score with storage location B: M_B=0.5×[10-|9-2|]+0.3×[10-|5-10|]+0.2×[10-|4-10|]=3.8;

[0066] Calculate the matching score with storage location C: M_C=0.5×[10-|9-9|]+0.3×[10-|5-6|]+0.2×[10-|4-5|]=9.5.

[0067] Step 3: The free storage location with the highest matching degree is recommended as the optimal storage location. The three matching degree scores are compared: M_C>M_A>M_B. Therefore, storage location C is recommended by the system as the optimal storage location.

[0068] It should be noted that the above-mentioned scores and weighting coefficients for storage locations are only examples. In actual applications, they can be adjusted according to the needs of different application scenarios.

[0069] In an optional embodiment, the server includes an expiration date warning module configured to: store in a database the production date and shelf life information of the goods associated with each unique identifier; periodically or in real time calculate the remaining shelf life of the goods; and generate and send a warning message when the remaining shelf life is less than or equal to a preset warning threshold.

[0070] In the above embodiments, storing the production date and shelf-life information of goods in the database can ensure that the expiration date information of goods is searchable; periodically or in real time calculating the remaining shelf life can keep track of the timeliness of goods; when the remaining shelf life is less than or equal to the warning threshold, a warning message is generated and sent to remind relevant personnel to deal with metal tubular goods that are close to their expiration date in a timely manner to avoid losses caused by expired goods.

[0071] This embodiment adds an expiration date warning module, which combines the expiration date information associated with the unique identification code bound to the goods to realize full life cycle expiration date monitoring and warning for metal tubular goods. The specific principle is as follows: The expiration date warning module associates and stores the unique identification code of each active Bluetooth tag with the production date and shelf life information of the corresponding metal tubular goods in the server database, establishing a one-to-one correspondence between goods identity and expiration date; the module automatically calculates the remaining shelf life of each batch and each single piece of goods based on the current time and the production date of the goods according to a preset cycle (such as daily or weekly) or real-time triggered calculation logic; when the calculated remaining shelf life is less than or equal to the preset warning threshold (such as 30 days, which can be flexibly set according to the characteristics of goods and warehousing strategy), the module automatically generates warning information and sends it to the designated terminal or management platform. Existing technologies, such as manual inventory and barcode / RFID identification, can only manage the quantity and location of goods. They lack a proper expiration date monitoring system for metal pipes (especially those with specific expiration dates like rust prevention or warranty periods). This can easily lead to expired goods being stored in warehouses or misused, causing storage losses and engineering quality risks. This embodiment uses a unique identification code to link expiration date information, combined with automatic calculation and a threshold warning mechanism, to replace manual checks. This enables full-time, comprehensive monitoring of the expiration date of tubular metal goods, ensuring zero error in expiration date judgment. Early warnings for near-expiration goods allow warehouse managers to take timely measures such as priority outbound delivery and rust prevention treatment, preventing expired goods from being scrapped or used improperly, reducing storage costs, and mitigating quality risks in engineering applications. Expiration date warning data can be synchronized to a server database, providing data support for warehouse procurement plans and inventory optimization strategies. This helps managers replenish goods as needed, reduce inventory backlog, and improve the utilization rate of warehouse resources.

[0072] In an optional embodiment, the active Bluetooth tag further includes a cylindrical metal housing, an outer sleeve of which is fitted with a frustoconical rubber sleeve, an inner rubber pad of which is provided, and a drainage groove is formed on the outer wall of which. The cylindrical metal housing together with the frustoconical rubber sleeve is configured to allow the tubular metal cargo to be pushed into the opening along the axial direction of the tubular metal cargo, and to achieve a clamping and fixing by relying on the deformation stress of the frustoconical rubber sleeve to form an interference fit with the inner wall of the tubular metal cargo.

[0073] In the above embodiments, the active Bluetooth tag also includes a cylindrical metal shell, and a frustum-shaped rubber sleeve is fitted over the cylindrical metal shell. The frustum-shaped rubber sleeve is made of PC-ABS alloy material, which has good mechanical properties and chemical stability, ensuring the tag's durability. The metal shell is fitted with the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve and has a rubber pad inside, which can buffer external vibrations and impacts and protect the internal components of the tag. A drainage groove is opened on the outer wall of the shell to drain the incoming water and prevent water from damaging the tag. The shell and the rubber sleeve can be pushed into the tube opening along the axial direction of the metal tubular goods, and the rubber sleeve is clamped and fixed by interference fit with the inner wall of the goods according to the deformation stress of the rubber sleeve, so that the tag is stably installed inside the metal tubular goods, ensuring the normal operation of the tag, which is conducive to the system accurately collecting the unique identification code and improving the efficiency and accuracy of the warehouse management of metal tubular goods.

