Method and apparatus for performing beam management in wireless communication system

Abstract

A method and apparatus for performing beam management in a wireless communication system are disclosed. According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a method performed by a terminal may comprise the steps of: receiving at least one reference signal (RS) from a base station; and transmitting, to the base station, information for reporting or requesting one or more RSs required by the terminal, based on the at least one RS. Here, for one or more RSs, the information may include at least one of first information indicating an RS or a set of RSs, second information related to a number of repetitions, third information related to a number of RSs, or fourth information related to a beam angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to wireless communication systems, and more specifically, to methods and apparatus for performing beam management in wireless communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] A mobile communication system has been developed to provide voice services while ensuring user mobility. However, mobile communication systems have expanded to include data and voice services, and the current explosive growth in these services has led to resource shortages. Users are demanding faster services and therefore require more advanced mobile communication systems.

[0003] The overall requirements for next-generation mobile communication systems should be able to support the capacity for explosive data traffic, significantly increased per-user transmission rates, a significantly increased number of connected devices, very low end-to-end latency, and high energy efficiency. To this end, various technologies such as dual connectivity, massive MIMO, in-band full-duplex, non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA), ultra-wideband support, and device networking have been investigated. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Technical issues

[0005] The technical problem of this disclosure is to provide a method and apparatus for performing beam management in a wireless communication system.

[0006] In addition, an additional technical problem of this disclosure is to provide methods and apparatus for supporting beam management based on artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML).

[0007] The technical objectives to be achieved by this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and other technical objectives not described herein will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art through the following description.

[0008] Technical solution

[0009] According to one aspect of this disclosure, a method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system may include: receiving at least one reference signal (RS) from a base station; and, based on the at least one RS, transmitting to the base station information for reporting or requesting one or more RSs required by the UE. Here, for the one or more RSs, the information may include at least one of the following: first information indicating an RS or set of RSs, second information relating to the number of repetitions, third information relating to the number of RSs, or fourth information relating to a beam angle.

[0010] According to an additional aspect of this disclosure, a method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system may include: transmitting at least one reference signal (RS) to a user equipment (UE); and receiving from the UE information based on the at least one RS for reporting or requesting one or more RSs required by the UE. Here, for the one or more RSs, the information may include at least one of the following: first information indicating an RS or set of RSs, second information relating to the number of repetitions, third information relating to the number of RSs, or fourth information relating to a beam angle.

[0011] Technical effect

[0012] According to various embodiments of this disclosure, methods and apparatus for performing beam management in wireless communication systems can be provided.

[0013] In addition, various embodiments of this disclosure can provide methods and apparatus for supporting AI / ML-based beam management.

[0014] In addition, according to various embodiments of this disclosure, the following technical effects can be achieved: the signaling overhead and / or delay of reconfiguring / indicating reference signals (RS) based on reports / requests from user equipment (UE) can be omitted or reduced.

[0015] The technical objectives to be achieved by this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and other technical objectives not described herein will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, included as part of the detailed description for understanding this disclosure, provide embodiments of the disclosure and describe the technical features of the disclosure through detailed description.

[0017] Figure 1 The structure of a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0018] Figure 2 A frame structure in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0019] Figure 3 An example is shown of a resource grid in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied.

[0020] Figure 4 Examples of physical resource blocks in wireless communication systems to which this disclosure may be applied are provided.

[0021] Figure 5 The time slot structure in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0022] Figure 6Examples are given of physical channels used in wireless communication systems to which this disclosure may be applied, as well as general signal transmission and reception methods using such physical channels.

[0023] Figure 7 Examples of general functional architectures related to function-based LCM and model-based LCM are provided.

[0024] Figure 8 Examples of signaling operations used in AI / ML-related processes.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a diagram used to explain the operation of a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure may be applied.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a diagram used to explain the operation of a base station in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure may be applied.

[0027] Figure 11 A block diagram illustrating a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In the following, embodiments according to this disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description disclosed with reference to the drawings is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and not to represent the only embodiments in which this disclosure can be implemented. The following detailed description includes specific details to provide a complete understanding of this disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that this disclosure can be implemented without these specific details.

[0029] In some cases, known structures and devices may be omitted, or they may be shown in block diagram form based on the core functions of each structure and device in order to prevent ambiguity of the concepts in this disclosure.

[0030] In this disclosure, when an element is referred to as “connected,” “combined,” or “linked” to another element, it can include both indirect and direct connections between the two elements. Furthermore, in this disclosure, the terms “comprising” or “having” specify the presence of the mentioned features, steps, operations, components, and / or elements, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, stages, operations, components, elements, and / or groups thereof.

[0031] In this disclosure, terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one element from another and are not used to limit the elements. Unless otherwise stated, they do not limit the order or importance of the elements. Therefore, within the scope of this disclosure, a first element in one embodiment may be referred to as a second element in another embodiment, and similarly, a second element in one embodiment may be referred to as a first element in another embodiment.

[0032] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and not for limiting the claims. As used in the description of embodiments and the appended claims, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “and / or” as used in this disclosure may refer to one of the associated enumerations, or is intended to refer to and include any and all possible combinations of two or more of them. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the “ / ” between words in this disclosure has the same meaning as “and / or”.

[0033] This disclosure describes a wireless communication network or wireless communication system, and operations performed in the wireless communication network can be performed during the process of a device (e.g., a base station) controlling the network and transmitting or receiving signals, or during the process of a terminal associated with the corresponding wireless network transmitting or receiving signals between the network or between the terminal.

[0034] In this disclosure, the term "transmit or receive channel" includes the meaning of transmitting or receiving information or signals through a corresponding channel. For example, transmitting a control channel means transmitting control information or control signals through a control channel. Similarly, transmitting a data channel means transmitting data information or data signals through a data channel.

[0035] In the following text, downlink (DL) refers to communication from a base station to a terminal, while uplink (UL) refers to communication from a terminal to a base station. In the downlink, the transmitter can be part of the base station, and the receiver can be part of the terminal. In the uplink, the transmitter can be part of the terminal, and the receiver can be part of the base station. A base station can be referred to as a first communication device, and a terminal can be referred to as a second communication device. A base station (BS) can be replaced by terms such as fixed station, Node B, eNB (evolved Node B), gNB (next-generation Node B), BTS (Base Transceiver System), Access Point (AP), Network (5G network), AI (Artificial Intelligence) system / module, RSU (Roadside Unit), robot, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), AR (Augmented Reality) device, VR (Virtual Reality) device, etc. In addition, terminals can be fixed or mobile, and can be replaced by terms such as UE (User Equipment), MS (Mobile Station), UT (User Terminal), MSS (Mobile Subscriber Station), SS (Subscriber Station), AMS (Advanced Mobile Station), WT (Wireless Terminal), MTC (Machine-Type Communication) equipment, M2M (Machine-to-Machine) equipment, D2D (Device-to-Device) equipment, vehicle, RSU (Roadside Unit), robot, AI (Artificial Intelligence) module, UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), AR (Augmented Reality) equipment, VR (Virtual Reality) equipment, etc.

[0036] The technologies described in this specification can be used in various wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA). CDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), and Enhanced Data Rate GSM Evolution (EDGE). OFDMA can be implemented using wireless technologies such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and 5G NR.

[0037] The technologies described in this specification can be implemented using 6G wireless technology and can be applied to various 6G systems. For example, 6G systems can have key features such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), massive machine-type communication (mMTC), artificial intelligence (AI) integrated communication, tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion, and enhanced data security.

[0038] To make the description clearer, it is based on 3GPP communication systems (e.g., LTE-A, NR, 6G), but the technical ideas of this disclosure are not limited thereto. LTE refers to technology from 3GPP TS (Technical Specification) version 8 onwards. Specifically, LTE technology in or after 3GPP TS 36.xxx is referred to as LTE-A, and LTE technology in or after 3GPP TS 36.xxx is referred to as LTE-A pro. 3GPP NR refers to technology in or after TS 38.xxx. LTE / NR / 6G can be referred to as a 3GPP system. "xxx" refers to the detailed number of the standard document. LTE / NR / 6G is generally referred to as a 3GPP system. For background technology, terminology, abbreviations, etc., used to describe this disclosure, reference can be made to the matters described in the standard documents previously published. For example, the following documents can be consulted.

[0039] For 3GPP LTE, you can refer to TS 36.211 (Physical Channels and Modulation), TS 36.212 (Multiplexing and Channel Coding), TS 36.213 (Physical Layer Procedures), TS 36.300 (General Description), and TS 36.331 (Radio Resource Control).

[0040] For 3GPP NR, you can refer to TS 38.211 (Physical Channels and Modulation), TS 38.212 (Multiplexing and Channel Coding), TS 38.213 (Physical Layer Procedures for Control), TS 38.214 (Physical Layer Procedures for Data), TS 38.300 (General Description of NR and NG-RAN (Next Generation Radio Access Network)), and TS 38.331 (Radio Resource Control Protocol Specification).

[0041] The abbreviations of terms that may be used in this disclosure are defined as follows.

[0042] - BM: Beam Management

[0043] - CQI: Channel Quality Indicator

[0044] - CRI: Channel State Information - Reference Signal Resource Indicator

[0045] - CSI: Channel State Information

[0046] - CSI-IM: Channel State Information - Interference Measurement

[0047] - CSI-RS: Channel State Information - Reference Signal

[0048] - DMRS: Demodulation Reference Signal

[0049] - FDM: Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0050] - FFT: Fast Fourier Transform

[0051] - IFDMA: Interleaved Frequency Division Multiple Access

[0052] - IFFT: Inverse Fast Fourier Transform

[0053] - L1-RSRP: Layer 1 Reference Signal Received Power

[0054] - L1-RSRQ: Layer 1 reference signal reception quality

[0055] - MAC: Media Access Control

[0056] - NZP: Non-zero power

[0057] - OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

[0058] - PDCCH: Physical Downlink Control Channel

[0059] - PDSCH: Physical Downlink Shared Channel

[0060] - PMI: Precoding Matrix Indicator

[0061] - RE: Resource Elements

[0062] - RI: Rank Indicator

[0063] - RRC: Radio Resource Control

[0064] - RSSI: Received Signal Strength Indicator

[0065] - Rx: Receive

[0066] - QCL: Quasi-co-location

[0067] - SINR: Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio

[0068] - SSB (or SS / PBCH block): Synchronization signal block (including PSS (primary synchronization signal), SSS (secondary synchronization signal), and PBCH (physical broadcast channel))

[0069] - TDM: Time Division Multiplexing

[0070] - TRP: Transmitting and Receiving Point

[0071] - TRS: Tracking Reference Signal

[0072] - Tx: Send

[0073] - UE: User Equipment

[0074] - ZP: Zero Power

[0075] Overall System

[0076] With more communication devices requiring higher capacity, there has been a demand for improved mobile broadband communications compared to existing radio access technologies (RATs). Furthermore, massive MTC (machine-type communication) that provides various services anytime, anywhere by connecting multiple devices and things is also one of the main issues to be considered in next-generation communications. In addition, communication system designs considering services / terminals sensitive to reliability and latency are discussed. Therefore, the introduction of next-generation RATs considering eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband communication), mMTC (massive MTC), URLLC (ultra-reliable low-latency communication), etc., is discussed, and for convenience, the corresponding technologies are referred to as NR in this disclosure. NR is an example expression representing 5G RAT.

[0077] As mentioned above, NR systems are entirely new mobile communication systems designed to succeed LTE (Long Term Evolution), featuring characteristics such as high performance, low latency, and high availability. In the case of NR systems, all available spectrum resources can be utilized, ranging from low-frequency bands below 1 GHz, to mid-frequency bands from 1 GHz to 10 GHz, and high-frequency (millimeter-wave) bands of 24 GHz or higher. Based on the fundamental technologies of NR systems, 6G mobile communication systems (hereinafter referred to as 6G systems) are being developed.

[0078] 6G systems aim to achieve (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) a very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) extremely low latency, (v) reduced energy consumption for battery-free Internet of Things (IoT) devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision for 6G systems can encompass four aspects: intelligent connectivity, deep connectivity, holographic connectivity, and ubiquitous connectivity.

[0079] New RAT systems, including NR and 6G systems (hereinafter referred to as next-generation RAT systems), use OFDM transmission schemes or similar schemes. Next-generation RAT systems can follow OFDM parameters different from those of LTE. Alternatively, next-generation RAT systems can follow the existing LTE / LTE-A parameter sets as is, but can support larger system bandwidths (e.g., 100MHz). Alternatively, a single cell can support multiple parameter sets. That is, UEs operating with different parameter sets can coexist within a single cell.

[0080] The parameter set corresponds to a subcarrier spacing in the frequency domain. Different parameter sets can be defined as the reference subcarrier spacing is scaled by an integer N.

[0081] Figure 1 The structure of a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0082] Reference Figure 1 The NG-RAN is configured with gNBs that provide control plane (RRC) protocol support for the NG-RA (NG Radio Access) user plane (i.e., the new AS (Access Layer) sublayer / PDCP (Packet Data Convergence Protocol) / RLC (Radio Link Control) / MAC / PHY) and UE. The gNBs interconnect via the Xn interface. Furthermore, the gNBs are connected to the NGC (Next Generation Core) via the NG interface. More specifically, the gNBs are connected to the AMF (Access and Mobility Management Power) via the N2 interface and to the UPF (User Plane Functions) via the N3 interface.

[0083] Figure 2 A frame structure in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0084] The next-generation RAT system can support multiple parameter sets. Here, the parameter set can be defined by the subcarrier spacing and cyclic prefix (CP) overhead. Multiple subcarrier spacings can be derived by scaling the basic (reference) subcarrier spacing by an integer N (or μ). Furthermore, although it is assumed that very low subcarrier spacings are not used at very high carrier frequencies, the parameter set used can be selected independently of the frequency band. Moreover, various frame structures based on multiple parameter sets can be supported in the next-generation RAT system.

[0085] The following section describes the OFDM parameter sets and frame structures that can be considered in next-generation RAT systems. Several OFDM parameter sets supported in next-generation RAT systems can be defined as shown in Table 1 below.

[0086] [Table 1]

[0087] The next-generation RAT system supports multiple parameter sets (or subcarrier spacing (SCS)) to support a variety of 5G / 6G services. For example, a 15kHz SCS supports wide-area coverage in traditional cellular bands; a 30kHz / 60kHz SCS supports dense urban environments, lower latency, and wider carrier bandwidth; and a 60kHz or higher SCS supports bandwidths greater than 24.25GHz to overcome phase noise. Although not described in Table 1, in the case of 6G systems, support for a 480kHz / 960kHz SCS can be added.

[0088] The frequency bands of next-generation RAT systems are defined as various types of frequency ranges (e.g., FR1, FR2, etc.). For example, FR1 and FR2 can be configured as shown in Table 2 below. Additionally, FR2 can refer to millimeter wave (mmW).

[0089] [Table 2]

[0090] Regarding the frame structure in the next-generation RAT system, the sizes of various fields in the time domain are expressed as follows: Multiples of time units. Here, for ,and Downlink and uplink transmissions are configured (organized) to have durations. The radio frame. Here, the radio frame is configured with 10 subframes, each with... The duration. In this case, there may be one frame set for the uplink and one frame set for the downlink.

[0091] Furthermore, the transmission in the i-th uplink frame from the terminal should begin earlier than the corresponding downlink frame in the corresponding terminal. Let's begin with the subcarrier spacing configuration. The time slots are arranged in subframes according to The numbering is in ascending order, and in the radio frame according to The time slot is configured with an increasing sequence number. A continuous OFDM symbol, and Determined based on CP. Time slots in subframes. The start of OFDM symbols in the same subframe The start dates are arranged in time. Not all terminals may perform transmission and reception simultaneously, meaning that all OFDM symbols in either the downlink or uplink time slots may not be available.

[0092] Table 3 shows the number of OFDM symbols in each time slot during normal CP. Number of time slots per radio frame and the number of time slots per subframe Table 4 shows the number of OFDM symbols per slot, the number of slots per radio frame, and the number of slots per subframe in the extended CP.

[0093] [Table 3]

[0094] [Table 4]

[0095] Figure 2 This is an example with μ=2 (SCS = 60 kHz), see Table 3. One subframe can include 4 time slots. For example... Figure 2 The subframe shown as {1,2,4} is an example. The number of time slots that can be included in a subframe is defined in Table 3 or Table 4. Additionally, micro-time slots can include 2, 4, or 7 symbols, or more or fewer symbols.

[0096] Regarding physical resources in next-generation RAT systems, considerations include antenna ports, resource grids, resource elements, resource blocks, and carrier components. The physical resources that can be considered in next-generation RAT systems will be described in detail below.

[0097] First, regarding antenna ports, an antenna port is defined such that the channel carrying symbols in that antenna port can be inferred from the channels carrying other symbols in the same antenna port. When the large-scale properties of the channel carrying symbols in one antenna port can be inferred from the channel carrying symbols in another antenna port, it can be said that the two antenna ports are in a QC / QCL (quasi-co-located or quasi-co-located) relationship. In this case, the large-scale properties include at least one of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency shift, average received power, and receive timing.

[0098] Figure 3 An example is shown of a resource grid in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied.

[0099] Reference Figure 3 This illustratively describes a resource grid configured with frequency domain information. There are 1 subcarrier, and a subframe is configured with 1 subcarrier. One OFDM symbol, but not limited to this. In next-generation RAT systems, the transmitted signal is... Each OFDM symbol and configuration has It is described using one or more resource grids for each subcarrier. Here, . This represents the maximum transmission bandwidth, which may differ between uplink and downlink, and between parameter sets. In this case, each μ and antenna port p can be configured with a resource grid. Each element of the resource grid used for μ and antenna port p is called a resource element and is indexed by a pair of... Unique identifier. Here, It is an index in the frequency domain, and Refers to the symbol position within a subframe. When referencing resource elements within a time slot, index pairs are used. Here, Resource elements used for μ and antenna port p. Corresponding to complex values When there is no risk of confusion or when a specific antenna port or parameter set is not specified, the indices p and μ may be discarded, and the complex values ​​may be... or Furthermore, resource blocks (RBs) are defined in the frequency domain. A series of consecutive subcarriers.

[0100] Point A serves as a common reference point for the resource block grid and is obtained as follows.

[0101] - The offsetToPointA of the downlink in the primary cell (PCell) represents the frequency offset between point A and the lowest subcarrier of the lowest resource block that overlaps with the SS / PBCH block, which is used by the terminal for initial cell selection. It is assumed that a subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz is used for FR1 and a subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz is used for FR2, expressed in units of resource blocks.

[0102] -absoluteFrequencyPointA represents the frequency location of point A, expressed in ARFCN (Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number).

[0103] For the subcarrier spacing configuration μ, the common resource blocks are numbered from 0 upwards in the frequency domain. The center of subcarrier 0 of common resource block 0 used for subcarrier spacing configuration μ is the same as "point A". The common resource block number n for subcarrier spacing configuration μ in the frequency domain is... CRB μ The relationship between the resource element (k,l) and the resource element (k,l) is given by Equation 1 below.

[0104] [Formula 1]

[0105] In Equation 1, k is defined relative to point A, such that k=0 corresponds to a subcarrier centered at point A. The physical resource block (BWP) ranges from 0 to... The number i is the BWP number. The physical resource block n in BWPi. PRB and public resource block n CRB The relationship between them is given by Equation 2.

[0106] [Equation 2] It is a public resource block relative to public resource block 0 in BWP.

[0107] Figure 4 Examples of physical resource blocks in wireless communication systems that can utilize this disclosure are provided. Furthermore, Figure 5 The time slot structure in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied is illustrated.

[0108] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 A time slot includes multiple symbols in the time domain. For example, for a normal CP, one time slot includes 7 symbols, but for an extended CP, one time slot includes 6 symbols.

[0109] A carrier comprises multiple subcarriers in the frequency domain. An RB (Resource Block) is defined as multiple (e.g., 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. A BWP (Bandwidth Component) is defined as multiple consecutive (physical) resource blocks in the frequency domain and can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., SCS, CP length, etc.). A carrier can include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through active BWPs, and only one BWP can be active for a single terminal. In the resource grid, each element is called a resource element (RE) and can be mapped to a complex number of symbols.