[0074] The active Bluetooth tag uses a cylindrical metal shell with a frustum-shaped rubber sleeve on the outside and an internal rubber pad. The frustum-shaped rubber sleeve is made of PC-ABS alloy, and a drainage groove is provided on the outer wall of the shell. The cylindrical metal shell with the rubber sleeve is pushed axially into the tube opening along the metal tubular goods. The deformation stress of the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve under compression forms an interference fit with the inner wall of the metal tube, achieving tag clamping and fixation without additional fasteners. The internal rubber pad provides cushioning and protection to prevent damage to the tag's core components (Bluetooth module, antenna, battery) from impact. The drainage groove on the outer wall can drain water that enters the gap between the shell and the tube. The PC-ABS alloy material ensures the strength and weather resistance of the shell. The interference fit fixing method in this embodiment relies on the deformation stress of the rubber sleeve for clamping, eliminating the need for additional fasteners and simplifying installation and disassembly. The truncated cone-shaped rubber sleeve can adapt to metal pipes of different inner diameters, improving the versatility of the labels and installation efficiency. The PC-ABS alloy material combines strength and weather resistance, resisting impacts and corrosion in the storage environment. The internal rubber pads act as cushioning and shock absorption, protecting core electronic components. The drainage grooves on the outer wall promptly drain accumulated water, preventing labels from getting damp and damaged, significantly extending the label's lifespan and reducing maintenance costs. In addition, the labels are firmly fixed and will not shift due to vibrations from pipe handling and stacking, ensuring that the directional antenna always transmits and receives signals along the pipe axis, maintaining the stability and recognition rate of the Bluetooth signal, and guaranteeing the reliable operation of the entire storage system.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, the directional antenna is a dipole directional antenna, the main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the dipole directional antenna is configured to be consistent with the axial direction of the metal tubular cargo, and the length of the dipole directional antenna is adapted to 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth communication band; the active Bluetooth tag is configured to be installed within 8 cm inside the corresponding metal tubular cargo opening, and the communication distance between the directional antenna and the terminal device is not less than 1 m.

[0076] In the above embodiment, the directional antenna is set as a dipole directional antenna, so that the main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the dipole directional antenna is consistent with the axis direction of the metal tubular cargo, and the length is adapted to 1 / 2 wavelength of the Bluetooth communication frequency band. At the same time, the active Bluetooth tag is installed within 8 cm inside the opening of the metal tubular cargo, which can ensure that the communication distance between the directional antenna and the terminal device is not less than 1 m, enhance the Bluetooth signal transmission and reception effect, reduce the interference and shielding of the signal by the metal, improve the stability and accuracy of tag identification, and meet the needs of rapid and accurate management of metal tubular cargo storage.

[0077] The directional antenna is defined as a dipole directional antenna, with a length adapted to half the wavelength of the Bluetooth communication band. This length is the resonant length of the Bluetooth signal, maximizing the antenna's signal radiation efficiency. Simultaneously, the main lobe direction of the antenna's radiation pattern is aligned with the axial direction of the metal tubular goods, causing the signal to converge and be emitted along the tube's axis, reducing signal reflection and attenuation from the metal tube wall. The active Bluetooth tag is installed within 8 cm of the opening of the metal tubular goods, utilizing the weaker metal shielding effect in the opening area to reduce the shielding effect of the tube wall. Through the coordinated design of the antenna parameters and installation location, the communication distance between the dipole directional antenna and the terminal device is ensured to be no less than 1 meter, meeting the actual needs of batch scanning in warehousing scenarios. This embodiment, through the design of close-range installation of tags at the pipe opening, combined with axial directional radiation, effectively avoids the shielding and attenuation of Bluetooth signals by the metal pipe wall. Compared with the solution of installing deep in the pipe, the signal strength and recognition rate are greatly improved. The design of a communication distance of not less than 1m allows the terminal device to perform batch scanning of multiple tags without having to be close to each pipe. It can simply move around the pipe stack to achieve batch scanning, further improving the efficiency of warehouse inventory and inbound / outbound operations.