[0110] In next-generation RAT systems, each component carrier (CC) can support up to 400 MHz. If a terminal operating in such a wideband CC always operates with the RF (Frequency Radio Frequency) chip enabled for the entire CC, terminal battery consumption may increase. Alternatively, when considering multiple applications operating in a single wideband CC (e.g., eMBB, URLLC, Mmtc, V2X, etc.), different sets of parameters (e.g., subcarrier spacing, etc.) can be supported in each band of the corresponding CC. Alternatively, each terminal may have different capabilities for the maximum bandwidth. With this in mind, the base station can instruct the terminal to operate only in a portion of the bandwidth, rather than the full bandwidth of the wideband CC, and for convenience, the corresponding portion of the bandwidth is defined as the Bandwidth Part (BWP). The BWP can be configured with consecutive RBs on the frequency axis and can correspond to a set of parameters (e.g., subcarrier spacing, CP length, slot / microslot duration).

[0111] Furthermore, even within a single CC configured for a terminal, a base station can configure multiple BWPs. For example, a BWP occupying a relatively small frequency domain can be configured in a PDCCH monitoring slot, and a PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH can be scheduled within a larger BWP.

[0112] Alternatively, when a UE is congested in a specific BWP, other BWPs can be configured for some terminals to perform load balancing. Alternatively, considering inter-cell interference cancellation in the frequency domain between neighboring cells, some intermediate spectrum across the full bandwidth can be excluded, and two edge BWPs can be configured in the same time slot. In other words, the base station can configure at least one DL / UL BWP to a terminal associated with a broadband CC. The base station can activate at least one of the configured DL / UL BWPs at a specific time (via L1 signaling, MAC CE (control element), or RRC signaling, etc.).

[0113] Furthermore, the base station can instruct a handover to a different configured DL / UL BWP (via L1 signaling, MAC CE, or RRC signaling, etc.). Alternatively, based on a timer, a handover to a specific DL / UL BWP can be initiated when the timer value expires. Here, the active DL / UL BWP is defined as the active DL / UL BWP. However, the terminal may not receive the configuration on the DL / UL BWP before performing the initial access procedure or establishing an RRC connection; therefore, in these cases, the DL / UL BWP assumed by the terminal is defined as the initially active DL / UL BWP.

[0114] Figure 6 Examples are given of physical channels used in wireless communication systems to which this disclosure may be applied, as well as general signal transmission and reception methods using such physical channels.

[0115] In wireless communication systems, terminals receive information from base stations via downlink and transmit information to base stations via uplink. The information sent and received by base stations and terminals includes data and various control information, and various physical channels exist depending on the type / purpose of the information they send and receive.

[0116] Figure 6 The second node supports Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) and can provide connectivity not only to nodes implementing 6G technology but also to nodes implementing pre-6G wireless communication technologies (e.g., 5G, 4G). In other words, Figure 6 The first node can be a node implementing 6G technology or a node implementing wireless communication technologies prior to 6G (e.g., 5G, 4G). Furthermore, the first node and / or the second node can support full-duplex mode and non-overlapping full-duplex mode.

[0117] exist Figure 6 For ease of description, the first node and the second node are assumed to be a user equipment (UE) and a base station, respectively, and the operations of the UE (110) and the base station (120) transmitting and / or receiving data, as well as the operations performed before them, are illustrated. However, Figure 6 The operation is not limited to the operation between the UE and the base station, and can also be interpreted as the operation between the first node and the second node. Furthermore, Figure 6 This example illustrates the direct transmission and reception of wireless signals between a UE (110) and a base station (120), but there may be one or more intermediate points between the UE (110) and the base station (120), and the wireless signals may be transmitted and received via one or more intermediate points.

[0118] refer to Figure 6In step 101, the UE (110) and the base station (120) perform synchronization. For example, the UE (110) performs an initial cell search operation. Specifically, the UE (110) can detect at least one synchronization signal sent from the base station (120) for base station access according to predefined rules. Here, the synchronization signal may include multiple synchronization signals classified according to structure or purpose (e.g., a first synchronization signal (e.g., a primary synchronization signal), a second synchronization signal (e.g., a secondary synchronization signal), etc.). In this way, the UE (110) can identify the boundaries of the units (e.g., frames, subframes, time slots, and / or symbols) constituting the radio signal transmission of the base station (120) and can obtain information about the base station (120) (e.g., cell identifier).

[0119] In step 103, the UE (110) acquires system information transmitted from the base station (120). System information is information relating to the attributes, characteristics, and / or capabilities of the base station (120) required to access the base station (120) and use the service, and can be categorized according to content (e.g., whether it is inherently necessary for access), transmission structure (e.g., the channel used, whether it is provided on demand), etc. For example, system information can be categorized as first system information (e.g., main information block (MIB), main system information), second system information (e.g., system information block (SIB), secondary system information), etc. If necessary, the UE (110) may send a signal requesting system information before receiving the system information. However, the request and provision of system information can be performed after the random access procedure described later.

[0120] In step 105, the UE (110) and the base station (120) perform a random access procedure. Based on channel-related information (e.g., channel location, channel structure, supported preamble structure, etc.) obtained through system information related to the random access procedure of the base station (120), the UE (110) may send and / or receive at least one message (e.g., random access preamble, random access response (RAR) message, etc.) for the random access procedure. For example, the UE (110) may send a first message (e.g., preamble, MSG1) through the channel used for the random access procedure, receive a second message (e.g., RAR message, MSG2), send a third message (e.g., MSG3) to the base station (120) using scheduling information included in the second message, which includes information related to the UE (110) (e.g., identification information), and receive a fourth message (e.g., MSG4) for contention resolution and / or connection establishment. As another example, the first and third messages may be sent and received as a single message, or the second and fourth messages may be sent and received as a single message.

[0121] In step 107, the UE (110) and the base station (120) execute signaling for control information. Here, the control information can be defined at various layers, such as layers that control connections (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer), layers that handle the mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., Medium Access Control (MAC) layer), and layers that handle physical channels (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer). For example, the UE (110) and the base station (120) can execute at least one of signaling for establishing a connection, signaling for determining communication-related configurations, and signaling for indicating allocated resources.

[0122] In step 109, the UE (110) and the base station (120) transmit and / or receive data. In other words, the UE (110) and the base station (120) can process data and transmit and / or receive data based on signaling of control information. For example, in the case of transmitting data, the UE (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of channel coding, rate matching, scrambling, constellation mapping, layer mapping, waveform modulation, antenna mapping, and resource mapping on the information bits. Conversely, in the case of receiving data, the UE (110) or the base station (120) can perform at least one of extracting signals from resources, demodulating the waveform by antenna, placing signals considering layer mapping, constellation demapping, descrambling, and channel decoding.

[0123] Table 5 shows an example of the DCI format in the next-generation RAT system.

[0124] [Table 5]

[0125] Referring to Table 5, DCI formats 0_0, 0_1, and 0_2 can include resource information (e.g., UL / SUL (Supplemental UL), frequency resource allocation, time resource allocation, frequency hopping, etc.), information related to transport blocks (TBs) (e.g., MCS (Modulation and Coding Scheme), NDI (New Data Indicator), RV (Redundancy Version), etc.), information related to HARQ (Hybrid Automatic Repeat and Request) (e.g., process number, DAI (Downlink Assignment Index), PDSCH-HARQ feedback timing, etc.), information related to multiple antennas (e.g., DMRS sequence initialization information, antenna ports, CSI requests, etc.), power control information related to PUSCH scheduling (e.g., PUSCH power control, etc.), and control information included in each DCI format can be predefined. DCI format 0_0 is used to schedule PUSCHs within a cell. DCI format 0_0 includes information scrambled with CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) using C-RNTI (Cell Radio Network Temporary Identifier), CS-RNTI (Configured Scheduling RNTI), or MCS-C-RNTI (Modulation and Coding Scheme Cell RNTI) and transmitted. DCI format 0_1 ​​is used to indicate the scheduling of one or more PUSCHs or to provide downlink feedback information to the Terminal Configuration Grant (CG) within a cell. The information in DCI format 0_1 ​​is scrambled with C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI (Semi-Persistent CSIRNTI), or MCS-C-RNTI and transmitted. DCI format 0_2 is used to schedule PUSCHs within a cell. The information in DCI format 0_2 is scrambled with C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, SP-CSI-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI and transmitted.

[0126] Next, DCI formats 1_0, 1_1, and 1_2 may include resource information (e.g., frequency resource allocation, time resource allocation, VRB (Virtual Resource Block) - PRB (Physical Resource Block) mapping, etc.), information related to transport blocks (TB) (e.g., MCS, NDI, RV, etc.), information related to HARQ (e.g., process number, DAI, PDSCH-HARQ feedback timing, etc.), information related to multiple antennas (e.g., antenna port, TCI (Transmission Configuration Indicator), SRS (Sound Reference Signal) request, etc.), PUCCH-related information regarding PDSCH scheduling (e.g., PUCCH power control, PUCCH resource indicator, etc.), and control information included in each DCI format can be predefined.

[0127] DCI format 1_0 is used to schedule PDSCH in a DL cell. The information included in DCI format 1_0 is a CRC scrambled and transmitted by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0128] DCI format 1_1 is used to schedule PDSCH in a cell. The information included in DCI format 1_1 is a CRC scrambled and transmitted by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0129] DCI format 1_2 is used to schedule PDSCH in a cell. The information contained in DCI format 1_2 is a CRC scrambled and transmitted by C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, or MCS-C-RNTI.

[0130] Quasi-co-located (QCL)

[0131] An antenna port is defined such that a channel carrying a symbol on that antenna port can be inferred from a channel carrying another symbol on the same antenna port. If the properties of a channel carrying a symbol on one antenna port can be inferred from a channel carrying a symbol on another antenna port, then the two antenna ports are considered to be in a QC / QCL (quasi-co-located or quasi-co-located) relationship.