[0078] In an optional embodiment, the system further includes a signal amplifier, which is a housing with a bracket. The signal amplifier is connected to the terminal device via wired or wireless means to extend the communication range of the Bluetooth scanning module. The signal amplifier has a built-in Bluetooth signal amplifier and a gain antenna.

[0079] In the above embodiments, the system adds a signal amplifier with a bracket housing and connects it to the terminal device via wired or wireless means. It has a built-in Bluetooth signal amplifier and gain antenna, which can expand the communication range of the Bluetooth scanning module. This helps to improve the collection efficiency and coverage of the unique identification codes of multiple active Bluetooth tags, thereby completing the information collection and status update of metal tubular goods in warehouse management more efficiently and accurately.

[0080] The newly added signal amplifier features a bracket-mounted housing design, facilitating flexible deployment in the warehouse environment (e.g., fixed to shelves or around stacking areas). It incorporates a built-in Bluetooth signal amplifier and gain antenna, which work together to enhance Bluetooth signal reception gain and transmission distance. The signal amplifier establishes a connection with the terminal device's Bluetooth scanning module via wired or wireless means. After receiving the weak signal broadcast by active Bluetooth tags, it amplifies it through the built-in amplifier and enhances it with the gain antenna before transmitting it to the terminal device. This extends the effective communication range of the terminal's Bluetooth scanning module, covering a larger area of ​​stacked goods. The amplification and gain of the signal amplifier overcomes the power limitations of the terminal's own Bluetooth module, significantly expanding the effective identification coverage area of ​​a single terminal, reducing the frequency of terminal movement in the warehouse environment, and further improving the efficiency of inbound / outbound and inventory operations. The expanded communication range can meet the full-area coverage requirements of large-scale metal pipe warehouses, enabling the system to adapt to different application scenarios from small and medium-sized warehouses to large logistics hubs, enhancing the market applicability of the technical solution.

[0081] In one optional embodiment, the number of multiple active Bluetooth tags does not exceed 200, the preset scanning time does not exceed 30 seconds, and the terminal device completes the acquisition of the unique identification code of multiple active Bluetooth tags within the preset scanning time.

[0082] In the above embodiments, the unique identification codes of no more than 200 active Bluetooth tags can be collected in no more than 30 seconds. In other words, 200 steel pipes can be fully scanned and their identification codes collected in just 30 seconds, which improves the efficiency of cargo identification in warehouse management and meets the needs of modern warehousing for rapid management of large-scale cargo.

[0083] The terminal device's preset scanning time does not exceed 30 seconds. Combined with the aforementioned preset broadcast interval + random delay + multi-channel frequency hopping broadcast mechanism, this ensures that the terminal can complete full coverage monitoring of tag signals within the target area in a short time. The number of tags scanned at one time is ≤200, ensuring that the identification codes of all tags are collected within 30 seconds. In other words, the system completes the batch identification task within a limited time, effectively avoiding signal conflicts caused by multiple tags broadcasting simultaneously. This ensures that the terminal completely collects the unique identification codes of all tags within the specified time, reducing the probability of missed or incorrect scans. Compared with manual counting or scanning one by one, efficiency is significantly improved, greatly reducing the overall time spent on warehousing operations.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, the server also includes a system integration module configured to interface with the enterprise's ERP system through a predefined interface to achieve bidirectional synchronization of inventory data and financial data.

[0085] In the above embodiments, the server receives the identification code set to update the warehouse status. Simultaneously, the system integration module interfaces with the enterprise ERP system to achieve bidirectional synchronization of inventory and financial data. This solves the problem of low efficiency in metal pipe warehousing management and enables real-time synchronization of warehouse data with enterprise financial data, improving overall enterprise management efficiency. The system integration module has built-in predefined standardized interfaces (such as API interfaces and direct database connections), which match the communication protocols and data formats of the enterprise ERP system. On one hand, the system integration module synchronizes the real-time updated metal tubular goods inventory data (such as inventory quantity, storage location, expiration date, and inbound / outbound records) from the server to the ERP system through the interface, providing accurate data support for the ERP system's production planning, procurement planning, and cost accounting. On the other hand, the system integration module receives instruction data (such as outbound instructions, inbound plans, and financial settlement data) issued by the ERP system and synchronizes it to the warehouse server, guiding actual operations on the warehouse floor.