[0132] Here, channel characteristics include at least one of delay spread, Doppler spread, frequency / Doppler shift, average received power, received timing / average delay, and spatial Rx parameters. Here, spatial Rx parameters refer to spatial (received) channel characteristic parameters such as angle of arrival.

[0133] The UE can be configured with a list of up to M TCI-State configurations in the higher-layer parameter PDSCH-Config to decode the PDSCH based on the detected expected DCI for the UE and the PDCCH of a given serving cell. M depends on the UE's capabilities.

[0134] Each TCI-State includes parameters for establishing a quasi-co-address relationship between one or two DL reference signals and the DM-RS port of the PDSCH.

[0135] The quasi-co-address relationship is configured by the higher-layer parameter qcl-Type1 for the first DL RS and qcl-Type2 (if set) for the second DL RS. The QCL type is different for the two DL RSs, regardless of whether the reference signal is the same or different DL RSs.

[0136] The quasi-co-address type corresponding to each DL RS is given by the higher-level parameter qcl-Type of QCL-Info, and can take one of the following values: - “QCL-TypeA”: {Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread} - "QCL-TypeB": {Doppler shift, Doppler extension} - "QCL-TypeC": {Doppler shift, average delay} - "QCL-TypeD": {Space Rx parameter} For example, if the target antenna port is a specific NZP CSI-RS, the corresponding NZP CSI-RS antenna port can be indicated / configured to be quasi-co-located with a specific TRS from the QCL-Type A angle and quasi-co-located with a specific SSB from the QCL-Type D angle. A UE that has received this indication / configuration can use the Doppler and delay values ​​measured at the QCL-Type A TRS to receive the corresponding NZP CSI-RS, and apply the receive beam used for QCL-Type D SSB reception to the corresponding NZP CSI-RS reception.

[0137] The UE can receive an activation command via MAC CE signaling, which is used to map up to eight TCI states to code points in the DCI field “Transmission Configuration Indication”.

[0138] Artificial intelligence (AI) / machine learning (ML) related operations

[0139] AI / ML can be introduced / applied to the next-generation RAT system described in this disclosure.

[0140] Integrating AI into communications can simplify and improve real-time data transmission. AI can use extensive analytics to determine how complex tasks should be performed. This means AI can improve efficiency and reduce processing latency. Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly using AI. AI can also play a crucial role in machine-to-machine (M2M), machine-to-human, and human-to-machine communications. Furthermore, AI can facilitate rapid communication in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, smart structures, smart networks, smart devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

[0141] The functional framework for AI / ML operations is described below.

[0142] In the following text, for the purpose of providing a more specific explanation of AI (or AI / ML), the terminology may be defined as follows.

[0143] - Data collection: Data collected from network nodes, management entities, or terminals serves as the basis for AI model training, data analysis, and inference.

[0144] - AI Model: A data-driven algorithm that uses AI technology to generate a set of outputs containing predictive information and / or decision parameters based on a set of inputs.

[0145] - AI / ML training: An online or offline process that trains an AI model by learning the features and patterns that best represent the data, and obtains a trained AI / ML model for inference.

[0146] - AI / ML inference: The process of making predictions or inducing decisions based on collected data and using AI models trained with AI models.

[0147] The lifecycle management (LCM) process for AI / ML models (i.e., model training, model deployment, model inference, model monitoring, model updates, etc.) can be divided into function-based LCM and model-based LCM. In function-based LCM, the AI / ML model may not be recognized by the network, and the network can guide the activation / deactivation / rollback / switching of AI / ML functions. In model ID (identifier)-based LCM, the AI / ML model can be recognized by the network, and the network / endpoint can activate / deactivate / select / switch the AI / ML model using the model ID.

[0148] Figure 7 Examples of common functional architectures related to both function-based LCM and model-based LCM are provided. Figure 7 Some functions or data / information / command flows (i.e., arrows) illustrated in the example can be omitted.

[0149] refer to Figure 7 The general functional framework can be configured to include data collection (10), model training (20), management (30), inference (40), and model storage (50).

[0150] The data collection function (10) is a function that provides input data to the model training function (20), management function (30), and inference function (40). The data collection function (10) can perform data preparation based on raw data and provide input data after data preparation processing. Examples of raw data may include data / measurement data received from terminals or other network entities, inference / output of AI / ML models, etc. The data collection function (10) can be performed by a single entity (e.g., terminal, network node, etc.) or by multiple entities.

[0151] Here, training data (11) refers to the data required as input to the AI / ML model training function (20). Monitoring data (12) refers to the data required as input to the management (30) of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. Inference data (13) refers to the data required as input to the AI / ML inference function (30).

[0152] The model training function (20) is a function that performs AI / ML model training, validation, and testing, and can generate model performance metrics that can be used as part of the AI / ML model testing process. If needed, the model training function (20) can perform data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, shaping, and transformation) based on the training data (11) transferred from the data collection function (10).

[0153] Trained / updated model (21): If a model storage function (50) exists, it is used to transfer trained, validated and tested AI / ML models to the model storage function (50), or to transfer updated versions of the model to the model storage function (50).

[0154] The management function (30) is a function that supervises the operation of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. In addition, the management function (30) can make decisions based on the data received from the data collection function (10) (i.e., monitoring data (12)) and / or the data received from the inference function (40) (i.e., inference output (41)) to ensure appropriate inference operations.

[0155] The management instruction (32) is the information required to manage the input of the inference function (40). The relevant information may include the selection / (de)activation / switching of the AI / ML model or AI / ML-based function, and may also include fallback to non-AI / ML operations (i.e., independent of the inference process).

[0156] The model transfer / delivery request (33) can be used to request a model from the model store (50).

[0157] Performance feedback / retraining request (31) means the information required for input to the model training function (20) (e.g., for the purpose of (re)training or updating the model).

[0158] The inference function (40) is a function that provides output by applying an AI / ML model or AI / ML function using data provided by the data collection (10) (i.e., inference data (13)) as input. Data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, formatting, and transformation) can be performed based on the inference data (13) transmitted by the data collection (10). If necessary, the inference function (40) can also perform data preparation (e.g., data preprocessing and cleaning, shaping, and transformation) based on the inference data (13) provided by the data collection function (10).

[0159] The inference output (41) is data used in the management function (30) to monitor the performance of the AI / ML model or AI / ML function. The inference output (41) may include the inference output of the AI / ML model generated by the inference function (30), and the details of the inference output may vary depending on the use case.

[0160] The model storage function (50) is a function for storing learned / updated models that can be used to perform the inference function (40). Figure 7 The model storage function (50) illustrated herein can be used as a reference point (if present) when applicable to protocol termination, model transfer / delivery, and related processes. Furthermore, the model storage function (50) is merely an example and is not intended to limit the storage location of actual AI / ML models, and may be omitted.

[0161] Model delivery (51) is used to deliver AI / ML models to the inference function.

[0162] Collaboration levels can be defined based on the AI / ML capabilities of multiple nodes as follows, and variations are also possible due to combinations of multiple levels or separation of any one level.

[0163] Category 0a) No collaborative framework: AI / ML algorithms are purely implementation-based and do not require any changes to the wireless interface.

[0164] Category 0b) This level corresponds to a framework with a modified wireless interface that is tailored for efficient implementation-based AI / ML algorithms, but without collaboration.

[0165] Category 1) Provides inter-node support to improve the AI / ML algorithm of each node. For example, this applies to situations where a particular node receives support from another node (for training, adaptation, etc.) and vice versa. At this level, model exchange between network nodes is not required.

[0166] Category 2) Joint AI / ML tasks can be executed across multiple nodes. This category requires AI / ML model commands or exchanges between network nodes.

[0167] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating the overall functional framework used in AI / ML models, and is not... Figure 7 All functions and / or all data / information / command signals illustrated in the example can be executed within a specific node, or only some of them can be executed.

[0168] AI / ML models can be categorized into one-sided and two-sided models based on whether training and / or inference are performed on a single node or jointly / sequentially on multiple nodes.

[0169] A one-sided model can refer to an AI / ML model inference performed entirely by a single node (e.g., an endpoint or network). Here, training the AI / ML model can also be performed entirely by a single node. Training and inference of the AI / ML model can be performed by the same node, or they can be performed by separate nodes.

[0170] A two-sided model can refer to an AI / ML model that jointly performs inference across multiple nodes (e.g., endpoints and networks). Joint inference means performing inference jointly across multiple nodes. For example, the first part of the inference can be performed by a first node, and the remaining part of the inference can be performed by a second node. Two-sided models can be classified into several types based on the training method of the AI / ML model, as follows.

[0171] - Type 1: AI / ML models can be trained on a single node. In this case, joint training can be performed. The trained model can then be distributed to other nodes / objects.

[0172] - Second type: Joint training of AI / ML models can be performed separately on multiple nodes / entities (e.g., network and endpoint). Joint training can mean that model generation (e.g., CSI generation part) and model reconstruction (through CSI compression of sub-use cases) are trained in the same loop for forward activation and backward gradient. In this type, joint training can include both simultaneous training (i.e., model generation training and model reconstruction training are performed simultaneously) and sequential training (i.e., model reconstruction training is performed after model generation training).

[0173] - Third type: Separate training of AI / ML models can be performed on multiple nodes (e.g., network and terminal). Separate training can mean that training begins sequentially on one node and continues on the other nodes. In this case, if the first node executes the AI / ML model first and shares training data with the second node, the second node can use the shared training data to execute the AI / ML model. For example, training for the CSI generation part can be performed by the terminal, and CSI reconstruction can be performed by the network.

[0174] The operations described in this disclosure below can be based on the following text Figure 8 The AI / ML model shown is used to explain / interpret, even if it is not mentioned separately (i.e., it is not explicitly mentioned that it is performed by / based on / used by AI / ML model).

[0175] Furthermore, unless specifically limited in the description of this disclosure, an AI / ML model may correspond to a one-sided model in which inference is performed entirely by a single node or a two-sided model in which joint inference is performed by multiple nodes.