[0086] In an optional embodiment, the server further includes a permissions and auditing module, configured to: establish a three-tier user permission system including operators, supervisors, and administrators; and record operation logs for all users updating the warehouse status, with the operation logs including at least the operation time, the user performing the operation, and the content of the changes.

[0087] In the above embodiments, establishing a three-level user permission system allows for setting different operation permissions for personnel at different levels, making the operation and management of the warehousing system more standardized and orderly, clarifying the responsibilities and operation scope of different personnel; recording operation logs facilitates the traceability and review of warehouse status updates, making it easier to promptly detect and handle abnormal situations, and improving the security and auditability of warehousing system operations.

[0088] By adding a permission and audit module, a hierarchical permission control and full-process operation audit mechanism is constructed to achieve secure and compliant management of the intelligent warehousing system. The permission and audit module establishes a three-tiered user permission architecture of operator-supervisor-administrator, assigning differentiated system operation permissions to users at different levels (e.g., operators can only perform goods entry / exit scanning and status viewing operations; supervisors can approve inventory adjustments and view operation logs; administrators can configure system parameters and manage user accounts). The module automatically records all user operations that update the warehouse status, with log information covering at least three core elements: operation time, operator, and changed content, forming a complete operation traceability chain. The three-tiered permission system clearly defines the operational boundaries of different users, avoiding unauthorized and erroneous operations, and ensuring the integrity and accuracy of warehouse data from the source. Simultaneously, the differentiated permission allocation aligns with the actual business processes of warehouse management, improving the standardization of system operations. Complete operation log recording enables full traceability of warehouse status changes; when inventory data anomalies occur, the operating entity and changed content can be quickly located, clarifying responsibility and significantly improving problem-solving efficiency.

[0089] In an optional embodiment, the server further includes an outbound verification module configured to: in response to an outbound instruction, issue an outbound list to a terminal device, the outbound list containing a list of unique identifiers for goods to be outbound; receive outbound verification data scanned and uploaded by the terminal device, the outbound verification data containing one or more unique identifiers for actual outbound goods; compare the unique identifiers contained in the outbound verification data with the list of unique identifiers to verify the correctness of the outbound goods; and after verification, update the storage status of the goods corresponding to each unique identifier in the outbound verification data to the outbound status.

[0090] In the above embodiments, the system can issue an outbound list in response to an outbound command, receive outbound verification data uploaded by the terminal device, compare the unique identification codes of the two to verify the correctness of the outbound goods, and update the storage status of the goods after the verification is passed, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of outbound management of metal tubular goods.

[0091] This embodiment establishes a comprehensive outbound verification mechanism—command issuance, data collection, comparison and verification, and status update—by adding an outbound verification module, enabling precise control over the outbound shipment of metal tubular goods. Specifically, after responding to an outbound command, the outbound verification module retrieves the unique identification code of the goods to be shipped from the database, generates and sends an outbound list to the terminal device, clearly defining the scope of the outbound goods. The terminal device scans and collects the active Bluetooth tag identification codes of the actual outbound goods, generates outbound verification data, and uploads it to the server. The module compares the uploaded actual identification codes with the target identification codes in the outbound list to verify whether the actual outbound goods match the command requirements. After successful verification, the module automatically updates the storage status of the corresponding goods to "outbound," completing the full outbound process control. By replacing manual verification with "system list comparison", the actual outbound goods are ensured to be completely consistent with the instructions, eliminating problems such as mis-shipment, omission, and over-shipment from a technical perspective, and improving the accuracy of the outbound process. Relying on the batch scanning capability of active Bluetooth tags, the terminal can quickly collect the identification code of the actual outbound goods, and the server automatically completes the comparison and verification. Compared with manual one-by-one verification, the time spent in the outbound process is greatly shortened, and the efficiency of warehousing and circulation is improved.

[0092] In an optional embodiment, the data packet also includes battery power information of the active Bluetooth tag; the application is also configured to acquire and display the battery power information while acquiring the unique identifier.

[0093] In the above embodiments, the data packets broadcast by the active Bluetooth tag also include battery power information. When the terminal device application collects the unique identification code, it can obtain and display the battery power information, which makes it easy to keep track of the battery status of the active Bluetooth tag in a timely manner, avoid the impact of insufficient power on the normal operation of the system, and improve the reliability and stability of the system.

[0094] In addition to the unique identification code, the data packet broadcast by the active Bluetooth tag also includes the tag's own battery level information. This battery level information can be collected in real time by the tag's built-in battery detection unit and written into the data packet. While controlling the Bluetooth scanning module to collect the tag's unique identification code, the terminal device's application simultaneously parses the battery level information in the data packet and associates it with the corresponding goods' identification code for display. This allows on-site personnel to intuitively understand the tag's power supply status. Utilizing the daily scanning process in warehouse operations, tag battery level information can be acquired synchronously without additional operation, integrating battery monitoring into routine warehouse management and reducing the labor costs of tag maintenance. By displaying battery level information on the terminal device, managers can promptly identify tags with low battery levels and arrange for replacement or maintenance before they are completely depleted, ensuring continuous and stable tag operation and avoiding interruptions in goods identification due to tag failure. The association between battery level information and the goods' unique identification code allows for precise location of goods corresponding to low-battery tags, eliminating the need for blind searching and significantly improving the efficiency of tag replacement and maintenance, while minimizing interference with normal warehouse operations.

[0095] In an optional embodiment, the Bluetooth communication module is further configured to receive configuration instructions sent by the terminal device and dynamically adjust the preset broadcast interval or broadcast power according to the configuration instructions.

[0096] As an optional implementation, the Bluetooth communication module can dynamically adjust its preset broadcast interval (such as extending / shortening the broadcast cycle) or broadcast power (such as increasing / decreasing the signal transmission strength) according to the configuration instructions, without the need for manual tag removal or local configuration, thereby improving the flexibility and adaptability of active Bluetooth tag broadcasting to better meet the needs of different warehousing scenarios.

[0097] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of an active Bluetooth tag provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3This is an exploded view of an active Bluetooth tag provided in an embodiment of this application. The active Bluetooth tag includes a first PCB 301, an antenna connection 302, a second PCB 303, a first EVA foam 304, a battery 305, a second EVA foam 306, and a metal casing 307. The first PCB 301 includes an antenna, and the second PCB 303 includes a Bluetooth communication module. The first PCB 301 is electrically connected to the second PCB 303 via the antenna connection 302. The signal generated by the Bluetooth communication module is transmitted to the antenna on the first PCB 301 via the antenna connection 302. The first EVA foam 304 is disposed between the battery 305 and the second PCB 303 for isolation and buffering. The second EVA foam 306 acts as a buffer and fixation element, stably confining the battery 305 and PCB assembly within the metal casing 307. The metal casing 307 and the second EVA foam 306 cooperate, and the overall structure is adapted for internal installation of tubular metal goods. It can be fixed by deformation stress, while ensuring axial transmission of the Bluetooth signal. This application utilizes the nozzle effect and the characteristics of directional antennas; the tag is installed 8cm inside the nozzle (not deeply buried) and employs a dipole directional antenna structure, with its radiation direction configured to align with the axial direction of the metal tubular cargo. In this case, the metal tube wall acts as a waveguide or reflector to some extent, limiting the radial spread of the signal and thus enhancing the axial signal strength.

[0098] Active Bluetooth tags (also known as beacons) use the Bluetooth connection protocol at their core, ensuring connectivity with terminal devices (such as mobile phones or most Bluetooth host devices). The Bluetooth tag acts as the slave device, and the mobile phone as the master device. The Bluetooth tag periodically broadcasts its ID and battery information, approximately every 2 seconds (or other intervals). After enabling Bluetooth, the mobile phone can establish a connection with the Bluetooth tag by scanning the broadcast signal and filtering by name. To support up to 200 Bluetooth tags simultaneously transmitting signals without conflict, and for the mobile phone to scan and connect to all of them, the transmission frequency channel is continuously switched among 20 channels when a Bluetooth tag broadcasts, changing to a different channel each time, and this switching is random among the 20 channels. The 2-second interval is also randomized using a random function, ensuring that each 2-second interval fluctuates randomly within ±100ms, guaranteeing that the mobile phone can correctly scan for more than 200 Bluetooth tags broadcasting.

[0099] This application also provides a Bluetooth-based intelligent warehouse control method, applicable to the Bluetooth-based intelligent warehouse system of any of the foregoing embodiments, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the process includes:

[0100] Step S401: Each of the multiple active Bluetooth tags performs frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay to broadcast a data packet containing its own unique identification code. Each active Bluetooth tag is configured to be installed inside a metal tubular cargo, and each active Bluetooth tag uses a directional antenna to transmit and receive signals along the cargo axis.