[0176] Step 1: In the description of this disclosure below, signaling (e.g., information / data / channel / signal, etc.) or a set of signaling between a particular node (e.g., a terminal, network, etc.) and another node can be interpreted as signaling or a set of signaling used to perform the operations of Step 1 based on the AI / ML model, even if not otherwise mentioned. For example, it can correspond to the signaling used for training (i.e., generation and / or reconstruction). Figure 7 The training data for the AI / ML model, or the inference data used for inference in the AI / ML model, or the feedback used for the AI / ML model, etc. If signaling between nodes is not required before the operations based on the AI / ML model in this disclosure, step 1 can be omitted. If a one-sided model is used in this disclosure, the one-way / two-way signaling (set) in this disclosure can correspond to the signaling in step 1. Furthermore, when a two-sided model is used in this disclosure, the one-way / two-way signaling in this disclosure can correspond to one-stage signaling, and repeated signaling operations can also correspond to one-stage signaling.

[0177] For example, in AI / ML model-based beam management (BM), if the base station predicts (i.e., infers) one or more high-quality beams based on the AI / ML model, the base station can receive quality / strength information for multiple beams from the terminal. Furthermore, if the terminal predicts (i.e., infers) one or more high-quality beams based on the AI / ML model, the terminal can receive multiple beams from the base station.

[0178] Step 2: In the description of this disclosure below, an operation (e.g., computation, selection, prediction, etc.) in a specific node (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) or a joint operation (e.g., computation, selection, prediction, etc.) in multiple nodes (e.g., terminal, network, etc.) may correspond to the Step 2 operation of one or more functions in a functional framework based on an AI / ML model, even if not individually mentioned. For example, it may correspond to... Figure 7The training (i.e., generation and / or reconstruction) or inference of AI / ML models, etc. When using a one-sided model, the operation performed by a single node in this disclosure can correspond to the operation in step 2, and similarly, when using a two-sided model, the joint operation performed by multiple nodes in this disclosure can correspond to the operation in step 2.

[0179] For example, in an AI / ML model-based beamforming system (BM), the base station can use quality / intensity information for multiple beams received from the terminal as inference data to predict (i.e., infer) one or more high-quality beams based on the AI / ML model. Furthermore, the terminal can measure multiple beams received from the base station and use the measurement results as inference data to predict (i.e., infer) one or more high-quality beams based on the AI / ML model.

[0180] Step 3: In the description of this disclosure below, signaling (e.g., information / data / channel / signaling, etc.) or a set of signaling between a particular node (e.g., a terminal, network, etc.) and another node can be interpreted as a three-step signaling or a set of signaling generated due to operations based on an AI / ML model, even if not otherwise mentioned. For example, it can correspond to... Figure 7 The output is obtained from the inference of the AI / ML model. If signaling between nodes is not required as a result of operations based on the AI / ML model in this disclosure, step 3 can be omitted. If a one-sided model is used in this disclosure, the one-way / two-way signaling (set) in this disclosure can correspond to three-step signaling. Furthermore, when a two-sided model is used in this disclosure, the one-way / two-way signaling in this disclosure can correspond to level 3 signaling, and repeated signaling operations can also correspond to level 3 signaling.

[0181] For example, in a beamforming system based on an AI / ML model, the base station can send one or more beams predicted by the AI / ML model as candidates to the terminal, enabling the terminal to determine the optimal beam. Furthermore, the terminal can report one or more beams predicted by the AI / ML model to the base station to request the base station to send candidate beams as candidates for determining the optimal beam.

[0182] Method for configuring UE reporting / request information for AI / ML-based beam management

[0183] In the description of this disclosure, " / " can mean "and", "or", or "and / or", and "beam" can mean the source RS used for "spatial filter / spatial parameter" or "spatial relation". That is, "spatial filter", "spatial parameter", "source RS for spatial relation", etc. can be expressed interchangeably. Additionally, "beam" can also be interpreted as QCL (Type D) RS, TCI state, or (in the case of uplink) spatial relation RS.

[0184] In next-generation radio access technology (RAT) systems (such as 5G NR systems, 6G systems, etc.), beam management (BM) methods may include beam measurement / reporting methods and base station beam indication methods. Based on the base station's configuration / instructions, the UE performs beam measurement / reporting; the base station can then perform beam activation and / or beam indication on the UE based on the resulting beam report information.

[0185] Regarding the beam management process described above, in environments with high UE mobility (e.g., UE rotation, high-speed UE movement), or in environments where the presence / location of beam / wireless channel scatterers, reflectors, obstructions, etc., changes rapidly due to the movement of objects around the UE (e.g., indoor hotspots), frequent beam measurement / reporting may be required to find the optimal beam. Therefore, in such environments, problems such as high RS overhead, heavy implementation burden on the UE due to measurement / reporting, and increased power consumption may arise.

[0186] To address the aforementioned issues, in next-generation RAT systems, UE-driven beam management methods (i.e., beam management methods initiated by the UE) and / or AI / ML-based beam management methods can be considered.

[0187] UE-driven beam management methods may include schemes that combine UE beam reports to omit or simplify the base station's beam activation / indication process. Furthermore, UE-driven beam management methods may include event-based beam reporting schemes, where the UE performs beam reporting only when necessary (e.g., when the serving beam performance degrades or an alternative beam offers better performance), rather than beam reporting based on existing base station configuration / indication.

[0188] AI / ML-based beam management methods that enhance beam management through AI / ML can be categorized into "beam management performance enhancement schemes through spatial beam prediction" and "beam management performance enhancement schemes through temporal beam prediction".

[0189] "Beam management performance enhancement schemes through spatial beam prediction" are collectively referred to as the following schemes, in which beam management is performed by UE AI / ML (i.e., AI / ML running in the UE) and / or network AI / ML (i.e., AI / ML running in the network) based on current / past beam RS measurement results and UE location / mobility information, thereby improving beam management accuracy with low RS overhead. When the above schemes are applied, even using the results from a small number of beam RS measurements, performance similar to that of selecting beams from a larger number of beam RSs can be obtained.

[0190] "Beam management performance enhancement schemes through time beam prediction" are collectively referred to as the following schemes, in which UE AI / ML and / or network AI / ML predict beam quality at future time points based on current / past beam RS measurement results, UE location / mobility information, time-varying characteristics of the channel, etc.

[0191] For example, for AI / ML-based beam management, beam management (BM) case 1 and BM case 2 can be supported / considered for characterization and baseline performance evaluation. Specifically, BM case 1 can include the case of performing only the spatial beam prediction described above, and BM case 2 can include the case of performing both the temporal beam prediction and spatial beam prediction described above, as well as the case of performing only temporal beam prediction.

[0192] Relatedly, three types of beam RS sets can be defined: RS set A, RS set B, and RS set C. Here, RS set A refers to the set of beam RSs for which the UE or network performs predictions. RS set B refers to the set of beam RSs used as input to an AI / ML model for performing predictions against RS set A. RS set C refers to the set of beam RSs measured by the UE, and RS set B can be the same as RS set C or can be a subset of it.

[0193] For example, the following relationship can be established for RS set A, RS set B, and RS set C.

[0194] - RS set A may include 128 beams (e.g., beam RS #0, beam RS #1, ..., beam RS #127). The base station may transmit the beams of RS set A to the UE at (relatively long) specific periods or on demand, and the transmitted beams of RS set A may be used for network AI / ML or UE AI / ML performance monitoring purposes.

[0195] - RS set C can include 32 beams (e.g., beam RS #0, beam RS #4, beam RS #8, ..., beam RS #124). That is, RS set C can be configured as one of the four beams RS in RS set A. By periodically / aperiodically transmitting RS set C to the UE from the base station, the UE can perform beam measurement and beam reporting. As an example, the UE can perform reporting operations for a specific beam in RS set A through spatial beam prediction.

[0196] - RS set B may include a subset of RS set C and may refer to the set of beams actually used as input for the AI / ML model. Depending on the implementation of the AI / ML model, all or some beams of RS set C may be used as actual AI / ML input. As an example, only the N beams with the highest quality or beams with a quality equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold among all beams of RS set C may be used in the AI / ML model.

[0197] Additionally, in next-generation RAT systems, in AI / ML-based beam management methods, a scheme in which the UE requests the base station to send beam RS can be considered.

[0198] For example, training a UE-side AI / ML model (i.e., the AI / ML model running in the UE) may require a considerable number of beam measurements (e.g., RSRP, SINR, etc.), and for this purpose, the UE may request the base station to send beam RS. As another example, for performance monitoring of the UE-side AI / ML model, predicted beams and / or actual beams may need to be measured / compared, and for this purpose, the UE may request the base station to send beam RS.

[0199] The aforementioned UE-driven beam management methods and / or AI / ML-based beam management methods can be introduced / applied for efficient beam management in next-generation RAT systems.

[0200] In the following, this disclosure describes in detail a method for configuring information sent by a UE when the UE performs a beam-related report / request to a base station.

[0201] In conventional wireless communication systems, a UE can report information about the requested / preferred beam ID and its quality value to the base station via beam reporting. However, in this beam reporting, the number of beams reported by the UE is configured by the base station, thus limiting the UE's ability to report / request a desired number of beams. Furthermore, for the UE's receive beam selection / refinement (Rx beam selection / refinement), the base station needs to repeatedly transmit specific beams or serving beams, but the UE cannot perform this request / report.

[0202] Furthermore, in the aforementioned UE-driven beam management methods and / or AI / ML-based beam management methods, although the number of beams required by the UE can vary depending on the UE's situation, the schemes supported in conventional wireless communication systems for configuring beam reporting information have the problem that the number of beams is controlled / configured by the base station. In addition, the schemes supported in conventional wireless communication systems for configuring beam reporting information have the limitation of not supporting reports / requests for RS beam selection / refinement.

[0203] To address the aforementioned issues / limitations, this disclosure describes in detail a method for configuring information sent by the UE to the base station (or network) when the UE executes a beam management-related report / request, for UE-driven beam management methods and / or AI / ML-based beam management methods.

[0204] In beam management related reports / requests of the UE, the UE may send information to the base station including at least one of the following.

[0205] In the following description, beam RS and beam RS set can refer collectively to RS (e.g., CSI-RS, SSB, etc.) used to represent beams (e.g., spatial filters, transmit / receive (Tx / Rx) filters, etc.) and the set of RS(s). Therefore, in this disclosure, the term beam RS(set) can be replaced by terms such as RS(set) associated with a beam or beam(set).