[0101] In step S402, the application on the terminal device controls the Bluetooth scanning module to listen cyclically on multiple Bluetooth channels and collect the unique identification codes broadcast by multiple active Bluetooth tags in batches within a preset scanning time to obtain a set of identification codes.

[0102] In step S403, the terminal device sends the set of identification codes to the server;

[0103] In step S404, the server queries the database for the cargo information associated with each unique identifier based on the identifier set, and updates the storage status of the corresponding cargo.

[0104] Through the above steps, the active Bluetooth tags installed inside the metal tubular goods hop between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels according to a preset broadcast interval and random delay mechanism, broadcasting data packets containing their own unique identification codes in a directional manner (along the cargo axis) to avoid metal shielding and signal collisions. The terminal device's application controls the Bluetooth scanning module to listen cyclically on the corresponding multiple Bluetooth channels, and collects the unique identification codes of all tags within the coverage area in batches within a preset scanning time, forming an identification code set. The terminal device uploads the identification code set to the server, and the server matches the cargo information (such as specifications, batch, etc.) corresponding to each unique identification code through the database, and automatically updates the corresponding cargo's storage status (such as warehousing, in stock, inventory completed). The control method in this embodiment broadcasts a unique identification code inside the metal tubular cargo using an active Bluetooth tag, avoiding the problems of barcodes and QR codes being easily damaged and wireless radio frequency signals being interfered with or blocked. The Bluetooth communication module's frequency hopping broadcasting and directional antenna transmitting and receiving signals along the cargo's axis improve the recognition rate and stability. The terminal device collects identification codes in batches, improving warehouse turnover efficiency. The server queries cargo information and updates warehouse status based on the identification code set, ensuring the accuracy and real-time nature of inventory data. This achieves the effect of improving warehouse management efficiency.

[0105] It should be noted that the system and method embodiments provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept. Other method embodiments correspond to the aforementioned system embodiments. Other technical features can be found in the previous embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0106] Figure 5 This is a diagram of a barcode scanning IoT hardware and software system architecture provided in this application embodiment. The system architecture will be described in detail below.

[0107] Active tags include Bluetooth tags, batteries, antennas, and housings, among which...

[0108] Bluetooth Tags: Utilizing Bluetooth Low Energy broadcasting reduces tag power consumption; using the Bluetooth MAC address as a unique tag ID for product identification; leveraging the directional and penetrating capabilities of Bluetooth 2.4G communication to match antenna design; utilizing Bluetooth's ubiquity to develop mobile app software as a read / write device; developing application layer software on the Bluetooth chip's built-in MCU to implement power management, data transmission and reception, alarm information transmission, and other functions; through low-power software strategy design, including BLE connection parameter configuration, and by configuring connection period, transmit power, data rate, and coordinating connection parameters on the read / write device side, ensuring data connection and reading of up to 200 tags within a 10-meter range within a warehouse manager's approximately 30-second scanning cycle.

[0109] Battery: The active tag uses button batteries as its power supply unit. By welding two batteries in parallel, a capacity of 360mAh is achieved within a very small space. This provides approximately 2.5 years of battery life under a tag board power consumption of 15uA. During installation, the positive and negative terminals of the batteries are first covered with heat-shrink tubing. Then, the two batteries are stacked on top of each other. Preventing the positive and negative terminals from connecting, the positive and negative terminals of the two batteries are connected in parallel using metal spot welding. This achieves the goal of increasing battery capacity without increasing voltage within a minimal cylindrical space.

[0110] Antenna: Because the tag is installed inside the metal pipe, the active tag must be installed within 8cm inside the pipe opening to facilitate connection between pipes. Therefore, almost all omnidirectional antennas cannot transmit active tag signals. Since the steel pipes are either loosely arranged on the ground or stacked, the communication distance between the active tag and the mobile device needs to be at least 1m for easy operation. Under these conditions, almost no active tags can meet the requirements. This application comprehensively selects the 2.4GHz Bluetooth band because it has certain versatility and low cost; the frequency band is moderate, not too high, and has a certain degree of penetration compared to communication methods such as UWB; the low frequency band allows for a smaller antenna size, making it suitable for designing a unique antenna structure within the limited space inside the steel pipe. Furthermore, the antenna is designed with a dipole directional antenna structure, satisfying both the requirement of installation at least 8cm inside the steel pipe and the requirement of a communication distance of at least 1m with the mobile phone reader / writer under low power transmission conditions.

[0111] Casing: The metal casing features a cylindrical structure to ensure uninterrupted wireless signal transmission; it meets the operating temperature requirements of -20 to 85 degrees Celsius and boasts high strength to prevent accidental damage; internally, it uses a rotating fastening method similar to a beverage bottle cap for assembly and waterproofing, with internal rubber gaskets ensuring waterproof strength. An external rubber sleeve further enhances the cylindrical shape, creating a conical structure that tapers from top to bottom. This allows it to be pushed into the steel tube, where the deformation stress of the rubber sleeve secures it within the tube, eliminating the need for external glue or other installation structures, thus saving labor and material costs. It can withstand drops and vibrations and is recyclable. Evenly spaced drainage grooves on the cylindrical outer wall prevent water accumulation inside the steel tube during construction and use.

[0112] The reading and writing device (corresponding to the aforementioned terminal device) can be a mobile terminal (or other handheld terminal). The mobile terminal uses web-based front-end software, which supports opening in a browser. There is no need to design special equipment, reducing the versatility and difficulty of operation for warehouse managers. Using the Bluetooth connection of the mobile phone, scanning software is designed to control the mobile phone hardware to scan the tags. Within an acceptable operation time range, such as 30 seconds, the tag data inside 200 steel pipes that are 5 meters wide and 1 meter high piled on the ground can be read and collected into the mobile phone.

[0113] Furthermore, a signal amplifier can be configured and designed as a housing with a built-in phone holder. The phone can be held in the holder and connected via USB for data communication. The signal amplifier incorporates a built-in Bluetooth signal amplifier and a higher-strength antenna to accommodate different phones and situations with poor signal strength, thereby expanding the scanning range and improving the efficiency of warehouse staff.

[0114] For example, an application scenario could be: a stockpile typically contains around 2,000 steel pipes, with each pile containing approximately 200 pipes. The warehouse manager can use their mobile phone to scan the piles of pipes, spending 10-30 seconds in front of each pile and collecting all the internal label data. This data can then be uploaded to the server's information system, where the server can transmit the relevant cargo information for each pipe to the mobile phone.

[0115] Regarding the network layer, wireless communication technology is adopted. To meet the low power consumption requirement, a one-to-many communication method of listening + periodic frequency hopping + enumeration broadcast is designed to avoid insufficient communication capacity and signal collision problems, and to ensure the readability of about 200 tags in one area. The gateway-free design adopts B / S architecture technology, and the mobile phone connects to the server via 4G network to realize data upload.

[0116] Real-time data stream processing: Apache Kafka is used to build a message queue to ensure millisecond-level response for inbound and outbound events.

[0117] Batch expiration date management: Automatically tracks the production date and shelf life of goods, and provides early warnings of products nearing their expiration date 30 days in advance.

[0118] ERP Integration Interface: Seamlessly integrates with SAP / Oracle systems to achieve two-way synchronization of financial and inventory data.

[0119] Multi-tenant management system: Supports refined management of multiple owners, warehouses, and goods, and achieves business isolation.

[0120] Dynamic shelving strategy: The system calculates the optimal storage location in real time based on the turnover rate, volume and weight of goods.

[0121] Batch association binding: Automatically establishes a digital association between goods and pallets / containers, supporting end-to-end tracking and traceability.

[0122] A three-tiered access control system: tiered authorization for operators, supervisors, and administrators, with key operations logged and traceable.

[0123] Operation audit log: Records all user operations, supporting post-event traceability and responsibility determination; Multi-level approval mechanism from warehouse manager to regional manager to manage the inbound and outbound processes; Processes can be freely configured through a visual interface, and permissions can be managed hierarchically.

[0124] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this disclosure. Any equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure shall still fall within the scope of this disclosure. Other embodiments of this disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the disclosure herein.

[0125] This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art that are not described in this disclosure.