[0206] (1) Information indicating the transmit beam RS and / or transmit beam RS set

[0207] In the UE's beam management related reports / requests, the UE can send information to the base station regarding the beam RS requested by the base station. In other words, in the UE's beam reports / requests, information about which beams the UE selects / requests / reports is expected to be sent together.

[0208] In this regard, beam-related information can be configured to indicate beam RS or beam RS set. In this case, to avoid ambiguity in the size of the reported / requested payload, it may be necessary to agree / define the size of the reported beam RS (set) between the base station and the UE.

[0209] However, as mentioned above, in the case of UE-driven beam management methods and / or AI / ML-based beam management methods, the required size of the beam RS (set) can vary depending on the UE's situation. As an example, as the UE's mobility increases, the UE can request / report a larger number of beams.

[0210] Considering the above, information indicating the transmit beam and / or transmit beam set can be efficiently configured based on a bitmap, rather than based on an ID (e.g., RS ID) as in conventional methods. In this case, each bit of the bitmap can be mapped to a beam RS or beam RS set configured / specified by the base station.

[0211] Additionally or alternatively, information indicating the transmit beam and / or transmit beam set can be configured based on a separate coding scheme. As an example, a separate coding scheme can be a coding scheme divided into two or more parts / fields, and can include a scheme in which the size / number of information in the second (or remaining) part / field is determined based on the information in the first part / field.

[0212] Specifically, the information indicating the transmitted beam and / or transmitted beam set can be configured with two parts / fields (i.e., a first part / field and a second part / field). In this case, the UE can report the number of reported / requested beam RS (sets) to the base station through the first part / field, and can report the ID of the reported / requested beam RS (sets) through the second part / field. Here, the amount / quantity of information in the second part / field has characteristics determined by the information reported in the first part / field.

[0213] Additionally or alternatively, information indicating the transmitted beam and / or transmitted beam set can be configured based on a set ID. For example, when multiple beam RS sets are configured between the base station and the UE, the UE can be configured / defined to report / request a specific beam RS set among the multiple beam RS sets. In this case, ID information can be used to distinguish / identify the beam RS set. In this case, the number of beam RSs included in each set can be configured differently. When the information is configured based on a set ID, the technical effect of flexibly selecting the number of beams to report / request can be achieved by reporting / requesting the beam RS set ID.

[0214] (2) Information indicating the number of repetitions for the transmit beam RS and / or the transmit beam RS set.

[0215] This information can be configured / indicated for each transmit beam RS or transmit beam RS set, and through this, the UE can report / request the repeated transmission of beam RS (set) to the base station.

[0216] When this information is used, the limitations of the conventional approach mentioned above can be overcome. For example, the limitation that the UE's receive beam selection / refinement requires the base station to repeatedly transmit a specific beam or serving beam, but the UE cannot perform a request / report process for this.

[0217] In this scenario, since the base station performs retransmission only for the number of receive beam candidates corresponding to the receive beam selection used by the UE, it can prevent unnecessary increases in RS overhead. Therefore, when reporting / requesting a beam, it can be efficient for the UE to report / request information about the required number of repetitions of the beam RS (set) to the base station together.

[0218] By configuring the information in (1) above together with or selectively with this information, it is possible to support base station transmit and UE receive beam scanning (e.g., P-1 scheme), base station transmit beam scanning (e.g., P-2 scheme), and UE receive beam scanning (e.g., P-3 scheme).

[0219] For example, when a UE receives a beam scan, the UE may omit the information indicating the transmit beam RS and / or the set of transmit beam RS, and only report / request information indicating the number of repetitions to the base station. In this case, the UE may report / request the retransmission of the currently serving beam (e.g., the most recently indicated TCI). As another example, when a base station transmits a beam scan, the UE may omit the information indicating the number of repetitions, or may set the number of repetitions to "1" (i.e., no repetitions) to report / request. As yet another example, when both base station transmit and UE receive a beam scan, the UE may report / request both the information indicating the transmit beam RS and / or the set of transmit beam RS, and the information indicating the number of repetitions.

[0220] The following describes in detail a method for configuring fields for information regarding the number of repetitions of the transmit beam RS and / or the transmit beam RS set. This information can be configured based on one or more of schemes 1 to 3 described below.

[0221] (Option 1) This information can be configured as an information field for reporting / requesting a single repetition count. As an example, a single repetition count can be applied collectively to all beam RS (sets) reported / requested by the UE.

[0222] (Option 2) This information can be configured as an information field for reporting / requesting the individual number of repetitions for each beam RS (set) reported / requested by the UE. As an example, the number of repetitions can be reported / requested for each beam RS ID or each beam RS set ID.

[0223] (Option 3) This information can be configured as an information field for reporting / requesting the number of repetitions (e.g., Rep_Number, Nrof_Rep) for the purpose of reporting / requesting reservations / configurations.

[0224] In this regard, when the UE selects and reports / requests the number of repetitions for each beam RS (set), and the UE can select the number of beam RS (sets) (e.g., N), the configuration of the repetition number and the payload size may vary depending on the number of beam RS (sets) selected. To solve this problem, a solution can be applied as follows: the number of repetitions reported / requested by the UE is fixed to a specific number (e.g., M), and the mapping relationship between the repetition number and the beam RS (set) is defined / set based on the value of the number of beam RS (sets). Here, the specific number can be configured / indicated by the network, such as the base station.

[0225] For example, a one-to-one mapping relationship can be applied when the number of beam RS (sets) selected by the UE is the same as the number of repetitions reported / requested by the UE (e.g., N = M).

[0226] As another example, when the number of beam RS (sets) selected by the UE is greater than the number of repetitions reported / requested by the UE (e.g., N > M), a one-to-one or many-to-one mapping relationship can be applied. That is, one repetition number can correspond to multiple beam RSs. As an example, beam RSs can be grouped according to their ID order and mapped to M repetition number fields. As another example, by considering beam quality (e.g., RSRP, SINR, etc.), beam RSs with low quality can be prioritized for grouping and mapping. As a concrete example, beams with high beam quality can be mapped to the fewest possible beams per repetition number, and beams with low beam quality can be mapped to the most possible beams per repetition number.

[0227] As another example, when the number of beam RS (sets) selected by the UE is less than the number of repetitions reported / requested by the UE (e.g., N < M), it is possible to set / define: configuring information sequentially for N beam RS (sets), and reporting specific values ​​for the remaining repetition count. As an example, the specific value could be all zeros, reserved code points, or code points specified for a particular case. Alternatively, in this case, it is possible to set / define: redundantly configuring values ​​for specific other beam RS (sets). Alternatively, in this case, what information to configure for the remaining repetition count can be determined by the UE (autonomously or through implementation). This is because the corresponding information may be unnecessary for the base station.

[0228] Additionally or alternatively, the above-described method for configuring information regarding the number of repetitions can be applied not only to bitmap-based configuration schemes but also to ID-based configuration schemes. This allows for the reduction or control of the amount of information involved. In this regard, networks such as base stations can independently configure the number of beam sets (RS) selected by the UE (e.g., the N value) and the number of repetitions reported / requested by the UE (e.g., the M value).

[0229] (3) Information indicating the number of (neighboring) beams

[0230] By reporting / requesting the required number of (neighbor) beams to the base station, the UE enables the base station to efficiently perform subsequent transmissions of beam RS.

[0231] For example, by configuring the information in (1) above together with the corresponding information (i.e., the information in (3)) as the information to be reported / requested, and by reporting the L value corresponding to the information in (3) together with the ID of the requested beam RS, the UE can report / request L neighbor beams for the corresponding beam.

[0232] As another example, the UE can configure the information to be reported / requested using only the corresponding information (i.e., the information in (3)) and can report / request L neighboring beams for the current serving beam (e.g., the activated / indicated TCI).

[0233] (4) Information on beam angle and / or beam angle range

[0234] In AI / ML-based beam management methods, to improve the performance of the AI / ML model on the UE side, it is possible to provide the UE with the absolute / relative beam angles for the base station beams as auxiliary information. Here, beam angle can refer to the boresight angle, beam pointing angle, and values ​​related to the energy peak direction of the main lobe, etc.

[0235] In this regard, the UE can report / request the required beam angle information and / or beam angle range information to the base station, and through this, the base station can efficiently perform subsequent transmission of the beam RS.

[0236] For example, the UE can configure the information in (1) above together with the corresponding information (i.e., the information in (4)) as the information to be reported / requested, and can report the angle range value (e.g., X degrees) corresponding to the information in (4) together with the ID of the requested beam RS. In this way, the UE can report / request the transmission of beam RS within the angle range around the corresponding beam (e.g., beam RS within ±X( / 2) degrees of the angle from the reported beam).

[0237] As another example, the UE can configure the information to be reported / requested using only the corresponding information (i.e., the information in (4)) and can report / request the transmission of beam RS within the angular range around the serving beam (e.g., beam RS within ±X( / 2) degrees of the serving beam).

[0238] As another example, the UE can configure the corresponding information (i.e., the information in (4)) to be information about the desired / preferred beam angle, and can report / request the transmission of a beam (RS) corresponding to that beam angle. As an example, the beam angle information can be index information related to the beam angle. In this case, the base station can transmit the beam RS corresponding to the beam angle, or transmit a (neighboring) beam RS with a beam angle similar to the corresponding beam angle.

[0239] As another example, the UE can report information to the base station about the desired / preferred beam angle and the angle range value (e.g., X degrees). In this way, the UE can report / request the transmission of beam RS within the angle range around the corresponding beam (e.g., beam RS within ±X( / 2) degrees of the angle of the reported beam).

[0240] (5) Validity information and / or distinguishing information based on the beam-related information reported / requested by the UE.

[0241] The beam-related information reported / requested by the UE to the base station may be valid only for a specific time period, or the reported / requested beam information may be configured differently according to time (interval). For example, beam-related information may include information about the beam RS (set), information about the number of repetitions of the beam RS (set), information about the beam angle, etc. (e.g., information such as (1) to (4) above).