Claims

1. A Bluetooth based smart warehousing system characterized by, include: Multiple active Bluetooth tags are provided, each configured to be installed inside a metal tubular cargo within 8 cm of the tube opening. Each active Bluetooth tag includes a Bluetooth communication module and a directional antenna. The Bluetooth communication module is used to perform frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay to broadcast a data packet containing its own unique identification code. The directional antenna is electrically connected to the Bluetooth communication module and is configured to converge and transmit signals along the axial direction of the metal tubular cargo. The directional antenna is a dipole directional antenna, and the main lobe direction of the radiation pattern of the dipole directional antenna is configured to be consistent with the axial direction of the metal tubular cargo. The terminal device includes a Bluetooth scanning module and an application, wherein the application is configured to control the Bluetooth scanning module to listen cyclically on multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels, so as to collect the unique identification codes broadcast by the multiple active Bluetooth tags in batches within a preset scanning time, and obtain an identification code set. The server is configured to receive the set of identification codes sent by the terminal device, and to query the cargo information associated with each unique identification code in the database based on each unique identification code in the set of identification codes, and update the storage status of the corresponding cargo. The active Bluetooth tag further includes a cylindrical metal shell, with a frustum-shaped rubber sleeve fitted on the outside of the cylindrical metal shell. The inside of the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve is provided with a rubber pad, and a drainage groove is formed on the outer wall of the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve. The cylindrical metal shell together with the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve is configured to allow the tubular metal cargo to be pushed into the tube opening along the axial direction, and to achieve a clamping and fixing by relying on the deformation stress of the frustum-shaped rubber sleeve to form an interference fit with the inner wall of the tubular metal cargo. The server includes a dynamic shelving module configured to: respond to an inbound instruction, acquire target attribute parameters corresponding to the target goods, the target attribute parameters including turnover rate, volume, and weight, wherein the target goods are any metal tubular goods corresponding to any of the active Bluetooth tags, the goods information corresponding to the target goods includes the target attribute parameters, and the turnover rate is automatically calculated based on historical inbound and outbound records of goods of the same model as the target goods; and calculate and recommend the optimal storage location for the target goods based on the target attribute parameters and the current warehouse location status information through a preset optimization algorithm. The preset optimization algorithm is a weighted scoring algorithm. The dynamic shelving module is configured to: predefine a storage location attribute score corresponding to the target attribute parameters for each available storage location, wherein the storage location attribute score includes location score, load-bearing capacity score, and space score; calculate the matching degree score between the target goods and each available storage location based on the attribute parameter values ​​of the target goods and preset weight coefficients; recommend the available storage location with the highest matching degree score as the optimal storage location; and the server feeds back the optimal storage location to the terminal device. The server also includes an outbound verification module, configured to: in response to an outbound instruction, issue an outbound list to the terminal device, the outbound list containing a list of unique identifiers for goods to be outbound; receive outbound verification data scanned and uploaded by the terminal device, the outbound verification data containing one or more unique identifiers for actual outbound goods; compare the unique identifiers contained in the outbound verification data with the list of unique identifiers to verify the correctness of the outbound goods; and after verification, update the storage status of the goods corresponding to each unique identifier in the outbound verification data to the outbound status.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The active Bluetooth tag also includes a battery unit comprising two button batteries connected in parallel. The Bluetooth communication module is configured to operate in a low-power mode, such that the average operating current of the active Bluetooth tag is less than or equal to 15 microamps.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The server includes an expiration date warning module, which is configured as follows: The database stores the product production date and shelf-life information associated with each of the unique identifiers; Calculate the remaining shelf life of goods periodically or in real time; When the remaining shelf life is less than or equal to a preset warning threshold, a warning message is generated and sent.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The system further includes a signal amplifier, which is a housing with a bracket. The signal amplifier is connected to the terminal device via wired or wireless means to extend the communication range of the Bluetooth scanning module. The signal amplifier has a built-in Bluetooth signal amplifier and a gain antenna.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein, The data packet also includes the battery power information of the active Bluetooth tag; the application is also configured to acquire and display the battery power information while collecting the unique identification code. 6.A Bluetooth-based intelligent warehouse control method, characterized in that, The system applied to the Bluetooth-based smart warehousing system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 includes: Each of the multiple active Bluetooth tags performs frequency hopping between multiple Bluetooth broadcast channels based on a preset broadcast interval and random delay to broadcast a data packet containing its own unique identification code. Each of the active Bluetooth tags is configured to be installed inside a metal tubular cargo, and each of the active Bluetooth tags uses a directional antenna to transmit and receive signals along the cargo axis. The application on the terminal device controls the Bluetooth scanning module to listen cyclically on the multiple Bluetooth channels and collect the unique identification codes broadcast by the multiple active Bluetooth tags in batches within a preset scanning time to obtain an identification code set. The terminal device sends the identification code set to the server; The server queries the database for cargo information associated with each unique identification code based on the set of identification codes, and updates the storage status of the corresponding cargo.

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