[0242] The corresponding information (i.e., the information in (5)) may include the value / information of the duration for which the beam-related information (e.g., the information in (1) to (4) above) reported / requested by the UE is valid, and / or the value / information of different beam-related information (e.g., the information in (1) to (4) above) based on different times (ranges / intervals). As an example, the relevant time (ranges / intervals) may be based on units such as symbols, time slots, frames, or milliseconds (msec).

[0243] For example, when the corresponding information (i.e., the information in (5)) is configured as a value / information (i.e., distinguishing information) related to different beams at different times (ranges / intervals), this value / information can be configured independently for each time interval. Alternatively, in this case, the value / information can be configured as information about the difference in information relative to a specific reference time interval (e.g., a first time interval). As an example, information about the difference may include differences in beam angles (ranges), differences in the number of beams, the number of beam repetitions required over time, the amount / ratio of increase in beam angle range and / or number of beams, etc.

[0244] Additionally or alternatively, when the corresponding information (i.e., the information in (5)) is configured to be the value / information (i.e., the distinguishing information) of different beam-related information at different times (ranges / intervals), the UE may select / determine / report the time interval, or may be configured / defined to be the reporting value based on the time interval configured by the base station or a predefined time interval (e.g., the time interval defined per X ms).

[0245] In this regard, when a UE reports / requests beam retransmission to the base station (or network) for UE Rx beam refinement, the UE can report / request: two retransmissions are required when the time interval is less than X ms, and four retransmissions are required when the time interval is greater than or equal to X ms. That is, as time goes by, the beam may become more mismatched, so the number of beams required for receiving beam refinement may increase.

[0246] Additionally or alternatively, the UE may report / request to the base station the time information (e.g., X ms, Y time slots) that indicates the UE to report / request the beam RS (set) and / or beam angle validity.

[0247] Additionally or alternatively, the UE may report / request information to the base station regarding the time-varying characteristics of the validity / reliability of the beam RS (set) and / or beam angle information reported / requested by the UE (e.g., the rate of increase / decrease in reliability).

[0248] Figure 9 and Figure 10 Examples of UE and base station operations are illustrated in the process of a UE configuring to send a beam management-related report / request to a base station based on the information described above in this disclosure.

[0249] Figure 9 This is a diagram used to explain the operation of a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied.

[0250] Reference Figure 9 The UE can receive at least one RS (S910) from the base station.

[0251] In this regard, for beam management, the UE may need the base station to send RS. In this case, the UE can request the base station to send a specific RS by considering the RS previously received from the base station.

[0252] That is, a UE that has received at least one RS can send information to the base station to report / request one or more RSs required by the UE (S920).

[0253] For example, for beam management, the UE can send information to the base station to report / request one or more RSs. This information can be sent via at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, Media Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), or UE capability information.

[0254] Additionally, beam management can be based on an artificial intelligence (AI) model or a machine learning (ML) model at at least one of the UE or the base station. In this case, when beam management is based on an AI model or ML model at the UE, data related to one or more RSs reported / requested by the UE can be used for training or inference of the AI ​​model or ML model at the UE.

[0255] In this regard, the information may be directed to one or more RSs and include at least one of the following: first information indicating the RS or set of RSs, second information relating to the number of repetitions, third information relating to the number of RSs, or fourth information relating to the beam angle. For example, the first information may correspond to the information in (1) above in this disclosure, the second information may correspond to the information in (2) above in this disclosure, the third information may correspond to the information in (3) above in this disclosure, and the fourth information may correspond to the information in (4) above in this disclosure.

[0256] As a specific example, the first information may be configured based on a bitmap indicating one or more RSs reported / requested by the UE, and each bit of the bitmap may be mapped to an RS or RS set configured by the base station. Additionally or alternatively, the first information may be configured with a first field and a second field having a size determined by the first field. In this case, the first field may indicate the number of RSs or RS sets to be reported or requested, and the second field may be defined as identification information indicating the RSs or RS sets to be reported or requested. Furthermore, when multiple RS sets are configured by the base station, the aforementioned first information may be configured as identification information for at least one of the configured multiple RS sets, i.e., information indicating a specific RS set among the configured RS sets.

[0257] Additionally, the second information may include information indicating the (single) number of repetitions that are collectively applied to one or more RSs reported / requested by the UE. Alternatively, the second information may include information indicating the individual number of repetitions for each RS or set of RSs to be reported or requested.

[0258] Furthermore, the second information may include information for M pre-configured repetition quantity values, and the repetition quantity values ​​may be mapped based on the number of RSs or RS sets for one or more RSs. Here, the number of repetition quantity values ​​included in the information (i.e., M) may be configured / indicated by the base station, etc. In this regard, when one or more RSs reported / requested by the UE consist of N RSs or N RS sets and the value of M is configured to be less than the value of N, at least one of the M repetition quantity values ​​may be mapped to multiple RSs or multiple RS sets (e.g., many-to-one mapping). Furthermore, when one or more RSs reported / requested by the UE consist of N RSs or N RS sets and the value of M is configured to be greater than the value of N, N of the M repetition quantity values ​​may be sequentially mapped to N RSs or N RS sets, and the remaining repetition quantity values ​​may be set to predefined specific values.

[0259] Regarding the configuration of information reported / requested by the UE to the base station as described above, when the first information and the third information are included together in the information, the third information may indicate the number of RSs or RS sets that are additionally reported or requested for each RS or RS set indicated by the first information.

[0260] Additionally or alternatively, regarding the configuration of information reported / requested by the UE to the base station as described above, the information may further include a fifth information (e.g., the information in (5) above in this disclosure) for a time interval valid for at least one of the first, second, third, or fourth information included in the information.

[0261] Additionally or alternatively, regarding the configuration of the information reported / requested by the UE to the base station as described above, at least one of the first, second, third, or fourth information included in that information may be configured to indicate different values ​​for each specific time interval unit. In this regard, at least one of the first, second, third, or fourth information included in that information may be configured as information for a reference time interval and offset information regarding the difference in the remaining time interval.

[0262] exist Figure 9 The methods described in the examples can be derived from... Figure 11 The first device (100) is executed. That is, Figure 11 The UE can be implemented as a first device (100). For example, Figure 11 One or more processors (102) of the first device (100) may be configured to receive at least one reference signal (RS) from the base station via one or more transceivers (106) and send information related to beam management for reporting or requesting one or more RSs required by the UE.

[0263] Furthermore, one or more memories (104) of the first device (100) may store information for execution by one or more processors (102) in order to perform the operation. Figure 9 The methods described in the examples or the instructions in the examples described later.

[0264] Figure 10 This is a diagram used to explain the operation of a base station in a wireless communication system to which this disclosure can be applied.

[0265] Reference Figure 10 The base station can send at least one RS (S1010) to the UE.

[0266] In this regard, for beam management, the UE may require the base station to send RS. In this case, the UE can request the base station to send a specific RS by considering the RS previously received from the base station.

[0267] That is, the base station can receive information from the UE about one or more RSs required for reporting / requesting the UE (S1020).

[0268] In this case, the information may be directed to one or more RSs and include at least one of the following: first information indicating the RS or set of RSs, second information related to the number of repetitions, third information related to the number of RSs, or fourth information related to the beam angle.

[0269] Detailed features and references related to the detailed configuration of the first, second, third, fourth, and / or fifth information constituting the information reported / requested by the UE, the signaling associated with the transmission and reception of such information, the beam management type to which the proposed operations of this disclosure can be applied, etc. Figure 9 The descriptions are the same, and therefore redundant descriptions are omitted.

[0270] Figure 10 The method described in the example can be derived from... Figure 11 The second device (200) is executed. That is to say, Figure 10 The base station can be implemented as a second device (200). For example, Figure 11One or more processors (202) of the second device (200) may be configured to: transmit at least one reference signal (RS) to the UE via one or more transceivers (206), and receive information from the UE related to beam management for reporting or requesting one or more RS required by the UE.

[0271] Furthermore, one or more memories (204) of the second device (200) may store instructions that are executed when executed by one or more processors (202). Figure 10 The method described in the example or in the example described later.

[0272] Although the proposed method of this disclosure has been described as a method for configuring information for beam reporting / requesting by the UE, this is merely a representative example, and the proposed method of this disclosure can be extended and applied to methods for configuring information such as CSI reporting / requests, RRM / mobility-related reporting / requests, etc., in addition to beam reporting / requests.

[0273] The general apparatus disclosed herein can be used.

[0274] Figure 11 A block diagram illustrating a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0275] Reference Figure 11 The first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 can transmit and receive wireless signals through a variety of radio access technologies (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A pro, NR, 5G, 5G-A, 6G).

[0276] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may control the memories 104 and / or the transceivers 106, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure.

[0277] For example, processor 102 can process information in memory 104 to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the first information / signal via transceiver 106. Alternatively, processor 102 can receive a wireless signal including second information / signal via transceiver 106, and then store the information obtained from signal processing of the second information / signal in memory 104.

[0278] Memory 104 may be connected to processor 102 and may store various information related to the operation of processor 102. For example, memory 104 may store software code including commands for performing all or part of the processing controlled by processor 102 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, processor 102 and memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Transceiver 106 may be connected to processor 102 and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas 108. Transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver 106 may be used with an RF (radio frequency) unit. In this disclosure, wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0279] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may additionally include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processors 202 may control the memories 204 and / or the transceivers 206, and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. For example, the processors 202 may generate third information / signals by processing information in the memories 204, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information / signals via the transceivers 206. Additionally, the processors 202 may receive wireless signals including fourth information / signals via the transceivers 206, and then store information obtained through signal processing of the fourth information / signals in the memories 204. The memories 204 may be connected to the processors 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processors 202. For example, the memories 204 may store software code including commands for performing all or part of the processing controlled by the processors 202 or for executing the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein. Here, processor 202 and memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement wireless communication technologies (e.g., LTE, NR). Transceiver 206 may be connected to processor 202 and may transmit and / or receive wireless signals via one or more antennas 208. Transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. Transceiver 206 may be used with an RF unit. In this disclosure, wireless device may refer to a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0280] The hardware components of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail below. However, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, SDAP). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more PDUs (Protocol Data Units) and / or one or more SDUs (Service Data Units) according to the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts included in this disclosure. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure. One or more processors 102, 202 may generate signals (e.g., baseband signals) including PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, in accordance with the functions, processes, suggestions, and / or methods disclosed in this disclosure, to provide them to one or more transceivers 106, 206. One or more processors 102, 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106, 206, and obtain PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information, in accordance with the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure.

[0281] One or more processors 102, 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102, 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits), one or more DSPs (Digital Signal Processors), one or more DSPDs (Digital Signal Processing Devices), one or more PLDs (Programmable Logic Devices), or one or more FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) may be included in one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, processes, functions, etc. Firmware or software configured to execute the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure may be included in one or more processors 102, 202, or may be stored in one or more memories 104, 204 and driven by one or more processors 102, 202. The descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure can be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands and / or command sets.

[0282] One or more memories 104, 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102, 202 and may store data, signals, messages, information, programs, code, instructions, and / or commands in various forms. One or more memories 104, 204 may be configured with ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard disk drive, registers, cache memory, computer-readable storage media, and / or combinations thereof. One or more memories 104, 204 may be located internally and / or externally to one or more processors 102, 202. Furthermore, one or more memories 104, 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102, 202 via various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0283] One or more transceivers 106, 206 can transmit user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the methods and / or operation flowcharts of this disclosure to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106, 206 can receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed in this disclosure from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106, 206 can be connected to one or more processors 102, 202 and can transmit and receive wireless signals. For example, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or wireless signals to one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more processors 102, 202 can control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or wireless signals from one or more other devices. Additionally, one or more transceivers 106, 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108, 208, and one or more transceivers 106, 206 may be configured to transmit and receive user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., mentioned in the descriptions, functions, processes, suggestions, methods, and / or operation flowcharts disclosed herein via one or more antennas 108, 208. In this disclosure, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106, 206 may convert received wireless signals / channels, etc., from RF band signals to baseband signals for processing using one or more processors 102, 202. One or more transceivers 106, 206 may convert user data, control information, wireless signals / channels, etc., processed using one or more processors 102, 202, from baseband signals to RF band signals. Therefore, one or more transceivers 106, 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0284] The above embodiments combine the elements and features of this disclosure in a predetermined form. Unless otherwise expressly stated, each element or feature should be considered optional. Each element or feature may be implemented without being combined with other elements or features. Furthermore, embodiments of this disclosure may include combinations of some elements and / or features. The order of operations described in embodiments of this disclosure may be changed. Some elements or features of one embodiment may be included in other embodiments, or may be replaced by corresponding elements or features of other embodiments. Obviously, embodiments may include claims that are not explicitly referenced in the claims, or may be included as new claims after the application has been amended.

[0285] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this disclosure may be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its essential characteristics. Therefore, the above detailed description should not be construed as restrictive in every respect, but rather as illustrative. The scope of this disclosure should be determined by a reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all variations within the equivalent scope of this disclosure are included within its scope.

[0286] The scope of this disclosure includes software or machine-executable commands (e.g., operating systems, applications, firmware, programs, etc.) that operate in a device or computer according to methods of various embodiments, as well as non-transitory computer-readable media that cause software or commands to be stored and executable in a device or computer. Commands that can be used to program a processing system to perform the features described in this disclosure can be stored in a storage medium or a computer-readable storage medium, and the features described in this disclosure can be implemented by using a computer program product including such a storage medium. The storage medium may include, but is not limited to, high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid-state storage devices, and may include non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices. The memory may optionally include one or more storage devices located remotely from the processor. The memory, or alternatively, the non-volatile memory devices in the memory include non-transitory computer-readable storage media. The features described in this disclosure can be stored in any machine-readable medium to control the hardware of a processing system and can be integrated into software and / or firmware that allows the processing system to interact with other mechanisms using the results of embodiments of this disclosure. Such software or firmware may include, but is not limited to, application code, device drivers, operating systems, and execution environments / containers.

[0287] The wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100 and 200 of this disclosure may include narrowband Internet of Things (IoT) for low-power communication, as well as LTE, NR, and 6G. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Network) technology, implemented in standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2, and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100 and 200 of this disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and may be referred to by various names such as eMTC (Enhanced Machine-Type Communication). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in at least any of various standards, including 1) LTE Cat 0; 2) LTE Cat M1; 3) LTE Cat M2; 4) LTE non-BL (non-bandwidth limited); 5) LTE-MTC; 6) LTE Machine-Type Communication; and / or 7) LTE M, etc., and is not limited to the aforementioned names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technologies implemented in the wireless devices 100 and 200 of this disclosure may include at least any one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low-power communication, and are not limited to the aforementioned names. For example, ZigBee technology can generate PANs (Personal Area Networks) associated with small / low-power digital communication based on various standards (e.g., IEEE 802.15.4, etc.) and may be referred to by various names.

[0288] Industrial applicability

[0289] The method presented in this disclosure is primarily illustrated based on examples applied to 3GPP LTE / LTE-A, 5G, and 6G systems, but it can also be applied to various wireless communication systems other than 3GPP LTE / LTE-A, 5G, and 6G systems.

Claims

1. A method performed by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Receive at least one reference signal (RS) from the base station; as well as Based on the at least one RS, information for reporting or requesting one or more RSs required by the UE is sent to the base station. Wherein, for the one or more RSs, the information includes at least one of the following: first information indicating the RS or set of RSs, second information related to the number of repetitions, third information related to the number of RSs, or fourth information related to the beam angle.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first information is configured based on a bitmap used to indicate the one or more RSs, and Each bit of the bitmap is mapped to an RS or set of RSs configured by the base station.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first information includes a first field and a second field having a size determined by the first field, and The first field indicates the number of RSs or RS sets to be reported or requested, and the second field indicates the identification information of the RSs or RS sets to be reported or requested.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on multiple RS sets configured by the base station, the first information is configured with identification information for at least one of the multiple RS sets.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second information includes information indicating the number of repetitions that are applied together to the one or more RSs.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second information includes information indicating the individual number of repetitions for each RS or set of RSs to be reported or requested.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The second information includes information on the number of repetitions for M pre-configured values, and The number of repetitions is mapped based on the number of RSs or sets of RSs for one or more RSs.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein, Based on the configuration of one or more RSs with N RSs or N RS sets and the configuration of the M value being less than the N value, at least one of the M repetition count values ​​is mapped to multiple RSs or multiple RS sets.

9. The method according to claim 7, wherein, Based on the configuration of one or more RSs with N RSs or a set of N RSs, and the configuration of the M value being greater than the N value. N of the M repetition count values ​​are sequentially mapped to the N RS or the set of N RS, and the remaining repetition count values ​​are set to predefined specific values.

10. The method according to claim 1, wherein, Based on the information including the first information together with the third information, the third information indicates the number of RSs or RS sets that are additionally reported or requested for each RS or RS set indicated by the first information.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The information also includes fifth information regarding a time interval, during which at least one of the first, second, third, or fourth information included in the information is valid.

12. The method according to claim 1, wherein, At least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, or the fourth information included in the information is set to indicate a different value for each specific time interval unit.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, At least one of the first information, the second information, the third information, or the fourth information included in the information is configured with information for the reference time interval and offset information for the difference in the remaining time interval.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The information is transmitted via at least one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) messages, Media Access Control-Control Element (MAC-CE), Downlink Control Information (DCI), or UE Capability Information.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The one or more RSs are associated with beam management, and The beam management is based on an artificial intelligence (AI) model or a machine learning (ML) model at least one of the UE or the base station.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein, Based on the beam management, data associated with the one or more RSs is used for training or inference of the AI ​​model or ML model at the UE.

17. A user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: At least one transceiver; as well as At least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the at least one transceiver; Wherein, the at least one processor is configured to: Receive at least one reference signal (RS) from the base station; and Based on the at least one RS, information for reporting or requesting one or more RSs required by the UE is sent to the base station. Wherein, for the one or more RSs, the information includes at least one of the following: first information indicating the RS or set of RSs, second information related to the number of repetitions, third information related to the number of RSs, or fourth information related to the beam angle.

18. A method performed by a base station in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: Send at least one reference signal (RS) to the user equipment (UE); as well as The UE receives information from one or more RSs, based on at least one RS, required for reporting or requesting information from the UE. Wherein, for the one or more RSs, the information includes at least one of the following: first information indicating the RS or set of RSs, second information related to the number of repetitions, third information related to the number of RSs, or fourth information related to the beam angle.

19. A base station in a wireless communication system, the base station comprising: At least one transceiver; as well as At least one processor, the at least one processor being coupled to the at least one transceiver; Wherein, the at least one processor is configured to: Send at least one reference signal (RS) to the user equipment (UE); and The UE receives information from one or more RSs, based on at least one RS, required for reporting or requesting information from the UE. Wherein, for the one or more RSs, the information includes at least one of the following: first information indicating the RS or set of RSs, second information related to the number of repetitions, third information related to the number of RSs, or fourth information related to the beam angle.

20. A processing apparatus configured to control a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system, the processing apparatus comprising: At least one processor; as well as At least one computer memory, operatively coupled to the at least one processor and storing instructions for performing operations when executed by the at least one processor. The operation includes: Receive at least one reference signal (RS) from the base station; and Based on the at least one RS, information for reporting or requesting one or more RSs required by the UE is sent to the base station. Wherein, for the one or more RSs, the information includes at least one of the following: first information indicating the RS or set of RSs, second information related to the number of repetitions, third information related to the number of RSs, or fourth information related to the beam angle.

21. At least one non-transitory computer-readable medium, said at least one non-transitory computer-readable medium storing at least one instruction, wherein, The at least one instruction executed by at least one processor controls the means to perform uplink transmission in the wireless communication system to perform: Receive at least one reference signal (RS) from the base station; and Based on the at least one RS, information for reporting or requesting one or more RSs required by the UE is sent to the base station. Wherein, for the one or more RSs, the information includes at least one of the following: first information indicating the RS or set of RSs, second information related to the number of repetitions, third information related to the number of RSs, or fourth information related to the beam angle.

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